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Lime sludge stabilization of sand for capping sanitary landfills
325A
896290 Numerical method for the analysis of ground improved by columnar inclusions Canetta, G; Nova, R Comput Geotech V7, N1/2, 1989, P99-114 The composite material of soil reinforced by a regular arrangement of stone columns is considered as a homogeneous but anisotropic continuum. A constitutive law for the homogenized medium is derived, starting from the laws for the constituents, whilst meeting conditions of equilibrium and compatibility. Parametric analysis of settlement of a circular foundation on vibrofloted sand is carried out. Influences of design parameters and state of stress after ground treatment are examined.
896291 Large scale direct shear tests on reinforced soil Palmeira, E M; Milligan, G W E Soils Found V29, N1, March 1989, P18-30 Large scale tests were carried out to study soil-reinforcement interactions. Leighton Buzzard sand with various grid and sheet reinforcements was tested in a large direct shear box. Results are discussed in terms of stress and strain distributions in the sand mass, reinforcement profiles, and strains during testing and forces acting in the reinforcement.
896292 Analytical method for geogrid-reinforced soil structures Ochiai, H; Sakai, A Proc Eighth Asian Regional Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Kyoto, 20-24 July 1987 V1, P483-486. Publ Japan: Japanese Society for Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 1987 Laboratory and field pullout tests have been used as a basis to develop an analytical method for grid reinforced structures which takes into account displacements of the grids relative to the soil and associated mobilization of pullout resistance. The method is used to calculate the earth pressure distribution on a vertical retaining wall with geogrid reinforced backfill.
896293 Full scale reinforcement of soils by waste plastic materials (In French) Coulet, C; Rakotondramanitra, J D; Dali-Braham, M Proc Ninth Regional Conference for Africa on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Lagos, September 1987 V1, P421-428. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1987 The use of waste plastic materials to improve soil properties has been investigated. Unsorted and unwashed waste was added to soils and large box tests conducted. This showed an improvement in geotechnical properties. A test embankment was constructed using the waste reinforced soil and its performance monitored.
Soil stabilisation See also: 896097 896294 Lime sludge stabilization of sand for capping sanitary landfills Shakoor, A; Schmidt, M L Bull Assoc Engng Geol V26, N2, May 1989, P227-239 Laboratory tests were carried out to study the possibility of stabilising sand with lime sludge or sewage sludge to develop a capping material for landfills. The geotechnical properties of the 2 sludge types and the sand were determined, and then
changes in the sand properties when blended with various percentages of the sludges. Two conventional clay-type capping materials were also studied for comparison. Results show sewage sludge is not suitable, but that 20% lime addition increased density and reduced permeability. It is expected to be stable with respect to volume changes and slope failure as indicated by durability testing, shear strength parameters and stability analysis.
896295 Fabric development in lime treated day soils Wild, S; Arabi, M; Ward, G L Ground Engng V22, N3, April 1989, P35-37 Illite-, kaolinite- and montmorillonite-lime systems have been studied for periods of up to 2 years and temperatures up to 75 deg C. X-ray analysis shows little evidence of the formation of a crystalline interlocking structure from the calcium silicate gel, as has been suggested. Permeability is reduced by the formation of the gel, but this effect may be cancelled out by diffusion of calcium within the system, leading to exfoliation and degradation, and general opening up of the system with time.
896296 Lime stabilisution of glacial clay Barnes, G E; Reynolds, W S Highways Transp 1/36, N6, June 1989, P26-32 The effect of lime stabilisation on various physical properties of a glacial gravelly clay was studied. The clay was mixed at a variety of water contents and lime contents, and a moisture condition value and Proctor compaction test carried out immediately. After curing, the unconfined compressive strength was derived. Results are discussed in terms of dry density, moisture content, unconfined compressive strength, moisture condition value, brittleness and strength compliance.
Soil compaction 896297 Building a better landfill liner Elsbury, B R; Sraders, G A Civ Engng, N Y V59, N4, April 1989, P57-59 A test liner was constructed of two lifts of highly plastic clay. Examination showed permeability outside Federal regulations, due to the presence of large clods and poor interlift bonding. Based on this work and previous research, advice is given on important factors such as lift thickness, soil water content, roller type, number of passes and coverages, size of clods, and soil preparation and quality assurance.
896298 Field investigation into the effectiveness of reclamation equipment alternatives in reducing subsoil compaction Sweigard, R J; Escobar, E Min Sci Teclmol I/8, N3, May 1989, P313-320 Excessive soil compaction from reclamation activities is a concern for surface mining. A field study was carried out to evaluate 3 subsoil reconstruction practices. The first method considered scraper replacement of the subsoil, the commonly used method. The second method was truck-shovel removal and replacement of the subsoil, and the third was deep tillage of scraper-replaced material. Soil characteristics and dry bulk density were determined at each site. Results confirm the high dry bulk densities of scraper replaced materials and provide insight into practical applications of truck-shovel combinations and deep tillage equipment in dealing with the problem of soil compaction.
