Keyword Index Volumes 160–167

European Journal of Operational Research 167 (2005) 817–826 www.elsevier.com/locate/dsw

Keyword Index Volumes 160–167 (2005) Achievement function, (164) 785 Activity network, (165) 339 Adaptive control, (162) 552 Adaptive control charts, (161) 148 Adaptive cooling schedule, (166) 77 Adaptive decision support system, (165) 219 Adaptive memory programming, (162) 30 Adaptive Neyman test, (163) 210 Adaptive software testing, (162) 552 Adjusted present value, (161) 377 Admission control, (167) 179 Advanced planning, (163) 575, 617 Advanced planning systems, (163) 575 Advertising, (166) 255 Affine processes, (163) 83 Agency theory, (162) 816 Agent-based simulation, (166) 741 Agent-based systems, (166) 717 Agent modeling, (166) 666 Aggregation, (165) 810, (166) 93 Agreeable weights, (162) 45 Agricultural policy, (161) 416 Agriculture, (166) 406 Algorithms, (165) 569 Allocation decision, (163) 545 Alternate machine selection, (166) 369 Alternate routings, (166) 369 Amelioration, (162) 773 Analysis of algorithms, (161) 721, (164) 239 Analysis of the environment, (164) 217 Analytic performance analysis, (162) 83 Ant colony optimization, (162) 30 Approved vendor matrix, (162) 310 Approximate algorithms, (161) 721 Approximation, (162) 55 Approximation algorithm, (161) 3 Approximation algorithms, (160) 485, (166) 3, 51 Approximation schemes, (167) 297

doi:10.1016/S0377-2217(05)00116-5

A production line with dependent machine failures, (164) 491 Arbitrage free evaluation, (161) 377 Arc routing problems, (165) 535 ARD neural networks, (164) 252 Artificial intelligence, (160) 614, 663, 741, 762, 785, (164) 239, (166) 666, 694 Asian crisis, (163) 242 Assembly lines, (166) 310 Assembly networks, (161) 854 Assembly operation, (161) 754 Asset demand estimation, (161) 386 Asset pricing, (163) 65 Asymmetric information, (161) 203 Attribute-oriented induction, (166) 221 Auction design, (160) 88 Auctions/bidding, (161) 399 Augmented lagrangian method, (161) 618 Automated guided vehicles, (164) 1 Automated manufacturing, (167) 624 Auto-correlated demand, (165) 729 Availability constraint, (160) 445 Availability constraints, (161) 3 Backlogging, (161) 191 Balancedness, (167) 370 Balking, (164) 387 Bandwidth packing, (167) 243 Bank, (161) 364, (163) 94 Bank branches, (162) 850 Bank failure, (166) 528 Banking, (161) 337, 432, (163) 230, (166) 266 Bankruptcy, (164) 730 Bankruptcy costs, (161) 364, (163) 94 Banzhaf index, (163) 370 Base-stock, (164) 195 Batch means, (162) 403 Batch ordering, (160) 63 Batch processing machine, (162) 184 Batch production, (165) 495 Batch scheduling, (161) 285

Bayesian approach, (165) 685 Beam search, (165) 457 Beam search heuristic, (167) 35 Behavioral model, (166) 655 Belief–desire–intention models, (160) 762 Belief merging, (160) 785 Benchmark following, (163) 115 Benefit sharing, (162) 251 Bi-criteria, (167) 624, 679 Bi-criteria analysis, (166) 828 Bicriteria scheduling, (167) 739 Bidding-auctions, (164) 239 Bidding model, (166) 351 Big boss games, (162) 251 Bilateral problem, (162) 602 Bi-level optimization, (161) 386 Bilevel programming, (166) 469 Binomial model, (163) 192 Bin-packing, (160) 34 Biobjective minimum cost flow problem, (164) 89 Biodiversity, (164) 423 Birkhoff–von Neumann theorem, (164) 575 Blackwell Theorem, (161) 505 Blocking, (161) 62 Blocking times, (161) 854 Bootstrap aggregate models, (162) 532 Bound-constrained minimization, (160) 19 Boundedness of solution, (164) 811 Box–Jenkins method, (160) 501 Branch-and-bound, (160) 471, 576, (161) 754, 771, (162) 173, (164) 12, 239, 592, (167) 283 Branch-and-bound algorithm, (167) 574 Branch-and-cut, (162) 700, (165) 625 Buffered production flows, (167) 116 Buffers minimisation, (164) 669 Bulk service, (163) 434 Bullwhip effect, (166) 337 Bundle trading, (160) 88

818 Bundling, (166) 430 Business environment, (164) 217 Business intelligence, (166) 557 Business process reengineering, (161) 683 Buyer behavior, (166) 576 Calendar effects, (163) 242 Calibration of parameters, (163) 145 Capacitated clustering (p-median) problem, (162) 30 Capacitated distribution centers, (165) 182 Capacitated trees, (160) 47 Capital Market Line, (163) 276 Car traffic, (167) 116 Case-based reasoning, (160) 308 Case study, (164) 696 Catalog-allocation, (162) 839 Categorical data, (160) 515 Cellular manufacturing, (160) 423 Cellular manufacturing system, (164) 800 Certification, (161) 416 Chance constrained approach, (162) 619 Channels of distribution, (162) 325 Choquet integral, (167) 461 Choquet pricing, (163) 192 Churn analysis, (164) 252 Circular container, (160) 19 Circular edge-coloring, (164) 585 Classical decision theory, (160) 762 Classification, (160) 663, (164) 252, (166) 212, 557 Click and Mortar, (164) 158 Clickstream data, (166) 557 Climate change negotiations, (160) 252 Clustering, (160) 423, (167) 272 CO2 reduction, (166) 843 Coefficient of variation, (164) 367 Cohorts competition, (164) 811 Collaborative planning, (163) 668 Coloring, (165) 387 Column generation, (161) 478, (162) 122, 310, (163) 631, (164) 510, (165) 339 Combinatorial auctions, (161) 399 Combinatorial optimisation, (160) 638, (162) 418 Combinatorial optimization, (160) 227, 471, 599, (161) 683, 721, (162) 206, 584, 713, (165) 387, 555, 649, (166) 3, 35, (167) 35 Combinatorial optimization games, (162) 270 Commodity markets, (163) 132 Common due window, (162) 740 Communication networks design, (166) 154 Compact representations, (160) 741

