Lingua survey of books

Lingua 64 (1984) 393-426 North-Holland

393

LiRsua SURVEY OF BOOKS A selected and annotated bibliography of recent publications in linguistics Number 25 December 1984

Organizing Editor Sjef Schoorl

Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. (North-Holland) Amsterdam

0024-3841 / 84/$3.00 © 1984, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. (North-Holland)

394

Index Survey o/" books CLASSIVICATION

1. GENERAL WORKS 1.1, m u l t i d i s c i p l i n a r y 1.2. b i o g r a p h y -- b i b l i o g r a p h y 1.3. m i s c e l l a n e o u s -- l i t e r a r y s t u d i e s 2. PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE 2.1. g e n e r a l - i n t r o d u c t o r y 2.2. s p e e c h a c t t h e o r y pragmatics 2.3. s e m i o t i c s 2.4. m a t h e m a t i c a l f o u n d a t i o n s of l i n g u i s t i c s 2.5. logic 3, T H E O R E T I C A L LINGUISTICS 3.1. g e n e r a l -- i n t r o d u c t o r y 3.2. t h e o r y and m e t h o d 3.3. p h o n e t i c s - phonology 3.4. m o r p h o l o g y 3.5. sTntax 3.6. s e m a n t i c s -- l e x i c o g r a p h y 3.7. beyond the s e n t e n c e 4. DESCRIPTIVE LINGUISTICS 4.1. g e n e r a l -- i n t r o d u c t o r y 4.2. g r a m m a r s 4.3. d i c t i o n a r i e s 4.4. c a s e s t u d i e s 5. A P P L I E D LINGUISTICS 5.1. g e n e r a l -- i n t r o d u c t o r y 5.2. n a t i v e l a n g u a g e p e d a g o g y 5.3. s e c o n d l a n g u a g e l e a r n i n g and t e a c h i n g 5.4. c o n t r a s t i v e s t u d i e s 6. PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 6.1. g e n e r a l -- i n t r o d u c t o r y 6.2. l a n g u a g e a c q u i s i t i o n 6.3. l a n g u a g e p r o c e s s i n g 6.4. l a n g u a g e and c o g n i t i o n 6.5. s p e e c h and l a n g u a g e p a t h o l o g y 7. SOCIOLINGUISTICS 7.1. g e n e r a l -- i n t r o d u c t o r y 7.2. l i n g u i s t i c g e o g r a p h y - d i a l e c t o l o g y 7,3, l a n g u a g e s in c o n t a c t 7.4. e t h n o l i n g u i s t i c s 8. COMPARATIVE AND HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS 8.1. g e n e r a l - i n t r o d u c t o r y 8.2. c a s e s t u d i e s 9. HISTORY OF LINGUISTICS

BIBLIOGRAPHY

I

1.1

G E N E R A L WORKS

MULTIDISCIPLINARY

C l a u s - R a i n e r ROLLINGER (ed.) P r o b l e m e des (Text-)Verstehens: Ans:atze der k{~nstlichen lntelligenz (Sprache und Information; 10) N i e m e y e r , Tubingen, 1984 x + 290pp. DM 98,00 1SBN 3 484 319190 0 Contents: PART I/ 0 b e r b l i c k und Einf~hrung (papers by C h r i s t o p h e r Habel; S i e g f r i e d Kanngiesser; A s t r i d Jasse) PART 11/ Grammatiken und P a r s e v e r f a h r e n ( c h a p t e r s by H e l m a r Gust; J a m e s Kilbury; C a r o l a Reddig; Michael E i m e r m a c h e r ) PART 111/ Die Textreprasentation (contributions by C l a u s - R a i n e r Rollinger; C h r i s t o p h e r Habel; S i e g f r i e d G[Jnther; C h r i s t a Hauenschild) PART IV/ Bildbeschreibung und Imagination -- Komponenten f~Jr Bild- und S p r a c h v e r s t e h e n (contributions by Bernd Neumann; Michael F~Jrnsinn, M o h a m m e d Khenkhar and Bernd Ruschkowski; A s t r i d Jasse; H a n s - J o a c h i m Novak and Bernd Neumann) PART V/ Die Behandlung unsicheren und unvollstandigen Wissens ( c h a p t e r s by C l a u s - R a i n e r Rollinger; A l b r e c h t Schmiedel; Uwe Reyle) PART VI/ Verstehen und Partnermodellierung (papers by K a t h a r i n a Morik; C l a u s - R a i n e r Rollinger). Mark WALLACE C o m m u n i c a t i n g with Databases in Natural Language (Ellis Horwood Series in A r t i f i c i a l Intelligence) Ellis Horwood, C h i c h e s t e r , 1984 170pp. £ 16.50 ISBN 0 85321 639 9 Contents: l/Introduction 2 / N a t u r a l language enquiry 3/Formalising natural language 4/D&Qs 5/Semantics 6/Implementation 7/Current d e v e l o p m e n t s in natural language a c c e s s to d a t a b a s e s Appendixes: 1/ A pilot i m p l e m e n t a t i o n 2 / S p e c i f i c a t i o n of D&Qs 3/A Prolog program for c o n v e r t i n g D&Qs to list c o m m a n d s 4/The e l e c t i o n and Copse d a t a b a s e s 5 / I n t r o d u c t i o n to Prolog. This book is intended to give the r e a d e r an insight into the cons t r u c t i o n of a natural language i n t e r f a c e to a r e l a t i o n a l d a t a b a s e . It t r i e s to reach its aim by examining various solutions i m p l e m e n t e d in existing natural language i n t e r f a c e s , and by a d e t a i l e d d e s c r i p t i o n of one such i m p l e m e n t a t i o n , c a l l e d QPROC, which uses the f i f t h - g e n e r ation p r o g r a m m i n g language Prolog.

396

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1.2

BIOGRAPHY -- BIBLIOGRAPHY

Joachim MUGDAN Jan Baudouin de C o u r t e n a y (1845-1929): Leben und Werk Fink Verlag, M{Jnchen, 1984 vi + 238pp. DM 38,00 ISBN 3 7705 2215 X Contents: Vorbemerkungen 1/Lebenslauf und Personlichkeit 2/Sprachwissenschaftliche A r b e i t e n 3/Stellung in der Geschichte der Linguistik 4/Literatur. This book provides a description of Baudouin*s life, a t h e m a t i c p r e s e n t a t i o n of his linguistic works, and a survey of discussions of his place in the history of linguistics.

1.3

MISCELLANEOUS -

LITERARY STUDIES

Raymond CHAPMAN The T r e a t m e n t of Sounds in Language and Literature Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1984 262pp. £ 19.50 ISBN 0 631 13657 6 Contents: l / I n t r o d u c t i o n 2/Written dialogue 3/Methods of representation: normal resources of languages 4/Methods of r e p r e s e n t a t i o n : e x t r a - l i n g u a l resources 5/Phonemic variations in speech 6/Prosodic e l e m e n t s in speech 7/Other features of speech 8/Non-verbal vocalisations 9/Natural n o n - h u m a n sounds 10/Inanimate sounds l l/Music 12/Direct c o m m e n t a r y 13/Experiment and e x p l o i t a t i o n 14/The sound of l i t e r a t u r e 15/Aspects of the relationship. This book studies the ways in which i m a g i n a t i v e writers use the w r i t t e n code of language to convey sound, with special emphasis on special and peculiar features of speech in dialogue, such as stress, intonation, dialect, and d i s t i n c t i v e pronunciation. Examples are taken mainly from English l i t e r a t u r e with supporting r e f e r e n c e s to other European texts. Rainer GROBEL Russische Erzahlung / Russian Short Story - U t r e c h t e r Symposium zur Theorie und Geschichte der russischen Erz~hlung im 19. und 20. J a h r h u n d e r t (Studies in Slavic L i t e r a t u r e and Poetics; 6) Rodopi, A m s t e r d a m , 1984 xviii + 424pp. ISBN 90 6203 916 2 J a m i e C. KASSLER / Jill STUBINGTON (eds) P r o b l e m s and Solutions: Occasional Essays in Musicology presented to Alice M. Moyle Hale & Ironmonger, Sydney, 1984 413pp. $ 29.95 ISBN 0 86806 148 4

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Walter KOSCHMAL Vom Realismus zum Symbo!!smus: Zu Genese und Morphologie der Symbolsprache in den spaten Werke I.S. Turgenevs (Studies in Slavic L i t e r a t u r e and Poetics; 5) Rodopi, A m s t e r d a m , 1984 215pp. ISBN 90 6203 886 Neohelicon. A c t a c o m p a r a t i o n e s l i t t e r a r u m universarum Akad6miai Kiad6, Budapest / John Benjamins, A m s t e r d a m 10/2 (1983) 322pp. ISSN 0324 4652 Sigismund SUEVUS Erbauungsschriften: Spiegel des m e n s c h l i c h e n Lebens -- Eine Auswahl - f a c s i m i l e reprint, edited and introduced by M. van den Broek(Quellen und Forschungen zur E r b a u u n g s l i t e r a t u r des Spaten M i t t e l a l t e r s und der fruhen Neuzeit; 6) Rodopi, A m s t e r d a m , 1984 59 + 305pp. ISBN 90 5203 546 9

2

PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE

2.1

GENERAL - I N T R O D U C T O R Y

Ruth G a r r e t t MILLIKAN Language, Thought, and Other Biological Categories: New Foundations for Realism MIT Press, Cambridge MA, 1984 355pp. US$ 40.45 ISBN 0 262 13195 1 Contents: Introduction PART I/ The Theory of Proper F u n c t i o n s with Some Applications Prior to Introducing I n t e n t i o n a l i t y l / D i r e c t proper functions 2/Adapted devices and adapted and derived proper functions 3/Indicatives, imperatives, and G r i c e a n i n t e n t i o n s 4/Language device types; dictionary senses; stabilizing proper function as the first aspect of meaning PART II/ A G e n e r a l Theory of Signs 5 / l n t e n t i o n a l i t y as a natural phenomenon 6 / I n t e n t i o n a l icons: F r e g e a n sense, r e f e r e n c e , and real value introduced 7/Kinds of signs 8/Hubots, rumans, and others: case studies of intensions, senses, and "stimulus meanings ' ' w 9 / Intension: the third aspect of m e a n i n g PART llI/ A Short Lexicon for Philosophers 10/Simple indexicals l l/Descriptions 12/"Is" and "exists": r e p r e s e n t e d r e f e r e n t s and p r o t o r e f e r e n t s 13/Quotation marks, "says that" and "believes that" 14/"Not" and "all": two more kinds of i n d e f i n i t e descriptions PART IV/ Theory of I d e n t i t y 15/The act of identifying I6/Notes on the identity of substances and properties 17/Notes on the i d e n t i t y of enduring objects 18/Epistemology of identity: the law of n o n c o n t r a d i c t i o n 19/Epistemology of identity: laws, and intrusive information.

