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Light source in vacuum ultraviolet with ultrahigh frequency excitation
Classified
abstracts
407-420 31
407. Dependence
of cathode temperature of electron coefficient of volume filling of its heater. (USSR)
tube
on the
The cathode temperature of an electro-vacuum device is determined by a number of geometrical and heat-energetic factors. An investigation is performed which shows a significant dependence of the cathode temperature on the coefficient of filling of the cathode sleeve volume by the heater. The performed comparisons demonstrate advantages of application of a tungsten-rhenium alloy in comparison to the conventional tungsten heater. Also the dependence of heater temperature on the darkness coefficient of the alundum coating is determined. The efficiency of application of a dark coating is shown. S I Sorokin et al, Heat Transfer in Electron Devices, Collect, No 1, Saratov
1971, 59-68 (in Russian). 31
408. Investigation
of thermal processes in a film element.
(USSR) Thermal processes occurring in film cathode units of electro-vacuum devices are considered. Using a numerical method, the problem of steady heat conductivity is treated and the dependences of the emitting surface temperature on the power dissipated in the film, and the geometrical and physical characteristics of the cathode are determined. S I Sorokin et al, Heat Transfer in Electron Devices, Collect, No 1, Saratov 1971, 109-117 (in Russian).
pressure changes are mainly due to an increase in partial pressures of hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide and nitrogen. K Yu Lovpache et al, Electronic Technology, Scienti-Techn Collect Technology and Organization of Production, No 3, 1971, 47-51 (in Russian). 31 414. Quality criteria of a particular technological process of ultrahigh frequency electro-vacuum device manufacture using the example of (USSR) travelling wave tube evacuation.
The results of a study on the determination of quality criteria for a particular technological process are presented. In the example of travelling wave tube evacuation, criteria of the first and second kind are described. The criteria are evaluated for evacuation procedures for low and medium power travelling wave tubes. S G Bruk et al, Electronic Technology, Scient-Techn Collect, Technology and Organization of Production, No 4, 1971, 61-72 (in Russian) 415. Utilization of combined degassing travelling wave tubes. (USSR)
in the evacuation
31 of low-noise
Problems of combining production scale degassing operations for electron tube components are considered. It is shown that combined degassing systems for evacuating low-noise travelling wave tube reduce the processing time and improve the quality of the tubes. S G Bruk et al, Electronic Technology, Scient-Techn Collect, Tech-
409. Design of folded spiral heaters for electron tubes.
No 3, 1971, 38-42 (in Russian). 31 416. Utilization of partial heating characteristics for evaluating the degree of degassing of inner components of travelling wave tubes.
Saratov
(USSR) It is found that various degassing conditions of inner components of a travelling wave tube during its evacuation procedure considerably influence the character of the partial-heating characteristics of the cathode. A qualitative agreement between the parameters of the partial-heating characteristics and the behaviour of the tubes during life-testing is observed. S G Bruk and M N Brodkin, Electronic Technology, Scient-Techn
31
(USSR) Design techniques for folded spiral heaters in electro-vacuum devices are presented. A nomogram useful for design of spiral heaters is given. The processes of heat transfer in the spiral heatercathode assembly are considered. S I Sorokin et al, Heat Transfer in Electron Devices, Collect, No 1, 1971, 40-46 (in Russian).
31 410. Calculation of the temperature field of heaters in electro-vacuum (USSR) devices with indirectly heated cathodes.
Analytical solution of the equations describing the character of the temperature distribution in the heater on an indirectly heated cathode is considered. On the basis of this solution, numerical calculations of the temperature field of the heater are performed, the results of which are compared with the experimental data on electro-vacuum devices. Good agreement indicates that the formulae can be used for analysis of thermal regime of indirect heaters in electrovacuum devices. V S Koshelev and G M Tsymbalov, Heat Transfer in Electron Collect, No 1, Saratov 1971, 81-90 (in Russian). 411. Analysis
of heat transfer in the grid structures
Devices,
31 of electron tubes.
(USSR) Temperature increases in electron tubes above the optimum value results in deformation of grid structures, enhanced outgassing and various physico-chemical effects. A theoretical calculation of temperature fields in grid structures of electro-vacuum devices is presented. Mathematical formulae are obtained which enable evaluation of the influence of geometrical and physical parameters of various elements in the grid structure on the temperature field of grid. S I Sorokin et al, Heat Transfer in Electron Devices, Collect, No 1, Saratov 1971,47-58 (in Russian). 31 412. Thermal effects in the anodes of electron tubes.
(USSR) Due to nonuniform distribution of energy in electron beams and radiation heat flux from cathode to anode, separate parts of anode have enhanced temperature. This effect results in enhanced outgassing and poisoning of the electron tube cathode. Thermal effects in the anodes of electro-vacuum devices are analyzed. The formulae enable evaluation the influence of energetic, physical and geometrical factors of an anode on its temperature field. M I Grigoreva, Heat Transfer in Electron Devices, Collect, No 1, Saratov 1971, 19-26 (in Russian). 31 413. Investigation of the influence of prolonged storage in conditions of enhanced humidity on the vacuum in M-type electro-vacuum devices.
