- Email: [email protected]
JVIR Publication Information for Authors
JVIR
I Publication Information I for Authors The Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology is published under the supervision of the Society of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology (SCVIR) and in collaboration with the Radiological Society of North America, Inc (RSNA). No responsibility is accepted by the Editor, the SCVIR, or the RSNA for opinions expressed by contributors. Neither the Editor nor the SCVIR nor the RSNA guarantees, warrants, or endorses any product or service advertised in this publication or described in its contents. Neither do they guarantee any claims made by the manufacturer(s) of such product(s) or service(s). JVIR is devoted to the timely publication of clinical and laboratory studies in the field of vascular and interventional radiology. The Journal publishes selected peer-reviewed papers presented a t the annual meeting of the SCVIR, as well as original articles from members and nonmembers of the SCVIR. Certain selected original JVIR articles of appropriate scope and importance may be republished in Radiology a t the discretion of the Editors and with the permission of the authods). Likewise, certain papers published in Radiology may be republished in JVIR. In addition to these original clinical and laboratory papers, regular features of the Journal include (1) Critical Issues in Vascular and Interventional Radiology-articles of critical importance to those practicing vascular and interventional radiology. They may be invited papers or statements that issue from SCVIR committees, such as practice guidelines. They may be authored by vascular and interventional radiologists or by others. (2) Partners in Patient Care-articles of importance in the general care of patients undergoing vascular and interventional procedures. In general, authors for this section will represent nonradiology clinical disciplines. These may include gastroenterology, cardiology, vascular or general surgery, infectious diseases, urology, and others. (3)Interventional Radiology Rounds-articles that describe a unique or innovative interventional approach to a difficult case or group of cases. The article will be followed by a discussion by experts in vascular and interventional radiology and other related fields. Other regular features include Letters to the Editor, Book Reviews, and Abstracts of Current Literature. The instructions below conform with the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals (JAMA 1993; 269:2282-2286). Once accepted, manuscripts are also subject to copyediting to conform to the Journal's standards. Manuscripts accepted become the property of the Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology and may not be published in whole or in part without the express written permission of the author(s) and the Journal. Permission to reproduce material published in the Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology must also be obtained from the Editor.
Manuscripts should be addressed to: Daniel Picus, M S E d i t o r , JVIR JVIR Editorial Office Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Washington University School of Medicine 510 S Kingshighway Blvd S t Louis, MO 63110 (314) 747-JVIR [747-58471 fax (314) 747-5848 e-mail [email protected]
PUBLICATIONS STAFF Robert S. Bolan, PhD, SCVIR Executive Director and Business Manager Delmar J. Stauffer, RSNA Executive Director and Business Manager Roberta E. Arnold, Assistant Executive Director: Publications and Education Cathy D. Mendelsohn, Managing Editor Thomas A. Shimala, Director of Advertising Joseph Taylor, Director of Publications Carol A. Douglas, Graphics and Production Manager Wayne K. Larsen, Production Estella Ramirez, Editorial Assistant Ann Blair, Operations Manager Andrea Carroll, Schedule Coordinator
COPYRIGHT A N D The copyright agreement must accompany the initial submission of all manuscripts for regular articles. case reports. editorials, commentaAes, criticil issues pape;s, letters, and technical notes. All authors of any single composition must sign this agreement. In the case of officers or employees of the U.S. government, the SCVIR recognizes that works prepared as part of their official government duties are in the public domain, but they must still sign the copyright agreement.
FINANCIAL INTEREST
1
Advances in the field of vascular and interventional radiology are intimately related to advances in imaging and catheter technolom. It is both natural and common for investigators to initiate, stimulate, support, direct, analyze, create,-modify, improve on. and implement these advances. It is also natural foisuch leading individuals to write original scientific manuscripts describing their work. Yet when authors of scientific papers have financial relationships with sponsoring companies or organizations about whose products or services they are reporting, a real or perceived conflict of interest may arise. Editors must be advised of such relationships, so that they may make a careful assessment of each situation. Therefore, all authors of original papers submitted to JVIR must complete the financial interest portion of the copyright agreement, then sign in the appropriate blank. Any author who, by completing the financial interest section of the JVIR copyright agreement, indicates that he/ she has a financial interest in a company or organization whose products or services are described in the manuscript, must submit a brief accompanying statement describing that relationship. This should be in the form of a short paragraph signed by the author. Only after careful consideration of this information can the Editor make an informed decision about the existence of a real or perceived conflict of interest. When, for a given author, the Editor determines that a situation of
PUBLICATION INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS Continued real or perceived conflict may exist, the author will be so identified with a footnote by hisher name on the first page of the published paper.
MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION Original writings will be accepted only with the understanding that they are contributed solely to JVIR. Manuscripts should be typewritten and double- or preferably triple-spaced (all pages) on only one side of the paper with at least 3-cm margins. If the manuscript is produced using a dot matrix printer, appropriate steps should be taken to assure legibility (eg, printers could be set in the double-strike mode). Each manuscript component should begin on a new page in this order: Title page, Abstract, Text, Acknowledgments, References, Tables (each on a separate page), and Captions for illustrations. The title page and abstract page should not be numbered. Sequential numbering should begin with the Introduction. Four copies of the manuscript and four complete sets of mounted figures should be submitted. Because accepted manuscripts will not be returned, the author should retain a copy. Receipt of each manuscript is acknowledged; please allow 10-15 days from the time you mailed the manuscript for receipt of an acknowledgment. Because JVIR is now edited electronically, authors of accepted papers are required to submit their revised manuscripts on computer diskettes in addition to hard copy. High-density 5%-inch diskettes are preferred, but high-density 3'12-inch diskettes may be submitted. Personal computer files in WordPerfect 4.2 or later are preferred, but other word processing programs--Microsoft Word for PC or Mac or WordPerfect for Macare acceptable. Use minimal formatting with all programs and indicate which program was used. Files prepared in any other word processing program should be saved unformatted in text only (ASCII), and the program used should be indicated. Label diskettes with name and manuscript number. The entire article should be submitted as a single text file, with the elements in the standard order: Title Page, Abstract, Text, Acknowledgments, References, Captions, Tables. Only the final version of the manuscript should be on the submitted disk. Leave text ragged right (nojustification). IMPORTANT: Do not use the table function of your word processor to create tables. Also, do not use the space bar in tables. Use tabs to separate columns and hard returns to separate rows. Do not use centering tabs or other codes for centering anywhere in manuscript. Insert only one space after punctuation marks. Do not use embedded endnotes to create reference lists or for figure and table citations. A s always, double-space your manuscript (including references and tables).
TITLE PAGE This page should include: (1)the full title of the manuscript; (2) the first names, middle initials, last names, and degrees of all authors; (3) the name and street address (not P.O. box) of the institution from which the work originated; and (4) the complete name, address, zip code, telephone number, and Fax
number of the corresponding author. In the event that a manuscript is identified on its title page or in its content as having emanated from a particular institution, it will be assumed that the requisite approval of that institution has been obtained by the authors. If the paper has been presented at an SCVIR meeting or has been accepted for presentation at an SCVIR meeting, a statement to that effect including the year of presentation should be provided at the bottom of the title page. A blind title page (without the author names) should be included with each copy of the manuscript for use in the review process.
ABSTRACT Abstracts are required for all major papers. Technical notes, case reports and Interventional Radiology Rounds have no abstract. The abstract should be no longer than approximately 150 words and should be organized into four paragraphs.
PURPOSE: Outline the goal or objective of the manuscript including the specific hypothesis under examination. The purpose should also be reflected in the title of the manuscript. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Briefly and succinctly describe the experimental methods, including what was done and how the data were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Findings should be presented here. What observations were made? Include as much specific data as possible including P values and other indicators of statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: The conclusions should flow directly and logically from the information presented in the abstract. Emphasize here what you want the reader to retain as the major conclusion of your study. NOTE: Unstructured abstracts may be used for review articles, including Partners in Patient Care.
KEY W O R D S Below the abstract, three to six key words derived from the RSNA Index to Imaging Literature should be listed. For case reports and technical notes (no abstract required) the key words should be on a separate page. The key words will assist the indexers who must classify the paper under specific subject headings.