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S t a r t i n g with a general theory of function applied to body organs, behaviors, customs, and both inner and outer r e p r e s e n t a t i o n s , this book argues that the i n t e n t i o n a l i t y of language can be described without r e f e r e n c e to speaker intentions and that an understanding of the i n t e n t i o n a l i t y of thought can and should be divorced from the problem of understanding consciousness. The results are c l a i m e d to support a r e a l i s t i c theory of truth and of universals, and to open the way for a nonfoundationalistic, nonholist approach to e p i s t e m o l o g y . 2.2

SPEECH ACT THEORY

PRAGMATICS

A n n e - M a r i e DILLER La p r a g m a t i q u e des questions et des r6ponses (Tubinger Beitr~ge zur Linguistik; 243) Gunter Narr, T~bingen, 1984 162pp. DM 38,00 ISBN 3 87808 243 6 Contents: 1/Le couple question-rOponse 2 / A c t e s indirects de langage et d~rivation i l l o c u t o i r e 3 / L ' a c t e i ll o c ut o i r e de question vu ~ t r a v e r s ses r6ponses d i r e c t e s 4/Le p o t e n t i e l a r g u m e n t a t i f des questions 5/La question vu ~ t r a v e r s ses r~ponses indirectes. This p r a g m a t i c study of the q u e s t i o n - a n s w e r pair in French takes as its s t a r t i n g point the fact that many i n t e r r o g a t i v e s e n t e n c e s are not used as r e q u e s t s for information. Its c o n v e n t i o n a l i s t approach to indirect speech a c t s is said to preclude the need for c o n v e r s a t i o n a l maxims in an account of the behaviour of questions. Oswald D U C R O T E1 decir y 1o dicho (Lengua, Lingufstica, C o m m u n i c a c i 6 n ) H a c h e t t e , Buenos Aires, 1984 279pp. ISBN 950 506 055 6 Contents: PART I/ Presuposici6n y sobrentendido I / L a descripci6n s e m ~ n t i c a de los enunciados y la nociOn de presuposici6n 2/Presupuestos y sobrentendidos 3/La descripci6n s e m ~ n t i e a en ling[~lstica P A R T lI/ La r e f e r e n c i a 4/Los indefinidos y la enunciaciOn 5/Algunas i m p l i e a c i o n e s ling~fsticas de la theorfa medieval de la suposiei6n PART Ili/ Enunciaci6n y a r g u m e n t a c i 6 n 6/La enunciaci6n 7/La argum e n t a c i 6 n de autoridad 8/Anfilisis pragmfitieos 9/Lenguaje, m e t a lenguaje y r e a l i z a t i v o s 10/La noci6n de sujeto hablante. Axel HOBLER Understatements and Hedges in English (Pragmatics & Beyond; IV,6) John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 1983 192pp. Dfl 55,00/US$ 22.00 ISBN 90 272 2531 1 Contents: Introduction l/Guidelines to understatements and hedges 2/Phrastie indetermination as a device for forming understatements 3/ Neustic indetermination as a device for forming hedges 4/Communicative conditions for understatements and hedges.

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The goal of this monograph is to provide a comprehensive analysis of u n d e r s t a t e m e n t s and other forms of n o n - d i r e c t speech in modern English. The main part consists of an investigation of the linguistic r e s t r i c t i o n s for u n d e r s t a t e m e n t s to be formed by means of various g r a m m a t i c a l categories, including negation of predicates, gradation of predicates, and m o d a l i z a t i o n of s e n t e n c e s by means of p a r e n t h e t i c a l verbs, modal verbs and modal adverbs. J an PRUCHA Pragmalinguistics: East European Approaches (Pragmatics & Beyond; IV,5) John Benjamins, A m s t e r d a m , 1983 103pp. Dfl 45,00/US$ 18.00 ISBN 90 272 2530 3 Contents: Introduction l / P r a g m a l i n g u i s t i c s : the s t a t e of the art 2/ P r a g m a l i n g u i s t i c theory: four d i f f e r e n t approaches 3/Empirical studies in p r a g m a l i n g u i s t i c s and r e l a t e d fields. In this survey of p r a g m a l i n g u i s t i c studies c u r r e n t l y being conducted in Czechoslovakia, Poland, the G e r m a n D e m o c r a t i c Republic and the USSR, much a t t e n t i o n is being paid to applied research in the fields of education and instruction, mass c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and propaganda. J {~rgen STREECK Social Order in Child C o m m u n i c a t i o n : A Study in Microethnography ( P r a g m a t i c s & Beyond; IV,8) John Benjamins, A m s t e r d a m , 1983 vi + 130pp. Dfl 45,00/US$ 18.00 ISBN 90 272 2533 8 Contents: I n t r o d u c t i o n l/Beyond pragmatics: the behavioral organization of talk 2/The e m e r g e n c e of m i c r o e t h n o g r a p h y 3/Peer-group interaction 4/The study: m a t e r i a l s and guiding questions 5/Spatial o r g a n i z a t i o n and the formation of coalitions 6 / N e g o t i a t i n g the plan of the e n c o u n t e r 7/Frames, a t t e n t i o n patterns, and states of talk 8 / F r a m e s and n o r m a t i v e order 9/Conclusions. This volume presents an a t t e m p t to i n v e s t i g a t e in microscopic detail various processes of c o n t e x t u a l i z a t i o n by which children organize their i n t e r a c t i o n , achieve a working consensus on what it is they are doing together, and thereby s i t u a t e their linguistic activities.

3

3.1

THEORETICAL LINGUISTICS

GENERAL - - I N T R O D U C T O R Y

Adrian AKMAJlAN / Richard A. DEMERS / Robert M. HARNISH Linguistics: An I n t r o d u c t i o n to Language and C o m m u n i c a t i o n -revised and expanded second editionMIT Press, Cambridge MA, 1984 xvi + 547pp. US$ 40.00 ISBN 0 262 01079 X (cloth) US$ 18.00 ISBN 0 262 51029 4 (paper)

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Contents: PART I/ Background l/What is linguistics 2/Animal comm u n i c a t i o n PART 11/ The S t r u c t u r e of Human Language 3/Morphology: the s t r u c t u r e of words 4/Phonology: the s t r u c t u r e and p a t t e r n i n g of the sounds of language 5/Syntax: the study of s e n t e n c e s t r u c t u r e 6/ Semantics: the study of meaning and r e f e r e n c e 7/Language variation 8/Language change PART lll/ C o m m u n i c a t i o n and Cognitive Science 9 / P r a g m a t i c s : the study of language use and c o m m u n i c a t i o n 10/ Psychology of language: speech Droduetion and comprehension 11/ Language acquisition in child and chimp 12/Language and the brain. Among the new features of the second edition of this textbook are: a revised c h a p t e r on pragmatics; a new c h a p t e r on psychology of language, and various new subsections on child language acquisition, discourse and conversations, and ATN s e n t e n c e - p a r s e r s . Rodney HUDDLESTON I n t r o d u c t i o n to the G r a m m a r of English (Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1984 xv + 483pp. £ 30.00 ISBN 0 521 29704 4 (cloth) £ 9.95 1SBN 0 521 22893 X (paper) Contents: 1/Basic concepts in g r a m m a r 2/The s t r u c t u r a l approach to linguistic analysis 3/The parts of speech 4/Verbs and verb phrases 5/The s t r u c t u r e of kernel clauses 6/Nouns and noun phrases 7/ Pronouns 8 / A d j e c t i v e s and adjective phrases 9/Verbs, nouns and adjectives: the boundaries b e t w e e n them 10/Adverbs, prepositions and c o n j u n c t i o n s l l / C l a u s e type 12/Coordination and subordination 13/ Negation 14/Thematic systems of the clause. The aim of this textbook is to give a careful and precise account of major areas of English g r a m m a r that will provide a foundation for more advanced work in t h e o r e t i c a l linguistics. It is w r i t t e n for s t u d e n t s who may have no previous knowledge of linguistics and little f a m i l i a r i t y with grammar, whether traditional or more r e c e n t . Paolo RAMAT

Linguistica tipologica (Studi linguistici e semiologici; 21) I1 Mulino, Bologna, 1984 217pp. L 20.000 ISBN 88 15 00576 5 Contents: 1/I problemi della tipologia linguistiea 2/Universali e tipologia 3/I1 livello della tipologia: predicati e argomenti 4/Crisi del formalismo: theoria della g r a m m a t i c a e dati empirici 5/Per una tipologia del g e r m a n i c o comune 6/La nascita di nuove c a t e g o r i e morfologiche: il caso d e l l ' a r t i c o l o e del pronome relativo nelle lingue g e r m a n i c h e 7/Per una tipologia del latino pompeiano 8/Un esempio di rianalisi: le forme p e r i f r a s t i c h e nel s i s t e m a verbale delle lingue r o m a n z e 9/La tipologia linguistica di Wilhelm von Humboldt. The first four chapters of this book deal with general problems in linguistic typology. The r e m a i n i n g chapters apply the views espoused there to a v a r i e t y of p a r t i c u l a r problems in the field. Earlier versions of the papers c o l l e c t e d in this volume have appeared in the years 1973-1983.

