- Email: [email protected]
MS urine drug screen targeting 220 substances in 175 illicit drug users in Montreal, Canada
Posters
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de répondre à une demande sociétale de personnes inquiètes, que ce soit à titre individuel ou pour des écoliers exposés. Conclusion Cette première étape nous permettra de proposer des pistes d’amélioration du dispositif, notamment concernant la prise en charge des personnes et l’analyse du respect de la réglementation en matière d’épandage. Tableau 1 2017
2018
Nombre de déclarations
10
12
Nature du pesticide identifié Nombre de personnes exposées Dont perdus de vue et exclus Déclarations traitées : nombre d’exposés aigus Nombre de cas symptomatiques Poisoning Severity Score (PSS) Nombre de biométrologies réalisées Déclarations traitées : nombre d’exposés chroniques
2 18 9 6
4 255* 22** 227***
5
10
1à2 0
1à2 16
3
10***
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxac.2019.03.126
*
Dont 235 écoliers. ** Dont 17 écoliers. *** 4 personnes ont une exposition double aiguë et chronique. Déclaration de liens d’intérêts par l’ARS Nouvelle-Aquitaine.
submitted samples, while only 4% of participants reported its use. The proportion of samples containing fentanyl was higher among participants reporting heroin use than among those who didn’t (39% vs. 7%; P < 0.0001). Methamphetamine was detected in 42% of samples and hydromorphone in 18%. Acetyl-fentanyl was detected in three samples and U-47700 in one sample; these four samples also contained fentanyl. Discussion This study showed that an elevated proportion of cocaine and crack users in Montreal are contaminated with levamisole. It also showed that 20% of participants had recently used fentanyl, most unknowingly while using heroin. Conclusion Given the high potency of fentanyl and its analogs, harm reduction measures such as naloxone distribution are needed to prevent overdoses. Disclosure of interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest. Reference [1] Tupper KW, et al. Initial results of a drug checking pilot program to detect fentanyl adulteration in a Canadian Setting. Drug Alcohol Depend 2018;190:242—5.
Le projet Phytosignal a été financé
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxac.2019.03.125 P44
LC-MS/MS urine drug screen targeting 220 substances in 175 illicit drug users in Montreal, Canada N.-J. Caron 1,∗ , P. Leclerc 2 , A.-A. Houde 1 , C. Tremblay 2 , C. Morissette 2 , N. Fleury 1 1 Centre de Toxicologie, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Canada 2 Direction régionale de santé publique, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Ile-de-Montréal, Canada ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (N.-J. Caron) Objective Large North American cities have been plagued with a spectacular increase in opioid-related overdoses over the last few years. Some Canadian provinces were more affected than others by this phenomenon. Studies conducted in Western Canada have shown the widespread presence of fentanyl and its analogues in street drugs [1], little is known about the pattern of drug use and the contaminants commonly found in illicit drugs throughout Quebec. Methods In August and September 2017, 175 individual reporting having used illicit drugs in the past three days were recruited in nine community and public organizations offering harm reduction services in Montreal. Participants filled a questionnaire to describe their drug use over the previous three days and provided a urine specimen. Samples were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS using a sensitive targeted MRM workflow for the identification of traditional and emerging compounds on a Waters UPLC-Xevo-TQS micro-system (Milford, MA, USA). Results Among the 175 participants, 65% were male, 35% were aged 25—34 years, 16% reported an opioid overdose in the previous month and 60% reported self-injecting illicit drug over the last 3 days. Cocaine and its metabolites were detected in the urine of 90% of participants, while 59% of samples contained Levamisole. Heroin was detected in 39% of the samples. Fentanyl was detected in 20% of
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Evaluation of the analytical performance of a HPLC-MS/MS method for determining ketamine and norketamine in real forensic hair samples. Reanalyzing a selection of positive cases with high resolution LC-MS for seeking other arylcyclohexylamines J.-M. Matey 1,∗ , M.-D. Moreno de Simón 1 , C. Garcia-Ruiz 2 , G. Montalvo 2 1 Department of Chemistry and Drugs, National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (INTCF), Ministry of Justice, Madrid, Spain 2 Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (J.-M. Matey) The National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (INTCF) has been conducted judicial investigations with hair samples since 1993. This institute currently receive annually more than three thousand judicial cases collecting hair matrices. It is accredited for analysis of forensic hair samples since 2012 for ISO/IEC 17025. Among the drugs of abuse, cocaine and cannabis are those of higher prevalence [1]. However, as any other controlled substance, ketamine also needs to be determined in hair samples. Here, we presented the evaluation of the analytical performance of the ISO/IEC 17025 accredited method for amphetamines for determining ketamine and norketamine in hair samples of forensic interest. The analytical performance of this method met the criteria of sensitivity and accuracy for detecting repeated consumption of Ketamine according to a proposed cut off of 0.5 ng/mg [2]. The detection of Norketamine allowed discriminating between active uses and external contamination. The assessed method was applied for analyzing 1189 hair samples of judicial interest received in the INTCF along 15 months, obtaining 62 positive in Ketamine consumption. This means a 5.2% of positivity. Ketamine consumers present a profile of young age (21—30 years old), polydrug use with consumption of synthetic substances preferably MDMA and, then, amphetamine. As consumer is collective, prone to consume new psychoactive substances, requires special attention due to they show a consumer profile with higher prevalence in MDMA than amphetamine, indicating that ketamine consumers belong to a subgroup with a different
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de répondre à une demande sociétale de personnes inquiètes, que ce soit à titre individuel ou pour des écoliers exposés. Conclusion Cette première étape nous permettra de proposer des pistes d’amélioration du dispositif, notamment concernant la prise en charge des personnes et l’analyse du respect de la réglementation en matière d’épandage. Tableau 1 2017
2018
Nombre de déclarations
10
12
Nature du pesticide identifié Nombre de personnes exposées Dont perdus de vue et exclus Déclarations traitées : nombre d’exposés aigus Nombre de cas symptomatiques Poisoning Severity Score (PSS) Nombre de biométrologies réalisées Déclarations traitées : nombre d’exposés chroniques
2 18 9 6
4 255* 22** 227***
5
10
1à2 0
1à2 16
3
10***
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxac.2019.03.126
*
Dont 235 écoliers. ** Dont 17 écoliers. *** 4 personnes ont une exposition double aiguë et chronique. Déclaration de liens d’intérêts par l’ARS Nouvelle-Aquitaine.
