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L 021 Consumption of Margarine and Butter and Lipid Profiles and Inflammatory of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
L 021
Consumption of Margarine and Butter and Lipid Profiles and Inflammatory of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Gagliardi ACM, Pavão BL, Barbeiro DF, Maranhão RC, Souza HP, Santos RD Instituto de Cardiologia – InCor – Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Introduction: The metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with a high risk of atherosclerosis. The consumption of different dietary fatty acids can modulate lipid metabolism and the inflammatory process associated with atherosclerosis. Objective: To investigate the effect of supplementation of margarines and butter in the diet and usual activities on lipid profile, apolipoprotein, HDL metabolism and the inflammatory markers in patients with MS. Methods: We determined, after randomization, before and after 35 days of consumption of butter, margarine with trans fatty acids, margarine with phytosterols and margarine without trans fatty acid, lipid profile, glucose, Apo AI, Apo B and the markers of inflammation IL-6, CRP, E-selectin and CD40L. The transfer of lipids from HDL to a artificial lipidic nanoemulsion were also evaluated. Results: We studied 66 adults (47.6 ± 9.5 years, 63.6% women). There was no change in lipid profile of patients after consumption of products, the consumption of margarine with phytosterols significantly reduced the concentration of apolipoprotein B (–13.08%, p < 0.05), and the ratio Apo B / Apo AI (–11, 14%, p < 0.05). Significant changes were observed in the transfer of lipids to HDL from the nanoemulsion, and the group margarine without trans differed significantly from butter and margarine with trans for the transfer of CE (–23.6%, p < 0.05 ), the other groups in relation to the transfer of TG (–42.0%, p < 0.05), the groups with trans margarine and margarine with phytosterols in relation to the transfer of CL (–16.2%, p < 0, 05). Conclusion: The consumption of butter, margarine with trans fatty acids and margarine without trans fatty acids, in amounts considered by patients with MS do not change the lipid profile and inflammatory markers in these patients. The consumption of margarine with phytosterols presents an advantage over other products especially when compared to margarine with trans by favorably changing the concentrations of apolipoproteins. The margarine and butter studied caused alterations in the metabolism of HDL. L 022
Effects of Physical Activity and Statins in the Lipid Profile of Experimental Model Animal with Dyslipidemia
Accioly MF, Lima ALZ, Camargo Filho JC, Araujo EMDC, Padulla ST, Bonfim MR, Pinhel MAS, Brandão AC, Azoubel R, Souza DRS Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristovão, SE, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto – Famerp, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil Introduction: Statins are used in the treatment of dyslipidemias, whose benefits seem to be potencialized with the practice of physical exercise (PE). Objective: To evaluate the effect of PE associated with statins in the control of the lipid profile. METHOD: Wistar mice were used, distributed in groups: animals submitted to a hypercholesterolemic diet (HD); with sinvastatin (G1) and without sinvastatin (G2), PE; HD and fluvastatin, with (G3) and without PE (G4), fed with comercial ration with PE (G5) and without PE (G6); HD submitted (G7) or not submitted to PE (G8). It was measured the levels of total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein fraction (HDLc), triglicerydes (TG) and calculated the non-HDLc fraction of cholesterol (non-HDLc). A t test was applied paired with the significance level p < 0.05. Results: TC levels showed reduced in some groups submitted to PE (G3, G5 and G7) compared to the lack of PE (G6, G8, G2 and G4). Therefore, animals without sinvastatin treatment and PE showed more elevated levels of TC compared to G3, G5 and G7, all with PE. There was a reduction in the HDLc of groups with HD without use of statins (G7 and G8) compared with rest of the groups. The non-HDLc fraction showed reduced values in the groups G3, G4, G2 and G7, compared to G1, G6 and G8. It was observed reduced levels of TG in the groups G2, G3, G4, G5, G7 and G8 compared to G1 and G6. Conclusion: Sedentarism showed to be harmfull to the levels of TC, independently of the diet. PE can influenciate the reduction levels of TC, even with a HD, what does not occur to the non-HDLc fraction and TG. The use of fluvastatin, even with the lack of PE influences the reduction of the TC levels and non-HDLc fraction, equaling to the group with a balanced diet. The use of fluvastatin associated to PE seems to be the differencial in the reduction of TC levels, non-HDLc fraction and TG when compared to sinvastatin use. The variation of HDLc with HD showed resistent even with PE and cholesterol lowering drugs. 36