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William E. RUTHERFORD (ed.) Language Universals and Second Language Acquisition (Typological Studies in Language; 5) John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 1984 ix + 258pp. Dfl 90,00/US$ 36.00 ISBN 90 272 2869 8 (cloth) Dfl 60,00/US$ 24.00 ISBN 90 272 2870 1 (paper) Contents: Introduction (William Rutherford) l/Why linguists need language acquirers (Bernard Comrie) 2/Second language acquisition and the ontology of language universals (Susan Gass & Josh Ard) 3/Universals, typologies, and interlanguage (Fred R. Eckman) 4/Universals of discourse structure and second language acquisition (TMmy GivOn) S/The language bioprogram hypothesis and second language acquisition (Derek Bicker,on) 6/A universal input condition (Jacquelyn Schachter) ?/Uniformity and source-language variation across developmental continua (Helmut Zobl) 8/In what ways are language universals psychologically real? (Kenji Hakuta) 9/Repertoire universals, markedness, and second language acquisition (Charles A. Ferguson). This volume presents the majority of the papers presented at a conference on Language Universals and Second Language Acquisition held at the University of Southern California in February 1982. In addition, it includes the updated comments and criticisms made by discussants in response to the final, post-conference, versions of these papers. The parameters of language universals discussed in the present volume are the following: core-periphery phenomena; markedness; word-order (in particular, cross-categorial harmony); branching direction; syntactic-semantic distance; and accessibility hierarchies. Language. Journal of the Linguistic S o c i e t y of A m e r i c a . The W a v e r l e y Press, B a l t i m o r e 60/4 (1984) 220pp. Linguistica. Revue publi~e et 6dit6e par la F a c u l t ~ des L e t t r e s et Philosophie de l ' U n i v e r s i t 6 Edvard K a r d e l j de Ljubljana 23 (1983) 364pp. 3.2

THEORY AND METHOD

Hans Ulrich BOAS F o r m a l versus E x p l a n a t o r y G e n e r a l i z a t i o n s in G e n e r a t i v e T r a n s f o r m a t i o n a l Grammar: An Investigation into Generative Argumentation (Linguistische Arbeiten; 150) Niemeyer, Tubingen, 1984 xvii + 460pp. DM 140,00 ISBN 3 484 30150 3 Contents: l/Introduction 2/The status of linguistics as a science 3/ The concept of 'linguistically significant generalization' and its critics 4/The Revised Extended Standard Theory and its modules versus the Standard Theory 5/The motivation for extending the base component: the lexicalist hypothesis 6/Motivations for constraining the 'extended' categorial rules: X' theories ?/Further arguments against X 1' and X 9'

402

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t h e o r i e s 8 / S o m e concluding remarks: ' a d v a n c e d ' lexicalism versus early transformationalism. The general t h e m e of this book is the lack of e m p i r i c a l backing (in the sense of c o m p r e h e n s i v e n e s s of co v er ag e) which the author feels has v i t i a t e d much work in formal linguistics. Ann Kathleen FARMER Modularity in Syntax: A Study of J a p a n e s e and English (Current Studies in Linguistics', 9) M1T Press, C a m b r i d g e MA, 1984 xvi + 238pp. US$ 37.15 ISBN 0 262 06087 6 Contents: l / D e f i n i n g the base 2 / J a p a n e s e syntax: prevailing and a l t e r n a t i v e analyses 3 /E x te n d in g the modular theory: J a p a n e s e 4/Extending the modular theory: English 5 / C o n s e q u e n c e s for anaphora in English 6 / I m p l i c a t i o n s for language typology. This study o f f e r s an a l t e r n a t i v e to the so - cal l ed Standard Theory, a model that has long d o m i n a t e d J a p a n e s e linguistics. It proposes a modular approach to the description of linguistic phenomena, reducing the t r a n s f o r m a t i o n a l c o m p o n e n t and viewing the linguistic system, instead, as being composed of a set of i n t e r a c t i n g components. William A. FOLEY / R o b e r t D. VAN VALIN, Jr Functional Syntax and Universal G r a m m a r (Cambridge Studies in Linguistics; 38) C a m b r i d g e U n i v e r s i t y Press, Cambridge, 1984 xvi + 416pp. £ 30.00 ISBN 0 521 25956 8 (cloth) £ 12.50 ISBN 0 521 26904 0 (paper) Contents: l / T h e o r e t i c a l p r e l i m i n a r i e s 2/The s e m a n t i c s t r u c t u r e of the clause 3 / C a s e marking 4 / I n t r a c l a u s a l syntax 5 / J u n c t u r e and o p e r a t o r s 6/Nexus 7 / S y s t e m s of discourse cohesion: r e f e r e n c e - t r a c k i n g mechanisms. This book takes as its s t a r t i n g point the fact that when human beings c o m m u n i c a t e with each o t h e r by means of a natural language they typically do not do so in isolated sentences, but r a t h e r in conn e c t e d discourse, and that a n e c e s s a r y precondition for intelligible discourse is the s p e a k e r ' s ability to signal the t e m p o r a l relations b e t w e e n the e v e n t s that are being discussed and to r e f e r to the p a r t i c i p a n t s in those e v e n t s in such a way that it is c l e a r who is being talked about. A g r e a t deal of the m ach i n er y in a language is d e v o t e d to this task, and the present book explores how d i f f e r e n t g r a m m a t i c a l s y s te m s accomplish it. In so doing a functional theory of language is developed, ' R o l e and R e f e r e n c e G r a m m a r ' , which assumes that the s t r u c t u r e of language is i n t i m a t e l y r e l a t e d to its role in c o m m u n i c a t i o n . A major f e a t u r e of the book is the range of languages that are examined, special emphasis being given to A m e r i c a n Indian, Australian, Papuan and Phillipine languages. R i ch ar d HUDSON Word G r a m m a r (Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1984 vi + 267pp. £ 22.50 ISBN 0 631 13186 8

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C o n t en t s : l / I n t r o d u c t i o n 2/Morphology and lexical relations 3/Syntax 4 / S e m a n t i c s 5 / C o - o r d i n a t e s t r u c t u r e s 6/Spoken and w r i t t e n u t t e r a n c e s . This book is about a linguistic theory, Word G r a m m a r , which is radically d i f f e r e n t from the theory a d v o c a t e d e a r l i e r by its author: D a u g h t e r - D e p e n d e n c y G r a m m a r . The present theory has no place for c o n s t i t u e n t s larger than words or for s y n t a c t i c features, and it presents language s t r u c t u r e as a special case of c o g n i t i v e s t r u c t u r e . It is held that the syntax of a s e n t e n c e can best be described in t e r m s of dependency r a t h e r than c o n s t i t u e n t s t r u c t u r e , and that the internal s t r u c t u r e can be g e n e r a l i z e d to act as the basis for g e n e r a t i n g synt a c t i c s t r u c t u r e s , so that t h e r e is no f u n d a m e n t a l distinction b e t w e e n ' ru l es ' and ' l e x i e a l e n t r i e s ' . The theory of word g r a m m a r is g e n e r a t ive, in the sense of being fully f o r m a l i z e d and explicit, allowing a single s t r u c t u r e for each s e n t e n c e which includes all the linguistic levels of phonology, syntax and s e m a n t i c s . Elsa 1TKONEN Causality: A C r i t i c a l I n v e s t i g a t i o n into the Philosophical and Methodological Foundations of ' N o n - a u t o n o m o u s ' Linguistics (Croom Helm Linguistics Series) Croom Helm, London/Indiana U n i v e r s i t y Press, Bloomington, 1984 x + 332p. US$ 30.00 ISBN 0 7099 1313 3 C o n t en t s : l / N o n - c a u s a l and causal: a p r el i m i n ar y distinction 2/The c o n c e p t of c a u s a l i t y 3/The c o n c e p t of r a t i o n a l i t y 4/The methodological status of r a t i o n a l i t y in linguistics 5/Philosophical foundations of the c o n c e p t of linguistic behavior 6 / T h r e e d i f f e r e n t types of causal model for linguistic behavior. Causal linguistics is used here to r e f e r to an enquiry into those mechanisms, w h e t h e r biological, social or psychological, which c o n t r i bute to the o c c u r r e n c e of linguistic b e h a v i o u r - m o m e n t a r y behaviour like speech p e r c e p t i o n and production, as well as p r o t r a c t e d behaviour like language acquisition and language change. Non-causal linguistics, by c o n t r a s t , is defined as a type of enquiry which i n v e s t i g a t e s language 'in i t s e l f ' , a b s t r a c t i n g from the m e c h a n i s m s that sustain it. David M. P E R L M U T T E R / Carol G. ROSEN (eds) Studies in R e l a t i o n a l G r a m m a r 2 U n i v e r s i t y of C h i c a g o Press, C h i c a g o /Lo n d o n , 1984 xviii + 358pp. US$ 40.25 ISBN 0 266 66051 6 Contents: l / T h e inadequacy of some m o n o s t r a t a l t h e o r i e s of passive (David M. P e r l m u t t e r ) ~/The i n t e r f a c e b e t w e e n s e m a n t i c roles and initial g r a m m a t i c a l r e l a t io n s (Carol G. Rosen) 3/The 1 - a d v a n c e m e n t e x c l u s i v e n e s s law (David M. P e r l n a u t t e r / P a u l M. Postal) 4/Impersonal passives and some r e l a t i o n a l laws (David M. P e r l m u t t e r / P a u l M. Postal) 5/The i n d e f i n i t e e x t r a p o s i t i o n c o n s t r u c t i o n in Dutch and G e r m a n (David M. P e r l m u t t e r / A n n i e Zaenen) 6 / P e r s o n a l and impersonal passives in Seri (Stephen A. Marlett) 7 / C a s e marking, verb a g r e e m e n t , and inversion in Udi (Alice C. Harris) 8/Inversion as a rule of universal g r a m m a r : Georgian e v i d e n c e (Alice C. Harris) 9/Working ls and inversion in Italian, Japanese, and Quechua (David M. P e r l m u t t e r ) 10/Antipassive: C h o c t a w e v i d e n c e for a universal c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n .