(USSR) Data on changes in the total pressure in M-type metal-glass devices on storage in conditions of enhanced humidity are presented. The data have been obtained by measurement of the electrical discharge current in the devices in an axial magnetic field. It is shown that
nology and Organization
Collect,
UHF Electronics,
ofProduction,
No 7, 1971, 105-108
417. Influence of gas composition material in glow-discharge lamps.
(in Russian).
on the sputtering
31 rate of cathode
(Poland) The results of measurement of the sputtering rate of cathode material under the action of glow discharge in experimental lamps with molybdenum and nickel cathodes are presented. The lamps were filled with pure argon, a mixture of argon with neon, or neon with addition of mercury vapour. The influence of mercury vapour addition on the variation of the quantity of sputtered material with discharge current is explored.
J Zdanowski, Pr Nauk Inst Technol 3 (4), 1971, 131-143 (in Polish). 418. Light excitation.
source
in vacuum
Elektron
ultraviolet
PWr
with
Ser Stud Mater,
ultrahigh
31 frequency
(USSR) An ultrahigh frequency equipment is described which excitation of a gas discharge in the pressure range 10m2to At lower pressures the discharge is an intensive source of ultraviolet light. The intensity of La in hydrogen discharge order of 6 x 1Ol6 photons/set. D B Diatropov and A V Mitrofanov, 1971, 1128-l 130 (in Russian).
Zh Prikl
Spektroskop,
enables lo2 torr. vacuum is of the 14 (6),
32. NUCLEONICS 32 419. Electric strength of insulators
in vacuum.
(USSR) The connection of insulators to electrodes and the choice of treatment of their side surfaces are investigated in vacuum with a view to attainment of high electric strength in the accelerating tubes of electrostatic generators. A method of connecting insulators to electrodes using a lead wire and reducing leakage currents to below 10e8 A at voltage of 200 kV in vacuum at 1O-5 torr is described. These leakage currents are not higher than those obtained in the absence of the insulator in vacuum. A P Solodovnikov, 420. Arrangement
Prib Tekh Eksper, No 4, 1971, 176-177 (in Russian). 32 for automatic filling of spark chambers. (USSR)
An arrangement for automatic filling of spark chambers, previously evacuated in a vacuum box, is described. The arrangement provides 123
abstracts
407-420 31
407. Dependence
of cathode temperature of electron coefficient of volume filling of its heater. (USSR)
tube
on the
The cathode temperature of an electro-vacuum device is determined by a number of geometrical and heat-energetic factors. An investigation is performed which shows a significant dependence of the cathode temperature on the coefficient of filling of the cathode sleeve volume by the heater. The performed comparisons demonstrate advantages of application of a tungsten-rhenium alloy in comparison to the conventional tungsten heater. Also the dependence of heater temperature on the darkness coefficient of the alundum coating is determined. The efficiency of application of a dark coating is shown. S I Sorokin et al, Heat Transfer in Electron Devices, Collect, No 1, Saratov
1971, 59-68 (in Russian). 31
408. Investigation
of thermal processes in a film element.
(USSR) Thermal processes occurring in film cathode units of electro-vacuum devices are considered. Using a numerical method, the problem of steady heat conductivity is treated and the dependences of the emitting surface temperature on the power dissipated in the film, and the geometrical and physical characteristics of the cathode are determined. S I Sorokin et al, Heat Transfer in Electron Devices, Collect, No 1, Saratov 1971, 109-117 (in Russian).
pressure changes are mainly due to an increase in partial pressures of hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide and nitrogen. K Yu Lovpache et al, Electronic Technology, Scienti-Techn Collect Technology and Organization of Production, No 3, 1971, 47-51 (in Russian). 31 414. Quality criteria of a particular technological process of ultrahigh frequency electro-vacuum device manufacture using the example of (USSR) travelling wave tube evacuation.
The results of a study on the determination of quality criteria for a particular technological process are presented. In the example of travelling wave tube evacuation, criteria of the first and second kind are described. The criteria are evaluated for evacuation procedures for low and medium power travelling wave tubes. S G Bruk et al, Electronic Technology, Scient-Techn Collect, Technology and Organization of Production, No 4, 1971, 61-72 (in Russian) 415. Utilization of combined degassing travelling wave tubes. (USSR)
in the evacuation
31 of low-noise
Problems of combining production scale degassing operations for electron tube components are considered. It is shown that combined degassing systems for evacuating low-noise travelling wave tube reduce the processing time and improve the quality of the tubes. S G Bruk et al, Electronic Technology, Scient-Techn Collect, Tech-
409. Design of folded spiral heaters for electron tubes.
No 3, 1971, 38-42 (in Russian). 31 416. Utilization of partial heating characteristics for evaluating the degree of degassing of inner components of travelling wave tubes.