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LIPIDS
L 023
The Success of Cholesterol-lowering Treatment goes Beyond Pharmacological Therapy
Ibañez TLP, Capeletti JT, Barbosa RR, Cestari PF, Peres GMTLSR, Bertolami A, Faludi AA, Araújo DB, Zatz HP, Bertolami MC Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Background: Dyslipidemia is associated to the development of coronary artery disease, and its control represents an effective method for prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Unsuccess at reaching the target levels of LDL-c is a frequent challenge in clinical practice and the reasons for this are not explored on clinical trials. Methods: Retrospective analysis of dyslipidemic patients interviewed between April and May 2009, where data from the first and the present medical visit were compared. Through a questionnaire, the success of cholesterol- lowering treatment was evaluated according to the target levels of LDL-c, and factors associated with the unsuccess at reaching target levels of LDL-c were verified. Target levels of LDL-c were established individually, according to the Framingham cardiovascular risk score. Results: 532 consecutive patients were enrolled, medium age 62.8 years old, 39.8% male, 38.5% with previously diagnosed atherosclerotic disease. 44.5% had reached target levels of LDL-c at the present medical visit, with lower success rates in the groups with lower targets (p = 0.00). Medium follow-up was 3.9 years, and there was a reduction of 23.7% at medium LDL-c level, 16.4% at medium triglycerides level, 6.1% at medium blood glucose level, and a raise of 4.3% at medium HDL-c level in this period. Patients on pharmacological therapy were 63.1% at the first medical visit and 89.4% at the present medical visit. Among the individuals who did not reach the target levels of LDL-c the following frequencies were observed: lack of diet and/or physical activity –65.8%; incorrect use of prescribed medication –29.3%; use of insufficient dosage of prescribed medication –27.9%. In the group with LDL-c target < 70 mg/dL there was significant association between sedentariness and unsuccess at lowering LDL-c to the target. (p = 0,049). Conclusions: The questionnaire found the lack of diet and/or physical activity and inappropriate use of medication as the main reasons for remaining above the recommended lipid targets. There was significant association between sedentariness and unsuccess at reaching LDL-c target levels in the very high risk group. L 024
Genetic Variant of Ampk Affect the Metabolism of Lipids and Glucose in Chilean Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Salazar LA, Araya C, Estrada B, Saavedra N, Valdés P Laboratório de Biologia Molecular & Farmacogenética, Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile Background: Metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus usually occur earlier in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The enzyme AMPK regulates metabolism of carbohydrates, so the genetic variants may contribute to the development of these disturbances. Thus, the objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of the rs1124900 variant of AMPK in PCOS and controls, and assess their possible contribution to alterations of lipid metabolism and glucose. Methods: We have studied 120 women, 45 with PCOS and 75 controls. Glucidic metabolism was studied by test oral glucose tolerance, glucose and insulin measured at baseline and 120 min. Moreover, we measured serum lipids, hormones and HOMAIR value. The rs1124900 genetic variant was identified by PCR-RFLP technique. Results: No differences in the genotype distribution and allelic frequencies for the rs1124900 polymorphism between women with PCOS and controls (p > 0.05). However, when assessed the association between rs1124900 and the parameters related to lipid metabolism and glucidic, it was observed that women with PCOS carriers of the T mutated allele have higher values of basal glucose (p = 0.003), glucose 120 min (p = 0.021), insulin (p < 0.001), insulina 120 min (p = 0.032), HOMAIR (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p = 0.038) and LDL-C (p = 0.042). Conclusion: These findings suggest that the investigated genetic variant contributes to the metabolic abnormalities of PCOS, and consequently to increased cardiovascular risk in these women.