TEXT The text of a clinical or laboratory manuscript contains a series of sections that follow the title page and abstract. The headings of these sections are Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion. Lengthy papers may require subheadings within some sections to clarify their content.
Introduction: This section should (1)adequately but not extensively (ie, using strictly pertinent references only) describe the background information, experience,and literature leading up to the present study, and (2) clearly state the purpose of the study.
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PUBLICATION INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS Continued Methods: Selection of animal or human subjects should be described clearly. Details of materials (including manufacturer's name and location [city and state] in parentheses) and methods should be presented in sufficient detail to enable readers to reproduce the study. References should be made to established methods that have been published, with particular emphasis on those that are not well known. New or substantially modified methods should be described, supported with rationale, and critically evaluated for real and potential limitations. Numbers of observations and statistical significance of the methods should be reported where appropriate. Detailed statistical analyses and mathematical derivations may sometimes be suitably presented in one or more appendices. When methods are sufficiently complex to warrant partitioning into subheadings, the precise divisions should be carefully considered. In general, each division should be of sufficient independent importance that (1)separate observations or data points will be recorded for that subheading in the Results section, or (2) it requires separate treatment in the Discussion section of the manuscript. Manuscripts reporting research involving human subjects must include a statement in the Methods section indicating approval by the institutional review board and noting that informed consent was obtained from each patient. Manuscripts reporting research involving animals must include a statement in the Methods section that either the protocol was approved by the institutional animal care committee or that the animal care complied with the "Principles of Laboratory Animal Care" (formulated by the National Society for Medical Research) and the "Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals" (NIH Publication no. 80-23, revised 1985). Results: All data and observations should be reported in logical sequence in the text, tables, and illustrations. Do not repeat in the text all the data in the tables andlor illustrations; summarize only important observations. Complex reports may require subheadings in the Results section. In general, these subsections parallel subsections of methods. Only data and observations relevant to the individual subsection should be included in each one. Repetition of results reported in other subsections should be avoided. Discussion: Emphasize the new and important aspects of the study and conclusions that follow from them. Do not repeat in detail the data given in the Results section. Include in the Discussion the implications of the findings and their limitations, and relate the observations to other relevant studies. Link the conclusions with the goals of the study, but avoid unqualified statements and conclusions not supported completely by the data. Avoid claiming priority and alluding to work that has not been completed. State new hypotheses when warranted, but clearly label them as such. Recommendations, when appropriate, may be included.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Acknowledgments should start on a new page following the end of the text. Authors are responsible for obtaining permission from persons acknowledged for reasons other than technical, secretarial, or financial support, because readers may infer an endorsement of the data and conclusions.
REFERENCES Number the references consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned. The abbreviations used for periodicals cited in the references should follow the style of Index Medicus. For journal articles, list surnames and initials of all authors when six or less, such as: 1. Graham DJ, Alexander JJ. The effects of thrombin on bovine aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells. J Vasc Surg 1990; 11:307-313. When seven or more authors are listed, only the first three names need to be identified, followed by "et al," such as: 1. Patchell RA, Tibbs PA, Walsh JW, et al. A randomized trial of surgery in the treatment of single metastases to the brain. N Engl J Med 1990; 322:494-500. Abstracts, editorials, and letters to the editor should be noted as such. In the case of books, the authors of a chapter, title of the chapter, editor(s), title of the book, edition, city, publisher, year, and specific pages must be provided. 1. Brief DK, Brener BJ. Extraanatomic bypasses. In: Wilson SE, Veith FJ, Hobson RW, Williams RA, eds. Vascular surgery: principles and practice. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1987; 414-424. Please be sure that all documentation is accurate.
TABLES Tables should be referred to in the text, numbered sequentially in Arabic numerals, and have a title. All abbreviations used in the table should be explained in a footnote. Tables should be presented in the style used in the Journal. No vertical lines or shading should be included. Avoid excessive use of horizontal lines within the table.