Keyword Index Competitiveness, (166) 185 Complaint management, (162) 654 Complementarity, (166) 430 Complex projects, (162) 239 Complex system, (166) 597 Complexity, (161) 32, (162) 55 Complexity results, (165) 398 Complexity theory, (160) 227, (161) 721, (164) 690, (165) 387, 555, 668 Compromise programming, (164) 748 Compromise solution, (162) 602 Computable general equilibrium model, (166) 843 Computation, (162) 270 Computational complexity, (164) 39, (165) 416 Computational experiments, (162) 468, 484 Computing science, (165) 555 Concentric tabu, (160) 416 Concept hierarchy, (166) 221 Concordance, (167) 427 Concurrent development, (160) 72 Conditional likelihood, (162) 387 Conditional value-at-risk, (163) 5 Cones, (165) 592 Configurable offers, (160) 380 Conflict analysis, (166) 649 Conflict resolution, (166) 655 Conjoint measurement, (163) 287, (167) 427 Conjugate gradient methods, (164) 104 Consecutive k-out-of-r-from-n:F system, (163) 418 Consensus, (166) 93 Consistency, (164) 730 Consistency analysis, (162) 418 Constraint matrix estimation, (161) 663 Constraint propagation, (164) 592 Constraint-based scheduling, (165) 510 Constraints satisfaction, (162) 630 Consumer loans, (163) 230 Container terminal, (164) 64 Contingent demand management, (166) 351 Continuous location, (165) 1 Continuous production, (165) 495 Continuous quality improvement, (166) 293 Continuous reservoir, (165) 510 Continuous variables, (161) 636 Control, (166) 310 Control system, (162) 342 Control theory, (160) 72 Control variates, (166) 507 Controllable processing times, (165) 416, (167) 297, 592, 610

Controlled Markov chain, (162) 552 Convergent validity, (162) 418 Convex-constrained minimization, (160) 19 Convexification cut, (165) 625 Convexity, (161) 552 Convex program, (160) 560 Cooperative games, (162) 251, (164) 225, (166) 154 Copeland score, (164) 778 Core allocation, (160) 821 Corporate failure risk, (167) 493 Correlated random variates, (167) 226 Correlation coefficient, (162) 433 Cost allocation, (160) 821, (166) 154 Cost analysis, (161) 536 Cost efficiency, (161) 432 Cost model, (163) 445 Cost-of-effort functions, (163) 653 Cost-sensitive learning, (166) 212 Country comparisons, (166) 185 Coupled map lattices, (167) 116 Covering circle, (160) 560 CPM, (165) 359 Credible interval, (165) 685 Credit risk, (161) 298, (163) 83 Credit risk measurement model, (163) 65 Credit spread options, (163) 52 Criterion support, (167) 493 Crop rotation, (166) 406 Crop succession requirements, (166) 406 Cross-trained workers, (167) 349 Customer preferences, (165) 157 Customer relationship management, (164) 252, (166) 557 Customer satisfaction, (167) 413 a-cut technique, (162) 619 Cutting plane, (165) 625 Cutting stock, (163) 617 Cyclic job shop, (161) 73 Cyclic open shop, (164) 585 Cyclic solutions, (162) 291 Cylinder packing, (160) 19 Data allocation, (165) 835 Data augmentation, (161) 564 Database management systems, (166) 615 Data envelopment analysis, (161) 416, 432, 447, 469, 545, 552, 564, (162) 850, (164) 535, 555, 800, (167) 257 Data mining, (162) 514, (166) 185, 221, 756 Data structures, (160) 154 Data warehouse refreshment, (160) 353 DEA, (160) 710, (161) 536 Deadline, (161) 780 Deadlines, (165) 314

Keyword Index Debt & debt management, (163) 65 Decentralised, (167) 644 Decision-aid, (162) 673 Decision analysis, (160) 638, (161) 447, 505, (162) 442, 816, (163) 132, 287, 338, 357, 388, 530, (164) 760, 778, 792, (166) 212, 649, 655, (167) 208 Decision follow-up, (160) 336 Decision functions, (160) 676 Decision implementation, (160) 336 Decision-maker’s preferences, (162) 610 Decision making, (160) 851, (164) 217, (165) 685, (166) 115 Decision making under uncertainty, (164) 548 Decision-making model, (164) 792, (166) 666 Decision support, (166) 794 Decision support framework, (160) 365 Decision support systems, (160) 291, 325, 353, 638, 676, 696, 710, (161) 337, (162) 503, 532, 630, (166) 597, 615, 694, 812, (167) 444, 518 Decision theory, (162) 442, 450 Decision trees, (160) 663 Decisiveness, (163) 370 Decomposition methods, (167) 96 Default risk, (161) 298 Deforestation, (164) 423 Degeneracy, (165) 598 Demand curve, (165) 157 Dempster–Shafer theory, (163) 403, (167) 493 Density search, (162) 30 Denting points, (162) 497 Deposit insurance, (163) 94 Derivative free optimization, (160) 121 Design of experiments, (164) 185 Destination hall call registration, (167) 550, 574 Deteriorating production process, (162) 359 Deterioration, (162) 773 Deterministic scheduling, (165) 20 Developing countries, (164) 423 Deviation, (167) 739 Differential ratio, (161) 721 Dijkstra algorithm, (161) 736 Direct channel, (163) 802 Direct marketing, (162) 325 Directional distance function, (164) 535 Discrete, (162) 503 Discrete-event simulation, (164) 715 Discrete optimisation, (164) 785 Discrete optimization, (162) 713 Discrete response models, (162) 387 Discretization schemes, (163) 145

Discriminant, (166) 528 Discrimination procedures, (160) 88 Disjunctive scheduling, (164) 24 Dispatching, (166) 497 Distance functions, (167) 257 Distributed product, (162) 690 Distribution, (165) 610, 748 Distribution centres, (162) 191 Distribution network, (164) 505 Distribution system design, (162) 4 Diversification, (167) 543 DNA sequencing by hybridization, (161) 585 Double moral hazard, (163) 653 Drop-shipping, (164) 158 DS/AHP, (163) 403 Duality theorems, (164) 406, (165) 585, (167) 28 Duality, (160) 202, 218 Due-date assignment, (163) 825 Due dates, (165) 423 Due date setting, (166) 351 Dynamic facility layout problem, (165) 55 Dynamic inventory policy, (165) 729 Dynamic optimization, (167) 550 Dynamic portfolio, (163) 217 Dynamic programming, (160) 582, 614, (161) 183, (162) 122, 184, 281, (163) 825, (164) 39, (165) 20, 55, 82, 267, 314, 408, 765, (166) 221, 266, (167) 48, 739 Dynamic system, (164) 811 Earliness, (161) 780 Earliness/tardiness, (160) 190, (167) 592 Earliness–tardiness costs, (165) 82 E-commerce, (162) 325, (165) 219, (166) 557 Economic design, (161) 148 Economic manufacturing quality, (162) 359 Economics, (163) 20, (164) 269, 324, (166) 547, 694 Eddy current, (161) 636 Edge coloring, (164) 575 Edge-finding, (164) 24 Efficiency, (164) 555, (166) 430 Efficient extreme points, (162) 484 Efficient frontier, (163) 276 Efficient set, (167) 663 Efficient solution, (160) 242, (165) 585 Efficient solutions, (161) 673 Ejection chains, (160) 154 Electricity, (166) 430 Electronic business models, (160) 365 Electronic commerce, (164) 120 Elevator operation, (167) 550, 574

