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Laterality of thermal sweating in 38 cases of lateral medullary syndrome
Abstracts
#7 Laterality of thermal sweating in 38 cases of lateral medullary syndrome Hiroshi Saito Department of Neurology, Sendai Eastern Neurosurgical Hospital, 983-0821, Japan To clarify the trajectory of the hypothalamo-spinal pathway involved with thermal sweating (TS), I made a qualitative study of 38 patients with lateral medullary syndrome, 37 infarctions and one probable inflammation. Five patients showed “normal” thermal sweating and 33 an “abnormal” thermal sweating; ipsilateral hypohidrosis was present chiefly in the upper body. Relative hypohidrosis in the side of the body opposite to the side of the brain lesion was seen in 4 cases. Contralateral facial sweating before heating was seen in 4 cases. Quantitative data (mg/cm2/min) from 13 subjects in the “abnormal” thermal sweating group were compared to those in age-matched control subjects with “normal” thermal sweating. Sweat volume (SV) at the forehead on the side contralateral to the lesion in the patient group was significantly larger than on the ipsilateral side (p= 0.0007) and also larger than in the control group (p= 0.0442). In contrast, sweat volume at the ipsilateral forearm in the patient group was significantly lesser than on the contralateral side (p= 0.0012), and also lesser than in the control group. Sweat volume at the ipsilateral side of the forehead, at the contralateral forearm, and at both legs showed no significant difference between patients and control subjects. The results indicated that the hypothalamo-spinal pathway does not evenly innervate the entire body, but has some regional predominance. The hypohidrosis at the ipsilateral forearm suggests that the hypothalamo-spinal pathway may exert a facilitatory influence on sweating of the upper body. The absence of any apparent reduction of thermal sweating at the legs suggests that there might be crossing fibers in the hypothalamo-spinal pathway involved in the thermal sweating of the lower body; another possibility is that there are cross-communicating fibers in more peripheral parts of the pathway, as suggested on morphological grounds by Cowley & Yeager (1964) and Webber (1956). Furthermore, excessive sweating at the forehead on the side contralateral to the lesion may be due mainly to a damage to the inhibitory pathway, and the pathway may be related predominantly to sweating of the upper body, particularly of the face and neck. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 47: 479–484, 2010) doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2011.08.016
#8 Effects of graded load of artificial gravity on vestibule-spinal and vestibulo-ocular functions
211
We aimed to clarify how these vestibular functions are influenced by artificial gravity. The study included 20 healthy male subjects (age, 21–35 years). Stabilometric tests were performed 10 min before and 5 min after graded load of artificial gravity. Additionally, eye movements were recorded at 5-min intervals by electro-oculography (EOG) and were evaluated by non-linear analysis. The indexes for stabilograms with eyes open were significantly higher after than before graded load of gravity; in contrast, there was no difference in any index of the stabilograms recorded with eyes closed before and after graded load of gravity. The subjects exhibited waveforms of nystagmus, saccade, and pursuit in the vertical and the horizontal directions after graded load of gravity. This observation was supported by the result of the non-linear analysis of the electro-oculography. We conclude that the increased sway during stabilometry with eyes open after graded gravitational loading, was to be attributed to a sensory conflict between the visual and vestibular systems. Analysis of the electro-oculography results revealed the occurrence of visual– vestibular conflicts. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 47: 485–491, 2010) doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2011.08.017
#9 Effects of deep-brain bilateral stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus on heart rate and blood pressure in Parkinson's disease Yutaka Yamashita Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya City University Hospital, Aichi 467-8602, Japan We studied the effects of deep-brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) on autonomic cardiovascular activities in subjects with Parkinson's disease. In 20 subjects with Parkinson's disease undergoing bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus, we measured heart rate, blood pressure, and heart rate variability (HRV), at rest and orthostatically, and compared these variables at baseline and three weeks after deep brain stimulation. No significant changes were seen in any variable during rest after surgery compared to baseline, nor in delta (baseline-orthostatic) heart rate or delta blood pressure. The motor symptoms significantly improved and the equivalent daily levo-dopa dose was significantly reduced compared to baseline. We therefore conclude that deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus ameliorated the motor symptoms and decreased the dopaminergic dosage needed, but had no effect on autonomic cardiovascular activity, at least in the short term. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 47: 492–496, 2010) doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2011.08.018
Tetsuya Yamamotoa,b, Hiroki Takadab,c, Satoshi Iwaseb, Junichi Sugenoyab a
Department of Radiology, Gifu University of Medical Science, Gifu 501-3892, Japan b Second Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan c Department of Human & Artificial Intelligent Systems, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan A centrifuge comprising a rotating rod of 4-meter diameter was developed, to create artificial gravity by means of centrifugal force. To our knowledge, the effects of artificial gravity on vestibulo-spinal and vestibulo-ocular motor nervous functions have not been studied before.