XII Brazilian Congress of Atherosclerosis
Consumption of Margarine and Butter and Lipid Profiles and Inflammatory of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Gagliardi ACM, Pavão BL, Barbeiro DF, Maranhão RC, Souza HP, Santos RD Instituto de Cardiologia – InCor – Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Introduction: The metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with a high risk of atherosclerosis. The consumption of different dietary fatty acids can modulate lipid metabolism and the inflammatory process associated with atherosclerosis. Objective: To investigate the effect of supplementation of margarines and butter in the diet and usual activities on lipid profile, apolipoprotein, HDL metabolism and the inflammatory markers in patients with MS. Methods: We determined, after randomization, before and after 35 days of consumption of butter, margarine with trans fatty acids, margarine with phytosterols and margarine without trans fatty acid, lipid profile, glucose, Apo AI, Apo B and the markers of inflammation IL-6, CRP, E-selectin and CD40L. The transfer of lipids from HDL to a artificial lipidic nanoemulsion were also evaluated. Results: We studied 66 adults (47.6 ± 9.5 years, 63.6% women). There was no change in lipid profile of patients after consumption of products, the consumption of margarine with phytosterols significantly reduced the concentration of apolipoprotein B (–13.08%, p < 0.05), and the ratio Apo B / Apo AI (–11, 14%, p < 0.05). Significant changes were observed in the transfer of lipids to HDL from the nanoemulsion, and the group margarine without trans differed significantly from butter and margarine with trans for the transfer of CE (–23.6%, p < 0.05 ), the other groups in relation to the transfer of TG (–42.0%, p < 0.05), the groups with trans margarine and margarine with phytosterols in relation to the transfer of CL (–16.2%, p < 0, 05). Conclusion: The consumption of butter, margarine with trans fatty acids and margarine without trans fatty acids, in amounts considered by patients with MS do not change the lipid profile and inflammatory markers in these patients. The consumption of margarine with phytosterols presents an advantage over other products especially when compared to margarine with trans by favorably changing the concentrations of apolipoproteins. The margarine and butter studied caused alterations in the metabolism of HDL. L 022
Effects of Physical Activity and Statins in the Lipid Profile of Experimental Model Animal with Dyslipidemia
Accioly MF, Lima ALZ, Camargo Filho JC, Araujo EMDC, Padulla ST, Bonfim MR, Pinhel MAS, Brandão AC, Azoubel R, Souza DRS Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristovão, SE, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto – Famerp, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil Introduction: Statins are used in the treatment of dyslipidemias, whose benefits seem to be potencialized with the practice of physical exercise (PE). Objective: To evaluate the effect of PE associated with statins in the control of the lipid profile. METHOD: Wistar mice were used, distributed in groups: animals submitted to a hypercholesterolemic diet (HD); with sinvastatin (G1) and without sinvastatin (G2), PE; HD and fluvastatin, with (G3) and without PE (G4), fed with comercial ration with PE (G5) and without PE (G6); HD submitted (G7) or not submitted to PE (G8). It was measured the levels of total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein fraction (HDLc), triglicerydes (TG) and calculated the non-HDLc fraction of cholesterol (non-HDLc). A t test was applied paired with the significance level p < 0.05. Results: TC levels showed reduced in some groups submitted to PE (G3, G5 and G7) compared to the lack of PE (G6, G8, G2 and G4). Therefore, animals without sinvastatin treatment and PE showed more elevated levels of TC compared to G3, G5 and G7, all with PE. There was a reduction in the HDLc of groups with HD without use of statins (G7 and G8) compared with rest of the groups. The non-HDLc fraction showed reduced values in the groups G3, G4, G2 and G7, compared to G1, G6 and G8. It was observed reduced levels of TG in the groups G2, G3, G4, G5, G7 and G8 compared to G1 and G6. Conclusion: Sedentarism showed to be harmfull to the levels of TC, independently of the diet. PE can influenciate the reduction levels of TC, even with a HD, what does not occur to the non-HDLc fraction and TG. The use of fluvastatin, even with the lack of PE influences the reduction of the TC levels and non-HDLc fraction, equaling to the group with a balanced diet. The use of fluvastatin associated to PE seems to be the differencial in the reduction of TC levels, non-HDLc fraction and TG when compared to sinvastatin use. The variation of HDLc with HD showed resistent even with PE and cholesterol lowering drugs. 36
