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Integrating community based organizations in Guinea worm eradication
Poster Sessions 1 Parasitology
P-0741
lnterna~ionai
THEAPPEARANCE
OF TltICHINELlDStS IN ONE REGION AND RESULTING ECONOMICAL. L5SSFaS
lklklbd Id., TcJlf h&., Teodomvlf V., Pejim Ivana, Mtluttn I’etrovt@* lhcdty d vemiwy medmat, ndgmdt, Yupanis ** IMum* of vctdmry Mrdidoe, NU, YllsosllpL
Trichinellosis is one of the most important parasitic diseases that is common for people and animals. The cause (carrier) of bichinellosis in our camtry is parasite Trichinella spirpllis which belongs to the class of Nematodes. Aoxxding to legal regulations in SR Yugoslavia, it is precisely determined that the meat originating from tichiaellous animals is ham&l for human and animal nutrition. and that it has to be harmlessly destroyed after tbc exterminating of infectious larvae. The inspection of the parasite Trichineila spirallis preseocc in slaugbtercd pigs has been canicd out by the method of individual samples compression. and by tbc method of collective samples artifxid digestion. The aim of this work is detenmnmg of the total economic losses resulting from uselessness of the slaughtered pigs trunks in which hichincllosis had been diagnosed. Ascertaining of economical losses has ban performed in the period from 1596. to 1997 in the examined regmn. at the teritory of 5.099 km’. Tbc total economic losses are divided mto two groups. The first group represents unrealized profit and the second group dependent costs in unrealized production. In 1996 in Le mvcstlgated region there wa slaughtered the total cf 166.027 pq.s. Out of tlus number III 563 ammals then was found out the parasite Trichinella spirdl~s, what makes 0.34% of positive animals regarding the number of the slaughtered pigs In 1997. at the observed terntory there was slauuhtered the t&al of 143.040 DIES On the basis of the meat examination on the parasite Tnchinella spiralhs presence, there have been found out 548 positive animals. The determined number of positive ammals regarding the total number of the slaughtered pigs makes 0.38%. The relative increase of the oumber of positive animals in 1997. comparing to the previous year IS 11.77%. Total economic losses. apparing as the conscqucncc of uselessness of the pigs meat because of tnchmcllosis m 1996 were 270.240 DM (I41554 DM unrcal~zcd profit and I28 686 DM dependant costs in unrcal~red production). In 1997 total economic losses were 163040 DM and out of this unrealized protit was 137783 DM and dependant cats I” unrealued production were 125 257 DM.
-
47 (Suppl.) (1998) 283-389
321
P-W43 INTEGRATING
COMMUNITY
BASED
ORGANIZATIONS
IN
GUINEA WORM ERADICATION &ide.
E. 1. Ekpo, U. F.. Johnson, M. E.. Ndem, E. E., Martin, Obono,
Awkute, A. and Atting, I. Nigeria Guinea Worm Eradication Programme. South East Zone. 16 Ibom &out,
P. 0. Box 3679, C&bar,
Nigeria.
In rural communities. there exist organiscd bodies, which are often developmental in nature. However, health planners and providers do Ix)t always involve these bodies in health programmes.
Community Based
organizations (CBOs), when properly equipped and motivated are useful medium in disease control.
Experiences in guinea worm eradication in
South Eastern Nigeria have demonstrated the relevant roles which rural bodies such as Village Bases Health Workers (VBHWs). Village Task Forces (VTFs). Age grades,
Women’s group, School health clubs,
Religious and Traditional Councils could play.
It is observed that with adequate orientation and mobilization such bodies were invaluable partners in attacking the foundation of guinea worm disease. This paper discusses
I
P-0742
ASCARJS LUMBRKODDBSINFECTION AND MENTAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN ShenLY’, D@ JZ+, Hu SL**, QinDD**, ShenY”, Gan Yua” xZ*, song cc*, *Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Zhejiang Academy of Madxal Sciences, China snd **Sanitation and Anti-epidemic Statlow Shangyu, China
the formation,
training and integration
of CBOs in guinea worm
eradication in South Eastern Nigeria.
