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Kinetics of damage accumulation of rock salt during creep
67A
Time dependent behaviour
8140~2 M i m i C S OF DAMAGE ACCUMULATION OF ROCK SALT DURING CREEP Kovmlevj 0 V; Lltov, Y N; Emanovski, Y I
814038 ~ I C A L MODEL FOR ROCE WITH TIMEDEPENDENT STRENGTN Kaiser, P K; Mc~genstern, N R Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, VIS, N2, A~-ll 1981, P153-16~ A phenomemolo6ical model describing %~-~-depe~dent failure process in strain-weakening rock is presented, described and tested qualitatively on published test results from creep tests, relaxation tests and variable strain rate tests. The model postulates that rock basically consists of a time-depemient and a time-imdepe~ient resista~e to deformation. Various parameter distrib u t i o n functions are required to model different
types of rocks or rock masses in detail, but it is shown that the proposed model describes essentially all observed time-dependent rock failure data. 814039 STEADY STATE CREEP OF FINE GRAIN GRANITE AT PARTIAL MELTING Auer, F; Berckhemer, H; Oe~Ischlegel, O J Geophys, V~9, N~, 1981, I~9-92 Steady state creep under constant stress has been measured in a fine grain granite for the temperature range of partial melting 860-1060 deg C under a hydrostatic pressure of 4.2 kbar and at low shear stresses of 5-5Obar. Rheologlcal measurements are complemented by microscovic observations. 8140~0 MECHANICAL B~HAVIOR OF NEW TRIAXIAL COMPRESSION UP TO Wawerslk, W R; Hs_unu~, D J Geophys Res, V85, NB2,
MEXICO ROCK SALT IN 200 DEG C W l0 Feb 1980,
~9~-~o E x p e r i m e n t s were c o n d u c t e d t o d e t e r ~ n e t h e 'quasi-static' mechanical behaviour of rock salt in support of the structural design of a
waste isolation pilot plant. Three grOUpS of tests are discussed to identify the relative and slte-specific i m p a s s e of deviator stressl confining pressure (mean stress), temperature, time (loading rate), ard stress path. The three g r o u p s o f experl,~nts consist cf (I) h~rostatic loading, (2) triaxial compression tests, ar~ (3) variable stress path tests. The rock salt exhibited nonlinear response urder all loading conditions, a low initial elastic limit s~d an apparent Inseyarahility of permammnt d e f c a ~ l o n s into time-independent and time-depandent ccmponsnts. Pressure and temperature did not alter the elastic constants, but affected the primcIpal strain ratio, the ratio of volumetric tO shear strain, rock salt ductility, and the ultimate s t r e s s . I n particular, low pressure and temperature permitted pronounced dilatancy ami loss in load bearir~ ability. 814041 DYNAMIC RECRYSTALLIZATION OF G L M N E SINGLE CRYSTALS DURING HIGH-TSMP~TURE CREEP Karato, S I; Tc~iumi, M; Fu~ii, T GeoDhys Res Lett, VT, Ng, Sept 1980,
~6~6~2 Relx~-ts compression tests to large strains in which olivine sir~le crystals were converted to Ix~ymryst~l~ne aggregates. Relates to mechanisms of high stress rock deformation.
znt J Zngng scl, v19, N3, z98z, ~5z-45~ Microfracturing of rock salt specimens durlmg creep t e s t s in unlaxial compression was measured by the method of impulse electromagnetic radiation, the number of signals being taken as a measure of ~--~ge accumulation. The rupture curve of rock salt is given and the kinetics of d--~ge accumulation is derived. 814C43 UNIAXIAL CREEP OF OIL SHALE UNDER ELEVATED T~4F~%ATURES Chu, M S; Chang, N Y Proc 21st US Symposium on Rock Mechanics, Rolla, Missouri, 28-30 May 1980, P207-216 RepQrts an investigation of the effects of elevated temperatures on the strength ar~ creep of oll shale of dlfferen% greaes. Both stremgth and Youmg's modulus decreased substantially when t e s t temperature was increased from 75 deg to ~ O deg F. Results also indicate that creep rate is extremely sensitive to any temperature variations. Predicted creep behaviour, using a rheological model, was in general agreement with experimental results. 814044 C R ~ P OF ROCKSALT AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE Hansen, F D; Carter, N L Proc 21st US Symposium on Rock Mechanics, Rolla, Missouri, 28-30 May 1980, P217-226 Relx~s quasi-static triaxial compression and creep tests on rocksalt samples with differences in fabricj grain size and impurity content. Transient creep was observed in all samples. At higher temperatures ani increased stresses there is a transition from transient into steady state creep. 8140~5 C R ~ P COMPACTION OF GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR ROCK Schatz, J F; Carlisle, S; Wolgemuth, K Prom 21st US Symposium on Rock Mechanics, Rolla, Missouri, 28-30 May 1980, P227-232 Describes experimental c~npactlon of sedimentary rock by pure pressure reduction. Discusses the problem of extrapolation of laboratory results to very long time scales.
Physico-chemical properties 8140~6 DENSITIES AND MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF
m~caeR~.~ ROCKSOF D . ~ ' ~ ' ~
~m~O~C
O~D~.
(scxn',m~ :~r~u~ ~r~m.D) SuBrah~, C; Vemma~ R K J Geol~hys, V~9, 172, 1981, P101-107 814047 DIFFUSION IN THE ROCK MATRIX: AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN RADIONUCLIDE RETARDATION? Ner etnieks, I J Geophys Res, V85, NBS, i0 Aug 1980,
m37~4397 Discusses migration of radlonuclldes in the bed.rock surrounding a repository far spent
nuclear fuel by analyslm6 the accessibility of the rock matrix to the radlonuclides, the transport mechanisms being flow of water a~d nuclides in the fissures and pare diffusion.
