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L 002 Early Glucometabolic Profile in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes and Metabolic Syndrome
LIPIDS
L 001
Changes in the Functional Properties of High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and the Cholesteryl Esters and Phospholipids Transfer Proteins Activities in Hamsters Submitted to Hiperlipidemic Diet
Oliveira TV¹, Maniero F¹, Maranhão RC 1,2 1Departamento de Metabolismo Lipídico, Instituto do Coração – InCor – Faculdade de Medicina; 2Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Studies have evaluated the antioxidants and anti-inflammatory actions and the capacity of promove cholesterol efflux of the high density lipoprotein (HDL). However, other aspects of the HDL metabolism should be sought to evaluate its antiatherogenic action. Here, we tested the hypothesis whether a hyperlipidemic diet changes the ability of HDL to simultaneously receive phospholipids (PL), free cholesterol (FC), cholesteryl esters (CE) and triglycerides (TG) from an artificial lipidic nanoemulsion, the activity of paraoxonase-1 and the CE transfer protein and the PL transfer protein activities in hamsters. Thirty-nine adult male Golden-Syrian hamsters were fed hyperlipidemic diet containing 0.5% cholesterol and 10% coconut oil (n = 20, hyperlipidemic diet group) and a regular chow diet (n = 19, control group) for 15 wk. Then the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for determination of plasma lipids, paraoxonase-1, CE and PL transfer proteins. Simultaneous transfer of FC, CE, TG and PL from an artificial lipidic nanoemulsion to HDL was performed in an in vitro assay, in which a nanoemulsion doubled labeled with either 14C-FC and 3H-TG or 14C-PL and 3H-CE was incubated with plasma and the radioactivity was counted in the HDL fraction after chemical precipitation. Plasma total cholesterol, HDL-C, non- HDL-C and CE and PL transfer proteins activities were greater in the hyperlipidemic diet group than in the control group. Also, the transfer rates of FC, CE, TG and PL were greater in the hyperlipidemic diet group compared with control group. However, TG levels and PON1 activity were similar between the groups. The hyperlipidemic diet leads to a disturbance in the ability of HDL to receive lipids and in the transfer proteins activities in hamster, which may change the antiatherogenic properties of this lipoprotein. L 002
Early Glucometabolic Profile in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes and Metabolic Syndrome
Monteiro CMC, Izar MCO, Pinheiro LFM, Brandão SAB, Oliveira L, Fischer SCPM, Santos AO, Carvalho ACC, Paola AAV, Fonseca FAH Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Background: Patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) are at high coronary risk and beta cell dysfunction or insulin resistance might predict additional risk for early cardiovascular events. This study aimed to evaluate early glucometabolic alterations among patients with MetS but without previously known type 2 diabetes after an acute coronary syndrome. Methods: A total of 114 patients were subjected to an OGTT 1-3 days after hospital discharge due to myocardial infarction or unstable angina. Based on the OGTT we defined three groups of patients: normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n = 26), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT; n = 39), or diabetes (DM; n = 49). The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) was used to estimate insulin resistance; beta cell responsiveness was examined by the insulinogenic index at 30 min (DI30/DG30). Results: Based on the HOMA-IR, patients with DM were more insulin resistant than those with NGT or IGT (p < 0.001). According to the insulinogenic index, the beta cell responsiveness was also impaired in subjects with DM (p < 0.001 vs. NGT or IGT). Conclusions: High rates of glucometabolic alterations were found after acute coronary syndrome in patients with MetS. As these abnormalities markedly increase the risk for adverse outcomes, early OGTT among MetS patients might be used to identify those at the highest coronary risk.