819 Elimination rule, (164) 24 Embedded processes, (167) 144 Empirical results, (167) 679 Energy, (164) 505, (166) 449 Engineering design, (166) 794 Ensemble strategies, (162) 532 Entropy, (165) 696 Entropy maximization, (164) 811 Entropy operator, (164) 811 Environment, (166) 615, 843, (167) 208 Environmental management, (163) 653, (167) 398 EOQ, (163) 776, (165) 108 Equilibrium, (166) 278 Equilibrium allocation, (162) 251 Equilibrium pricing, (164) 269 Equipment replacement, (160) 532 Equity, (163) 94 Equivalence relation, (166) 160 Equivalent risk, (161) 499 Ergodicity condition, (167) 144 Estimation algorithms, (162) 387 Ethical preference, (166) 655 Evaluation of levered investments, (161) 377 Every day low pricing, (164) 173 Evolutionary algorithms, (167) 663 Evolutionary computation, (160) 676 Evolution strategy, (162) 220 Exact solution, (160) 576 Exactness, (164) 730 Exchange rate, (165) 157 Exhaustive discipline, (167) 144 Expected interval, (164) 748 Expected shortfall, (163) 5 Expected utility-entropy measure of risk, (164) 792 Expected utility paradox, (166) 655 Experimental analysis of algorithms, (166) 51 Experimental design, (165) 139 Expert evaluation, (160) 710 Expert judgment, (161) 240 Exponential neighborhoods, (162) 281 Exponential smoothing, (162) 805 Export/import, (165) 157 Extreme points, (162) 497 Extreme ray generation, (160) 242 Facilities planning and design, (160) 3, (164) 456, (167) 96 Facility location, (160) 268, (162) 4, (165) 1 Facility planning, (164) 1 Failure–repair process, (164) 491 Failure replacement, (161) 183 F-convexity, (165) 585

820 Feeder reconfiguration, (164) 505 Filter, (160) 121 Finance, (161) 337, 499, (163) 20, 30, 52, 145, 253, (166) 266, 520 Financial DSS, (166) 520 Financial markets, (160) 88 Financial ratios, (167) 518 Financial risk management, (163) 65 Finite horizon, (166) 246 Finite production rate, (161) 191 Finite queueing system, (161) 256 Fire service, (161) 525 First best implementability, (165) 251 First failure times, (161) 854 Fisheries, (167) 257 Fixed jobs, (164) 851 Fleet management, (166) 497 Flexibility, (165) 314, 696, (167) 796 Flexible constraints, (160) 582 Flexible manufacturing, (162) 291, (164) 1 Flexible manufacturing cell, (161) 62 Flexible manufacturing systems, (161) 32, (164) 440, 627, (166) 369, (167) 336 Flow-shop, (161) 21, 126, 285, 754, (165) 398, 408 Flow shop, (161) 32, (167) 796 Flowshop, (161) 62, (165) 479, (167) 796, 782 Flowshop scheduling, (167) 717, 772 Flow-time, (167) 679 Fluid models, (167) 179 Forbidden paths, (165) 97 Forecasting, (160) 501, (161) 275, (163) 388, (164) 252, (166) 337, 557 Forestry, (163) 589 Formative scenario analysis, (162) 418 Fourier bases, (163) 210 Fractional programming, (160) 63, 232 Frank t-norm, (160) 726 Free disposal hull, (161) 552 Free versus jamming transport regimes, (167) 116 Frequency-based policies, (166) 25 Front room and back room operations, (167) 349 Frontier estimation, (166) 520 Fully polynomial time approximation scheme, (162) 45, (165) 416 Functional ANOVA, (163) 210 Functional data, (163) 210 Funnel model, (164) 354 Fusion processes, (166) 115 Fuzzy arithmetic, (160) 532 Fuzzy cash flow, (160) 532 Fuzzy class model, (160) 515 Fuzzy cluster analysis, (166) 160 Fuzzy clustering algorithms, (160) 515

Keyword Index Fuzzy inference system, (161) 275 Fuzzy inventory cost parameters, (167) 381 Fuzzy lead-time, (167) 381 Fuzzy logic, (160) 710 Fuzzy measure, (167) 461 Fuzzy multicriteria decision making, (160) 308 Fuzzy number, (164) 715, 748 Fuzzy number ranking, (160) 803 Fuzzy preference relation, (164) 206 Fuzzy programming, (161) 704 Fuzzy ranking, (164) 715 Fuzzy regression, (160) 532, (166) 172 Fuzzy reinforcement learning, (166) 666 Fuzzy set, (160) 560, 337, (162) 619 Fuzzy sets, (160) 532, 663, (161) 337, (163) 434, (164) 696, (166) 93, 160, 172, 794, (167) 444, 461 Fuzzy sets theory, (164) 715 Fuzzy similarity measure, (160) 726 Fuzzy systems, (167) 518 Game theory, (160) 252, 821, (162) 270, (163) 653, (164) 225, (167) 370, 475 Gamma distribution, (164) 367 GARCH models, (163) 242 GARCH processes, (163) 201 Gas cash-out problem, (166) 469 Generalized d-univexity, (160) 218 Generalized additive models, (162) 839 Generalized eigenvalues, (164) 387 Generalized invex functions, (164) 115 Generalized invex monotonicity, (164) 115 Generalized Legendre condition, (162) 786 Generalized transportation problem, (166) 469 General repair model, (163) 445 General spatial cost, (167) 48 Genetic algorithm, (160) 416, (161) 62, 73, (163) 418, (167) 77 Genetic algorithms, (160) 423, (164) 423, (165) 34, 55, (166) 726, 794 Genetic local search, (167) 717 Genome mapping, (161) 585 Geographical information system, (162) 70 Geometric programming, (165) 108 GI/M/1, (164) 195 Gibbs sampling, (164) 367 Global manufacturing, (165) 157 Global optimization, (161) 636, (162) 630, (165) 835 Goal programming, (161) 704, (163) 462, (165) 708, (166) 255, 756

