- Email: [email protected]
Ion implantation system
the programme. A record keeping system will be set up and records kept of the monitoring readings taken. Any deteriorating trends in machine condition will be reported together with a recommended course of remedial action and an explanation of the procedures. At the end of the programme unbiased recommendations will be made regarding the economic viability of this form of planned maintenance as applied to the plant. If required, further assistance will then be given to set up a suitable large scale condition monitoring system on the plant based on an assessment of the best methods, instrumentation and record keeping system. Wolfson Industrial Maintenance Unit, University of Manchester, Simon Engineering Laboratories, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
Construction is sturdy for heavy-duty service featuring a cast aluminium one-piece body. It is also anodized for better corrosion resistance. Buna N seals are used throughout with optional materials available on request. For manifolding valves and bracket mounting, the outlet shank can be furnished with straight threads and nut for remote mounting with a female pipe thread outlet in the shank for the liquid connection. A characteristic of this valve is the porting arrangement which allows the user to select several combinations of patterns to simplify field piping and installation. Oil-Rite Corporation, 4325 Clipper Drive, PO Box 608, Manitowoc, Wisconsin, 54220, USA
Large sight glass windows on both sides of the valve are properly gasketed to prevent leakage and permit observation of the liquid stream. The sights can easily be removed for cleaning or replacement without disconnecting the valve. Threaded retaining rings on both sides secure the glass with full circumferential support for excellent sight pressure integrity. The bulls-eye or sights are vented through a 3 mm (1/8") female pipe thread. This vent may be used for air pressurizing to accommodate remote mounting of the valve.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
The first stages will include an extensive experience review, and hot corrosion and wear tests by the main contractors to the project, Ricardo Engineering, Cranfield Institute of Technology, and Jnternational Research and Development Co. These will be supplemented by in-house work by the participants on the mechanical properties of the materials and on the development of new coating compositions. The final stages of the project will involve valve fabrication from the newly developed materials and engine testing in the collaborators' test houses and in service. National Corrosion Coordination Centre, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, TWl I 0LW, UK
Ion implantation system
Feed valve for visual observation Visual observation of a liquid stream is possible with the universal pattern bulls-eye sight feed valve developed by Oil-Rite. As well as allowing the observation from a distance, the unit can control the volume of flow by an adjustable needle valve, and can regulate it from full flow to a complete shut-off. Tamper-proof needle valves are also available requiring a wrench and screwdriver for adjustment thus discouraging unauthorized persons from adjusting the setting. It is suitable for steam and gas engines, or any bearing where a large amount of oil is required for lubricating and cooling.
Centre at the National Physical Laboratory.
Surface treatment processing facilities offered by Tecvac now include the 221 ion implantation system. This means that processing and equipment for both ion implantation and titanium nitride coating are now available. The company will be offering processing time in-house and will also offer the complete system on the market. It is already using the ion implantation technique for a wide range of products, from medical instruments to drills to extrusion screws used for filled plastic mouldings, the latter being a very big wear problem.
Bulls-Eye valve from Oil-Rite has glass windows on both sides o f the valve to allow visual observation o f the stream
Diesel exhaust valves project The Department of Trade and Industry and Shell Research have joined with a number of UK diesel valve, engine, coating and alloy manufacturers in a collaborative venture to develop improved materials and coatings for marine diesel exhaust valves operating with impure fuels. The £353 000 R&D programme will run for three years and will be operated by the National Corrosion Coordination
Ion implantation is a Harwell development which Tecvac refined under licence. Using a high voltage electric field under vacuum, nitrogen ions are accelerated onto the host metal. This makes no difference to the dimensions of the host metal so that precision tools and components remain within tolerances. Since processing temperature is usually lower than 180°C there is no need for re-heat treatment after the hardening takes place, and no risk of distortion. The 221 runs unattended - j u s t load, set the dose and press the start button - and has a standard chamber of 500 mm cube. Larger, smaller, longer
355
and shorter chambers are practicable. The ion source's flux is 1.2 x 1014 ion/s/era 2 , beam footprint is 100 mm x 165 mm, and treatment time is around 100 min for the average load. The major change with the new machine is the ion source, which comes as a separate module mounted on the outside wall of the chamber so it can be separately pumped to remain under vacuum while the chamber is open. Sources can be mounted on the top, bottom, sides or rear of the chamber and more than one can be used at the same time. Line of sight operation with multiple sources on different axes eliminates the need for complex manipulation systems for the workpiece, but attachments will be available for ultra-complex manipulation and for ion beam mixing, ion assisted coatings, metallic species up to 1200°C and for analysed beams. Tecvac Ltd, Main Street, Stow-cum-Quy, Cambridge, CB5 9AB, UK
Consultancybureau in FRG The total direct monetary loss in the FRG due to friction and wear has been estimated at around DM 40 billion per annum. A study has shown that these losses could be cut by as much as 50% through making full use of the knowledge gained over the past few years in the field of tribology. In cooperation with the German Tribology Society, the Federal Ministry for Research and Technology (BMFT) agreed to fund the setting up of a special tribology consultancy bureau to make this knowledge available to as wide a cross-section of industry as possible. The advice given by this office is based on the findings of publicly supported research projects and also the findings of industrial research insofar as these have been made publicly available. The office is also highly dependent on the cooperation of scientists and other experienced people working in institutes and associations. As a starting aid until the office has had a chance to make itself known to industry and hence become self-