XII Brazilian Congress of Atherosclerosis
L 003
The role Monocyte Derived Microparticles in the Process of Atherosclerosis: Oxidative Effects on LDL and HDL
Pitanga TN, Santos FM, Meirelles T, Dutra AAN, Carvalho LCP Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz, Salvador, BA, Brazil Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory vascular disease caused among other factors by an increase in oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein (LDLox). In contrast the other abundant class of lipoprotein, the High Density Lipoprotein (LDL), has an anti-atherogeniceffect due largely by the presence of the antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase (PON). Monocytes and macrophages are two of the main players in the development of atherogenesis. Recent studies show that microparticles (MPs) derived from these cells has an important role in the development of this pathology, as these MPs prevailed in the atheroma plaque. These studies was aimed at standardize the methods of detection of lipid peroxidation and PON activity with the objective of evaluate the oxidative effects of monocytes MPs upon lipoproteins, as accessed by dienes conjugation and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). MPs were obtained from in vitro cell activation. PON activity was measured by the spectrographic detection of paranitrophenol, product of hydrolysis of the substrate paraoxon. The oxidation of lipoproteins was achieved by the effect of reactive species produced by myeloperoxidase present in MPs (as identified by our group) in the presence of H2O2 a suitable Cl– contained buffer. As expect both diene conjugates (early on in the oxidation) and TBARS product (at later stage) were detected by the essays. The measurement of PON activity was standardized for the effect of inactivation of the enzyme by products of lipid- peroxidation. The formation of diene conjugate was more evident using MPs with human LDL.& nbsp; The aim of develop these methods were to discover the causative factors of atherosclerosis pathology. They proved efficient in the evaluation of the oxidative effects of MPs on human LDL, indicating its pivotal role in the mechanism of this disease. L 004
Inter Observer Variation in the Analyses of the Abdominal Circumference
Calvilho Jr. AA, Rinaldi FS, Montano ZT, Motta LGM, Bertolami A, Faludi AA, Araújo DB, Zatz HP, Bertolami MC, Amparo FC Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Introduction: The measure of the abdominal circumference (AC) is a routine procedure during medical practice and has a fundamental hole in quantification of cardio metabolic risk. It is recommended by guidelines of a variety of medical specialties. However, this kind of measure has a lot of failure, including technical patronization. Primary end point: Establish if there is a variation between the measures of AC made by different doctors. Secondary end point – establish if a specific train is able to reduce the variation of the measures made by these doctors. Methods: During a period of 30 days 4 doctors of the second year of cardiology residence measure the AC of the patients who attended the dyslipidemias ambulatory. During the first period, the evaluations were made based on doctors reading of the IV Guideline of Dyslipidemias and Atherosclerosis Prevention of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology. After 2 weeks doctors had a specific training to enhance their tecnic in measuring the AC. The results of the variability inter observer of the measures of the AC before and after training were calculated by the ANOVA test for non parametric data and for repeated measures the Mann-Whitney test was used. Results: 206 patients were evaluated before the training and others 191 after that. There were differences between the doctors either before and after the treatment (5.44 ± 4.00 and 3.24 ± 16.15, respectively, p < 0.001), however, we verified that the variability of the measures reduced after training (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Although the inter observer measure of the AC reduce after training, this method is neither exact, nor reproducible.
LIPIDS
/ 31
L 001
Changes in the Functional Properties of High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and the Cholesteryl Esters and Phospholipids Transfer Proteins Activities in Hamsters Submitted to Hiperlipidemic Diet
Oliveira TV¹, Maniero F¹, Maranhão RC 1,2 1Departamento de Metabolismo Lipídico, Instituto do Coração – InCor – Faculdade de Medicina; 2Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Studies have evaluated the antioxidants and anti-inflammatory actions and the capacity of promove cholesterol efflux of the high density lipoprotein (HDL). However, other aspects of the HDL metabolism should be sought to evaluate its antiatherogenic action. Here, we tested the hypothesis whether a hyperlipidemic diet changes the ability of HDL to simultaneously receive phospholipids (PL), free cholesterol (FC), cholesteryl esters (CE) and triglycerides (TG) from an artificial lipidic nanoemulsion, the activity of paraoxonase-1 and the CE transfer protein and the PL transfer protein activities in hamsters. Thirty-nine adult male Golden-Syrian hamsters were fed hyperlipidemic diet containing 0.5% cholesterol and 10% coconut oil (n = 20, hyperlipidemic diet group) and a regular chow diet (n = 19, control group) for 15 wk. Then the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for determination of plasma lipids, paraoxonase-1, CE and PL transfer proteins. Simultaneous transfer of FC, CE, TG and PL from an artificial lipidic nanoemulsion to HDL was performed in an in vitro assay, in which a nanoemulsion doubled labeled with either 14C-FC and 3H-TG or 14C-PL and 3H-CE was incubated with plasma and the radioactivity was counted in the HDL fraction after chemical precipitation. Plasma total cholesterol, HDL-C, non- HDL-C and CE and PL transfer proteins activities were greater in the hyperlipidemic diet group than in the control group. Also, the transfer rates of FC, CE, TG and PL were greater in the hyperlipidemic diet group compared with control group. However, TG levels and PON1 activity were similar between the groups. The hyperlipidemic diet leads to a disturbance in the ability of HDL to receive lipids and in the transfer proteins activities in hamster, which may change the antiatherogenic properties of this lipoprotein. L 002
Early Glucometabolic Profile in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes and Metabolic Syndrome
Monteiro CMC, Izar MCO, Pinheiro LFM, Brandão SAB, Oliveira L, Fischer SCPM, Santos AO, Carvalho ACC, Paola AAV, Fonseca FAH Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Background: Patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) are at high coronary risk and beta cell dysfunction or insulin resistance might predict additional risk for early cardiovascular events. This study aimed to evaluate early glucometabolic alterations among patients with MetS but without previously known type 2 diabetes after an acute coronary syndrome. Methods: A total of 114 patients were subjected to an OGTT 1-3 days after hospital discharge due to myocardial infarction or unstable angina. Based on the OGTT we defined three groups of patients: normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n = 26), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT; n = 39), or diabetes (DM; n = 49). The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) was used to estimate insulin resistance; beta cell responsiveness was examined by the insulinogenic index at 30 min (DI30/DG30). Results: Based on the HOMA-IR, patients with DM were more insulin resistant than those with NGT or IGT (p < 0.001). According to the insulinogenic index, the beta cell responsiveness was also impaired in subjects with DM (p < 0.001 vs. NGT or IGT). Conclusions: High rates of glucometabolic alterations were found after acute coronary syndrome in patients with MetS. As these abnormalities markedly increase the risk for adverse outcomes, early OGTT among MetS patients might be used to identify those at the highest coronary risk.