Time dependent behaviour
8140~2 M i m i C S OF DAMAGE ACCUMULATION OF ROCK SALT DURING CREEP Kovmlevj 0 V; Lltov, Y N; Emanovski, Y I
814038 ~ I C A L MODEL FOR ROCE WITH TIMEDEPENDENT STRENGTN Kaiser, P K; Mc~genstern, N R Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, VIS, N2, A~-ll 1981, P153-16~ A phenomemolo6ical model describing %~-~-depe~dent failure process in strain-weakening rock is presented, described and tested qualitatively on published test results from creep tests, relaxation tests and variable strain rate tests. The model postulates that rock basically consists of a time-depemient and a time-imdepe~ient resista~e to deformation. Various parameter distrib u t i o n functions are required to model different
types of rocks or rock masses in detail, but it is shown that the proposed model describes essentially all observed time-dependent rock failure data. 814039 STEADY STATE CREEP OF FINE GRAIN GRANITE AT PARTIAL MELTING Auer, F; Berckhemer, H; Oe~Ischlegel, O J Geophys, V~9, N~, 1981, I~9-92 Steady state creep under constant stress has been measured in a fine grain granite for the temperature range of partial melting 860-1060 deg C under a hydrostatic pressure of 4.2 kbar and at low shear stresses of 5-5Obar. Rheologlcal measurements are complemented by microscovic observations. 8140~0 MECHANICAL B~HAVIOR OF NEW TRIAXIAL COMPRESSION UP TO Wawerslk, W R; Hs_unu~, D J Geophys Res, V85, NB2,
MEXICO ROCK SALT IN 200 DEG C W l0 Feb 1980,
~9~-~o E x p e r i m e n t s were c o n d u c t e d t o d e t e r ~ n e t h e 'quasi-static' mechanical behaviour of rock salt in support of the structural design of a
waste isolation pilot plant. Three grOUpS of tests are discussed to identify the relative and slte-specific i m p a s s e of deviator stressl confining pressure (mean stress), temperature, time (loading rate), ard stress path. The three g r o u p s o f experl,~nts consist cf (I) h~rostatic loading, (2) triaxial compression tests, ar~ (3) variable stress path tests. The rock salt exhibited nonlinear response urder all loading conditions, a low initial elastic limit s~d an apparent Inseyarahility of permammnt d e f c a ~ l o n s into time-independent and time-depandent ccmponsnts. Pressure and temperature did not alter the elastic constants, but affected the primcIpal strain ratio, the ratio of volumetric tO shear strain, rock salt ductility, and the ultimate s t r e s s . I n particular, low pressure and temperature permitted pronounced dilatancy ami loss in load bearir~ ability. 814041 DYNAMIC RECRYSTALLIZATION OF G L M N E SINGLE CRYSTALS DURING HIGH-TSMP~TURE CREEP Karato, S I; Tc~iumi, M; Fu~ii, T GeoDhys Res Lett, VT, Ng, Sept 1980,
~6~6~2 Relx~-ts compression tests to large strains in which olivine sir~le crystals were converted to Ix~ymryst~l~ne aggregates. Relates to mechanisms of high stress rock deformation.
znt J Zngng scl, v19, N3, z98z, ~5z-45~ Microfracturing of rock salt specimens durlmg creep t e s t s in unlaxial compression was measured by the method of impulse electromagnetic radiation, the number of signals being taken as a measure of ~--~ge accumulation. The rupture curve of rock salt is given and the kinetics of d--~ge accumulation is derived. 814C43 UNIAXIAL CREEP OF OIL SHALE UNDER ELEVATED T~4F~%ATURES Chu, M S; Chang, N Y Proc 21st US Symposium on Rock Mechanics, Rolla, Missouri, 28-30 May 1980, P207-216 RepQrts an investigation of the effects of elevated temperatures on the strength ar~ creep of oll shale of dlfferen% greaes. Both stremgth and Youmg's modulus decreased substantially when t e s t temperature was increased from 75 deg to ~ O deg F. Results also indicate that creep rate is extremely sensitive to any temperature variations. Predicted creep behaviour, using a rheological model, was in general agreement with experimental results. 814044 C R ~ P OF ROCKSALT AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE Hansen, F D; Carter, N L Proc 21st US Symposium on Rock Mechanics, Rolla, Missouri, 28-30 May 1980, P217-226 Relx~s quasi-static triaxial compression and creep tests on rocksalt samples with differences in fabricj grain size and impurity content. Transient creep was observed in all samples. At higher temperatures ani increased stresses there is a transition from transient into steady state creep. 8140~5 C R ~ P COMPACTION OF GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR ROCK Schatz, J F; Carlisle, S; Wolgemuth, K Prom 21st US Symposium on Rock Mechanics, Rolla, Missouri, 28-30 May 1980, P227-232 Describes experimental c~npactlon of sedimentary rock by pure pressure reduction. Discusses the problem of extrapolation of laboratory results to very long time scales.
Physico-chemical properties 8140~6 DENSITIES AND MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF
m~caeR~.~ ROCKSOF D . ~ ' ~ ' ~
~m~O~C
O~D~.
(scxn',m~ :~r~u~ ~r~m.D) SuBrah~, C; Vemma~ R K J Geol~hys, V~9, 172, 1981, P101-107 814047 DIFFUSION IN THE ROCK MATRIX: AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN RADIONUCLIDE RETARDATION? Ner etnieks, I J Geophys Res, V85, NBS, i0 Aug 1980,
m37~4397 Discusses migration of radlonuclldes in the bed.rock surrounding a repository far spent
nuclear fuel by analyslm6 the accessibility of the rock matrix to the radlonuclides, the transport mechanisms being flow of water a~d nuclides in the fissures and pare diffusion.