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Interaction between swimming technique and performance capacity in swimming
Abstracts-International
Society of Biomechanics
XII Congress 1989
1035
GRIPPING FORCES AND HAND ACCELERATION WAVES DURING THE GOLF SWING Kazuaki Kawashima and Akira Nagata Lab. of Biomechanics, Nihon University, Japan Lab. of Biontechanics, Waseda University, Japan This study has the purpose to investigate the gripping force of seven fingers of both hands and acceleration waves with two directions during the golf swing. Fourteen wales were subjected using the driver tool of the golf. The force of seven fingers and acceleration of the left hand were measured quantitively with the small sensors. Also, segmental motion analysis were practised in those golf swing by the measure of a 16 mm high speed camera cinematographically. Peak forces of the little, the ring, and the middle fingers of left hand were recorded remarkably larger swing of elite players than during that of beginners at the golf experiment &0.05). The swing of the elite were accelerated faster at prior of the impact than during that of beginners at the decline of the acceleration curve Cp
INTERACTION BETWEEN SWIMMING TECHNIQUE AND PERFORMANCE CAPACITY IN SWIMMING Kari L. Keskinen and Paavo V. Komi Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of JyvBskylL, JyvLskylY, Finland Interaction between swimming technique and performance capacity during a fitness test was studied in three groups of male competitive swimmers representing different competitive performances. Swimming technique was described by mean velocity (V), stroke rate (SR), stroke length (SL) and stroke index (SI), while blood lactate concentration (BLa) vs V curves were used to demonstrate the performance capacity of a swimmer during the test. Both SL and SI were found to follow the changes observed by BLa vs V relationships demonstrating parallel effects of endurance type of training on both physiological fitness and stroke technique. The best swimmers obtained highest values in SL and SI, which was suggested to characterise the difference between swimmers representing different competitive performances.
:4AXIKAL VOLUNTARY CONTRACTIONS OF THE LEG DURING UNILATERAL AND BILATERAL WORK Armin Kibeie and Klaus-Jtirgen Miiller Institut fiir Sport und Sportwissenschaft., Universitat Freiburg, Freiburg i. Br., FRG In compariscn to maximal, unilateral activation of the leg, a deficit has been found in both the force and the electromyogram iemg) during bilaterai activation of the homologous musculature. The objective of the present study was to quantify in detail the characteristics of the rectified and averaged emg-traces of selected extensor muscles participating in a multi-joint leg extension task. For this purpose !fe measured the emg-time-records of nine female downhill skiers iregional level) during maximal voluntary contractions of one leg when working alone, and simultaneously !rith the contralateral leg. Force-time-signals were recorded for each leg, and for both legs together. The quantification of the rectified and averaged emg-data included the calculation of the integrated emg over a fixed time interval as well as the calculation of the aaximal amplitude and the highest rate of rise of the filtered records. The quantification of the force-time-curves :ncluded the calculation of the maximal amplitude (maximal force) and the highest rate of rise. Except for the in. vastus med., sli muscles measured showed significantly more electrical activity (emg-amplitude, iemg) during the unilateral task. The rate of rise in the filtered emg-signals was found to be significantly less in the bilateral condition. While the reduced electrical activation level in bilateral contractions still remains a matter of spec:!lation, the different rates of rise in emg activity were consistently found in all susc~es analyzed.
Society of Biomechanics
XII Congress 1989
1035
GRIPPING FORCES AND HAND ACCELERATION WAVES DURING THE GOLF SWING Kazuaki Kawashima and Akira Nagata Lab. of Biomechanics, Nihon University, Japan Lab. of Biontechanics, Waseda University, Japan This study has the purpose to investigate the gripping force of seven fingers of both hands and acceleration waves with two directions during the golf swing. Fourteen wales were subjected using the driver tool of the golf. The force of seven fingers and acceleration of the left hand were measured quantitively with the small sensors. Also, segmental motion analysis were practised in those golf swing by the measure of a 16 mm high speed camera cinematographically. Peak forces of the little, the ring, and the middle fingers of left hand were recorded remarkably larger swing of elite players than during that of beginners at the golf experiment &0.05). The swing of the elite were accelerated faster at prior of the impact than during that of beginners at the decline of the acceleration curve Cp
INTERACTION BETWEEN SWIMMING TECHNIQUE AND PERFORMANCE CAPACITY IN SWIMMING Kari L. Keskinen and Paavo V. Komi Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of JyvBskylL, JyvLskylY, Finland Interaction between swimming technique and performance capacity during a fitness test was studied in three groups of male competitive swimmers representing different competitive performances. Swimming technique was described by mean velocity (V), stroke rate (SR), stroke length (SL) and stroke index (SI), while blood lactate concentration (BLa) vs V curves were used to demonstrate the performance capacity of a swimmer during the test. Both SL and SI were found to follow the changes observed by BLa vs V relationships demonstrating parallel effects of endurance type of training on both physiological fitness and stroke technique. The best swimmers obtained highest values in SL and SI, which was suggested to characterise the difference between swimmers representing different competitive performances.
:4AXIKAL VOLUNTARY CONTRACTIONS OF THE LEG DURING UNILATERAL AND BILATERAL WORK Armin Kibeie and Klaus-Jtirgen Miiller Institut fiir Sport und Sportwissenschaft., Universitat Freiburg, Freiburg i. Br., FRG In compariscn to maximal, unilateral activation of the leg, a deficit has been found in both the force and the electromyogram iemg) during bilaterai activation of the homologous musculature. The objective of the present study was to quantify in detail the characteristics of the rectified and averaged emg-traces of selected extensor muscles participating in a multi-joint leg extension task. For this purpose !fe measured the emg-time-records of nine female downhill skiers iregional level) during maximal voluntary contractions of one leg when working alone, and simultaneously !rith the contralateral leg. Force-time-signals were recorded for each leg, and for both legs together. The quantification of the rectified and averaged emg-data included the calculation of the integrated emg over a fixed time interval as well as the calculation of the aaximal amplitude and the highest rate of rise of the filtered records. The quantification of the force-time-curves :ncluded the calculation of the maximal amplitude (maximal force) and the highest rate of rise. Except for the in. vastus med., sli muscles measured showed significantly more electrical activity (emg-amplitude, iemg) during the unilateral task. The rate of rise in the filtered emg-signals was found to be significantly less in the bilateral condition. While the reduced electrical activation level in bilateral contractions still remains a matter of spec:!lation, the different rates of rise in emg activity were consistently found in all susc~es analyzed.