Granularity of uncertainty, (166) 115 Graph theory, (164) 378, (167) 336 Greedy randomized adaptive search procedure, (162) 30 Group decision making, (164) 785, (166) 93 Group decisions, (160) 172 Group decisions and negotiation, (160) 291 Group decisions and negotiations, (160) 785 Group decision support system (GDSS), (160) 803 Group technology, (162) 112, (167) 272 Guided construction search metaheuristic, (162) 30 Half-products, (162) 45 Hamiltonian paths, (161) 721 Hazardous materials, (162) 70 Health economics, (164) 548 Health sciences, (164) 301 Health services, (161) 447, 469 Hedge fund, (164) 555 Hedging, (163) 177 Heterogeneous agents, (161) 386 Heterogeneous group of experts, (166) 93 Heterogeneous platforms, (164) 690 Heuristic, (161) 780, (164) 64, (166) 489, (167) 272, 644 Heuristic algorithms, (165) 375, (167) 679 Heuristics, (160) 139, 395, 638, (161) 478, (162) 126, 142, 206, 291, 727, 816, (165) 70, 479, 525, 657, (166) 726, 828, (167) 68, 77, 129, 320, 349 Hierarchical weighting models, (163) 338 Higher-order-invexity, (167) 28 Higher-order symmetric duality, (167) 28 High–low pricing, (164) 173 Holding games, (162) 251 Holding situations, (162) 251 Hub–spoke network system, (160) 821 Human resources, (160) 839, (163) 545 Hybrid flowshop, (167) 272 Hybridization, (162) 220 Hydrothermal scheduling of electricity generation, (161) 618 Ideal points, (162) 497 Idempotent semiring, (160) 582 Identical parallel machines, (160) 576 Idleness, (167) 739 Idle time penalties, (165) 82 Ignorance, (163) 403, (167) 493 Ill-conditioning, (165) 598 Imperfect information, (162) 610 Implementation, (162) 239

Keyword Index Imprecise information, (160) 291 Incomplete preference information, (163) 338 Index heuristics, (165) 267 Index tracking, (163) 115 India, (162) 191 Indifference zone, (166) 133 Indirect materials, (163) 653 Inertia-controlling methods, (161) 655 Infeasibility, (161) 545 Inflation, (162) 773 Information economics, (161) 505 Information structures, (161) 505 Innovation diffusion uncertainty, (164) 829 Input allocative efficiency, (164) 535 Inspections, (167) 475 Integer linear programming, (165) 127 Integer linear programming models, (165) 610 Integer multicommodity flows, (162) 55 0–1 integer programming, (165) 657 Integer programming, (160) 3, 34, 106, 380, 423, 457, (161) 478, (164) 12, 239, 510, (165) 625, (167) 68, 129, 243 Integrated framework, (162) 83 Integrated planning, (163) 631 Integrated product management, (161) 298 Intelligence tool, (160) 365 Intelligent agents characteristics, (166) 666 Intelligent decision support, (160) 308 Intelligent decision support system, (162) 654 Interactive fuzzy decision making method, (167) 381 Interactive procedures, (162) 468 Interest rate modeling, (163) 30 Interior-point method, (164) 417 Internet, (164) 696, (166) 246, 615 Interval data, (161) 771 Interval number, (167) 381 Interval valued, (166) 115 Inventory, (161) 183, 812, (162) 325, 342, 372, 773, 792, 805, (163) 733, 769, (164) 158, 354, 358, (165) 108, 207, 729, 748, (166) 25, 337 Inventory control, (162) 153, (166) 385 Inventory-level-dependent demand rate, (162) 792 Inventory management, (161) 256, (163) 721 Inventory model, (160) 63 Inventory models, (165) 127 Inventory pooling, (165) 207 Inventory/production, (163) 688

Inverse optimization, (161) 663 Investment, (165) 157 Investment analysis, (166) 449 Invexity, (163) 565 IP networks, (160) 395 IS personnel selection, (160) 803 Item cluster, (166) 489 Japanese bank efficiency, (164) 535 Job shop, (161) 285, (164) 24, (165) 525, (167) 77, 297, 796 Job-shop problem, (162) 99 Joint replenishment, (163) 721, (165) 729 Joint unavailability, (164) 491 Judgment analysis, (167) 461 Justification, (165) 375 Just-In-Time, (167) 696 Kahn process network, (164) 669 Kanban, (162) 153, (166) 310 Kernel function, (162) 514 KKT conditions, (163) 565 Knowledge-based systems, (160) 762, 785, (162) 654 Knowledge discovery, (166) 185 k-out-of-n:F system, (165) 786 Kriging, (165) 826 Labour market modelling, (164) 811 Lagrangean relaxation, (160) 34, 47, (165) 127, (167) 243 Lagrange-relaxation, (164) 456 Lagrangian heuristic, (165) 182 Lagrangian relaxation, (167) 574 Landscape ecology, (164) 423 Large MOLPs, (162) 484 Large scale optimization, (161) 598, Large-scale optimization, (166) 615 Late work criteria, (165) 408 Latent class model, (160) 515 Latent learning, (160) 614 Lateral transshipment, (165) 207 Layout, (164) 1, 440 Lead time, (163) 751, (164) 354, 358 Lead times, (167) 179 Leadership experience, (162) 673 Learning and explanation, (160) 638 Learning classifier systems, (160) 614 Least absolute deviation, (162) 690 Least deviation method, (164) 206 Least squares method, (164) 79 Lexicographical solutions, (164) 225 LIBOR market model, (163) 30 Limited buffers, (161) 126 Limited memory BFGS method, (161) 618 Linear and mixed-integer programming, (167) 398

821 Linear classifier with maximal margin, (166) 756 Linear dynamic response theory, (167) 116 Linear inequality, (164) 79 Linear programming, (160) 839, (161) 663, (162) 112, 514, (163) 706, (165) 70, (166) 172, 406, (167) 1, 20 Linear programming duality, (167) 68 Linearization, (165) 835 Linear-plus-linear fractional programming, (160) 232 Linear-time algorithm, (161) 598 Linguistic value, (166) 160 Linguistic variables, (166) 115 Lintner, (163) 276 Litigation, (162) 239 LittleÔs Law, (164) 354 Local content, (165) 157 Local search, (160) 154, (162) 206, 281, (165) 34, (166) 63, (167) 48 Location, (160) 457, 560, (162) 191, (164) 301 Location-routing, (165) 610 Logistic chains, (162) 83 Logistic regression, (164) 252 Logistics, (161) 797, (163) 617, (164) 301, (165) 127, 657, 748, (166) 726, (167) 349 Logistics management, (162) 191 Logit, (166) 528 Lognormal distribution, (164) 367 Lot size, (162) 372 Lot-sizing, (161) 191 Lot sizing, (162) 83 Lower bounds, (164) 592 L-shaped method, (162) 619 M&A, (165) 765 Machine breakdown and repair, (162) 372 Machine interference, (167) 163 Machine learning, (166) 756 Machine maintenance, (165) 267 Machine scheduling, (167) 592 Machining operation, (161) 754 Maintenance, (164) 324 Makespan, (161) 21, 285, (167) 624, 772 Makespan minimization, (160) 445 Make-to-order, (164) 173 Make-to-stock, (164) 173, 195 Manpower planning, (160) 839, (164) 800 Manufacturing, (160) 423, (161) 812, 854, (162) 291, (163) 617, 825, (164) 341, (165) 139, 708, (167) 336 Manufacturing system, (165) 231 Mapping, (162) 740

