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LEEDS.
1461 The Blaok 8moke N1i’Ïsano". It is a very common thing for manufacturers to be fined for allowing black smoke to be sent out from their chimneys and they often pay the fines gladly rather than adopt the means necessary to common for the
corporation
to
abate the nuisance.
But it is not
so
sanitary department of the Manchester summon the electricity department, that one
was to do away with black smoke and to convert Manchester from what it is to a place of sweetness and light. This department, however, has a tall chimney which recently emitted black smoke to such a degree as to render a surpmons necessary. The resident engineer said that it was cau-ed by certain experiments. Perhaps he might vary the experiments a little and try to make some with the object of lessening, and not increasing, the production of smoke. An order to abate in 28 days was made so that there is time for some fresh experiments.
of all others that
Oswaldtwistle’s Low Birth-rate.
different kinds of institutions for dealing with inebriates. These were the inebriate retreats of the Act of 1879, the State inebriate reformatories, and the certified inebriate reformatories, of which that which he had declared open was an example. It was intended for the reception of those who, being habitual drunkards, had been convicted of crime, either when they were under the influence of drink or where drink was found to have been a contributory factor, as well for those who had in one year been convicted four times of certain offences of drunkenness. The institution is of course intended for reformation treatment and a circular has been issued by the committee appealing to magistrates in these terms : "If for the next five years magistrates will only commit in proper cases, and, irrespective of results, recommit when necessary, some approach towards proving the ut lity the institution may be made ; but if judicial authorities hesitate because the percentage of good results is at present small, especially amongst the early cases which they may send, then a necessary work will be hindered."
as
of
are becoming so general as to increase ’, May 23rd. seriousness of the nation’s outlook. Dr. A. E. Townley, the medical officer of health, states that during the past year the birth-rate of Oswaldtwistle was 21’91 WALES AND WESTERN COUNTIES NOTES. per 1000, compared with 28 87, the average for the last (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENTS.) ten years. He complains also that the smoke nuisance has an effect on the number of deaths from bronchitis. The The Medical Officer of Health of Chipping Sodbury. infantile death-rate was 191 per 1000, the highest, with two THE circumstances attending the election of a local exceptions, for the last ten years. It is difficult to imagine the manufacturing districts of Lancashire free from the practitioner as medical officer of health of the rural district defilement of black smoke, but what a much happier and of Chipping Sodbury, near Bristol, in succession to Dr. healthier land it would be with its streams clean and its Francis T. Bond, who has held the position for 32 years, have vegetation and beauty restored. already been related in THE LANCET.1 At a meeting of the district council held on May 17th a letter was read from the Due7z Pond or Plunge Bath? ? Local Government Board regretting the withdrawal of the It is reported that in Milnshaw Gardens, Accrington, there district from the combination which had for many years is a piece of water which was originally intended for, and elected a joint medical officer of health and stating that the used as, an open-air plunge bath but is now called a duck Board was anxious that the situation should be discussed by pond. This 8uf!gel-ts a habitat where the larvae of gnats representatives of the various districts concerned and had luxuriate but there is no intimation of the presence of the accordingly asked the clerk to the Gloucester district pernicious anopheles. However this may be, there seems to council to call a meeting of such representatives. The be full justification for the recommendation to the town district council decided not to send any representatives to council w to clean out its duck pond in Milnshaw Gardens the conference and the following motion :adopted and restore it to its original use as an open-air plunge That the Local Government Board be informed that. inasmuch as Dr. bath." Town councils, whether Progressive or Moderate, Thomson came and freely discussed the matter with this council, we have to be reminded occasionally that some simple sani- fail to see what purpose would be served by the proposed meeting and forthwith call upon the Local Government Board to sanction the tary measures are as desirable in English boroughs as in West African swamps and it is well worth some little appointment of our nominee. trouble to lessen the swarms of our English gnats which are At a meeting of the Gloucestershire branch of the British often a great nuisance and in days gone by caused wide- Medical Association held at Gloucester on May 18th it was spread sickness, from the danger of which we are not resolved :That it is desirable