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Intramuscular pressure. III. The action of various drugs on patients with normal intramuscular and venous pressure
424
AMERICAN
HEART
.JOURNAL
Gunther, L., Strauss, L., Henstell, H. H, and Engelberg, H.: Intramuscular sure, III. The Action of Various Drugs on Patients With Normal muscular and Venous Pressure. AX .r. M. SC. 204: 387, 1942.
PresIntra-
Observations on the action of various drugs on intramuscular and venous prossures are shown in normal individuals. The drugs which are mainly pressor in action do not alter intramuscular pressure, whereas inhalations of CO2 t.he tetanic state, and particularly the administration of coramine intravenously defiuitely raise the level of intramuscular pressure. An increase in intramuscular pressure is accompanied by an increase in venous pressure, whereas the reverse was not, olmerved. AUTiTORS.
Gunther, L., Henstell, H H, Strauss, I,., and Engelberg, H,: Intramuscular Pressure. IV. The Venopressor Mechanism During the Course of Surgical Procedures. Am. J. M. SC. 204: 394,1942. After 50 minutes of continuous surgery a drop in intramuscular pressure may precede the fall in venous pressure. In half the instances the low level of venous pressure coincided with the initial drop in intramuscular pressure, When the intramuscular pressure falls and remains low for 50 minutes or longer, a further decrease in venous pressure occurs which reaches its maximum low point concomitantly with the maximum drop in intramuscular pressure. Intramuscular pressure fell 5 minutes before the shocklike state began and the venous pressure with its full appearance 20 minutes later during a pericardial thoracentesis. Further evidence is presented which supports Henderson’s postulate in that: (a) intramuscular pressure first fails in shocklike states, and (b) with the failure of intramuscular pressure appears a failure in the maintenance of venous pressure and flow. -klJTHOtLS.
Lands,
A. M., and Johnson,
rhage.
Proc.
Sot.
Exper.
W.: Biol.
Distribution & Med.
49:
of Body Water 123,
Following
Hemor
1942.
The source of the water which dilutes circulating blood following hemorrhage was investigated by determining changes in the volume of cellular and extracellular water by comparing the volume of sulfocyanide available water both of the whole animal and of some of its organs after hemorrhage with the values Thirty to sixty minutes after injecting sodium obtained from normal animals. sulfocyanide in anesthetized cats a sample of blood was removed for analyses. Fifteen to 26 ml. of blood per kg. of body weight were then removed. Sixty to 120 minutes later another sample of blood was removed for analyses, the animal sacrificed by asphyxia and the tissues of various organs analyzed for sulfocyanide. The experimental findings were inconsistent with the concept which attributes blood dilution to the movement of a lymph-like fluid from interstitial spaces into The volume of sulfocyanide available water increased after the blood stream. The chloride concentration of serum water decreased in all experiments hemorrhage. save one. The total water and sulfocyanide available water content of cardiac muscle, pancreas, pylorus, duodenum, colon, skin and liver increased after hemorrhage. No significant differences were found in the gastrocnemius muscle and diaphragm.
Hubbard, J. P,, Preston, W. N., and Ross, R. A.: The Velocity of Blood Flow in Infants and Youug Children, Determined by Radioactive Sodium J. Clin. Investigation The velocity by determining
21:
613,
1942.
of the blood flow the time elapsed
in young between
infants and the injection
children has been measured of radioactive sodium into
AMERICAN
HEART
.JOURNAL
Gunther, L., Strauss, L., Henstell, H. H, and Engelberg, H.: Intramuscular sure, III. The Action of Various Drugs on Patients With Normal muscular and Venous Pressure. AX .r. M. SC. 204: 387, 1942.
PresIntra-
Observations on the action of various drugs on intramuscular and venous prossures are shown in normal individuals. The drugs which are mainly pressor in action do not alter intramuscular pressure, whereas inhalations of CO2 t.he tetanic state, and particularly the administration of coramine intravenously defiuitely raise the level of intramuscular pressure. An increase in intramuscular pressure is accompanied by an increase in venous pressure, whereas the reverse was not, olmerved. AUTiTORS.
Gunther, L., Henstell, H H, Strauss, I,., and Engelberg, H,: Intramuscular Pressure. IV. The Venopressor Mechanism During the Course of Surgical Procedures. Am. J. M. SC. 204: 394,1942. After 50 minutes of continuous surgery a drop in intramuscular pressure may precede the fall in venous pressure. In half the instances the low level of venous pressure coincided with the initial drop in intramuscular pressure, When the intramuscular pressure falls and remains low for 50 minutes or longer, a further decrease in venous pressure occurs which reaches its maximum low point concomitantly with the maximum drop in intramuscular pressure. Intramuscular pressure fell 5 minutes before the shocklike state began and the venous pressure with its full appearance 20 minutes later during a pericardial thoracentesis. Further evidence is presented which supports Henderson’s postulate in that: (a) intramuscular pressure first fails in shocklike states, and (b) with the failure of intramuscular pressure appears a failure in the maintenance of venous pressure and flow. -klJTHOtLS.
Lands,
A. M., and Johnson,
rhage.
Proc.
Sot.
Exper.
W.: Biol.
Distribution & Med.
49:
of Body Water 123,
Following
Hemor
1942.
The source of the water which dilutes circulating blood following hemorrhage was investigated by determining changes in the volume of cellular and extracellular water by comparing the volume of sulfocyanide available water both of the whole animal and of some of its organs after hemorrhage with the values Thirty to sixty minutes after injecting sodium obtained from normal animals. sulfocyanide in anesthetized cats a sample of blood was removed for analyses. Fifteen to 26 ml. of blood per kg. of body weight were then removed. Sixty to 120 minutes later another sample of blood was removed for analyses, the animal sacrificed by asphyxia and the tissues of various organs analyzed for sulfocyanide. The experimental findings were inconsistent with the concept which attributes blood dilution to the movement of a lymph-like fluid from interstitial spaces into The volume of sulfocyanide available water increased after the blood stream. The chloride concentration of serum water decreased in all experiments hemorrhage. save one. The total water and sulfocyanide available water content of cardiac muscle, pancreas, pylorus, duodenum, colon, skin and liver increased after hemorrhage. No significant differences were found in the gastrocnemius muscle and diaphragm.
Hubbard, J. P,, Preston, W. N., and Ross, R. A.: The Velocity of Blood Flow in Infants and Youug Children, Determined by Radioactive Sodium J. Clin. Investigation The velocity by determining
21:
613,
1942.
of the blood flow the time elapsed
in young between
infants and the injection
children has been measured of radioactive sodium into