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The major theme of this volume of studies in Relational G r a m m a r is demotions, whereas its companion volume c o n c e n t r a t e s on advancements, ascensions, and clause union. Besides defending c e r t a i n laws proposed in Relational G r a m m a r , the papers collected here also bear on the adequacy of c u r r e n t frameworks that do not c o u n t e n a n c e demotions. 3.3

PHONETICS -

PHONOLOGY

Dafydd GIBBON / Helmut RICHTER (eds) Intonation, A c c e n t and Rhythm: Studies in Discourse Phonology (Research in Text Theory; 9) De Gruyter, Berlin/New York, 1984 ix + 305pp. DM 148,00 ISBN 3 11 009832 6 Contents: l/Phonology and discourse: a variety of approaches (Dafydd G i b b o n / H e l m u t Richter) 2/A discourse domain identified by i n t o n a t i o n (Janet Bing) 3 / A u t o m a t i c t r a n s c r i p t i o n of i n t o n a t i o n in Dutch (L.Boves /B.L. ten Have /H.W. Vieregge) 4/The i n t o n a t i o n of s e n t e n c e s read aloud (David Brazil) 5/The r e l e v a n c e of i n t o n a t i o n a l misfits (Alan Cruttenden) 6/Stress and a c c e n t in language production and understanding (Anne Cutler) 7 / G r a m m a t i c a l prerequisites to the analysis of speech style: f a s t / c a s u a l speech (Grzegorz Dogil) 8/Subordinating and c o - o r d i n a t i n g i n t o n a t i o n s t r u c t u r e s in the a r t i c u l a t i o n of discourse (Anthony Fox) 9 / ' D e a c c e n t i n g ' and ' d e f a u l t a c c e n t ' (Anna Fuchs) 10/ Intonation as an adaptive process (Dafydd Gibbon) I1/A phonetic approach to intonation: from pitch contours to i n t o n a t i o n p a t t e r n s (J. 't Hart) 12/Isoehrony in English speech: its s t a t i s t i c a l validity and linguistic r e l e v a n c e (W. J a s s e m / D.R. Hill/ I.H. Witten) 13/Variable s t r a t e g i e s in i n t o n a t i o n (Gerald Knowles) 14/Recent d e v e l o p m e n t s in speech signal pitch e x t r a c t i o n (Manfred Krause) 15/English compound stress (D. Robert Ladd) 16/A method for the s e m a n t i c study of synt a c t i c a c c e n t s (Hans-Heinrich Lieb) 17/An observation c o n c e r n i n g i n t e n s i t y as a predictable f e a t u r e of i n t o n a t i o n (Helmut Richter) 18/ Logical form and prosodic islands (Mitsou Ronat) 19/Interrelations b e t w e e n f u n d a m e n t a l frequency and other acoustic p a r a m e t e r s of emphatic s e g m e n t s (Peter Winkler). Roger LASS Phonology: An I n t r o d u c t i o n to Basic Concepts (Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1984 xix + 3~3pp. £ 27.50 ISBN 0 521 23728 9 (cloth) £ 7.95 ISBN 0521 28183 0 (paper) C o n t e n t s : l / P r e l i m i n a r i e s : what is phonology? and some related matters 2/Foundations: the phoneme concept 3/Opposition, n e u t r a l i z a t i o n , features 4 / I n t e r f a c e s : morphophonemic a l t e r n a t i o n s and sandhi 5/ ' U l t i m a t e c o n s t i t u e n t s ' 1: binary f e a t u r e s 6 / ' U l t i m a t e c o n s t i t u e n t s ' 2: n o n - b i n a r y f e a t u r e s and internal s e g m e n t a l s t r u c t u r e 7/Phonological systems 8/Phonological processes 9/The limits of a b s t r a c t i o n : g e n e r a t ive phonology 10/Beyond the segment: prosodies, syllables and q u a n t i t y

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I I / D e p e n d e n c y relations 1 2 / N o n - s t a t i c phonology: c o n n e c t e d speech and v a r i a t i o n 13/Phonological change. Lass's book aims to fill the need for a book that is n e i t h e r a history of phonology, nor an a t t e m p t to sell a p a r t i c u l a r school or orthodoxy, but one that o f f e r s a broad and e c l e c t i c c o v e r a g e of the field, takes seriously a wide range of c o m p e t i n g t h e o r i e s , a n a l y t i c a l s t r a t e g i e s and notational systems, and depicts phonology as a discipline with h i s t o r i c a l continuity, not as a series of ' r e v o l u t i o n s ' . lan MADDIESON P a t t e r n s of Sounds (Cambridge Studies in Speech S c i e n c e and C o m m u n i c a t i o n ) (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1984 ix + 422pp. £ 20.00 ISBN 0 521 26536 3 Contents: l / T h e size and s t r u c t u r e of phonological i n v e n t o r i e s 2/Stops and a f f r i c a t e s 3 / F r i c a t i v e s 4/Nasals 5/Liquids 6/Vocoid a p p r o x i m a n t s 7 / G l o t t a l i c and l a r y n g e a l i z e d consonants 8/Vowels 9/Insights on vowel spacing ( C h a p t e r w r i t t e n by Sandra F. Disner) 10/The design of the UCLA phonological s e g m e n t i n v e n to r y database (UPSID). Appendix A / Language lists and bibliography of data sources. Appendix B/ P h o n e m e c h a r t s and s e g m e n t index for UPSID languages. This book describes the f r e q u e n c y and distributional p a t t e r n s of the phonemic sounds in a large and r e p r e s e n t a t i v e sample of the world's languages. The results are based on UPSID, a c o m p u t e r file containing the phonemes of 317 languages s e l e c t e J on the basis of g e n e t i c diversity. In this d a t a b a s e c o n s i s t e n t c r i t e r i a have been used to establish the phonemic i n v e n to r y of each language, and each phoneme is r e p r e s e n t e d by a ' m o s t c h a r a c t e r i s t i c ' allophone described in t e r m s of a set of phonetic f e a t u r e s . A major finding of the present book is that the c o m m o n belief that languages b al an ce out c o m p l e x i t y in one part of the in v e n t o r y with simplicity e l s e w h e r e is s t a t i s t i c a l l y invalid.

3.5

SYNTAX

Anna S1EWIERSKA The Passive: A C o m p a r a t i v e Linguistic Analysis (Croom Helm Linguistic Series) Croom Helm, London, 1984 xiv + 306pp. £ 17.95 ISBN 0 7099 3318 5 C o n t e n t s : l / I n t r o d u c t i o n 2/The personal passive 3/Impersonal passives 4/The p e r i p h r a s t i c passive 5/The r e f l e x i v e passive 6 / E x c e p t i o n s to the passive 7/The p r a g m a t i c s of the passive 8 / S u m m a r y . This study sets out to e x e m p l i f y the range of s t r u c t u r e s which have been c a l l e d passive and the problems which these s t r u c t u r e s pose for a unified definition of the passive. The p r esen t analysis leads to the conclusion that t h e r e is not even one single p r o p e r t y which all the various c o n s t r u c t i o n s r e f e r r e d to in the l i t e r a t u r e as passive have in c o m m o n .