in the interests of the medical profession genealtogether free. rally that in any localitv in which an at,tempt is made by any public May 23rd. or other organised body to treat their medical officers or employes with injustice the local members of the profession should loyally combine to support their menaced brethren. LEEDS. And a further resolution was also carried unanimously, on the (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) proposition of Dr. J. Middleton Martin and Dr. G. B. Ferguson, instructing the branch representatives to urge upon the council of the Association the necessity for pressing A New Inebriate Reformatory. on the Public Health Bill giving fixity of tenure to medical UNDER the conditions of the Act of 1898 a certified officers of health. inebriate reformatory has just been opened at Cattall, which Death from Lead Poisoning. is situated about mi 1 w ay between York and Harrogate and where an excellent site of about 50 acres in an elevated Deaths from lead poisoning contracted during industrial situation has been secured. The cost of the undertaking pursuits are of sufficient rarity to merit notice. A man, which 36 years of age, died from this cause in Bristol on May lst. will, it is expected, amount to about <650,000, includes the sum of E4750 paid for the land. As the joint He was a silver refiner and was engaged in extracting silver He had been employed for many years at the committee charged with the undertaking is representative of from lead. the county councils of the three midings and the councils same work and in 1899 had an attack of lead colic. Epileptic of the county boroughs of Bradford, Halifax, Hull, Leeds, convulsions were the most prominent symptoms immediately and York, it is calculated that it will only require a rate preceding death. Sufficient washing accommodation as of "2")-th of a penny in the ;6 to meet the payment of the i required by the special rules relating to dangerous trades - E2550 required for interest and sinking fund charges on a I appears to have been provided at the works in which the thirty year.,’ loan. The expenses of maintenance will, after deceased man was employed and he is said to have been of the first 12 months, be met hy the separate authorities in cleanly habits. proportion to the number of inebriates committed from their University College, Bristol. areas. Accommodation has in the first instance been 1500 persons were the guests of the council and Nearly provided for 80 inebriates, but the central administration staff of University College, Bristol, in the new Colh ge buildblock has been made large enough to meet an increase to 300. ings on the occasion of the triennial conversazione on The accommodation takes the form of detached cottage 19th. Profesor Stanley Kent during the evening made homes each providing for 20 cases in two groups of ten each. May a series of experiments illustrating the fatigue of muscles, A separate bedroom is provided for each inebriate. Three pulse tracings, colour blindness, and finger prints. Demonof the cOltages are to be devoted to women and the fourth strations of the process of making liquid air were given by will provide accommodation for 20 men. Lord Wenlock, in 1 THE declaring the institution open, pointed out that there were three LANCET, April 15th (p. 1035) and 29th (p. 1146), 1905.
Low birth-rates
the
__________________
corporation
to
abate the nuisance.
But it is not
so
sanitary department of the Manchester summon the electricity department, that one
was to do away with black smoke and to convert Manchester from what it is to a place of sweetness and light. This department, however, has a tall chimney which recently emitted black smoke to such a degree as to render a surpmons necessary. The resident engineer said that it was cau-ed by certain experiments. Perhaps he might vary the experiments a little and try to make some with the object of lessening, and not increasing, the production of smoke. An order to abate in 28 days was made so that there is time for some fresh experiments.
of all others that
Oswaldtwistle’s Low Birth-rate.
different kinds of institutions for dealing with inebriates. These were the inebriate retreats of the Act of 1879, the State inebriate reformatories, and the certified inebriate reformatories, of which that which he had declared open was an example. It was intended for the reception of those who, being habitual drunkards, had been convicted of crime, either when they were under the influence of drink or where drink was found to have been a contributory factor, as well for those who had in one year been convicted four times of certain offences of drunkenness. The institution is of course intended for reformation treatment and a circular has been issued by the committee appealing to magistrates in these terms : "If for the next five years magistrates will only commit in proper cases, and, irrespective of results, recommit when necessary, some approach towards proving the ut lity the institution may be made ; but if judicial authorities hesitate because the percentage of good results is at present small, especially amongst the early cases which they may send, then a necessary work will be hindered."