P-u7u HEALTH
EDUCATION
IN GUINEA
WORM
ERADICATION:
EXPERIENCE FROM SOUTH EAST ZONE, NIGERIA. Braide. E. I. Ekpo, U F , Johnson, M. E
Ndem, E. E., Obono, 0..
Akpan. I. A., Adesina. F and Atting. 1. The present study investigated the effect of Ascariasis on the childhood mental development Children aged 9-1 I years, hving in rural distrtct of ZheJiang, wth moderate-to-heavy worm burdetw of Ascaris luntbricoides (n=I 14, ~5,C00 eggs per g faeces), were selected as treatment groups and compared with uninfected controls(n=101) who matched for age, sex and socmeconomic status. Raven’s Intelhgence Quotient(IQ) Scales for Rural Cttddre” were used to assess tnental development After initial tests for IQ, tnfected chtldren were gwen hvice anthelmintlc treatments with 8 mg/kg doses of albendazole at autonut and in sprmg each year and control groups were also gtvm placebo.Second test of IQ repeated 3 years later Results revealed IQ of mfected chrldrcn was stgnificantly lower than that of conaols(P~0.01). After chanotherapy, the mfected group showed some Improvement m IQ, but not highs than controls and there are still sl@icant drffere”ce behvaen thetn(p
Nigeria Guinea Worm Eradication Programme. South East Zone. 16 lbom Layout, P. 0. Box 363, Calabar, Nigeria. Substantial decrease recorded by the Nigeria Guinea Wotm Eradication Programme (NIGEP) t” the number of cases by the end of 19% confirms guinea worm as eradicable disease.
Of the strategies employed by the
programme towards this end, “one is more pervasive, more critical. and more readily adaptable to Local circumstances than health education; and for this reason, “one is comparable to its impact on the transmission of the disease. This paper examines the central role of health education vis-a-vis other intervention strategies as measures for the eradication of the disease during the crucial phases of mobilization, case reduction, and case containment. By examining the strategies in terms of the relative emphasis placed on them during the intervention years as well as the corresponding declines recorded during the period, the paper provides insight into the key role of health education t” precipitating and maintaining the decline. Health education
IS wewed by the paper as preconditioning
sustainability of the programme objecwes
the
P-0741
lnterna~ionai
THEAPPEARANCE
OF TltICHINELlDStS IN ONE REGION AND RESULTING ECONOMICAL. L5SSFaS
lklklbd Id., TcJlf h&., Teodomvlf V., Pejim Ivana, Mtluttn I’etrovt@* lhcdty d vemiwy medmat, ndgmdt, Yupanis ** IMum* of vctdmry Mrdidoe, NU, YllsosllpL
Trichinellosis is one of the most important parasitic diseases that is common for people and animals. The cause (carrier) of bichinellosis in our camtry is parasite Trichinella spirpllis which belongs to the class of Nematodes. Aoxxding to legal regulations in SR Yugoslavia, it is precisely determined that the meat originating from tichiaellous animals is ham&l for human and animal nutrition. and that it has to be harmlessly destroyed after tbc exterminating of infectious larvae. The inspection of the parasite Trichineila spirallis preseocc in slaugbtercd pigs has been canicd out by the method of individual samples compression. and by tbc method of collective samples artifxid digestion. The aim of this work is detenmnmg of the total economic losses resulting from uselessness of the slaughtered pigs trunks in which hichincllosis had been diagnosed. Ascertaining of economical losses has ban performed in the period from 1596. to 1997 in the examined regmn. at the teritory of 5.099 km’. Tbc total economic losses are divided mto two groups. The first group represents unrealized profit and the second group dependent costs in unrealized production. In 1996 in Le mvcstlgated region there wa slaughtered the total cf 166.027 pq.s. Out of tlus number III 563 ammals then was found out the parasite Trichinella spirdl~s, what makes 0.34% of positive animals regarding the number of the slaughtered pigs In 1997. at the observed terntory there was slauuhtered the t&al of 143.040 DIES On the basis of the meat examination on the parasite Tnchinella spiralhs presence, there have been found out 548 positive animals. The determined number of positive ammals regarding the total number of the slaughtered pigs makes 0.38%. The relative increase of the oumber of positive animals in 1997. comparing to the previous year IS 11.77%. Total economic losses. apparing as the conscqucncc of uselessness of the pigs meat because of tnchmcllosis m 1996 were 270.240 DM (I41554 DM unrcal~zcd profit and I28 686 DM dependant costs in unrcal~red production). In 1997 total economic losses were 163040 DM and out of this unrealized protit was 137783 DM and dependant cats I” unrealued production were 125 257 DM.