822 Marked point process, (165) 786 Market design, (163) 503 Market discipline, (161) 364 Market size, (165) 157 Market value, (164) 217 Market-driven transfer pricing, (162) 690 Marketing, (162) 839, (163) 530, 784, 825, (164) 252, 760, (166) 547, 557 Marketing/manufacturing interface, (164) 173 Markov Chain Monte Carlo, (161) 564, (164) 367 Markov decision process, (161) 256 Markov decision processes, (163) 825, (165) 267 Markovian analysis, (161) 126 Markov processes, (164) 378, (165) 207, 810 Markowitz, (163) 276 Martingales, (165) 786 Master–slave tasking, (164) 690 Material handling, (164) 1, 440 Materialized view maintenance, (160) 353 Material requirements planning, (163) 706 MATHEMATICA, (165) 598 Mathematical modeling, (160) 423 Mathematical programming, (164) 115, (165) 139, 592 Matrix–analytic method, (161) 224 Maximum issue quantity, (166) 385 Maximum lateness, (165) 468 Maximum likelihood, (161) 663 Maximum likelihood estimation, (162) 403 Maximum likelihood function, (160) 515 Maximum Principle, (163) 217 Maximum satisfiability, (166) 63 Mean reversion, (163) 52 Mean reverting processes, (163) 132 Measurement of perception of quality practices, (166) 293 Measurement theory, (163) 287 Measure theory, (163) 170 Medical informatics, (162) 532 Medicine, (160) 696 Memetic algorithms, (165) 535 Merger-and-acquisition, (163) 802 Metaheuristic, (160) 190 Meta-heuristic, (162) 740 Metaheuristics, (162) 220, (164) 12, 456, (165) 479, 826, (167) 336, 717 Metamodel, (165) 826 Meta-synthesis, (166) 597 Military, (160) 839 Minimal points, (162) 497 Minimal repair, (163) 445 Minimal standby redundancy, (165) 786

Keyword Index Minimax techniques, (165) 569 Minimum multicut, (162) 55 Minimum variance hedge ratio, (163) 177 Minmax regret optimization, (160) 227 MIP applications, (164) 269 MIP models of markets, (164) 269 Mixed data, (166) 717 Mixed integer nonlinear programming, (162) 153 Mixed-integer programming, (163) 668 Mixed-integer programming models, (162) 4 Mixed-model sequencing, (167) 696 Mixture of uniform distributions, (161) 240 Modeling, (166) 597, 655 Modeling systems, (161) 111 Modeling systems and languages, (166) 615 Modelling, (163) 589, (164) 475, (167) 475 Modelling systems and languages, (166) 694 Model management, (166) 615 Model reuse, (160) 325 Model validity, (162) 239 Monetary policy, (163) 20 Money-back guarantees, (161) 162 Monte Carlo method, (163) 145 Monte Carlo simulation, (166) 507, 782 Mortgage loans, (163) 83 Most-obtuse-angle, (167) 20 Movement optimization control, (160) 485 MPS, (161) 111 Multiagent system, (166) 782 Multi-agent systems, (160) 353, (166) 726 Multiattribute bids, (160) 380 Multi-attribute decision aiding systems, (160) 710 Multi-attribute decision-making, (164) 206 Multiattribute valuation, (167) 543 Multicategory discriminator, (162) 514 Multi-channel distribution, (163) 802 Multicriteria, (167) 592 Multicriteria analysis, (160) 291, (167) 461 Multi-criteria decision making, (163) 403, (166) 255 Multicriteria optimization, (164) 120 Multicriteria shortest paths, (162) 70 Multi-echelon inventory theory under stochastic demand, (163) 802 Multi-granular linguistic information, (166) 115 Multi-item inventory, (162) 786 Multi-level lot sizing, (163) 751 Multiminima functions, (161) 636

Multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problem with discounted cash flows, (164) 639 Multinomial model, (163) 154 Multi-objective, (167) 644 Multi-objective combinatorial optimization, (167) 717 Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms, (167) 696 Multiobjective mixed integer programs, (161) 673 Multi-objective optimization, (161) 42, (162) 584 Multiobjective programming, (160) 218, (164) 748, (165) 585 Multiobjective symmetric duality, (165) 592 Multiparametric sensitivity analysis, (160) 232 Multiple criteria, (165) 20 Multiple criteria analysis, (160) 599, 663, (162) 468, (163) 287, 338, 462, (164) 760, 785, (166) 93, 794, (167) 427 Multiple criteria decision analysis, (160) 172 Multiple criteria decision making (MCDM), (160) 803, (162) 468, (164) 748, 785, 800 Multiple-criterion optimization, (166) 615 Multiple depots, (162) 126 Multiple objective linear programming, (162) 484 Multiple objective programming, (160) 242, (162) 468, 503, (167) 663, 752 Multiple objectives, (167) 772 Multiple recursive generator, (164) 402 Multiple scenario, (164) 225 Multi-priority dual queue, (161) 224 Multiprocessor flowshop, (164) 592 Multiproduct, (163) 688 Multi-product lot-sizing, (165) 127 Multi-round auctions, (163) 503 Multistar constraints, (160) 47 Multi-state element, (163) 418 Multi-unit auctions, (166) 430 Multivariate generation, (167) 226 Multivariate statistics, (162) 387 Multiway cut, (162) 55 Mutual funds, (163) 462 Natural resources, (161) 478 Near complete decomposability, (165) 810 Nearest insertion rule, (161) 11 Nearly decomposable systems, (160) 325 Necessary optimality conditions, (160) 202 Net present value, (161) 499, (164) 639

