- Email: [email protected]
Landmark shepe in schizophrenia: Regional neuroanatomic correlates
600
Abstracts
DIaL. PSYCHIATRY 1996:39:500-666
339. CEREBELLAR VOLUME DEFICITS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA A. Deshmukh, E.V. Sullivan, D.H. Mathalon, lE. Desmond, B. Matsumoto, K.G. Lim. &
A. Pfefferbaurn Depanmcnt of Psychiatry and Behavioral Scicnces. Stanford University School of :\1cdicine tl1ld VA Palo Alto Health Care Systcm, Palo Alia. CA 94304 AbnonnaJities of cerebellar Sl",cture~ have been implicaled in the neuropathology of schizophrenia. The results of in "i!'{) ncuroimaging stUdies. however, are contradictory; some studies report smaller anterior venn is and larger fourth vcntricles in schizophrenics compared to controls and others report no differences. This inconsistency may be attributable, in p3rt, to imllging issues and lack of regional analysis. In this study we quantified regional cerebellar volumes in 19 mcn with DSM Ul·R diagnosis of schi1.ophrenia (age=43.4:.!::7.9 yr) and no history of alcohol dependence and 26 age- and gender-matched controls (ilge""45.9: 10.0 yr) using 3D·MRI. The images were aligned in Ta· lairach coordinates and resliced using intraMructural landmarks. The cerebellar hemispheres and four regions of the vennis were outlined manually anti se~menlcll inlo gray mailer. white maller, and CSF compartments. Relative 10 controls. the schizophrenic group had significantly smaller white mailer volumcs of both hcmispheres (lcrt<.OO4. right p<.OO2) ami larger fourth ventricle volumes (p=.OOO4). The volume of the vennat region that comprised the nodulus and uvula was also significantly smaller in the patient group (total tissue p
higher BPRS scores (59.4± 13.2) than the veteran group (age=40:t8.6 yr: BPRS=45.2±8.8). MRI volumes were adjusted for normnl variation in head size and lllJe. established from 73 healthy men. and were expressed as Z·scores. Relative to the controls, both palient lJroups had gray matter volume deficits in all conical regions. Repcoted meusures an.al)'sis of variance compariug the two schizophrenic groups revealed a significant region effect (p=.OOOI). where the greatest deficits were present ill the prefmnwi and temporal regions, but no group cflect (p<.20). The group·by-rcgion interaction showed a trend (p<.OS); follow-up tests indicated that lhe state hospital group had selectively grealer deficits in the prefrontal and tempoml·park:lal regions. Regional gray mtlUer volumes did not correlate signific3ntly with age at symptom onset. disease dUraliol"l. or BPRS scores in the patient groups separately or together. The gray matter volume deficit was present throughout the cortex in both schizophrenic groups and was most pronounced in prefrontal and temporol rcgions~ moreover, these two cortical regions were dispropot1ionatc1y involved in the more severely symptomatic, state hospital group. Thus. these results proville evidence for the generalizabilily of this pattern. which may be characteristic of schizophrenia. Supponed by MH 30854, Department of Veterans Affairs, California Depanment of Mental Hcnlth, and Napa State Hospital
341. LANDMARK SHAPE IN SCHIZOPHRENIA: REGIONAL NEUROANATOMIC CORRELATES
J.R. DeQunrdo, R. Rajaprabhakaran, P.L. Bookstein, J.A. Brunberg, & R. Tandon University of Michigan Schizophrenia Program. ISOO E. Medical Centcr Dr" Ann Arbor, M148109-0I16
340. A SCHIZOPHRENIA PROFILE OF REGIONAL CORTICAL ORAY MATIER DEFICITS E.V. Sullivan l , K.O. Lim l , D.H. Mathnlon l , I 2 • 2 ., L. Marsh, n.M. Benl , D. Hams, A. Hoff-, l l W,O Faustman , & A. Pfefferbnurn I Department of Psychiiltl)', Stanford Univcrsity School of Medicine lind VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto. CA 94304; 2Napa Stllte Hospital. Nllpil. CA