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4

DESCRIPTIVE LINGUISTICS

4.2

GRAMMARS

Murray t~,. EMENEAU Toda G r a m m a r and T e x t s (Memoirs Series; 155) The A m e r i c a n A n t h r o p o lo g i c a l Society, Philadelphia, 1984 xiii + 426pp. US$ 35.00 ISBN 0 87168 155 8 Contents: P A R T / G r a m m a r l/Phonolog~ 2/Syntax 3/Nouns 4/Pronouns 5 / N u m e r a l s 6 / A d j e c t i v e s 7/Verbs 8 / A d v e r b s 9 / P a r t i c l e s 10/Expressives (onomatopoetics) l l / I n t e r j e c t i o n s 12/The d i al ect of the T~-~wfi4i moiety PART I1/ T e x t s with T r a n s l a t i o n and C o m m e n t a r y . Michael F O R T E S C L E West Greenlandic (Croom Helm D e s c r i p t i v e Grammars) Croom ttelm, London, 1984 xvi + 381pp. £ 30.00 ISBN 0 7099 1069 X Contents: l / S y n t a x 2/Morphology 3/Phonology 3/ldeophones and interj e c t i o n s 5/Lexicon. West G r e e n l a n d i c is the m e m b e r of the Eskimo language group with the largest number of speakers (some 41,000) and the longest t r ad i t i o n of w r i t t e n t e x t s and basic linguistic descriptions. It is typologically' e x t r e m e in that it employs over 400 p r o d u c t i v e d e r i v a t i o n a l a f f i x e s in r e c u r s i v e l y building up c o m p l e x verbal and nominal forms, as well as embodying a rich inflectional system. Jfinos PUSZTAY Die P u r - M u n d a r t des Waldjurakischen: G r a m m a t i k a l i s c h e r Abriss aufgrund der M a t e r i a l i e n yon T.V. Lehtisalo (Studia U r a l o - A l t a i c a ; 23) A t t i l a J 6 z s e f University, Szeged (Hungary'), 1984 D i s t r i b u t e d by John Benjamins, A m s t e r d a m 161pp. Ft 150,00 ISSN 0133 4239 Contents: Einleitung I / P h o n e t i s c h e und morphonologische B e o b a c h t ungen 2/Morphologie (Nomen -- Verb -- Pronomina -- A d v e r b i e n -Postpositionen Inter]ektionen - Bildungssuffixe) 3 / B e m e r k u n g e n zur Syntax 4/Anhang. J o r g e A. S U A R E Z La lengua tlapaneea de Malinaltepec Universidad Nacional A u t 6 n o m a de MOxico, Mexico, 1983 xxiii + 641pp. ISBN 968 58 0507 5 Contents: l/La lengua t l a p a n e c a 2 / F o n o l o g i a 3 / C a t e g o r i a s g r a m a t i c a l e s 4 / M o r f o l o g / a 5/Sintaxis 6 / M u e s t r a de t e x t o 7/Vocabulario t l a p a n e c o espanol 8 / V o c a b u l a r i o espanol - tlapaneco.

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Antonio TOVAR R e l a t o s y dialogos de los M a t a c o s (Chaco A r g e n t i n o occidental): Seguidos de una gramf~tica de su lengua ( R e s c a t e de las c u l t u r a s aborigenes de A m e r i c a ; 1) Ediciones c u l t u r a hispaniea, Madrid, 1981 256pp. ISBN 84 7232 282 3 Contents: l / l n t r o d u c c i 6 n 2 / T e x t o s 3 / G r a m ~ t i c a del m a t a c o (l"onFtica Morfologia -- Sintaxis) 4/Vocabulario.

4.3

DICTIONARIES

E. Richard ANDERSON / Hilario C o n c e p c i 6 n ROQUE Diccionario C u i c a t e c o (Vocabularios .v Diccionarios lndigenas; 26) l n s t i t u t o Ling{~istico de Verano, Mexico, 1983 xviii + 802pp. ISBN 968 31 0132 1 Contents: PART 1/ D i c c i o n a r i o e s p a f i o l - c u i c a t e c o PART 11/ D i c c i o n a r i o cuicateco-espafiol. Neil NELLIS / Jane GOODNER DE NELLIS Diccionario Zapoteca de Juarez (Vocabularios y D i c c i o n a r i o s lndigenas; 27) l n s t i t u t o Ling[~stico de Verano, Mexico, 1983 xxiv + 484pp. ISBN 968 31 0171 2 Contents: PART I/ D i c c i o n a r i o z a p o t e c a - e s p a ~ o l PART 11/ D i c e i o n a r i o e s p a f i o l - z a p o t e c a PART 111/ G r a m ~ t i c a z a p o t e c a . J es s e O. SAWYER / A l i c e SCttL1CHTER Yuki Vocabulary (University of C a l i f o r n i a Publications in Linguistics; 101) U n i v e r s i t y of C a l i f o r n i a Press, B e r k e l e y / L o n d o n , 1984 vi + 314pp. US$ 19.50 ISBN 0 520 09653 3 Contents: l / I n t r o d u c t i o n 2 / G r a m m a t i c a l sketch 3/English-Yuki vocabulary 4/Yuki-English.

4.4

CASE STUDIES

Eser Emine ERGUVANLI The F u n c t i o n of Word O r d e r in Turkish Grammar (University of C a l i f o r n i a Publications in Linguistics; 106) U n i v e r s i t y of C a l i f o r n i a Press, B e r k e l e y / L o n d o n , 1984 xii + 179pp. US$ 15.00 ISBN 0 520 09955 9 Contents: Introduction l / V a r i a t i o n in the position of NPs in simplex sentences 2/Post-predicate elements 3/Word order in e m b e d d e d sentences 4 / I n t e r a c t i o n of stress and word order 5 / A d v er b s and word order 6/Concluding remarks.

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T h i s m o n o g r a p h i n v e s t i g a t e s t h e f u n c t i o n of word o r d e r a n d t h e v a r i a t i o n in t h e o r d e r i n g of c o n s t i t u e n t s in T u r k i s h , a l a n g u a g e o f t e n c i t e d as h a v i n g a rigid SOV o r d e r . Sentences with word orders that d i f f e r f r o m t h e v e r b - f i n a l p a t t e r n a r e s u b j e c t to c e r t a i n r e s t r i c t i o n s and occur under particular discourse conditions. T h e r e s t r i c t i o n s obs e r v e d c e n t e r on t h r e e s y n t a c t i c p o s i t i o n s : S - i n i t i a l , i m m e d i a t e l y p r e verbal, and post-predicate. With each syntactic position a pragmatic f u n c t i o n was f o u n d to be a s s o c i a t e d : t h e S - i n i t i a l p o s i t i o n is i d e n t i f i e d as m a r k i n g t h e t o p i c ; t h e i m m e d i a t e l y p r e v e r b a l p o s i t i o n m a r k s t h e focus; a n d t h e p o s t - p r e d i c a t e p o s i t i o n , t h e b a c k g r o u n d e d i n f o r m a t i o n . Lars FANT E s t r u c t u r a i n f o r m a t i v a e n espafiol: E s t u d i o s i n t f i c t i c o y e n t o n a t i v o ( A c t a U n i v e r s i t a t i s U p s a l i e n s i s : S t u d i a R o m a n i c a U p s a l i e n s i a ; 34) A l m q v i s t & Wiksell, S t o c k h o l m , 1094 224pp. SKr 130,00 I'3BN 91 954 1516 4 C o n t e n t s : l / l n t r o d u c c i 6 n 2 / R e c u r s o s p r o s 6 d i c o s y o r d e n de los e l e m e n tos sintficticos a / E l p a t r 6 n p r o s 6 d i c o de la d e c l a r a t i v a espa~iola 4/ D i m e n s i o n e s de la e s t r u c t u r a i n f o r m a t i v a 5/Los elementos oracionales 6 / E s t r a t e g i a s de la e s t r u c t u r a i n f o r m a t i v a 7/El c a s o de la d o b l e a n t e p o s i c i 6 n 8 / D o s s t u d i o s p i l o t o s s o b r e el c o n t r a s t e 9 / S u m m a r y in Englisb+ T h e c o n c e r n of t h i s m o n o g r a p h is to p r o v i d e a d e s c r i p t i o n of synt a c t i c a n d i n t o n a t i o n a l p h e n o m e n a r e l a t e d to i n f o r m a t i o n s t r u c t u r e in S p a n i s h , as well as to s y s t e m a t i z e a n u m b e r of p a r a m e t e r s c o n s i d e r e d r e l e v a n t in t h i s r e s p e c t . It t a k e s i n f o r m a t i o n s t r u c t u r e to b e t h e " s e m a n t i c s of d i s c o u r s e " . Erik FUDGE English Word Stress A l l e n & U n w i n , L o n d o n , 1984 xiii + 240pp. £ 1 5 . 0 0 / U S $ 22.95 ISBN 0 04 4 1 8 0 0 4 7 {cloth) £ 7 . 5 0 / U S $ 11.95 ISBN 0 04 4 1 8 0 0 5 5 ( p a p e r ) Contents: l/Introduction 2/Preliminaries a / S t r e s s in s i m p l e r o o t s 4/ Suffixes and stress 5 / S t r e s s in c o m p o u n d s 6/Prefixes and stress 7/ Vowel quality changes. T h i s t r e a t i s e a i m s to b r i d g e t h e g a p b e t w e e n , on t h e o n e h a n d , those treatments of E n g l i s h s t r e s s w h i c h c o n s i s t of l i t t l e m o r e t h a n a long list of w o r d s w i t h an i n d i c a t i o n of t h e s t r e s s - p a t t e r n of e a c h , and, on t h e o t h e r h a n d , t h o s e t h a t d e m a n d f a m i l i a r i t y w i t h a s o p h i s ticated theoretical a p p a r a t u s a n d in w h i c h t h e t h e o r e t i c a l aspects a s s u m e p r i m a r y i m p o r t a n c e . It is a i m e d p r i m a r i l y a t h e l p i n g t e a c h e r s of E n g l i s h as a f o r e i g n or s e c o n d l a n g u a g e to u n d e r s t a n d t h e b a s i c p a t t e r n of E n g l i s h w o r d - s t r e s s a n d to c o m m u n i c a t e t h i s u n d e r s t a n d i n g to their students. S u f f i c i e n t l y m o t i v a t e d s t u d e n t s s h o u l d b e a b l e to t e a c h t h e m s e l v e s f r o m t h e book, u s i n g t h e e x e r c i s e s p r o v i d e d . Beat GLAUSER A P h o n o l o g y o f P r e s e n t - d a y S p e e c h in G r a s s i n g t o n (The C o o p e r M o n o g r a p h s ; a2) F r a n c k e V e r l a g , B e r n , 1984 310pp. Swffr 5 8 , 0 0 / D M 6 8 , 0 0 ISBN 3 7720 1585 9