Saratov
(USSR) It is found that various degassing conditions of inner components of a travelling wave tube during its evacuation procedure considerably influence the character of the partial-heating characteristics of the cathode. A qualitative agreement between the parameters of the partial-heating characteristics and the behaviour of the tubes during life-testing is observed. S G Bruk and M N Brodkin, Electronic Technology, Scient-Techn
31
(USSR) Design techniques for folded spiral heaters in electro-vacuum devices are presented. A nomogram useful for design of spiral heaters is given. The processes of heat transfer in the spiral heatercathode assembly are considered. S I Sorokin et al, Heat Transfer in Electron Devices, Collect, No 1, 1971, 40-46 (in Russian).
31 410. Calculation of the temperature field of heaters in electro-vacuum (USSR) devices with indirectly heated cathodes.
Analytical solution of the equations describing the character of the temperature distribution in the heater on an indirectly heated cathode is considered. On the basis of this solution, numerical calculations of the temperature field of the heater are performed, the results of which are compared with the experimental data on electro-vacuum devices. Good agreement indicates that the formulae can be used for analysis of thermal regime of indirect heaters in electrovacuum devices. V S Koshelev and G M Tsymbalov, Heat Transfer in Electron Collect, No 1, Saratov 1971, 81-90 (in Russian). 411. Analysis
of heat transfer in the grid structures
Devices,
31 of electron tubes.
(USSR) Temperature increases in electron tubes above the optimum value results in deformation of grid structures, enhanced outgassing and various physico-chemical effects. A theoretical calculation of temperature fields in grid structures of electro-vacuum devices is presented. Mathematical formulae are obtained which enable evaluation of the influence of geometrical and physical parameters of various elements in the grid structure on the temperature field of grid. S I Sorokin et al, Heat Transfer in Electron Devices, Collect, No 1, Saratov 1971,47-58 (in Russian). 31 412. Thermal effects in the anodes of electron tubes.
(USSR) Due to nonuniform distribution of energy in electron beams and radiation heat flux from cathode to anode, separate parts of anode have enhanced temperature. This effect results in enhanced outgassing and poisoning of the electron tube cathode. Thermal effects in the anodes of electro-vacuum devices are analyzed. The formulae enable evaluation the influence of energetic, physical and geometrical factors of an anode on its temperature field. M I Grigoreva, Heat Transfer in Electron Devices, Collect, No 1, Saratov 1971, 19-26 (in Russian). 31 413. Investigation of the influence of prolonged storage in conditions of enhanced humidity on the vacuum in M-type electro-vacuum devices.
(USSR) Data on changes in the total pressure in M-type metal-glass devices on storage in conditions of enhanced humidity are presented. The data have been obtained by measurement of the electrical discharge current in the devices in an axial magnetic field. It is shown that
nology and Organization
Collect,
UHF Electronics,
ofProduction,
No 7, 1971, 105-108
417. Influence of gas composition material in glow-discharge lamps.
(in Russian).
on the sputtering
31 rate of cathode
(Poland) The results of measurement of the sputtering rate of cathode material under the action of glow discharge in experimental lamps with molybdenum and nickel cathodes are presented. The lamps were filled with pure argon, a mixture of argon with neon, or neon with addition of mercury vapour. The influence of mercury vapour addition on the variation of the quantity of sputtered material with discharge current is explored.
J Zdanowski, Pr Nauk Inst Technol 3 (4), 1971, 131-143 (in Polish). 418. Light excitation.
source
in vacuum
Elektron
ultraviolet
PWr
with
Ser Stud Mater,
ultrahigh
31 frequency
(USSR) An ultrahigh frequency equipment is described which excitation of a gas discharge in the pressure range 10m2to At lower pressures the discharge is an intensive source of ultraviolet light. The intensity of La in hydrogen discharge order of 6 x 1Ol6 photons/set. D B Diatropov and A V Mitrofanov, 1971, 1128-l 130 (in Russian).
Zh Prikl
Spektroskop,
enables lo2 torr. vacuum is of the 14 (6),
32. NUCLEONICS 32 419. Electric strength of insulators
in vacuum.
(USSR) The connection of insulators to electrodes and the choice of treatment of their side surfaces are investigated in vacuum with a view to attainment of high electric strength in the accelerating tubes of electrostatic generators. A method of connecting insulators to electrodes using a lead wire and reducing leakage currents to below 10e8 A at voltage of 200 kV in vacuum at 1O-5 torr is described. These leakage currents are not higher than those obtained in the absence of the insulator in vacuum. A P Solodovnikov, 420. Arrangement
Prib Tekh Eksper, No 4, 1971, 176-177 (in Russian). 32 for automatic filling of spark chambers. (USSR)
An arrangement for automatic filling of spark chambers, previously evacuated in a vacuum box, is described. The arrangement provides 123