as
of
are becoming so general as to increase ’, May 23rd. seriousness of the nation’s outlook. Dr. A. E. Townley, the medical officer of health, states that during the past year the birth-rate of Oswaldtwistle was 21’91 WALES AND WESTERN COUNTIES NOTES. per 1000, compared with 28 87, the average for the last (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENTS.) ten years. He complains also that the smoke nuisance has an effect on the number of deaths from bronchitis. The The Medical Officer of Health of Chipping Sodbury. infantile death-rate was 191 per 1000, the highest, with two THE circumstances attending the election of a local exceptions, for the last ten years. It is difficult to imagine the manufacturing districts of Lancashire free from the practitioner as medical officer of health of the rural district defilement of black smoke, but what a much happier and of Chipping Sodbury, near Bristol, in succession to Dr. healthier land it would be with its streams clean and its Francis T. Bond, who has held the position for 32 years, have vegetation and beauty restored. already been related in THE LANCET.1 At a meeting of the district council held on May 17th a letter was read from the Due7z Pond or Plunge Bath? ? Local Government Board regretting the withdrawal of the It is reported that in Milnshaw Gardens, Accrington, there district from the combination which had for many years is a piece of water which was originally intended for, and elected a joint medical officer of health and stating that the used as, an open-air plunge bath but is now called a duck Board was anxious that the situation should be discussed by pond. This 8uf!gel-ts a habitat where the larvae of gnats representatives of the various districts concerned and had luxuriate but there is no intimation of the presence of the accordingly asked the clerk to the Gloucester district pernicious anopheles. However this may be, there seems to council to call a meeting of such representatives. The be full justification for the recommendation to the town district council decided not to send any representatives to council w to clean out its duck pond in Milnshaw Gardens the conference and the following motion :adopted and restore it to its original use as an open-air plunge That the Local Government Board be informed that. inasmuch as Dr. bath." Town councils, whether Progressive or Moderate, Thomson came and freely discussed the matter with this council, we have to be reminded occasionally that some simple sani- fail to see what purpose would be served by the proposed meeting and forthwith call upon the Local Government Board to sanction the tary measures are as desirable in English boroughs as in West African swamps and it is well worth some little appointment of our nominee. trouble to lessen the swarms of our English gnats which are At a meeting of the Gloucestershire branch of the British often a great nuisance and in days gone by caused wide- Medical Association held at Gloucester on May 18th it was spread sickness, from the danger of which we are not resolved :That it is desirable in the interests of the medical profession genealtogether free. rally that in any localitv in which an at,tempt is made by any public May 23rd. or other organised body to treat their medical officers or employes with injustice the local members of the profession should loyally combine to support their menaced brethren. LEEDS. And a further resolution was also carried unanimously, on the (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) proposition of Dr. J. Middleton Martin and Dr. G. B. Ferguson, instructing the branch representatives to urge upon the council of the Association the necessity for pressing A New Inebriate Reformatory. on the Public Health Bill giving fixity of tenure to medical UNDER the conditions of the Act of 1898 a certified officers of health. inebriate reformatory has just been opened at Cattall, which Death from Lead Poisoning. is situated about mi 1 w ay between York and Harrogate and where an excellent site of about 50 acres in an elevated Deaths from lead poisoning contracted during industrial situation has been secured. The cost of the undertaking pursuits are of sufficient rarity to merit notice. A man, which 36 years of age, died from this cause in Bristol on May lst. will, it is expected, amount to about <650,000, includes the sum of E4750 paid for the land. As the joint He was a silver refiner and was engaged in extracting silver He had been employed for many years at the committee charged with the undertaking is representative of from lead. the county councils of the three midings and the councils same work and in 1899 had an attack of lead colic. Epileptic of the county boroughs of Bradford, Halifax, Hull, Leeds, convulsions were the most prominent symptoms immediately and York, it is calculated that it will only require a rate preceding death. Sufficient washing accommodation as of "2")-th of a penny in the ;6 to meet the payment of the i required by the special rules relating to dangerous trades - E2550 required for interest and sinking fund charges on a I appears to have been provided at the works in which the thirty year.,’ loan. The expenses of maintenance will, after deceased man was employed and he is said to have been of the first 12 months, be met hy the separate authorities in cleanly habits. proportion to the number of inebriates committed from their University College, Bristol. areas. Accommodation has in the first instance been 1500 persons were the guests of the council and Nearly provided for 80 inebriates, but the central administration staff of University College, Bristol, in the new Colh ge buildblock has been made large enough to meet an increase to 300. ings on the occasion of the triennial conversazione on The accommodation takes the form of detached cottage 19th. Profesor Stanley Kent during the evening made homes each providing for 20 cases in two groups of ten each. May a series of experiments illustrating the fatigue of muscles, A separate bedroom is provided for each inebriate. Three pulse tracings, colour blindness, and finger prints. Demonof the cOltages are to be devoted to women and the fourth strations of the process of making liquid air were given by will provide accommodation for 20 men. Lord Wenlock, in 1 THE declaring the institution open, pointed out that there were three LANCET, April 15th (p. 1035) and 29th (p. 1146), 1905.
Low birth-rates
the
__________________