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C o n t en t s : Introductory r e m a r k s l / P h o n e t i c s 2/The sound system 3/ Variation on the level of the lexieal set 4/Internal relations b e t w e e n the Grassington sounds 5/Conclusion. The original plan behind this study was to i n v e s t i g a t e the d i al ect of a c o m m u n i t y that is s i t u a t e d b e t w e e n two w e l l - e s t a b l i s h e d d i a l e c t areas: N o r t h e r n English and North Midland. Fieldwork in this border a r e a in North Yorkshire, however, showed that the d i ch o t o m y b e t w e e n these two d i a l e c t s is only a c o m p a r a t i v e l y minor one within the much more prominent d i c h o t o m y of some sort of Modified Standard {the prestige form) as against a more local s p e e c h - f o r m . The book t a c k l e s this s i t u at i o n by describing the phonological c o m p e t e n c e of those speakers that are considered ' b r o a d e s t ' and 'm o st localised' by the inhabitants of the c o m m u n i t y t h e m s e l v e s . Igor MELICUK et al. D i c t i o n n a i r e e x p l i c a t i f e t c o m b i n a t o i r e du francais c o n t e m p o r a i n ( R e c h e r e h e s lexico-sOmantiques; 1) Les Presses de l ' U n i v e r s i t ~ de MontrOal, Montreal, 1984 xvi + 172pp. $ 38.00 ISBN 2 7606 9659 7 C o n t en t s : PART l/ A s p e c t s th~oriques l / U n nouveau type de dictionnaire 2 / P r e s e n t a t i o n d'un a r t i c l e de d i c t i o n n a i r e (lex~me) et d'un s u p e r a r t i c l e (vocable) 3 / C o n n o t a t i o n en s e m a n t i q u e et l e x i c o g r a p h i e P A R T I1/ D i c t i o n n a i r e e x p l i c a t i f e t c o m b i n a t o i r e du francais c o n t e m porain. 50 vocables. E l i z a b e t h MILLS Senoufo Phonology: Discourse to Syllable (A Prosodic Approach) (SIL P u b l i c a t i o n s in Linguistics; 72) S u m m e r I n s t i t u t e of Linguistics, Dallas / U n i v e r s i t y of Texas at Arlington, 1984 xxvii + 217pp. ISBN 0 88312 102 6 C o n t en t s : PART I/ The higher L e v e l s l / T h e discourse 2/The paragraph 3/The s e n t e n c e 4/The phonological group P A R T If/ The Lower L e v e l s 5 / P h o n e m e s and prosodies 6/The syllable P A R T IIl/ The Word ? / D e f i n i t i o n s and o v e r v i e w 8/The basic word 9/The c o m p l e x word. Underlying this work is the hypothesis that any linguistic u t t e r ance, of w h a t e v e r size, inctudes as one of its essen t i al c o m p o n e n t s a c o h e r e n t and h i e r a r c h i c a l l y o r g a n i z e d phonological s t r u c t u r e . This study of Senoufo, a language spoken by more than a million people in parts of Ivory Coast, Mall and Upper Volta, applies the c o n c e p t of phonological h i e r a r c h y to the full range of r e l e v a n t units of the language, from syllables to paragraphs and to full discourse. A l b e r t RIJ KSBARON The Syntax and S e m a n t i c s of the Verb in Cl assi cal Greek: An Introduction Gieben, A m s t e r d a m , 1984 xii + 176pp. Dfl 40,00 ISBN 90 70265 35 4 Contents: l / I n t r o d u c t i o n to the moods and tenses 2/The main uses of the single moods and tenses in independent s e n t e n c e s 3/The use

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of m o o d s a n d t e n s e s in d e p e n d e n t c l a u s e s 4/Non-finite verb forms: infinitive and participle 5/Voice: a c t i v e , m i d d l e , p a s s i v e . T h i s book a i m s to g i v e a c o n c i s e but c o m p r e h e n s i v e and l i n g u i s t i c a l l y u p - t o - d a t e i n t r o d u c t i o n to t h e s y n t a x a n d s e m a n t i c s of t h e v e r b in f i f t h - a n d f o u r t h - c e n t u r y A n c i e n t G r e e k . It is w r i t t e n w i t h i n t h e f r a m e w o r k of D i k ' s F u n c t i o n a l G r a m m a r . Piotr RUSZKIEWICZ

A s p e c t s of R e f l e x i v i z a t i o n in English (Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Slktskiego w Katowi(:ach; 637) Uniwersytet Sh~ski, Katowice (Poland), 1984 133pp. zl 107 ISBN 83 00 00806 3 Contents: 1/Introduction 2/On the domain of reflexivization: searching for a model of description 3/Reflexives and picture NPs 4/Reflexives and VP anaphora 5/Some residual problems 6/Conclusions. The problems of English r e f l e x i v i z a t i o n are considered in this b()(~k within the context of a comparison of Transformational and Montague Grammar. Fritz SERZISKO

Der Ausdruck der P o s s e s s i v i t a t im Somali ( C o n t i n u u m - S c h r i f t e n r e i h e zu l . i n g u i s t i k ; 1) G u n t e r N a r r , T ~ b i n g e n , 1984 ix + 214pp. DM 48,00 ISBN 3 8 7 8 0 8 331 9 Contents: l/Einleitung 2/Somali 3/Verfahren Possessivit'~{t 4 / D i e D i m e n s i o n P o s s e s s i v i t i [ t .

zum

Ausdruck

der

Gillian L. STORY Babine and Carrier Phonology: A tlistoricall~ Oriented Stud} (SIL P u b l i c a t i o n s in L i n g u i s t i c s ; 70) S u m m e r I n s t i t u t e of L i n g u i s t i c s , D a l l a s / U n i v e r s i t } of T e x a s at A r l i n g t o n , 1984 x + l l0pp. ISBN 0 88312 094 1 Contents: l/Introduction 2/Central Carrier phonology 3 / B a b i n e pho nology 4/Babine vowel shift S / R e f l e x e s of r e d u c e d w>wels in B a b i n e Carrier 6/Zeros 7/P, a b i n e s t e m s y l l a b l e t y p e s . Carrier and Babine are Athapashan l a n g u a g e s s p o k e n in c e n t r a l B r i t i s h C o l u m b i a . A n e s s e n t i a l d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n B a b i n e (also k n o w n as N o r t h e r n C a r r i e r ) a n d C a r r i e r is t h e B a b i n e v o w e l s h i f t , xvhi(:h is c o n d i t i o n e d by a f o r t i s - l e n i s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n of s y l l a b l e i n i t i a l s . Beatrice

WARREN

Classifying a d j e c t i v e s ( G o t h e n b u r g S t u d i e s in E n g l i s h ; 56) A c t a U n i v e r s i t a t i s G o t h o b u r g e n s i s , G ~ i t e b o r g (Sweden), 1984 318pp. S w K r 120 ISBN 91 7346 133 4 Contents: l/Theoretical background 2 / M e t h o d of r e s e a r c h 3 / M o d e ()f analysis 4/Nominalization 5/Semantic shifts 6 / D e i c t i e , p a r t i t i w " and comparative adjectives 7/Results 8/Outline of a theory concerning adjectives 9 / O u t l i n e of a t h e o r y c o n c e r n i n g c h o i c e a n d f u n c t i o n s of

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a d j e c t i v a l suffixes 10/The suffixes -al, -an, -ar, -en, -ern, -ic, -ly l l / C o m p o s i t i o n - Cr{}ss-ciassification - E f f e c t s 12/Possessi{)n 13/Position 14/Causation, purpose and r e s e m b l a n c e 15/Adverbial a d j e c t i v e s 16/Residuals 17/Summing up. This book r e p o r ts on an a t t e m p t at a s e m a n t i c c l a s s i f i c a t i o n of a d j e c t i v e s in authentic: c o n t e x t s , with special emphasis {}n a d j e c t i v e s with classifying functions. Barbara WEHR Diskurs-Strategien im R o m a n i s c h e n (R o m an i ca Monacensia; 22) Gunter Narr, T{~bingen, 1984 ix + 216pp. DM 56,00 1SBN 3 87808 452 8 Contents: T h e o r e t i s c h e Grundlagen zu Tell h D i s k u r s k a t e g o r i e n PART 1/ Topik im Diskurs l/Topik-lntroduktion 2/Topik neu + C o m m e n t : n e u t r a l e Beschreibung P A R T 11/ V o r d e r g r u n d s - S t r a t e g i e n 3 / K e n n z e i c h hung am Verb: historisehes Pr'~isens 4 / V e r z o g e r u n g der w e s e n t l i c h e n I n f o r m a t i o n 5/Verkehrung von NS und HS: cure inversum. This study deals with various s t r a t e g i e s that language users can employ in order to f a c i l i t a t e i d e n t i f i c a t i o n of w h a t ' s being talked about: new topics are coded d i f f e r e n t l y from old ones, for e x a m p l e , and more prevailing topics d i f f e r e n t l y from those whose r e l e v a n c e does not e x t e n d outside the confines of a single s e n t e n c e . R a m a w a t e r YADAV Maithili Phonetics and Phonology Selden & Samm, Mainz, 1984 vi + 130pp. DM 28,00/US$ 10.00 ISBN 3 923561 10 5 Contents: 1/Introduction 2 / S e g m e n t a l phonology 3 / F i b e r o p t i c study of voicing and aspiration 4 / A c o u s t i c analysis of oral and nasalized vowels. The e x p e r i m e n t a l m e th o d s used in this phonetic study of Maithili (an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Nepal and India) are mainly acoustic and f i b e r o p t i c in nature.