ILLUSTRATIONS Illustrations should be limited to those required to show the essential features described in the paper. Unretouched glossy prints no larger than 20 x 25 cm (8 x 10 in) are desirable. Prints to be combined into one cut, such as anteroposterior and lateral views, should be the same height to facilitate reproduction. A tissue or transparent overlay may be used to designate the significant points of the illustrations. Drawings and charts should be rendered professionally in India ink on white paper. All photographs and drawings must be numbered and the top indicated on the back. For protection against loss or damage, each figure should then be neatly attached to paper (one illustration per page) and the number and top should be reindicated on this page. For attachment, avoid using glue, staples, or corner mounts. Because it holds the illustration securely to the page without damage, we recommend Scotch Removable Magic Tape (3M, St Paul, MN). Please do not add letters or numbers to the face of the illustration to identify the figure (such as 1Aor 1B).This will be done during the printing process. Arrows should not be placed on radiographs prior to
PUBLICATION INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS Concluded photography for print production; they should be placed on the final print and should be removable. If arrows, letters, and numbers are added to prints, they must be of professional quality and must be removable. Professional artist service is available to authors without charge. The desired additions may simply be indicated on tissue or a transparent overlay attached to the print. Illustrations become the property of SCVIR and will be stored for 2 years after publication. Illustrations will be returned only on receipt of a written request from the corresponding author. We suggest that authors make and retain a set of figures in addition to the four sets submitted to the Journal. Electronic publishing at the RSNA Publications Department, coupled with new image scanning technology that improves halftone production, has created the opportunity for streamlining the publication process. At the same time, quality will be enhanced. As a result, authors will no longer routinely receive photoproofs of their images. As in the past, the Publications Department and the Editorial Office will be reponsible for image quality at the proof stage and, most important, in the printed journal.
CAPTIONS FOR ILLUSTRATIONS A caption must be supplied for each illustration and should not duplicate text material. All figure captions should appear collectively on one or more pages separate from the text, and each caption should also appear below the corresponding illustration.
CASE REPORTS A N D TECHNICAL NOTES A case report is a short note describing an unusual problem or procedure of interest to interventional radiologists. A technical note is a short description of a new technique, a modification of a common technique, or a description of new equipment that pertains to interventional radiology. Case reports and technical notes are evaluated for publication in the Journal using different criteria than those used for major papers. Authors should indicate that they are writing a case report or technical note by using the format outlined below. Format: No abstract is provided. A brief introduction should explain the background and special interest of the case or technique. For case reports, no more than two cases should be described in detail. The discussion section should focus on why this particular case or technique is important. The relevance of the case or technique to interventional radiologists should be emphasized.
LETTERS T O THE EDITOR Letters to the Editor can be used to offer commentary on any material published in JVIR. Letters to the Editor may
also be used to convey material of more general interest to vascular and interventional radiologists. Letters to the Editor require the same transfer of copyright agreement and financial interest disclosure as original manuscripts. Format: Letters should be double- or triple-spaced on only one side of the paper with a t least 3-cm margins. The length should be limited to three pages including a maximum of four references. Only one figure can be submitted with a Letter to the Editor. Authorship should be limited to four individuals. Letters to the Editor are accepted at the discretion of the editor.
B O O K REVIEWS Any person who would like to help in reviewing books forJVIR should contact: Arthur C. Waltman, MD Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital 32 Fruit St Boston MA 02114
UNITS A N D ABBREVIATIONS Radiation measurements and laboratory values should be given in the International System of Units (SI) (resources: SI Units in Radiation Protection and Measurements, NCRP Report no. 82 [August 19851; "Now Read This: The SI Units Are Here," JAMA 1986;255:2329-2339). Blood pressure should still be reported in millimeters of mercury. Abbreviations must be spelled out when first used in the text, such as "superficial femoral artery (SFA)." Laboratory slang, clinical jargon, and uncommon abbreviations should be avoided. Discussion of previous literature and material presented must be restricted to the significant findings.
RIGHTS A N D PERMISSIONS Written permission must be granted by the publisher and author to reproduce any previously published figures, and any such material must be clearly noted and its source given in the manuscript. A letter of permission must accompany photographs of patients or health care personnel if they could possibly be recognized; otherwise, the eyes must be blocked out to prevent identification.
AUTHOR RESPONSIBILITY Authors must be certain that no manuscript on the same or similar material has been or will be submitted to another journal by themselves or others a t their institution before their work appears in JVIR. The submission by authors nf similar material to advertising media must be indicated at the time JVIR receives the manuscript.