#10 Valsalva maneuver effects on heart rate, blood pressure, and intrarectal pressure — Supine vs. sitting Yuko Kuwaharaa, Mika Imaia,b, Yutaka Yoshidac, Yuuki Shimizua, Naoki Nishimuraa, Kiyoko Yokoyamac, Satoshi Iwasea, Makoto Hiraib, Junichi Sugenoyaa a
Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan Department of Nursing, Nagoya University School of Health Sciences, 461-8673, Japan c School of Design & Architecture, Nagoya City University 464-0083, Japan b
#7 Laterality of thermal sweating in 38 cases of lateral medullary syndrome Hiroshi Saito Department of Neurology, Sendai Eastern Neurosurgical Hospital, 983-0821, Japan To clarify the trajectory of the hypothalamo-spinal pathway involved with thermal sweating (TS), I made a qualitative study of 38 patients with lateral medullary syndrome, 37 infarctions and one probable inflammation. Five patients showed “normal” thermal sweating and 33 an “abnormal” thermal sweating; ipsilateral hypohidrosis was present chiefly in the upper body. Relative hypohidrosis in the side of the body opposite to the side of the brain lesion was seen in 4 cases. Contralateral facial sweating before heating was seen in 4 cases. Quantitative data (mg/cm2/min) from 13 subjects in the “abnormal” thermal sweating group were compared to those in age-matched control subjects with “normal” thermal sweating. Sweat volume (SV) at the forehead on the side contralateral to the lesion in the patient group was significantly larger than on the ipsilateral side (p= 0.0007) and also larger than in the control group (p= 0.0442). In contrast, sweat volume at the ipsilateral forearm in the patient group was significantly lesser than on the contralateral side (p= 0.0012), and also lesser than in the control group. Sweat volume at the ipsilateral side of the forehead, at the contralateral forearm, and at both legs showed no significant difference between patients and control subjects. The results indicated that the hypothalamo-spinal pathway does not evenly innervate the entire body, but has some regional predominance. The hypohidrosis at the ipsilateral forearm suggests that the hypothalamo-spinal pathway may exert a facilitatory influence on sweating of the upper body. The absence of any apparent reduction of thermal sweating at the legs suggests that there might be crossing fibers in the hypothalamo-spinal pathway involved in the thermal sweating of the lower body; another possibility is that there are cross-communicating fibers in more peripheral parts of the pathway, as suggested on morphological grounds by Cowley & Yeager (1964) and Webber (1956). Furthermore, excessive sweating at the forehead on the side contralateral to the lesion may be due mainly to a damage to the inhibitory pathway, and the pathway may be related predominantly to sweating of the upper body, particularly of the face and neck. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 47: 479–484, 2010) doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2011.08.016
#8 Effects of graded load of artificial gravity on vestibule-spinal and vestibulo-ocular functions
211
We aimed to clarify how these vestibular functions are influenced by artificial gravity. The study included 20 healthy male subjects (age, 21–35 years). Stabilometric tests were performed 10 min before and 5 min after graded load of artificial gravity. Additionally, eye movements were recorded at 5-min intervals by electro-oculography (EOG) and were evaluated by non-linear analysis. The indexes for stabilograms with eyes open were significantly higher after than before graded load of gravity; in contrast, there was no difference in any index of the stabilograms recorded with eyes closed before and after graded load of gravity. The subjects exhibited waveforms of nystagmus, saccade, and pursuit in the vertical and the horizontal directions after graded load of gravity. This observation was supported by the result of the non-linear analysis of the electro-oculography. We conclude that the increased sway during stabilometry with eyes open after graded gravitational loading, was to be attributed to a sensory conflict between the visual and vestibular systems. Analysis of the electro-oculography results revealed the occurrence of visual– vestibular conflicts. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 47: 485–491, 2010) doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2011.08.017
#9 Effects of deep-brain bilateral stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus on heart rate and blood pressure in Parkinson's disease Yutaka Yamashita Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya City University Hospital, Aichi 467-8602, Japan We studied the effects of deep-brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) on autonomic cardiovascular activities in subjects with Parkinson's disease. In 20 subjects with Parkinson's disease undergoing bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus, we measured heart rate, blood pressure, and heart rate variability (HRV), at rest and orthostatically, and compared these variables at baseline and three weeks after deep brain stimulation. No significant changes were seen in any variable during rest after surgery compared to baseline, nor in delta (baseline-orthostatic) heart rate or delta blood pressure. The motor symptoms significantly improved and the equivalent daily levo-dopa dose was significantly reduced compared to baseline. We therefore conclude that deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus ameliorated the motor symptoms and decreased the dopaminergic dosage needed, but had no effect on autonomic cardiovascular activity, at least in the short term. (The Autonomic Nervous System, 47: 492–496, 2010) doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2011.08.018
Tetsuya Yamamotoa,b, Hiroki Takadab,c, Satoshi Iwaseb, Junichi Sugenoyab a
Department of Radiology, Gifu University of Medical Science, Gifu 501-3892, Japan b Second Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan c Department of Human & Artificial Intelligent Systems, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan A centrifuge comprising a rotating rod of 4-meter diameter was developed, to create artificial gravity by means of centrifugal force. To our knowledge, the effects of artificial gravity on vestibulo-spinal and vestibulo-ocular motor nervous functions have not been studied before.
#10 Valsalva maneuver effects on heart rate, blood pressure, and intrarectal pressure — Supine vs. sitting Yuko Kuwaharaa, Mika Imaia,b, Yutaka Yoshidac, Yuuki Shimizua, Naoki Nishimuraa, Kiyoko Yokoyamac, Satoshi Iwasea, Makoto Hiraib, Junichi Sugenoyaa a
Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan Department of Nursing, Nagoya University School of Health Sciences, 461-8673, Japan c School of Design & Architecture, Nagoya City University 464-0083, Japan b