Keyword Index Network approximations, (163) 482 Network decomposition, (165) 339 Network design, (165) 182 Network equilibrium, (164) 120 Network flows, (160) 395, 839, (161) 618, (162) 713, (164) 89, (165) 97 Network location, (165) 1 Network quadratic programming, (164) 104 Networks, (164) 120 Neural networks, (160) 501, (162) 532, (166) 769, (167) 518 Neuro-fuzzy model, (161) 275 New product evaluation, (163) 784 News-vendor, (167) 370 Newsvendor problem, (163) 688 No buffer, (161) 126 No-idle, (161) 21 No-idle machines, (161) 11 Non-additive decision policies, (162) 673 Non-destructive control, (161) 636 Nondifferentiable fractional minimax programming, (160) 202 Non-differentiable multiobjective programming, (164) 406 Non-differentiable programming, (167) 28 Non-dominated (efficient) schedules, (167) 679 Non-excludability, (160) 821 Non-ignorable non-response, (162) 387 Nonlinear, (162) 503 Non-linear mixed integer programming, (162) 191 Nonlinear optimization, (165) 157 Nonlinear programming, (160) 19, 121, (161) 598, 618, (163) 434, 565, (166) 469 Nonnegative variable, (163) 565 Non-specificity, (163) 403 Nontransitive preferences, (163) 287, (167) 427 Normal distribution, (162) 805 NP-completness, (164) 585 NP-hard, (166) 35 NP-hardness, (165) 408 Nucleolus, (162) 270 Number of tardy jobs criteria, (162) 184 Nurse scheduling, (164) 510 Object-oriented programming, (166) 615 Oil refinery, (163) 631 One-machine scheduling, (167) 739 Open shop, (162) 173, (167) 796 Open shops, (163) 569 Open shop scheduling, (165) 444 Operation synchronization, (165) 525 Operations, (165) 696

Operations/marketing interface, (161) 162 Opportunistic replenishment, (166) 385 Optimal burn-in, (163) 445 Optimal control, (161) 256 Optimality, (160) 218 Optimal policies, (164) 829 Optimal policy, (166) 246 Optimal pricing, (161) 838 Optimal selection, (162) 602 Optimal software testing, (162) 552 Optimal stopping rule, (165) 765 Optimal strategy, (163) 132 Optimal velocity models, (167) 116 Optimisation, (164) 475, 609 Optimization, (162) 342, (166) 278, 769, (167) 475 Optimization problems, (166) 51 Optimized multi-lateral multi-commodity markets, (163) 503 Option hedging, (166) 507 Option pricing, (163) 201 Order relation, (160) 582 Ordered data, (166) 221 Ordered probit, (161) 525 Ordinal output, (161) 525 Ordinal ranking method, (164) 778 Organic farming, (161) 416 Organisational characteristics, (160) 365 Organization theory, (162) 816, (167) 543 Output-specific efficiency, (161) 564 Output targets, (161) 564 Outranking methods, (167) 427 Overhead absorption, (165) 157 Overlapping, (165) 525 Packing, (165) 668, (167) 48 Pairwise comparison, (163) 357 Panel data, (167) 257 Parallel computing, (164) 12, (166) 769 Parallel machine scheduling, (165) 444, (167) 679 Parallel machine, (160) 445 Parallel machines, (167) 283 Parallel machine scheduling, (165) 543, (167) 641, 665 Parallel machines scheduling problem, (165) 649 Parameter estimation, (161) 663, (166) 520 Parameterized family of subproblems, (165) 387 Parametric analysis, (160) 232 Parametric programming, (167) 1 Pareto efficient solution, (160) 218 Pareto optima, (167) 679 Pareto optimal, (167) 592 Pareto-optimal frontier, (167) 696

823 Pareto’s principle, (167) 543 Partial backlogging, (163) 776 Partial regression coefficient, (162) 433 Patch size constraints, (161) 478 p-dispersion, (162) 70 Performance, (164) 555 Performance bound, (162) 727 Performance ratio, (161) 721 Periodic, (165) 668 Periodic routing problems, (165) 535 Peripatetic Salesman Problem, (162) 700 Perishable goods, (161) 838 Perishable items, (163) 776 Permutation flow-shop, (161) 11 Permutation matrices, (164) 575 Persistence measures, (163) 102 Petri-net, (161) 73 Petroleum industry, (166) 812 Phase I cycling, (167) 20 Pickups and deliveries, (162) 126 Piecewise linear cost functions, (165) 82 Plant capacity, (165) 157 Poincare´ theorem, (161) 736 Policy evaluation, (163) 721 Polling, (165) 794 Polling system, (167) 144 Polyhedra, (160) 242 Polynomial algorithm, (160) 560 PontryaginÔs maximum principle, (162) 786 Pooling problem, (166) 812 Portfolio, (163) 276 Portfolio replication, (163) 115 Portfolio selection, (163) 115, (166) 278 Portfolio selection functionals, (163) 170 Portfolio theory, (163) 230 Positive solution, (164) 811 Possibility distribution, (164) 748 Possibility theory, (162) 450 Posterior probability, (165) 685 Postponement, (165) 748 Power, (163) 370 Power generation and transmission, (166) 449 Practice of OR, (163) 589 Precedence constraints, (164) 627, (165) 468 Preemption, (164) 851 Preemptive priority, (161) 224 Preemptive scheduling, (165) 649 Preference-based search, (162) 584 Preference measurement, (164) 760 Preference modelling, (162) 584 Preference relations, (160) 741 Present value, (164) 358 Preventive maintenance, (161) 183 Price setting, (166) 351

824 Price uncertainty, (161) 432 Pricing, (162) 690, (163) 30, 154, 192, (165) 157, (166) 246 Pricing strategy, (163) 530 Primal–dual interior-point methods, (165) 598 Principal component analysis, (166) 528 Printed circuit board assembly, (164) 609 Priority, (164) 206 Priority queues, (164) 387 Probabilistic traveling salesman problem, (162) 206 Probability distribution, (163) 230 Probability elicitation, (163) 388 Probability models, (165) 329 Probit, (166) 528 Problem complexity, (160) 485 Procedure, (160) 851 Process capability indices, (165) 685 Process control, (161) 148, (164) 324 Process industries, (165) 495 Processing time uncertainty, (164) 185 Processing-plus-wait, (165) 423 Process modeling, (160) 336 Product acquisition management, (163) 688 Product development, (160) 72 Production, (161) 812, (162) 372, (163) 784, (164) 341, (165) 525, (166) 547 Production planning, (162) 310, (163) 706, (165) 139, (166) 406, (167) 398 Production/Inventory, (164) 195 Production quantity, (165) 157 Production/scheduling, (164) 491 Production scheduling, (161) 42, 86, 191, (164) 185 Production systems, (166) 310 Productivity, (161) 525, (163) 545 Productivity and competition, (161) 447 Productivity and competitiveness, (161) 505 Product returns, (161) 162 Product take-back, (164) 143 Profitability forecasting, (167) 518 Profit efficiency, (162) 850 Programming, (167) 208 Progressive Hedging Algorithm, (163) 217 Project contracts, (165) 329 Project management, (165) 329, 359 Project management and scheduling, (160) 72, (161) 683, (164) 639, (165) 289, (167) 663 Project planning, (165) 307 Project scheduling, (165) 339 Propositional logic, (160) 741 Pseudo-Boolean optimization, (165) 416 Pseudoinvexity, (165) 592