I Publication Information I for Authors The Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology is published under the supervision of the Society of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology (SCVIR) and in collaboration with the Radiological Society of North America, Inc (RSNA). No responsibility is accepted by the Editor, the SCVIR, or the RSNA for opinions expressed by contributors. Neither the Editor nor the SCVIR nor the RSNA guarantees, warrants, or endorses any product or service advertised in this publication or described in its contents. Neither do they guarantee any claims made by the manufacturer(s) of such product(s) or service(s). JVIR is devoted to the timely publication of clinical and laboratory studies in the field of vascular and interventional radiology. The Journal publishes selected peer-reviewed papers presented a t the annual meeting of the SCVIR, as well as original articles from members and nonmembers of the SCVIR. Certain selected original JVIR articles of appropriate scope and importance may be republished in Radiology a t the discretion of the Editors and with the permission of the authods). Likewise, certain papers published in Radiology may be republished in JVIR. In addition to these original clinical and laboratory papers, regular features of the Journal include (1) Critical Issues in Vascular and Interventional Radiology-articles of critical importance to those practicing vascular and interventional radiology. They may be invited papers or statements that issue from SCVIR committees, such as practice guidelines. They may be authored by vascular and interventional radiologists or by others. (2) Partners in Patient Care-articles of importance in the general care of patients undergoing vascular and interventional procedures. In general, authors for this section will represent nonradiology clinical disciplines. These may include gastroenterology, cardiology, vascular or general surgery, infectious diseases, urology, and others. (3)Interventional Radiology Rounds-articles that describe a unique or innovative interventional approach to a difficult case or group of cases. The article will be followed by a discussion by experts in vascular and interventional radiology and other related fields. Other regular features include Letters to the Editor, Book Reviews, and Abstracts of Current Literature. The instructions below conform with the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals (JAMA 1993; 269:2282-2286). Once accepted, manuscripts are also subject to copyediting to conform to the Journal's standards. Manuscripts accepted become the property of the Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology and may not be published in whole or in part without the express written permission of the author(s) and the Journal. Permission to reproduce material published in the Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology must also be obtained from the Editor.
Manuscripts should be addressed to: Daniel Picus, M S E d i t o r , JVIR JVIR Editorial Office Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Washington University School of Medicine 510 S Kingshighway Blvd S t Louis, MO 63110 (314) 747-JVIR [747-58471 fax (314) 747-5848 e-mail [email protected]
PUBLICATIONS STAFF Robert S. Bolan, PhD, SCVIR Executive Director and Business Manager Delmar J. Stauffer, RSNA Executive Director and Business Manager Roberta E. Arnold, Assistant Executive Director: Publications and Education Cathy D. Mendelsohn, Managing Editor Thomas A. Shimala, Director of Advertising Joseph Taylor, Director of Publications Carol A. Douglas, Graphics and Production Manager Wayne K. Larsen, Production Estella Ramirez, Editorial Assistant Ann Blair, Operations Manager Andrea Carroll, Schedule Coordinator
COPYRIGHT A N D The copyright agreement must accompany the initial submission of all manuscripts for regular articles. case reports. editorials, commentaAes, criticil issues pape;s, letters, and technical notes. All authors of any single composition must sign this agreement. In the case of officers or employees of the U.S. government, the SCVIR recognizes that works prepared as part of their official government duties are in the public domain, but they must still sign the copyright agreement.
FINANCIAL INTEREST
1
Advances in the field of vascular and interventional radiology are intimately related to advances in imaging and catheter technolom. It is both natural and common for investigators to initiate, stimulate, support, direct, analyze, create,-modify, improve on. and implement these advances. It is also natural foisuch leading individuals to write original scientific manuscripts describing their work. Yet when authors of scientific papers have financial relationships with sponsoring companies or organizations about whose products or services they are reporting, a real or perceived conflict of interest may arise. Editors must be advised of such relationships, so that they may make a careful assessment of each situation. Therefore, all authors of original papers submitted to JVIR must complete the financial interest portion of the copyright agreement, then sign in the appropriate blank. Any author who, by completing the financial interest section of the JVIR copyright agreement, indicates that he/ she has a financial interest in a company or organization whose products or services are described in the manuscript, must submit a brief accompanying statement describing that relationship. This should be in the form of a short paragraph signed by the author. Only after careful consideration of this information can the Editor make an informed decision about the existence of a real or perceived conflict of interest. When, for a given author, the Editor determines that a situation of
PUBLICATION INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS Continued real or perceived conflict may exist, the author will be so identified with a footnote by hisher name on the first page of the published paper.
MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION Original writings will be accepted only with the understanding that they are contributed solely to JVIR. Manuscripts should be typewritten and double- or preferably triple-spaced (all pages) on only one side of the paper with at least 3-cm margins. If the manuscript is produced using a dot matrix printer, appropriate steps should be taken to assure legibility (eg, printers could be set in the double-strike mode). Each manuscript component should begin on a new page in this order: Title page, Abstract, Text, Acknowledgments, References, Tables (each on a separate page), and Captions for illustrations. The title page and abstract page should not be numbered. Sequential numbering should begin with the Introduction. Four copies of the manuscript and four complete sets of mounted figures should be submitted. Because accepted manuscripts will not be returned, the author should retain a copy. Receipt of each manuscript is acknowledged; please allow 10-15 days from the time you mailed the manuscript for receipt of an acknowledgment. Because JVIR is now edited electronically, authors of accepted papers are required to submit their revised manuscripts on computer diskettes in addition to hard copy. High-density 5%-inch diskettes are preferred, but high-density 3'12-inch diskettes may be submitted. Personal computer files in WordPerfect 4.2 or later are preferred, but other word processing programs--Microsoft Word for PC or Mac or WordPerfect for Macare acceptable. Use minimal formatting with all programs and indicate which program was used. Files prepared in any other word processing program should be saved unformatted in text only (ASCII), and the program used should be indicated. Label diskettes with name and manuscript number. The entire article should be submitted as a single text file, with the elements in the standard order: Title Page, Abstract, Text, Acknowledgments, References, Captions, Tables. Only the final version of the manuscript should be on the submitted disk. Leave text ragged right (nojustification). IMPORTANT: Do not use the table function of your word processor to create tables. Also, do not use the space bar in tables. Use tabs to separate columns and hard returns to separate rows. Do not use centering tabs or other codes for centering anywhere in manuscript. Insert only one space after punctuation marks. Do not use embedded endnotes to create reference lists or for figure and table citations. A s always, double-space your manuscript (including references and tables).
TITLE PAGE This page should include: (1)the full title of the manuscript; (2) the first names, middle initials, last names, and degrees of all authors; (3) the name and street address (not P.O. box) of the institution from which the work originated; and (4) the complete name, address, zip code, telephone number, and Fax
number of the corresponding author. In the event that a manuscript is identified on its title page or in its content as having emanated from a particular institution, it will be assumed that the requisite approval of that institution has been obtained by the authors. If the paper has been presented at an SCVIR meeting or has been accepted for presentation at an SCVIR meeting, a statement to that effect including the year of presentation should be provided at the bottom of the title page. A blind title page (without the author names) should be included with each copy of the manuscript for use in the review process.
ABSTRACT Abstracts are required for all major papers. Technical notes, case reports and Interventional Radiology Rounds have no abstract. The abstract should be no longer than approximately 150 words and should be organized into four paragraphs.
PURPOSE: Outline the goal or objective of the manuscript including the specific hypothesis under examination. The purpose should also be reflected in the title of the manuscript. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Briefly and succinctly describe the experimental methods, including what was done and how the data were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Findings should be presented here. What observations were made? Include as much specific data as possible including P values and other indicators of statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: The conclusions should flow directly and logically from the information presented in the abstract. Emphasize here what you want the reader to retain as the major conclusion of your study. NOTE: Unstructured abstracts may be used for review articles, including Partners in Patient Care.
KEY W O R D S Below the abstract, three to six key words derived from the RSNA Index to Imaging Literature should be listed. For case reports and technical notes (no abstract required) the key words should be on a separate page. The key words will assist the indexers who must classify the paper under specific subject headings.
TEXT The text of a clinical or laboratory manuscript contains a series of sections that follow the title page and abstract. The headings of these sections are Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion. Lengthy papers may require subheadings within some sections to clarify their content.