© 1989 Pergamon Press pie. Reproduction not permitted
896290 Numerical method for the analysis of ground improved by columnar inclusions Canetta, G; Nova, R Comput Geotech V7, N1/2, 1989, P99-114 The composite material of soil reinforced by a regular arrangement of stone columns is considered as a homogeneous but anisotropic continuum. A constitutive law for the homogenized medium is derived, starting from the laws for the constituents, whilst meeting conditions of equilibrium and compatibility. Parametric analysis of settlement of a circular foundation on vibrofloted sand is carried out. Influences of design parameters and state of stress after ground treatment are examined.
896291 Large scale direct shear tests on reinforced soil Palmeira, E M; Milligan, G W E Soils Found V29, N1, March 1989, P18-30 Large scale tests were carried out to study soil-reinforcement interactions. Leighton Buzzard sand with various grid and sheet reinforcements was tested in a large direct shear box. Results are discussed in terms of stress and strain distributions in the sand mass, reinforcement profiles, and strains during testing and forces acting in the reinforcement.
896292 Analytical method for geogrid-reinforced soil structures Ochiai, H; Sakai, A Proc Eighth Asian Regional Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Kyoto, 20-24 July 1987 V1, P483-486. Publ Japan: Japanese Society for Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 1987 Laboratory and field pullout tests have been used as a basis to develop an analytical method for grid reinforced structures which takes into account displacements of the grids relative to the soil and associated mobilization of pullout resistance. The method is used to calculate the earth pressure distribution on a vertical retaining wall with geogrid reinforced backfill.
896293 Full scale reinforcement of soils by waste plastic materials (In French) Coulet, C; Rakotondramanitra, J D; Dali-Braham, M Proc Ninth Regional Conference for Africa on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Lagos, September 1987 V1, P421-428. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1987 The use of waste plastic materials to improve soil properties has been investigated. Unsorted and unwashed waste was added to soils and large box tests conducted. This showed an improvement in geotechnical properties. A test embankment was constructed using the waste reinforced soil and its performance monitored.
Soil stabilisation See also: 896097 896294 Lime sludge stabilization of sand for capping sanitary landfills Shakoor, A; Schmidt, M L Bull Assoc Engng Geol V26, N2, May 1989, P227-239 Laboratory tests were carried out to study the possibility of stabilising sand with lime sludge or sewage sludge to develop a capping material for landfills. The geotechnical properties of the 2 sludge types and the sand were determined, and then
changes in the sand properties when blended with various percentages of the sludges. Two conventional clay-type capping materials were also studied for comparison. Results show sewage sludge is not suitable, but that 20% lime addition increased density and reduced permeability. It is expected to be stable with respect to volume changes and slope failure as indicated by durability testing, shear strength parameters and stability analysis.
896295 Fabric development in lime treated day soils Wild, S; Arabi, M; Ward, G L Ground Engng V22, N3, April 1989, P35-37 Illite-, kaolinite- and montmorillonite-lime systems have been studied for periods of up to 2 years and temperatures up to 75 deg C. X-ray analysis shows little evidence of the formation of a crystalline interlocking structure from the calcium silicate gel, as has been suggested. Permeability is reduced by the formation of the gel, but this effect may be cancelled out by diffusion of calcium within the system, leading to exfoliation and degradation, and general opening up of the system with time.
896296 Lime stabilisution of glacial clay Barnes, G E; Reynolds, W S Highways Transp 1/36, N6, June 1989, P26-32 The effect of lime stabilisation on various physical properties of a glacial gravelly clay was studied. The clay was mixed at a variety of water contents and lime contents, and a moisture condition value and Proctor compaction test carried out immediately. After curing, the unconfined compressive strength was derived. Results are discussed in terms of dry density, moisture content, unconfined compressive strength, moisture condition value, brittleness and strength compliance.
Soil compaction 896297 Building a better landfill liner Elsbury, B R; Sraders, G A Civ Engng, N Y V59, N4, April 1989, P57-59 A test liner was constructed of two lifts of highly plastic clay. Examination showed permeability outside Federal regulations, due to the presence of large clods and poor interlift bonding. Based on this work and previous research, advice is given on important factors such as lift thickness, soil water content, roller type, number of passes and coverages, size of clods, and soil preparation and quality assurance.
896298 Field investigation into the effectiveness of reclamation equipment alternatives in reducing subsoil compaction Sweigard, R J; Escobar, E Min Sci Teclmol I/8, N3, May 1989, P313-320 Excessive soil compaction from reclamation activities is a concern for surface mining. A field study was carried out to evaluate 3 subsoil reconstruction practices. The first method considered scraper replacement of the subsoil, the commonly used method. The second method was truck-shovel removal and replacement of the subsoil, and the third was deep tillage of scraper-replaced material. Soil characteristics and dry bulk density were determined at each site. Results confirm the high dry bulk densities of scraper replaced materials and provide insight into practical applications of truck-shovel combinations and deep tillage equipment in dealing with the problem of soil compaction.
© 1989 Pergamon Press pie. Reproduction not permitted