-
47 (Suppl.) (1998) 283-389
321
P-W43 INTEGRATING
COMMUNITY
BASED
ORGANIZATIONS
IN
GUINEA WORM ERADICATION &ide.
E. 1. Ekpo, U. F.. Johnson, M. E.. Ndem, E. E., Martin, Obono,
Awkute, A. and Atting, I. Nigeria Guinea Worm Eradication Programme. South East Zone. 16 Ibom &out,
P. 0. Box 3679, C&bar,
Nigeria.
In rural communities. there exist organiscd bodies, which are often developmental in nature. However, health planners and providers do Ix)t always involve these bodies in health programmes.
Community Based
organizations (CBOs), when properly equipped and motivated are useful medium in disease control.
Experiences in guinea worm eradication in
South Eastern Nigeria have demonstrated the relevant roles which rural bodies such as Village Bases Health Workers (VBHWs). Village Task Forces (VTFs). Age grades,
Women’s group, School health clubs,
Religious and Traditional Councils could play.
It is observed that with adequate orientation and mobilization such bodies were invaluable partners in attacking the foundation of guinea worm disease. This paper discusses
I
P-0742
ASCARJS LUMBRKODDBSINFECTION AND MENTAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN ShenLY’, D@ JZ+, Hu SL**, QinDD**, ShenY”, Gan Yua” xZ*, song cc*, *Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Zhejiang Academy of Madxal Sciences, China snd **Sanitation and Anti-epidemic Statlow Shangyu, China
the formation,
training and integration
of CBOs in guinea worm
eradication in South Eastern Nigeria.
P-u7u HEALTH
EDUCATION
IN GUINEA
WORM
ERADICATION:
EXPERIENCE FROM SOUTH EAST ZONE, NIGERIA. Braide. E. I. Ekpo, U F , Johnson, M. E
Ndem, E. E., Obono, 0..
Akpan. I. A., Adesina. F and Atting. 1. The present study investigated the effect of Ascariasis on the childhood mental development Children aged 9-1 I years, hving in rural distrtct of ZheJiang, wth moderate-to-heavy worm burdetw of Ascaris luntbricoides (n=I 14, ~5,C00 eggs per g faeces), were selected as treatment groups and compared with uninfected controls(n=101) who matched for age, sex and socmeconomic status. Raven’s Intelhgence Quotient(IQ) Scales for Rural Cttddre” were used to assess tnental development After initial tests for IQ, tnfected chtldren were gwen hvice anthelmintlc treatments with 8 mg/kg doses of albendazole at autonut and in sprmg each year and control groups were also gtvm placebo.Second test of IQ repeated 3 years later Results revealed IQ of mfected chrldrcn was stgnificantly lower than that of conaols(P~0.01). After chanotherapy, the mfected group showed some Improvement m IQ, but not highs than controls and there are still sl@icant drffere”ce behvaen thetn(p
Nigeria Guinea Worm Eradication Programme. South East Zone. 16 lbom Layout, P. 0. Box 363, Calabar, Nigeria. Substantial decrease recorded by the Nigeria Guinea Wotm Eradication Programme (NIGEP) t” the number of cases by the end of 19% confirms guinea worm as eradicable disease.
Of the strategies employed by the
programme towards this end, “one is more pervasive, more critical. and more readily adaptable to Local circumstances than health education; and for this reason, “one is comparable to its impact on the transmission of the disease. This paper examines the central role of health education vis-a-vis other intervention strategies as measures for the eradication of the disease during the crucial phases of mobilization, case reduction, and case containment. By examining the strategies in terms of the relative emphasis placed on them during the intervention years as well as the corresponding declines recorded during the period, the paper provides insight into the key role of health education t” precipitating and maintaining the decline. Health education
IS wewed by the paper as preconditioning
sustainability of the programme objecwes
the