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Japanese matches
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Japanese Matches. By R. TREVOR CLARKE. From the London Chemical News, No. 267.
The curious little Japanese fire-work, or one closely allied to it, has been long known to me. I saw it, when a boy, exhibited by an Italian juggler under the name of "garofanetti," or "pinks," alluding to the starry flower-like coruscations produced by it. The sorcerer was, of course, reticent as to the formula, but I set to work and finally succeeded in finding it out. It is a form of the beautiful and very curious spur-fire of the Chinese,--so curious as to be worth scientific investigation. I enclose specimens, and here follows formula : Lamp-black 5, sulphur 11, gunpowder from 26 to 30 parts, this last proportion variable with the quality of the powder. Grind very fine, and make the material into a paste with alcohol. Form it into dice, with a knife or spatula, about a quarter of an inch square. Let them dry rather gradually~ as on a warm mantel-piece, not too near a fire. When dry, fix one the little squares in a small cleft made at the end of a lavender stalk, or, what is better, the solid, straw-like material of which house-maids' carpet brooms are made, (panicular stems of Arundo donax.) Light the material at a candle, hold the stem downwards, and await the result. After the first blazing off a ball of molten lava will form, from which the curious coruscations will soon appear.
For the Journal of the Franklin Institute.
The Working Processes for the .Reduction of the (~ray Copper (Tetra. hedrite) Ores at Stefanshikte, in the 5'omitat (County) of Zips, in t[ungary. By J. L. KLSINSCnMIDT. The proper working of the gray copper ores is one of the most diiit. cult metallurgical processes.. At the Stefanshtltte it is now done on a larger scale than any where else in the world. These works, whic~ received a prize medal at the London Exhibition of 1862, were estab~ ]islled 16 years ago, and produce, at present, about 300 tons of copper, ~000 lbs. of silver, 60,000 lbs. of quicksilver, and 80,000 lbs. of crud~ metallic antimony. ~he works built for the smelting of the gray copl~ t use of yellow ores only poor quartzose ones, which are necessary f ~ fluxing. The processes, therefore, have a character quite different from that in other places, where the gray copper ores form only a small part of the materials to be melted. One of the main progresses in tl~ last years is the production of metallic antimony from gray copper ores, since more than one-half of the regulus antimonii, which comet • in the market from Hungary, is now produced from these ores. ~: The pure gray copper ores contain, according to the analyses o f Yon Hauer, (Jahrbuch der Geolog. Reichsanstalt, 1852. Heft 4~ page 102 :)
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Japanese Matches. By R. TREVOR CLARKE. From the London Chemical News, No. 267.
The curious little Japanese fire-work, or one closely allied to it, has been long known to me. I saw it, when a boy, exhibited by an Italian juggler under the name of "garofanetti," or "pinks," alluding to the starry flower-like coruscations produced by it. The sorcerer was, of course, reticent as to the formula, but I set to work and finally succeeded in finding it out. It is a form of the beautiful and very curious spur-fire of the Chinese,--so curious as to be worth scientific investigation. I enclose specimens, and here follows formula : Lamp-black 5, sulphur 11, gunpowder from 26 to 30 parts, this last proportion variable with the quality of the powder. Grind very fine, and make the material into a paste with alcohol. Form it into dice, with a knife or spatula, about a quarter of an inch square. Let them dry rather gradually~ as on a warm mantel-piece, not too near a fire. When dry, fix one the little squares in a small cleft made at the end of a lavender stalk, or, what is better, the solid, straw-like material of which house-maids' carpet brooms are made, (panicular stems of Arundo donax.) Light the material at a candle, hold the stem downwards, and await the result. After the first blazing off a ball of molten lava will form, from which the curious coruscations will soon appear.
For the Journal of the Franklin Institute.
The Working Processes for the .Reduction of the (~ray Copper (Tetra. hedrite) Ores at Stefanshikte, in the 5'omitat (County) of Zips, in t[ungary. By J. L. KLSINSCnMIDT. The proper working of the gray copper ores is one of the most diiit. cult metallurgical processes.. At the Stefanshtltte it is now done on a larger scale than any where else in the world. These works, whic~ received a prize medal at the London Exhibition of 1862, were estab~ ]islled 16 years ago, and produce, at present, about 300 tons of copper, ~000 lbs. of silver, 60,000 lbs. of quicksilver, and 80,000 lbs. of crud~ metallic antimony. ~he works built for the smelting of the gray copl~ t use of yellow ores only poor quartzose ones, which are necessary f ~ fluxing. The processes, therefore, have a character quite different from that in other places, where the gray copper ores form only a small part of the materials to be melted. One of the main progresses in tl~ last years is the production of metallic antimony from gray copper ores, since more than one-half of the regulus antimonii, which comet • in the market from Hungary, is now produced from these ores. ~: The pure gray copper ores contain, according to the analyses o f Yon Hauer, (Jahrbuch der Geolog. Reichsanstalt, 1852. Heft 4~ page 102 :)