356
supporting, the BMFT has funded the project with a total of DM 1.4 million until the end of 1987. The service is aimed primarily at small and mediumsized firms with a turnover of up to DM 50 million which do not have research facilities of their own. It is hoped to be able to offer the services free of charge to such firms up to the end of 1987, but this of course will depend to a certain degree on the number of firms that use the service and the scale and complexity of the tribology problems involved. Other firms will probably have to carry anything between 30% and 100% of the costs depending on their size. TGB-BeratungssteUe im Technologic Zentrum Dortmund, Emil-Figge-Str 76, D 4600 Dortmund-Barop, FRG
Materials engineering conference A series of international conferences and associated exhibitions is being developed by the Institute of Metals in the field of materials engineering. The first event in the series will be Materials '87-Processing and Property Control, to be held in London, UK from 13-15 May 1987. One aim of the conference is the crossfertilization between different specialist fields dealing with metals, ceramics, .polymers and composites. Subjects covered will range from fundamental considerations of structure and property control to technological aspects of materials process engineering. The Institute of Metals, 1 Carlton House Terrace, London, SWlY 5DB, UK
Tribology Gold Medal The 1985 Tribology Gold Medal, awarded by the Tribology Trust for supreme achievement in the field of tribology, has been presented to Professor Kenneth Johnson of Cambridge University. His work in the field of contact mechanics was particularly recognized. Professor Johnson joined Cambridge University in 1954, and in 1967 he
Professor K. L. Johnson, winner of the Tribology Gold Medal began research into the phenomena associated with lubricated rolling contact traction. The ultimate result of this research is a constitutive equation for the fluid film referred to as the Johnson-Tevaarwerk Model; it is used by many of the major industries involved in the design and development of rolling element bearings, transmissions and traction drives. In parallel with this work, he published papers on the regimes of elastohydrodynamic lubrication, the lubrication of rough spheres, shake-dowfi limits of plastic contacts and many others of great interest to the tribology world, earning him great respect from researchers all over the world. Another major field of study in tribology has been the investigation of lubricant rheology in concentrated contacts. This study has enabled EHD theory (which determines the overall film shape and pressure distributions in highly stressed conjunctions) to be used with confidence in the predictions of traction coefficients and power loss. Professor Johnson's other contributions include studies of surface interactions involving both elastic and plastic contact; his work on the contact between railway wheels and tracks in recent years is widely recognized internationally. Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1 Birdcage Walk, Westminster, London SW1H 9JJ, UK
December 85 Vol 18 No 6
Construction is sturdy for heavy-duty service featuring a cast aluminium one-piece body. It is also anodized for better corrosion resistance. Buna N seals are used throughout with optional materials available on request. For manifolding valves and bracket mounting, the outlet shank can be furnished with straight threads and nut for remote mounting with a female pipe thread outlet in the shank for the liquid connection. A characteristic of this valve is the porting arrangement which allows the user to select several combinations of patterns to simplify field piping and installation. Oil-Rite Corporation, 4325 Clipper Drive, PO Box 608, Manitowoc, Wisconsin, 54220, USA
Large sight glass windows on both sides of the valve are properly gasketed to prevent leakage and permit observation of the liquid stream. The sights can easily be removed for cleaning or replacement without disconnecting the valve. Threaded retaining rings on both sides secure the glass with full circumferential support for excellent sight pressure integrity. The bulls-eye or sights are vented through a 3 mm (1/8") female pipe thread. This vent may be used for air pressurizing to accommodate remote mounting of the valve.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
The first stages will include an extensive experience review, and hot corrosion and wear tests by the main contractors to the project, Ricardo Engineering, Cranfield Institute of Technology, and Jnternational Research and Development Co. These will be supplemented by in-house work by the participants on the mechanical properties of the materials and on the development of new coating compositions. The final stages of the project will involve valve fabrication from the newly developed materials and engine testing in the collaborators' test houses and in service. National Corrosion Coordination Centre, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, TWl I 0LW, UK
Ion implantation system
Feed valve for visual observation Visual observation of a liquid stream is possible with the universal pattern bulls-eye sight feed valve developed by Oil-Rite. As well as allowing the observation from a distance, the unit can control the volume of flow by an adjustable needle valve, and can regulate it from full flow to a complete shut-off. Tamper-proof needle valves are also available requiring a wrench and screwdriver for adjustment thus discouraging unauthorized persons from adjusting the setting. It is suitable for steam and gas engines, or any bearing where a large amount of oil is required for lubricating and cooling.
Centre at the National Physical Laboratory.
Surface treatment processing facilities offered by Tecvac now include the 221 ion implantation system. This means that processing and equipment for both ion implantation and titanium nitride coating are now available. The company will be offering processing time in-house and will also offer the complete system on the market. It is already using the ion implantation technique for a wide range of products, from medical instruments to drills to extrusion screws used for filled plastic mouldings, the latter being a very big wear problem.