5

5.1

APPLIED LINGUISTICS

GENERAL -

INTRODUCTORY

J e n n i f e r DRASKAU / J~rgen HOEDT (eds) The World of LSP 11 LSP C e n t r e , C o p e n h a g e n School of Economics, Copenhagen, 1984 vii + 288pp. DKr 198,00/US$ 22.00 ISBN 87 17 03432 9 This volume is a revised and updated version of a data r e g i s t e r published originally in 1981, presenting a c o m p r e h e n s i v e o v e r v i e w of LSP pedagogic and r e s e a r c h a c t i v i t i e s world-wide.

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Michael P. JORDAN R h e t o r i c of Everyday English Texts Allen & Unwin, London, 1984 xiv + 160pp. ISBN 0 04 420047 1 (cloth) / 0 0,1 420048 X (paper) Contents: l/Introduction 2/Short texts as s u m m a r i e s 3/The basic: m e t a s t r u c t u r e of i n f o r m a t i o n 4/Incomplete, suminary and condensed s t r u c t u r e s 5/The signalling of problems and i m p r o v e m e n t 4 / R e c o g n i z ing different problems in texts 7 / E v a l u a t i o n principles 8 / E v a l u a t i n g old and new solutions 9 / C o m p a r a t i v e e v a l u a t i o n and test procedures. This t e a c h - y o u r s e l f book is m e a n t for the non-specialist reader who wishes to u n d e r s t a n d and apply basic text rhetoric without stud~ing text linguistics, Charlene RIVtZRA (ed.) C o m m u n i c a t i v e C o m p e t e n c e Approaches to Language P r o f i c i e n c y Assessment: Research and Applications (Multilingual Matters; 9) Multilingual MatLers Ltd, Clevedon, 1984 xxi + 150pp. £ 18.90/US$ 34.00 1SBN 0 905028 21 X (cloth) £ 7.60/US$ 13.50 1SBN 0 905028 22 8 (paper) Contents: PART I/ Approaches to C o m m u n i c a t i v e C o m p e t e n c e l/An overview of c o m m u n i c a t i v e c o m p e t e n c e (Cynthia Wallat) 2/Some c o m m e n t s on the terminology of language testing (Lyle Bachman & Adrian Palmer) 3/Some implications of c o m m u n i c a t i v e c o m p e t e n c e research for i n t e g r a t i v e proficiency testing (Richard Duran) PART II/ Applications 4/Linguistic i n t e r d e p e n d e n c e among Japanese and V i e t n a m e s e i m m i g r a n t s t u d e n t s (Jim C u m m i n s et al.) 5/Pupil c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s and p e r f o r m a n c e on linguistic and c o m m u n i c a t i v e language measures (Arnulfo Ramlrez) 6/A c o m m u n i c a t i v e approach to language proficiency assessment in a minority s e t t i n g (Michael Canale) 7/The suitability of immersion education for children with special needs (Margaret Bruck) 8/Conclusion: psycholinguistic aspects (Fred Genesee). The focus in this volume is on those theoretical, psychometric and p r a c t i c a l issues which pose a challenge to the m e a s u r e m e n t of language proficiency. K a t h e r i n a PERERA C h i l d r e n ' s Writing and Reading: Analysing Classroom Language (The Language Library) Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1984 xiii + 354pp. £ 25.00 ISBN 0 631 13653 3 (cloth) £ 8.95 ISBN 0 631 13654 1 (paper) Contents: l / I n t r o d u c t i o n 9/A descriptive framework for g r a m m a t i c a l analysis 3/The acquisition of g r a m m a r 4/Some d i f f e r e n c e s b e t w e e n speech and writing 5 / C h i l d r e n ' s writing 6/Understanding written language. This study aims to provide teachers (and anyone else concerned with language teaching) with a framework for e v a l u a t i n g their pupils' linguistic d e v e l o p m e n t and for c o n t r i b u t i n g to it appropriately. It focusses in detail on the g r a m m a t i c a l s t r u c t u r e s of c h i l d r e n ' s own writing, and on the m a t e r i a l w r i t t e n for them in books, workcards

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and e x a m i n a t i o n questions. It has c h a p t e r s on the g r a m m a t i c a l d e v e l o p m e n t s that take place in children b e t w e e n the age of e i g h t e e n months and the early teens, and on s p e c i f i c d i f f e r e n c e s b e t w e e n spoken and w r i t t e n language.

5.3

SECOND I.ANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACIIING

The¢~ VAN ELS / Thee BONGAERTS et al. Applied Linguistics and the Learning and T e a c h i n g of F o r e i g n Languages Edward Arnold, London, 1984 x + 386pp. ISBN 0 7173 6422 0 C o n t en t s : PART 1/ The Field of Study: A Fi r st O u t l i n e l / I n t r o d u c t i o n 2/Applied linguistics PART 11/ Learning Second and F o r ei g n Languages 3 / L a n g u a g e behaviour and language learning 4/Second language learning (1): c o n t r a s t i v e analysis and error analysis 5/Second language learning (2): p e r f o r m a n c e analysis and discourse analysis 6/Learner characteristics PART 11I/ T e a c h i n g F o r e i g n Languages 7/The rele v a n c e of source disciplines 8/Historical development 9/Needs, e d u c a t i o n a l policy, aims and o b j e c t i v e s 10/Selection of course content l l / G r a d a t i o n of course c o n t e n t 1 2 / D i d act i c p r o c e d u r e s 13/Media 14/Textbook s e l e c t i o n 15/Language testing. This handbook aims to provide p r o s p e c t i v e t e a c h e r s of foreign languages as well as r e s e a r c h e r s in this a r e a with essen t i al t h e o r e t i c a l background information. The present volume, t r a n s l a t e d from the Dutch by I~.R. van Oirsouw, is a revised and updated version of a book that was first published in 1977. Jim CUMMINS Bilingualism Pedagogy (Multilingual Multilingual xi + 288pp.

and Special Education: Issues in A s s e s s m e n t and

M a t t e r s ; 6) M a t t e r s Ltd, Clevedon, 1984 £ 18.00 1SBN 0 905028 14 7 (cloth) £ 7.20 ISBN 0 905028 13 9 (paper) C o n t en t s : l/Introduction 2 / R e f e r r a l and a s s e s s m e n t of m i n o r i t y students: an e m p i r i c a l study 3/The origins of bias in IQ t est s 4/The c o n s t r u c t of ' le a r n in g disability' 5 / U n d e r a c h i e v e m e n t among minority children 6 / L a n g u a g e p r o f i c i e n c y , bilingualism and a c a d e m i c a c h i e v e ment 7/Learning d i f f i c u l t i e s in ' i m m e r s i o n ' p r o g r a m m e s 8 / A s s e s s m e n t of bilingual e x c e p t i o n a l students 9 / P e d a g o g i c a l assumptions underlying special e d u c a t i o n 10/From r e s e a r c h and theory to policy and p r a c t i c e . This book has a p r a c t i c a l focus in that it e x a m i n e s the e f f e c t i v e ness of a l t e r n a t i v e s to t r a d i t i o n a l assessment and pedagogical pract i ces for bilingual children. A c e n t r a l t h e m e of the book, however, is that progress can be made in improving p r a c t i c e only by means of a thorough r e - e x a m i n a t i o n of the assumptions underlying the e n t i r e special e d u c a t i o n e n t e r p r i s e , and p a r t i c u l a r l y the d i a g n o s t i c - p r e s c r i p tive m ed i cal model that d o m i n a t e s much c u r r e n t p r a c t i c e . Concrete

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suggestions are offered both for changing the structure of special education services for bilingual (and monolingual) students and for instituting more appropriate assessment and pedagogical practices. Francois GROS.JEAN L i f e with Two Languages: An Introduction to Bilingualism Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA, 1982 ix + 370pp. US$ 8.45 ISBN 0 674 53091 8 Contents: l/Bilingualism in the world 2/Bilingualism in the United States 3/Bilingualism in societ~ 4/The bilingual child 5/The bilingual person 6/Bilingual speech and language. One aim of this book is to present a general and comprehensive introduction to bilingualism. Another is to try and separate fact from fiction about bilinguals and bilingualism. A third is to allow bilinguals to speak for themselves about their bilingualism. Throughout the book the emphasis is on the natural acquisition and use of two or more languages. Wolfgang KLEIN Zweitspracherwerb: Eine Einf[ihrung (Athen'aum TaschenbLicher Linguistik; 2171) Athenaum Verlag, Konigstein, 1984 206pp. DM 19,80 ISBN 3 7610 2171 2 Contents: PART 1/ Der Prozess des Spracherwerbs I/Einige Vormen des Spracherwerbs, einige elementare Tatsachen, einige wichtige F'ragen, einige bekannte Theorien 2/Sechs Grundgrossen des SprachErwerbs 3/Eingriffsmoglichkeiten PART 1I/ Von der Eingabe zu den Lernervarietaten 4/Vier Aufgaben fur den Lerner 5/Das AnalyseProblem 6/Das S y n t h e s e p r o b l e m 7/Das E i n b e t t u n g s p r o b l e m 8/Das Vergleichsproblem. A co n ci se linguistic introduction to r e s e a r c h on second language learning which also takes psycholinguistic research on the subject into account. Tove SKUTNABB-KANGAS Bilingualism or Not: The Education of Minorities -translated from the Swedish by Lars Malmberg and David CraneMultilingual Matters; 7) Multilingual Matters Ltd, Clevedon, 1984 x v i i i + 378pp. £ 22.80 1St3N 0 905928 18 X (cloth) £ 8.90 ISBN 0 905928 17 1 (paper) Contents: Introduction to the English edition l/Something about language 2/What is a mother tongue? 3/Two *languages' 4/What is bilingualism? 5 / D i f f e r e n t aspects of bilingualism dichotomies 6/ Planning the education of prospective bi]inguals 7 / l l o w can a child become bilingual with the help of school and family? 8/tlow is bilingualism measured? 9/Bilingualism, cognitive development and school achievement 10/Double semilingualism - does it exist? l l/The function of immigration - a comparison between different countries 12/ Violence and minority education.