Quantitlltive MR( studies fr('m our laboratory have reported volume deficits present lhroughoul the cortcx but with gre:uest involvement in the prdrontnl lind tempo!".!l regions. This analysis qucstioned whether this regional dencit pattern was generalizable across patient samples. Accordingly, we compared MRf·derivcd volumes of gray maUer from six cortical regions in 71 veteran llnd 57 state hospital patients with schizophrenin~ 1111 were men. Although both groups had similor disease durations, the Slate hospital group was younger (35,9±8.2 yr) nnd had
This study invcstiglltcs the sites and cxtent of structurel neuropathology that contribute to focal landmllrk shape deformation in schizophrenia. We have previously demonstrntcd a locatized deformation of landmark shape Oil mid·sagittal MRI scans in patients with schizophrenia when compared to that of neurologic controls. The dala suggested thllt the neuroanatomic Ilbnonnality in schizophrenia is circumscribed, primarily involving the region of the posterior corpus callosum, upper brainst4:m. nnd superior cerebellum; there were no large-scale abnormalities noted. It was hypothesizctl that this finding on mid-sagittal MRI "cans rcpre~Cnled structurel chlln~e5 in limbic structures that communicate through the area demonstrated as llbnonual in the brains of patients with schizophrenia. The present study Is an lltlempt to identify, via volumetric region of intercst analysis, the neuroanatomic structures contributing to the land· mark Shilpe defonnation previously identified on mid·sagilllll MRI scans. Subjects inclullctl the 14 patient~ involvcd in our originallanllmark·bascd shape analysis. MRI scan~ obtained in the coronal plane (3D SPORt 3 mm slices, no gllp) at the same time as the saginal series was acquired will be analyzed. The volunw or th~ following structures will be quantiried and lhe results correhllcd with the degree of landmark sh:lpe L1efonn:Uiun identified for each patient in the mill-50giltal plane: totnl brain. ventricular system, cortical gmy maller, temporal lobe white nnd gray mailer. superior tcmporal gyrus, and hippocampal-amygdala complex. The rCllults lind their implications in tenns of the etiology of structural neuroanatomic abnonnalities in schizophrenia will be discussed.
Abstracts
DIaL. PSYCHIATRY 1996:39:500-666
339. CEREBELLAR VOLUME DEFICITS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA A. Deshmukh, E.V. Sullivan, D.H. Mathalon, lE. Desmond, B. Matsumoto, K.G. Lim. &
A. Pfefferbaurn Depanmcnt of Psychiatry and Behavioral Scicnces. Stanford University School of :\1cdicine tl1ld VA Palo Alto Health Care Systcm, Palo Alia. CA 94304 AbnonnaJities of cerebellar Sl",cture~ have been implicaled in the neuropathology of schizophrenia. The results of in "i!'{) ncuroimaging stUdies. however, are contradictory; some studies report smaller anterior venn is and larger fourth vcntricles in schizophrenics compared to controls and others report no differences. This inconsistency may be attributable, in p3rt, to imllging issues and lack of regional analysis. In this study we quantified regional cerebellar volumes in 19 mcn with DSM Ul·R diagnosis of schi1.ophrenia (age=43.4:.!::7.9 yr) and no history of alcohol dependence and 26 age- and gender-matched controls (ilge""45.9: 10.0 yr) using 3D·MRI. The images were aligned in Ta· lairach coordinates and resliced using intraMructural landmarks. The cerebellar hemispheres and four regions of the vennis were outlined manually anti se~menlcll inlo gray mailer. white maller, and CSF compartments. Relative 10 controls. the schizophrenic group had significantly smaller white mailer volumcs of both hcmispheres (lcrt<.OO4. right p<.OO2) ami larger fourth ventricle volumes (p=.OOO4). The volume of the vennat region that comprised the nodulus and uvula was also significantly smaller in the patient group (total tissue p