Bulls-Eye valve from Oil-Rite has glass windows on both sides o f the valve to allow visual observation o f the stream
Diesel exhaust valves project The Department of Trade and Industry and Shell Research have joined with a number of UK diesel valve, engine, coating and alloy manufacturers in a collaborative venture to develop improved materials and coatings for marine diesel exhaust valves operating with impure fuels. The £353 000 R&D programme will run for three years and will be operated by the National Corrosion Coordination
Ion implantation is a Harwell development which Tecvac refined under licence. Using a high voltage electric field under vacuum, nitrogen ions are accelerated onto the host metal. This makes no difference to the dimensions of the host metal so that precision tools and components remain within tolerances. Since processing temperature is usually lower than 180°C there is no need for re-heat treatment after the hardening takes place, and no risk of distortion. The 221 runs unattended - j u s t load, set the dose and press the start button - and has a standard chamber of 500 mm cube. Larger, smaller, longer
355
and shorter chambers are practicable. The ion source's flux is 1.2 x 1014 ion/s/era 2 , beam footprint is 100 mm x 165 mm, and treatment time is around 100 min for the average load. The major change with the new machine is the ion source, which comes as a separate module mounted on the outside wall of the chamber so it can be separately pumped to remain under vacuum while the chamber is open. Sources can be mounted on the top, bottom, sides or rear of the chamber and more than one can be used at the same time. Line of sight operation with multiple sources on different axes eliminates the need for complex manipulation systems for the workpiece, but attachments will be available for ultra-complex manipulation and for ion beam mixing, ion assisted coatings, metallic species up to 1200°C and for analysed beams. Tecvac Ltd, Main Street, Stow-cum-Quy, Cambridge, CB5 9AB, UK
Consultancybureau in FRG The total direct monetary loss in the FRG due to friction and wear has been estimated at around DM 40 billion per annum. A study has shown that these losses could be cut by as much as 50% through making full use of the knowledge gained over the past few years in the field of tribology. In cooperation with the German Tribology Society, the Federal Ministry for Research and Technology (BMFT) agreed to fund the setting up of a special tribology consultancy bureau to make this knowledge available to as wide a cross-section of industry as possible. The advice given by this office is based on the findings of publicly supported research projects and also the findings of industrial research insofar as these have been made publicly available. The office is also highly dependent on the cooperation of scientists and other experienced people working in institutes and associations. As a starting aid until the office has had a chance to make itself known to industry and hence become self-
356
supporting, the BMFT has funded the project with a total of DM 1.4 million until the end of 1987. The service is aimed primarily at small and mediumsized firms with a turnover of up to DM 50 million which do not have research facilities of their own. It is hoped to be able to offer the services free of charge to such firms up to the end of 1987, but this of course will depend to a certain degree on the number of firms that use the service and the scale and complexity of the tribology problems involved. Other firms will probably have to carry anything between 30% and 100% of the costs depending on their size. TGB-BeratungssteUe im Technologic Zentrum Dortmund, Emil-Figge-Str 76, D 4600 Dortmund-Barop, FRG
Materials engineering conference A series of international conferences and associated exhibitions is being developed by the Institute of Metals in the field of materials engineering. The first event in the series will be Materials '87-Processing and Property Control, to be held in London, UK from 13-15 May 1987. One aim of the conference is the crossfertilization between different specialist fields dealing with metals, ceramics, .polymers and composites. Subjects covered will range from fundamental considerations of structure and property control to technological aspects of materials process engineering. The Institute of Metals, 1 Carlton House Terrace, London, SWlY 5DB, UK
Tribology Gold Medal The 1985 Tribology Gold Medal, awarded by the Tribology Trust for supreme achievement in the field of tribology, has been presented to Professor Kenneth Johnson of Cambridge University. His work in the field of contact mechanics was particularly recognized. Professor Johnson joined Cambridge University in 1954, and in 1967 he
Professor K. L. Johnson, winner of the Tribology Gold Medal began research into the phenomena associated with lubricated rolling contact traction. The ultimate result of this research is a constitutive equation for the fluid film referred to as the Johnson-Tevaarwerk Model; it is used by many of the major industries involved in the design and development of rolling element bearings, transmissions and traction drives. In parallel with this work, he published papers on the regimes of elastohydrodynamic lubrication, the lubrication of rough spheres, shake-dowfi limits of plastic contacts and many others of great interest to the tribology world, earning him great respect from researchers all over the world. Another major field of study in tribology has been the investigation of lubricant rheology in concentrated contacts. This study has enabled EHD theory (which determines the overall film shape and pressure distributions in highly stressed conjunctions) to be used with confidence in the predictions of traction coefficients and power loss. Professor Johnson's other contributions include studies of surface interactions involving both elastic and plastic contact; his work on the contact between railway wheels and tracks in recent years is widely recognized internationally. Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1 Birdcage Walk, Westminster, London SW1H 9JJ, UK
December 85 Vol 18 No 6