Keyword Index Public sector, (161) 525 Purchase restriction, (161) 838 Put–call parity, (163) 192 Quadratic assignment, (160) 416 Quadratic programming, (161) 655, (162) 713, (164) 79, (166) 35 Qualitative decision theory, (160) 762 Quality control, (161) 148, (164) 324, (165) 685 Quality management, (161) 416, (164) 324, (166) 293 Quasi-birth and death process, (164) 387 Queue control, (167) 349 Queueing, (163) 482, (164) 387, (165) 794, (167) 144, 179, 349 Queueing network, (167) 163 Queueing problems, (165) 251 Queueing theory, (162) 83 Queuing, (163) 434, 733, (164) 341, (166) 310 Railway, (167) 752 Random forests, (164) 252 Random keys, (167) 77 Random number, (164) 402 Random problem generator, (162) 484 Random search, (164) 811 Random software testing, (162) 552 Random yield, (165) 231 Ranking and selection, (166) 133 Ratio matrix, (163) 357 Ratio-test-free, (167) 20 Real options, (161) 499, (164) 829 Real-time, (164) 52 Recall cost, (165) 765 Recourse approach, (162) 619 Rectangular container, (160) 19 Recycling, (160) 268 Reentrant shops, (167) 644 Reflexivity, (160) 726 Reformulation–linearization technique (RLT), (165) 625 Regression, (162) 484, (164) 287, (165) 826 Reinforcement learning, (160) 614 Relational data, (166) 221 Release dates, (165) 314 Reliability, (164) 378, (165) 786 Remanufacturing, (163) 688, (164) 143, 341 Reorderings, (165) 810 Reorder-point lot-sizing policy, (160) 63 Replacement, (163) 445 Replacement policy, (162) 359 Re-scheduling, (161) 111 Rescheduling, (161) 86

Research and development, (163) 784 Resource allocation, (160) 72, (162) 112, (165) 307 Resource-constrained project scheduling, (165) 375 Resource-cost, (165) 157 Resource dependent processing times, (162) 727 Resource dependent release times, (162) 727 Resource-sharing, (165) 139 Retailing, (161) 162, (162) 792, (164) 252 Retention analysis, (164) 252 Return, (163) 276 Returns to scale, (161) 469, 536 Reverse logistics, (160) 268 Reverse rule of order 2, (165) 786 Rework cycle, (160) 72 Rigid demand, (165) 231 Risk, (163) 276, 769 Risk analysis, (161) 337, (164) 287 Risk aversion, (161) 386 Risk management, (164) 120, (166) 507, 782 Risk measures, (163) 5, 115 Robot, (162) 99 Robotic cells, (162) 291 Robustness, (165) 289, (166) 794, (167) 796 Robustness and sensitivity analysis, (160) 172 Robust optimization, (161) 771 Rolling schedule, (163) 751 Rough sets, (160) 696, (166) 649 Routing, (160) 139, 395, 457, (165) 668, 794, (166) 497, 828 Routing flexibility, (166) 369 Rule extraction, (166) 717 Runs test, (163) 102 Safety factor, (162) 805 Safety stocks, (162) 372 Sample-size allocation, (166) 133 Sampling, (167) 96 Satisfaction functions, (162) 610 Scalar co-dependence measures, (163) 5 Scenarios, (162) 418, (163) 217, (164) 287 Schedule stability, (165) 289 Scheduling, (160) 190, 445, 471, 576, (161) 11, 21, 32, 62, 73, 126, 704, 754, 780, (162) 45, 99, 112, 173, 184, 281, 727, 740, (164) 39, 52, 585, 609, 627, 680, 851, (165) 34, 82, 267, 387, 408, 444, 457, 468, 479, 495, 525, 668, 843, (166) 3, 51, 369, 497, 812, (167) 77, 179, 243, 272, 283, 297, 320, 336, 624, 644, 752, 796 Scheduling under uncertainty, (165) 289

Keyword Index Seaport automobile terminals, (166) 726 Search, (160) 851 Search algorithms, (164) 79 Search and Rescue, (162) 630 Search theory, (162) 630 Seasonality, (160) 501 Second order duality, (161) 673 Second order F-convexity, (164) 406 Second order pseudo-invex functions, (161) 673 Second order symmetric dual model, (164) 406 Second-order symmetric dual models, (165) 585 Secondary markets of durable goods, (164) 143 Securities, (166) 520 Security, (164) 680 Selective collective operation, (167) 550 Self-scheduling, (164) 510 Semidefinite programming, (164) 417 Semiparametric models, (162) 839 e-Sensitivity analysis, (164) 417 Sensitivity analysis, (164) 417, (167) 1 Separable non-decreasing function, (165) 444 Sequence alignment, (161) 585 Sequence assembling, (161) 585 Sequence dependent setup times, (165) 34 Sequence-dependent set-up, (161) 704 Sequence pair, (167) 48 Sequential decision making, (166) 576 Service criterion, (162) 805 Service level, (162) 342 Setups, (165) 794 Setup times, (165) 398, (167) 272, 283 Shadow price, (165) 157 Shannon’s entropy of information, (163) 170 Shared savings, (163) 653 Sharpe, (163) 276 Shift systems, (165) 708 Shipment planning, (163) 631 Shop scheduling, (165) 314 Shortest paths, (165) 97 Similarity measure, (160) 726 Simple game, (163) 370 Simplex, (161) 636 Simplex plot, (167) 493 Simulated annealing, (164) 12, 440, 639, (166) 77, (167) 772 Simulation, (161) 111, 298, (163) 52, (164) 185, 287, 402, (165) 696, 826, (166) 133, 615, 694, 769, 812, (167) 226, 320 Simulation analysis, (163) 132 Simulation modeling, (164) 800 Simulation output analysis, (162) 403

Simultaneous approximation, (167) 592 Single machine, (160) 190, (162) 112, (164) 851, (165) 20, 843 Single machine scheduling, (161) 3, (165) 416, 423 Single resource, (164) 52 Single server, (165) 398 Siting models, (165) 1 Skiving option, (163) 617 Sliding window system, (163) 418 SLK due-dates, (165) 423 SMD placement machine, (164) 609 Social security, (166) 782 Software cybernetics, (162) 552 Software development, (167) 663 Software testing, (162) 552 Spacefilling curve, (164) 440 Spanning tree problem, (161) 771 Spare parts, (163) 733, (165) 207 Spectral risk measures and acceptable risk weights, (163) 5 Spectral test, (164) 402 (s,S) policy, (166) 385 Stability, (165) 569 Stability analysis, (160) 676 Stabilization, (165) 598 Stable distributions, (163) 201 Stackelberg game, (161) 203 Stackelberg games, (166) 469 Staggering of deliveries, (167) 129 Standardization, (162) 713 Standby redundancy, (162) 359 State dependent fluid queueing networks, (167) 116 State preference theory, (163) 230 State space reduction, (162) 122 Stationary policy, (167) 129 Statistical analysis, (167) 413 Statistical simulation methods, (163) 65 Statistics, (166) 185, 520 Steady state optimal control, (162) 786 Steiner arborescence, (164) 505 Stochastic, (163) 688 Stochastic comparison, (165) 810 Stochastic comparisons, (164) 195 Stochastic dominance, (162) 442 Stochastic dynamic programming, (164) 829 Stochastic frontiers, (167) 257 Stochastic goal programming, (162) 610 Stochastic model applications, (166) 576 Stochastic optimal control, (161) 797 Stochastic optimization, (166) 782 Stochastic processes, (161) 812, (163) 30, 52