XII Brazilian Congress of Atherosclerosis
L 003
The role Monocyte Derived Microparticles in the Process of Atherosclerosis: Oxidative Effects on LDL and HDL
Pitanga TN, Santos FM, Meirelles T, Dutra AAN, Carvalho LCP Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz, Salvador, BA, Brazil Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory vascular disease caused among other factors by an increase in oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein (LDLox). In contrast the other abundant class of lipoprotein, the High Density Lipoprotein (LDL), has an anti-atherogeniceffect due largely by the presence of the antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase (PON). Monocytes and macrophages are two of the main players in the development of atherogenesis. Recent studies show that microparticles (MPs) derived from these cells has an important role in the development of this pathology, as these MPs prevailed in the atheroma plaque. These studies was aimed at standardize the methods of detection of lipid peroxidation and PON activity with the objective of evaluate the oxidative effects of monocytes MPs upon lipoproteins, as accessed by dienes conjugation and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). MPs were obtained from in vitro cell activation. PON activity was measured by the spectrographic detection of paranitrophenol, product of hydrolysis of the substrate paraoxon. The oxidation of lipoproteins was achieved by the effect of reactive species produced by myeloperoxidase present in MPs (as identified by our group) in the presence of H2O2 a suitable Cl– contained buffer. As expect both diene conjugates (early on in the oxidation) and TBARS product (at later stage) were detected by the essays. The measurement of PON activity was standardized for the effect of inactivation of the enzyme by products of lipid- peroxidation. The formation of diene conjugate was more evident using MPs with human LDL.& nbsp; The aim of develop these methods were to discover the causative factors of atherosclerosis pathology. They proved efficient in the evaluation of the oxidative effects of MPs on human LDL, indicating its pivotal role in the mechanism of this disease. L 004
Inter Observer Variation in the Analyses of the Abdominal Circumference
Calvilho Jr. AA, Rinaldi FS, Montano ZT, Motta LGM, Bertolami A, Faludi AA, Araújo DB, Zatz HP, Bertolami MC, Amparo FC Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Introduction: The measure of the abdominal circumference (AC) is a routine procedure during medical practice and has a fundamental hole in quantification of cardio metabolic risk. It is recommended by guidelines of a variety of medical specialties. However, this kind of measure has a lot of failure, including technical patronization. Primary end point: Establish if there is a variation between the measures of AC made by different doctors. Secondary end point – establish if a specific train is able to reduce the variation of the measures made by these doctors. Methods: During a period of 30 days 4 doctors of the second year of cardiology residence measure the AC of the patients who attended the dyslipidemias ambulatory. During the first period, the evaluations were made based on doctors reading of the IV Guideline of Dyslipidemias and Atherosclerosis Prevention of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology. After 2 weeks doctors had a specific training to enhance their tecnic in measuring the AC. The results of the variability inter observer of the measures of the AC before and after training were calculated by the ANOVA test for non parametric data and for repeated measures the Mann-Whitney test was used. Results: 206 patients were evaluated before the training and others 191 after that. There were differences between the doctors either before and after the treatment (5.44 ± 4.00 and 3.24 ± 16.15, respectively, p < 0.001), however, we verified that the variability of the measures reduced after training (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Although the inter observer measure of the AC reduce after training, this method is neither exact, nor reproducible.
LIPIDS
/ 31