/
LIPIDS
L 023
The Success of Cholesterol-lowering Treatment goes Beyond Pharmacological Therapy
Ibañez TLP, Capeletti JT, Barbosa RR, Cestari PF, Peres GMTLSR, Bertolami A, Faludi AA, Araújo DB, Zatz HP, Bertolami MC Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Background: Dyslipidemia is associated to the development of coronary artery disease, and its control represents an effective method for prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Unsuccess at reaching the target levels of LDL-c is a frequent challenge in clinical practice and the reasons for this are not explored on clinical trials. Methods: Retrospective analysis of dyslipidemic patients interviewed between April and May 2009, where data from the first and the present medical visit were compared. Through a questionnaire, the success of cholesterol- lowering treatment was evaluated according to the target levels of LDL-c, and factors associated with the unsuccess at reaching target levels of LDL-c were verified. Target levels of LDL-c were established individually, according to the Framingham cardiovascular risk score. Results: 532 consecutive patients were enrolled, medium age 62.8 years old, 39.8% male, 38.5% with previously diagnosed atherosclerotic disease. 44.5% had reached target levels of LDL-c at the present medical visit, with lower success rates in the groups with lower targets (p = 0.00). Medium follow-up was 3.9 years, and there was a reduction of 23.7% at medium LDL-c level, 16.4% at medium triglycerides level, 6.1% at medium blood glucose level, and a raise of 4.3% at medium HDL-c level in this period. Patients on pharmacological therapy were 63.1% at the first medical visit and 89.4% at the present medical visit. Among the individuals who did not reach the target levels of LDL-c the following frequencies were observed: lack of diet and/or physical activity –65.8%; incorrect use of prescribed medication –29.3%; use of insufficient dosage of prescribed medication –27.9%. In the group with LDL-c target < 70 mg/dL there was significant association between sedentariness and unsuccess at lowering LDL-c to the target. (p = 0,049). Conclusions: The questionnaire found the lack of diet and/or physical activity and inappropriate use of medication as the main reasons for remaining above the recommended lipid targets. There was significant association between sedentariness and unsuccess at reaching LDL-c target levels in the very high risk group. L 024
Genetic Variant of Ampk Affect the Metabolism of Lipids and Glucose in Chilean Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Salazar LA, Araya C, Estrada B, Saavedra N, Valdés P Laboratório de Biologia Molecular & Farmacogenética, Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile Background: Metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus usually occur earlier in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The enzyme AMPK regulates metabolism of carbohydrates, so the genetic variants may contribute to the development of these disturbances. Thus, the objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of the rs1124900 variant of AMPK in PCOS and controls, and assess their possible contribution to alterations of lipid metabolism and glucose. Methods: We have studied 120 women, 45 with PCOS and 75 controls. Glucidic metabolism was studied by test oral glucose tolerance, glucose and insulin measured at baseline and 120 min. Moreover, we measured serum lipids, hormones and HOMAIR value. The rs1124900 genetic variant was identified by PCR-RFLP technique. Results: No differences in the genotype distribution and allelic frequencies for the rs1124900 polymorphism between women with PCOS and controls (p > 0.05). However, when assessed the association between rs1124900 and the parameters related to lipid metabolism and glucidic, it was observed that women with PCOS carriers of the T mutated allele have higher values of basal glucose (p = 0.003), glucose 120 min (p = 0.021), insulin (p < 0.001), insulina 120 min (p = 0.032), HOMAIR (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p = 0.038) and LDL-C (p = 0.042). Conclusion: These findings suggest that the investigated genetic variant contributes to the metabolic abnormalities of PCOS, and consequently to increased cardiovascular risk in these women.
XII Brazilian Congress of Atherosclerosis