higher BPRS scores (59.4± 13.2) than the veteran group (age=40:t8.6 yr: BPRS=45.2±8.8). MRI volumes were adjusted for normnl variation in head size and lllJe. established from 73 healthy men. and were expressed as Z·scores. Relative to the controls, both palient lJroups had gray matter volume deficits in all conical regions. Repcoted meusures an.al)'sis of variance compariug the two schizophrenic groups revealed a significant region effect (p=.OOOI). where the greatest deficits were present ill the prefmnwi and temporal regions, but no group cflect (p<.20). The group·by-rcgion interaction showed a trend (p<.OS); follow-up tests indicated that lhe state hospital group had selectively grealer deficits in the prefrontal and tempoml·park:lal regions. Regional gray mtlUer volumes did not correlate signific3ntly with age at symptom onset. disease dUraliol"l. or BPRS scores in the patient groups separately or together. The gray matter volume deficit was present throughout the cortex in both schizophrenic groups and was most pronounced in prefrontal and temporol rcgions~ moreover, these two cortical regions were dispropot1ionatc1y involved in the more severely symptomatic, state hospital group. Thus. these results proville evidence for the generalizabilily of this pattern. which may be characteristic of schizophrenia. Supponed by MH 30854, Department of Veterans Affairs, California Depanment of Mental Hcnlth, and Napa State Hospital
341. LANDMARK SHAPE IN SCHIZOPHRENIA: REGIONAL NEUROANATOMIC CORRELATES
J.R. DeQunrdo, R. Rajaprabhakaran, P.L. Bookstein, J.A. Brunberg, & R. Tandon University of Michigan Schizophrenia Program. ISOO E. Medical Centcr Dr" Ann Arbor, M148109-0I16
340. A SCHIZOPHRENIA PROFILE OF REGIONAL CORTICAL ORAY MATIER DEFICITS E.V. Sullivan l , K.O. Lim l , D.H. Mathnlon l , I 2 • 2 ., L. Marsh, n.M. Benl , D. Hams, A. Hoff-, l l W,O Faustman , & A. Pfefferbnurn I Department of Psychiiltl)', Stanford Univcrsity School of Medicine lind VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto. CA 94304; 2Napa Stllte Hospital. Nllpil. CA
Quantitlltive MR( studies fr('m our laboratory have reported volume deficits present lhroughoul the cortcx but with gre:uest involvement in the prdrontnl lind tempo!".!l regions. This analysis qucstioned whether this regional dencit pattern was generalizable across patient samples. Accordingly, we compared MRf·derivcd volumes of gray maUer from six cortical regions in 71 veteran llnd 57 state hospital patients with schizophrenin~ 1111 were men. Although both groups had similor disease durations, the Slate hospital group was younger (35,9±8.2 yr) nnd had
This study invcstiglltcs the sites and cxtent of structurel neuropathology that contribute to focal landmllrk shape deformation in schizophrenia. We have previously demonstrntcd a locatized deformation of landmark shape Oil mid·sagittal MRI scans in patients with schizophrenia when compared to that of neurologic controls. The dala suggested thllt the neuroanatomic Ilbnonnality in schizophrenia is circumscribed, primarily involving the region of the posterior corpus callosum, upper brainst4:m. nnd superior cerebellum; there were no large-scale abnormalities noted. It was hypothesizctl that this finding on mid-sagittal MRI "cans rcpre~Cnled structurel chlln~e5 in limbic structures that communicate through the area demonstrated as llbnonual in the brains of patients with schizophrenia. The present study Is an lltlempt to identify, via volumetric region of intercst analysis, the neuroanatomic structures contributing to the land· mark Shilpe defonnation previously identified on mid·sagilllll MRI scans. Subjects inclullctl the 14 patient~ involvcd in our originallanllmark·bascd shape analysis. MRI scan~ obtained in the coronal plane (3D SPORt 3 mm slices, no gllp) at the same time as the saginal series was acquired will be analyzed. The volunw or th~ following structures will be quantiried and lhe results correhllcd with the degree of landmark sh:lpe L1efonn:Uiun identified for each patient in the mill-50giltal plane: totnl brain. ventricular system, cortical gmy maller, temporal lobe white nnd gray mailer. superior tcmporal gyrus, and hippocampal-amygdala complex. The rCllults lind their implications in tenns of the etiology of structural neuroanatomic abnonnalities in schizophrenia will be discussed.