submitted samples, while only 4% of participants reported its use. The proportion of samples containing fentanyl was higher among participants reporting heroin use than among those who didn’t (39% vs. 7%; P < 0.0001). Methamphetamine was detected in 42% of samples and hydromorphone in 18%. Acetyl-fentanyl was detected in three samples and U-47700 in one sample; these four samples also contained fentanyl. Discussion This study showed that an elevated proportion of cocaine and crack users in Montreal are contaminated with levamisole. It also showed that 20% of participants had recently used fentanyl, most unknowingly while using heroin. Conclusion Given the high potency of fentanyl and its analogs, harm reduction measures such as naloxone distribution are needed to prevent overdoses. Disclosure of interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest. Reference [1] Tupper KW, et al. Initial results of a drug checking pilot program to detect fentanyl adulteration in a Canadian Setting. Drug Alcohol Depend 2018;190:242—5.
Le projet Phytosignal a été financé
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxac.2019.03.125 P44
LC-MS/MS urine drug screen targeting 220 substances in 175 illicit drug users in Montreal, Canada N.-J. Caron 1,∗ , P. Leclerc 2 , A.-A. Houde 1 , C. Tremblay 2 , C. Morissette 2 , N. Fleury 1 1 Centre de Toxicologie, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Canada 2 Direction régionale de santé publique, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Ile-de-Montréal, Canada ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (N.-J. Caron) Objective Large North American cities have been plagued with a spectacular increase in opioid-related overdoses over the last few years. Some Canadian provinces were more affected than others by this phenomenon. Studies conducted in Western Canada have shown the widespread presence of fentanyl and its analogues in street drugs [1], little is known about the pattern of drug use and the contaminants commonly found in illicit drugs throughout Quebec. Methods In August and September 2017, 175 individual reporting having used illicit drugs in the past three days were recruited in nine community and public organizations offering harm reduction services in Montreal. Participants filled a questionnaire to describe their drug use over the previous three days and provided a urine specimen. Samples were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS using a sensitive targeted MRM workflow for the identification of traditional and emerging compounds on a Waters UPLC-Xevo-TQS micro-system (Milford, MA, USA). Results Among the 175 participants, 65% were male, 35% were aged 25—34 years, 16% reported an opioid overdose in the previous month and 60% reported self-injecting illicit drug over the last 3 days. Cocaine and its metabolites were detected in the urine of 90% of participants, while 59% of samples contained Levamisole. Heroin was detected in 39% of the samples. Fentanyl was detected in 20% of
P45
Evaluation of the analytical performance of a HPLC-MS/MS method for determining ketamine and norketamine in real forensic hair samples. Reanalyzing a selection of positive cases with high resolution LC-MS for seeking other arylcyclohexylamines J.-M. Matey 1,∗ , M.-D. Moreno de Simón 1 , C. Garcia-Ruiz 2 , G. Montalvo 2 1 Department of Chemistry and Drugs, National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (INTCF), Ministry of Justice, Madrid, Spain 2 Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (J.-M. Matey) The National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (INTCF) has been conducted judicial investigations with hair samples since 1993. This institute currently receive annually more than three thousand judicial cases collecting hair matrices. It is accredited for analysis of forensic hair samples since 2012 for ISO/IEC 17025. Among the drugs of abuse, cocaine and cannabis are those of higher prevalence [1]. However, as any other controlled substance, ketamine also needs to be determined in hair samples. Here, we presented the evaluation of the analytical performance of the ISO/IEC 17025 accredited method for amphetamines for determining ketamine and norketamine in hair samples of forensic interest. The analytical performance of this method met the criteria of sensitivity and accuracy for detecting repeated consumption of Ketamine according to a proposed cut off of 0.5 ng/mg [2]. The detection of Norketamine allowed discriminating between active uses and external contamination. The assessed method was applied for analyzing 1189 hair samples of judicial interest received in the INTCF along 15 months, obtaining 62 positive in Ketamine consumption. This means a 5.2% of positivity. Ketamine consumers present a profile of young age (21—30 years old), polydrug use with consumption of synthetic substances preferably MDMA and, then, amphetamine. As consumer is collective, prone to consume new psychoactive substances, requires special attention due to they show a consumer profile with higher prevalence in MDMA than amphetamine, indicating that ketamine consumers belong to a subgroup with a different