825 Stochastic programming, (160) 268, (162) 619, (163) 217, (165) 569, (167) 35, 96 Stochastic systems, (164) 475 Stochastic volatility, (163) 145 Stochastic work content, (165) 307 Stock index futures, (163) 177 Stock market bubbles, (163) 20 Stock markets, (163) 253 Stockout, (163) 751 Storage facilities, (165) 495 Strategic group, (166) 160 Strategic management, (167) 543 Strategic planning, (162) 4 Strict converse duality, (160) 202 Strongly NP-hard, (163) 569 Structural control, (161) 86 Structured modeling, (166) 615 Subordinated debt, (161) 364, (163) 94 Subset sum problems, (160) 47 Substitution, (163) 688 Sufficient optimality conditions, (160) 202 Super-efficiency, (161) 545 Supply chain, (162) 153, (163) 589, (165) 182 Supply chain configuration, (165) 219 Supply chain management, (161) 797, (162) 325, (163) 575, 589, 653, 706, 802, (164) 143, 158, (166) 726, (167) 370, 413 Supply chain models, (161) 203 Supply chain network design, (167) 96 Supply chain planning, (163) 668 Supply chains, (164) 120 Supply contracts, (163) 653 Supply-chain characteristics, (160) 365 Support vector machine, (162) 514, (166) 756 Surrogate relaxation, (160) 471 Survey, (165) 1 Survey instrument design, (166) 293 Survivability, (164) 680 Sustainable development, (164) 475 Symbolic knowledge modeling, (166) 666 Symmetric duality, (161) 673 Synchronized zoning, (166) 489 System dynamics, (160) 72, 325, (162) 239 Tabu search, (161) 636, 683, (162) 99, 220, (164) 639, (165) 70, (166) 63 Tail truncation, (163) 201 Tardiness, (161) 780, (162) 173, (165) 423 Tardy jobs, (167) 679 Target problem, (162) 503 Tariff, (165) 157 Tariffs, (162) 191

826 Taylor rules, (163) 20 Technical efficiency, (167) 257 Technological innovation, (166) 741 Telecommunication, (161) 598, (164) 456 Telecommunication network, (160) 821 Telecommunications, (160) 3, 395, (163) 482, (166) 828, (167) 243 Temporal abstraction techniques, (160) 325 Term structure, (163) 154 Testing methodology, (166) 51 Testing resource constraint, (162) 552 Textile logistics, (161) 275 Thai Stock Market, (163) 242 The bullwhip effect, (161) 797 Thermal equilibrium, (166) 77 The shortest path, (161) 736 Time-bound adjustments, (164) 24 Time–cost tradeoff, (165) 339 Time/cost trade-off problem, (165) 359 Time discounting, (162) 773 Time interval, (162) 433 Time series, (160) 501, (162) 403 Timetabling, (160) 106 Time-varying demand, (162) 773 Time windows, (162) 220 Time-switch constraints, (165) 359 Tobin, (163) 276 Tolerance approach, (160) 232, (167) 1 Tool changes, (164) 627 Topographical map with cellular decomposition, (161) 736 Total completion time, (161) 3, (163) 569 Total flowtime, (167) 772 Total tardiness, (165) 843 Total unimodularity, (164) 575 Tournament, (164) 778 Transaction costs, (163) 115 Transformation model, (164) 680 Transitivity, (160) 726 Transplantation, (164) 548 Transportation capacity, (167) 129

Keyword Index Transportation, (162) 70, 99, (163) 589, (164) 64, (166) 25, (167) 320, 550, 574, 752 Transshipments, (167) 370 Traveling salesman, (160) 154, (165) 555 Traveling salesman problem, (162) 700, (166) 77 Travelling salesman, (160) 457, 599, (162) 142 Travelling salesman problem, (161) 11 Triage, (160) 696 Triangular norm, (160) 726 Tropical cyclone prediction, (160) 308 Trust region, (160) 121 Two-commodity flow, (164) 89 Two-moment approximation, (167) 163

Valid inequalities, (160) 47, (163) 631 Valuation, (161) 499 VaR, (163) 769 Variables fixing, (165) 70 Variational inequalities, (164) 120 Vector optimization, (162) 497 Vehicle routing, (162) 126, 220, (165) 657 Vehicle transhipment, (166) 726 Vendor managed inventory, (164) 158 Venture capital, (163) 545 Venture capitalist, (162) 673 Vertex enumeration, (166) 35 Visual interactive modelling, (160) 172 Volatility forecasting, (163) 102 Volatility smile, (163) 201 Voting, (163) 370

UMTS, (164) 456 Uncertain reasoning, (162) 442 Uncertain recall, (165) 765 Uncertainty, (160) 268, (162) 450, (167) 208 Uncertainty activity duration, (164) 715 Uncertainty analysis, (164) 491 Uncertainty modeling, (160) 227, (161) 240, (166) 794 Uncertainty modelling, (161) 337, (163) 170, (164) 287, (166) 278, (167) 444 Underground mining, (166) 497 Unequal department size, (165) 55 Unit communication delays, (165) 468 Unit execution times, (165) 468 Universal moment generating function, (163) 418 University timetabling, (160) 106 Unrelated machines, (165) 457 Unreliable machines, (161) 854 Urban infrastructures, (162) 654 UTADIS method, (163) 462 Utility functions, (160) 741 Utility theory, (160) 380, (162) 450, (163) 170, (164) 760, (166) 655 Utilization improvement, (166) 489

Warehousing, (166) 489 Warranty policy, (163) 445 Waste collection, (165) 535 Waste management, (166) 843 Water resources, (167) 208 Weibull distribution, (164) 367 Weight restrictions, (161) 432 Weighted average cost of capital, (161) 377 Weighted completion time variance, (162) 45 Weighted independent set, (167) 68 Weighted set packing, (167) 68 Winner determination, (160) 380 Work in progress, (164) 354 Workflow design, (161) 683 Workflow, (160) 336 Worst case analysis, (161) 3, (166) 25, 63 Yard crane scheduling, (164) 64 Yield management, (166) 246 Zero inventory ordering policy, (167) 129 Zero–one, (166) 35 Zonotope, (166) 35