Introduction: This section should (1)adequately but not extensively (ie, using strictly pertinent references only) describe the background information, experience,and literature leading up to the present study, and (2) clearly state the purpose of the study.
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-
PUBLICATION INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS Continued Methods: Selection of animal or human subjects should be described clearly. Details of materials (including manufacturer's name and location [city and state] in parentheses) and methods should be presented in sufficient detail to enable readers to reproduce the study. References should be made to established methods that have been published, with particular emphasis on those that are not well known. New or substantially modified methods should be described, supported with rationale, and critically evaluated for real and potential limitations. Numbers of observations and statistical significance of the methods should be reported where appropriate. Detailed statistical analyses and mathematical derivations may sometimes be suitably presented in one or more appendices. When methods are sufficiently complex to warrant partitioning into subheadings, the precise divisions should be carefully considered. In general, each division should be of sufficient independent importance that (1)separate observations or data points will be recorded for that subheading in the Results section, or (2) it requires separate treatment in the Discussion section of the manuscript. Manuscripts reporting research involving human subjects must include a statement in the Methods section indicating approval by the institutional review board and noting that informed consent was obtained from each patient. Manuscripts reporting research involving animals must include a statement in the Methods section that either the protocol was approved by the institutional animal care committee or that the animal care complied with the "Principles of Laboratory Animal Care" (formulated by the National Society for Medical Research) and the "Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals" (NIH Publication no. 80-23, revised 1985). Results: All data and observations should be reported in logical sequence in the text, tables, and illustrations. Do not repeat in the text all the data in the tables andlor illustrations; summarize only important observations. Complex reports may require subheadings in the Results section. In general, these subsections parallel subsections of methods. Only data and observations relevant to the individual subsection should be included in each one. Repetition of results reported in other subsections should be avoided. Discussion: Emphasize the new and important aspects of the study and conclusions that follow from them. Do not repeat in detail the data given in the Results section. Include in the Discussion the implications of the findings and their limitations, and relate the observations to other relevant studies. Link the conclusions with the goals of the study, but avoid unqualified statements and conclusions not supported completely by the data. Avoid claiming priority and alluding to work that has not been completed. State new hypotheses when warranted, but clearly label them as such. Recommendations, when appropriate, may be included.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Acknowledgments should start on a new page following the end of the text. Authors are responsible for obtaining permission from persons acknowledged for reasons other than technical, secretarial, or financial support, because readers may infer an endorsement of the data and conclusions.
REFERENCES Number the references consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned. The abbreviations used for periodicals cited in the references should follow the style of Index Medicus. For journal articles, list surnames and initials of all authors when six or less, such as: 1. Graham DJ, Alexander JJ. The effects of thrombin on bovine aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells. J Vasc Surg 1990; 11:307-313. When seven or more authors are listed, only the first three names need to be identified, followed by "et al," such as: 1. Patchell RA, Tibbs PA, Walsh JW, et al. A randomized trial of surgery in the treatment of single metastases to the brain. N Engl J Med 1990; 322:494-500. Abstracts, editorials, and letters to the editor should be noted as such. In the case of books, the authors of a chapter, title of the chapter, editor(s), title of the book, edition, city, publisher, year, and specific pages must be provided. 1. Brief DK, Brener BJ. Extraanatomic bypasses. In: Wilson SE, Veith FJ, Hobson RW, Williams RA, eds. Vascular surgery: principles and practice. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1987; 414-424. Please be sure that all documentation is accurate.
TABLES Tables should be referred to in the text, numbered sequentially in Arabic numerals, and have a title. All abbreviations used in the table should be explained in a footnote. Tables should be presented in the style used in the Journal. No vertical lines or shading should be included. Avoid excessive use of horizontal lines within the table.
ILLUSTRATIONS Illustrations should be limited to those required to show the essential features described in the paper. Unretouched glossy prints no larger than 20 x 25 cm (8 x 10 in) are desirable. Prints to be combined into one cut, such as anteroposterior and lateral views, should be the same height to facilitate reproduction. A tissue or transparent overlay may be used to designate the significant points of the illustrations. Drawings and charts should be rendered professionally in India ink on white paper. All photographs and drawings must be numbered and the top indicated on the back. For protection against loss or damage, each figure should then be neatly attached to paper (one illustration per page) and the number and top should be reindicated on this page. For attachment, avoid using glue, staples, or corner mounts. Because it holds the illustration securely to the page without damage, we recommend Scotch Removable Magic Tape (3M, St Paul, MN). Please do not add letters or numbers to the face of the illustration to identify the figure (such as 1Aor 1B).This will be done during the printing process. Arrows should not be placed on radiographs prior to
PUBLICATION INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS Concluded photography for print production; they should be placed on the final print and should be removable. If arrows, letters, and numbers are added to prints, they must be of professional quality and must be removable. Professional artist service is available to authors without charge. The desired additions may simply be indicated on tissue or a transparent overlay attached to the print. Illustrations become the property of SCVIR and will be stored for 2 years after publication. Illustrations will be returned only on receipt of a written request from the corresponding author. We suggest that authors make and retain a set of figures in addition to the four sets submitted to the Journal. Electronic publishing at the RSNA Publications Department, coupled with new image scanning technology that improves halftone production, has created the opportunity for streamlining the publication process. At the same time, quality will be enhanced. As a result, authors will no longer routinely receive photoproofs of their images. As in the past, the Publications Department and the Editorial Office will be reponsible for image quality at the proof stage and, most important, in the printed journal.
CAPTIONS FOR ILLUSTRATIONS A caption must be supplied for each illustration and should not duplicate text material. All figure captions should appear collectively on one or more pages separate from the text, and each caption should also appear below the corresponding illustration.
CASE REPORTS A N D TECHNICAL NOTES A case report is a short note describing an unusual problem or procedure of interest to interventional radiologists. A technical note is a short description of a new technique, a modification of a common technique, or a description of new equipment that pertains to interventional radiology. Case reports and technical notes are evaluated for publication in the Journal using different criteria than those used for major papers. Authors should indicate that they are writing a case report or technical note by using the format outlined below. Format: No abstract is provided. A brief introduction should explain the background and special interest of the case or technique. For case reports, no more than two cases should be described in detail. The discussion section should focus on why this particular case or technique is important. The relevance of the case or technique to interventional radiologists should be emphasized.
LETTERS T O THE EDITOR Letters to the Editor can be used to offer commentary on any material published in JVIR. Letters to the Editor may
also be used to convey material of more general interest to vascular and interventional radiologists. Letters to the Editor require the same transfer of copyright agreement and financial interest disclosure as original manuscripts. Format: Letters should be double- or triple-spaced on only one side of the paper with a t least 3-cm margins. The length should be limited to three pages including a maximum of four references. Only one figure can be submitted with a Letter to the Editor. Authorship should be limited to four individuals. Letters to the Editor are accepted at the discretion of the editor.
B O O K REVIEWS Any person who would like to help in reviewing books forJVIR should contact: Arthur C. Waltman, MD Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital 32 Fruit St Boston MA 02114
UNITS A N D ABBREVIATIONS Radiation measurements and laboratory values should be given in the International System of Units (SI) (resources: SI Units in Radiation Protection and Measurements, NCRP Report no. 82 [August 19851; "Now Read This: The SI Units Are Here," JAMA 1986;255:2329-2339). Blood pressure should still be reported in millimeters of mercury. Abbreviations must be spelled out when first used in the text, such as "superficial femoral artery (SFA)." Laboratory slang, clinical jargon, and uncommon abbreviations should be avoided. Discussion of previous literature and material presented must be restricted to the significant findings.
RIGHTS A N D PERMISSIONS Written permission must be granted by the publisher and author to reproduce any previously published figures, and any such material must be clearly noted and its source given in the manuscript. A letter of permission must accompany photographs of patients or health care personnel if they could possibly be recognized; otherwise, the eyes must be blocked out to prevent identification.
AUTHOR RESPONSIBILITY Authors must be certain that no manuscript on the same or similar material has been or will be submitted to another journal by themselves or others a t their institution before their work appears in JVIR. The submission by authors nf similar material to advertising media must be indicated at the time JVIR receives the manuscript.