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This stud}' develops its subject m a t t e r in parallel fashion along three different lines: from individual experience to more societall>, o r i e n t e d phenomena; from general instances to specific examples; and from description and s y s t e m a t i z a t i o n to u n d e r s t a n d i n g and explanation. Norman SUSSKIND The French Correction: G r a m m a t i c a l Problems for Review and Reference Yale University Press, New }4aven/London, 1984 viii + 103pp. US$ 22.50 ISBN 0 300 03157 2 (cloth) US$ 8.45 ISBN 0 300 03158 0 (paper)

6

6.1

PSYCHOLINGUISTICS

GENERAL

INTRODUCTORY

Charles BOUTON

La neurolinguistique (Que sais-je?; 2153) Presses U n i v e r s i t a i r e s de France, Paris, 1984 128pp. ISBN 2 13 038333 5 Contents: PART l/ Le c a p i t a l du pass6 1/Emergence et dgeloppement des concepts de base 2/La parole perturb(~e 3/De Broca g Penfield et Luria PART II/ La neurolinguistique 4/Naissance d'une r6flexion neurolinguistique 5~De la clinique '~ la th6orie; e l e m e n t s d'une problOmatique de la d~marche neurolinguistique 6/Les thfimes majeurs de la r6flexion neurolinguistique a c t u e l l e PART 111/ M a i n t e n a n t la neurolinguistique appliqu6e 7 / L ' e n f a n t au langage perturb6 8/La c o m m u n i c a t i o n perturb~e chez l ' a d u l t e 9/Le sujet bilingue. A short i n t r o d u c t i o n to the history of neurolinguisties, the present s t a t e of the art, and c u r r e n t applications.

6.2

LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

Suzanne ROMAINE The language of Children and Adolescents: The Acquisition of Communicative Competence (Language in Society; 7) Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1984 xiii + 297pp. £ 22.00 ISBN 0 631 12927 8 (cloth) £ 8.50 ISBN 0 631 12928 6 (paper) C o n t e n t s : l / I n t r o d u c t i o n to the study of c h i l d r e n ' s acquisition of communicative competence 2/Methodology for studying the language of children 3/The d e v e l o p m e n t of s y n t a c t i c s t r u c t u r e 4/The acquisition

6.5

5PLLCti

AND

LAUGUAGL

L\llbur 1. G0lll.D / Vdn I,. L;\h\‘IIENCE Surgical Care of Voice Disorders (Disorder< of Ilurnan Conlrnunlc’atlon; 8) springer Verlsg, vvlrlen, 1984 x + I I6pp. OS 448/DM 64,OO/US% 21.50

P.XTl IOLOGY

ISBN

3 21 I 8 177

8

Lingua Survey of books

417

Contents: l/Introduction 2 / P a t i e n t examination: history, diagnosis, p a t i e n t records 3 / P a t i e n t e x a m i n a t i o n via the endolaryngeal approach: diagnosis and therapy' 4/Endoscopic surgery' 5/Phonosurgery: external laryngeal surgery not requiring entry into the w~cal t r a c t (Chapter c o n t r i b u t e d by Nobuhiko Isshiki) 6/External laryngeal surgery requiring e n t r y into the vocal t r a c t 7/Vocal t r a c t surgery for resonance change (excluding hypopharynx and l a r y n x ) 8 / C o n c l u s i o n s . This volume addresses itself to some of the vocal tract circumstances which require surgery as a primary choice for therapy. The authors emphasize, however, that for many of the more common vocal tract lesions, surgery.' r e p r e s e n t s a final court of appeal and thereby represents a failure in c o n v e n t i o n a l m a n a g e m e n t either by the patient or by one of the professionals involved.

7

7.1

SOCIOLINGUISTICS

GENERAL -

INTRODUCTORY

Werner ENNINGER / Lilith M. HAYNES (eds) Studies in Language Ecology (Zeitschrift f{~r Dialektologie und Linguistik: Beihefte; 45) S t e i n e r Verlag, Wiesbaden, 1984 viii + 246pp. DM 64,00 ISBN 3 515 04182 6 Contents: PART l/ Concepts, Postulates, Methods 1/The c o n c e p t u a l ization of the social s u b s t r a t u m of language ecology (Joachim Raith) 2/Language ecology revisited: from language ecology to sign ecology (Werner Enninger & K a r l - H e i n z Wandt) 3 / C h a t t e r i n g , n a t t e r i n g and blethering: informal interviews as speech events (Ronald K. Macaulay} PART II/ The Embedding of Verbal Signs in their Nonverbal C o n t e x t 4/Verbal and nonverbal student i n t e r a c t i o n in the college classroom as a function of group cohesion (Walburga yon Raffler-Engel) 5/The ecology of designatory markers (Leo Loveday) 6/The duck-rabbit phenomenon: notes on the disambiguation of ambiguous u t t e r a n c e s (Horst Arndt & Richard Janney) PART 11/ The Ecology of Language Variation "//Continuity and discontinuity in the d e v e l o p m e n t of pidgins and creoles (Peter M[.~hlhauser) 8/Louise B e n n e t t ' s dialect poetry: problems of v a r i a t i o n along a creole c o n t i n u u m in a literary text (J. D'Costa) 9/Middle Arabic: a variable, functional medium (Youssef Mahmoud) PART IV/ Language in Areal and I n s t i t u t i o n a l S e t t i n g s 1 0 / C o m m u n i c a t i o n in the Indian setting: an appraisal of sociolinguistic realities (Lachman Khubchandani) l 1/Ecological implications of language as seen in Old Belgium (Peter Hans Nelde) 12/Immigrant Polynesians in New Zealand (Robert B. Kaplan) 13/International treaties: ecological aspects of a t e c h n i c a l register (Gerard Gilbertson) PART

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V/ Language Ecology -- A R e v i v e d P a r a d i g m ? 14/Sociolinguistics and the d e s c r i p t i o n of language change and ecologN or: language s p l i t t i n g versus language c o n t a c t ( M a t t h i a s t t a r t i g ) . ] h e unif) ing t h e m e of the c o n t r i b u t i o n s to this v o l u m e is th(' insight that linguistic: studies can be expanded to include the r e l a t i o n ships o b t a i n i n g b e t w e e n languages and t h e i r users. Ralph FASOLD The Sociolinguistics of Society: Introduction t() Soci()linguistics, 1 (Language in Society; 5) Basil Blackwell, Oxford, !98.1 xiii + 335pp. £ 22.50 ISBN 0 531 13385 2 (cloth) £ 8.50 ISBN 0 531 13462 X (paper) C o n t en t s : 1/Societal multilingualisnl 2/Diglossia 3 / Q u a l i t a t i v e forlnuIas 4 / S t a t i s t i c s 5 / Q u a n t i t a t i v e analysis 6/I.anguage a t t i t u d e s 7/I.arlguag( ~ choice 8 / L a n g u a g e m a i n t e n a n c e and shift 9/Language planning and standardization 10/Language-planning cases l l / V e r n a c u l a r language education. This book is the first votunle of a pair of i n t r ( ) d u c t o r 3 tc'xtl)t)()ks in s o c i o l i n g u i s t i c s . The division into t\~() books r e f l e c t s the idea that t h e r e are t w o large subdivisions in the field: one t a k i n g s o c i e t y as the basic s t a r t i n g point an(] language as a social resource and problem; the o t h e r s t a r t i n g w i t h language and looking upon social forces as i n f l u e n c i n g language and as c o n t r i b u t i n g to an understanding of its nature. The present volume, then, focusses on the e f f e c t of language and d i a l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s on societies. B e a t r i z R. LAVANDKRA

Variaci6n y significado (Lingua, Ling[JTstica, Comnlunicaci6n) H a e h e t t e , Buenos Aires, 1984 267pp. 1 S B N 950 506 067 X C o n t en t s : Introdueci6n PART l/ El estudio de la v a r i a c i 6 n l/Anddines s e m ~ n t i c o de la v a r i a c i 6 n en t i e m p o s verbales: o r a c i o n e s c o n d i c i o n a l e s del espahol 2/Los l i m i t o s de la v a r i a b l e socioling[JTstica 3/El p r i n c i p l e de r e i n t e r p r e t a c i 6 n en la t e o H a de la variaci6n PART 1I/ Biling[Jismo 4~El cornponente variable en el use verbal biling{Je PART llI/ LingiJfst i c a del discurso 5/La forma que del espahol ~ son contribuci6n al m en s aj e 6/Tensi6n e n t r e Io impersonal y lo personal en la organi×aei6n del discurso 7/El c a m b i o de mode c o m e e s t r a t e g i a de diseurso P A R T IV/ Sociolingi~Istica r o m a n c e 8/La metodologTa socioling{i~stica en la linguistiea r o m a n c e . This study of v a r i a t i o n and meaning includes a tbirty~page biblio graphy of R o m a n c e s o c i o l i n g u i s t i c s .

English World-wide. A Journal of V a r i e t i e s of English John Benjamins, A m s t e r d a m 4/2 (1983) 202pp. ISSN 0172 8865

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7.3

419

LANGUAGES IN C O N T A C T

Loreto TODD Modern Englishes: Pidgins and Creoles (The Language Library) Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1984 xii + 286pp. £ 22°50 ISBN 0 631 13655 X (cloth) £ 8.50 ISBN 0 631 13656 8 (paper) Contents: l / I n t r o d u c t i o n 2 / E n g l i s h - r e l a t e d pidgins and c r e o l e s 3 / C a s e study l: C a m e r o o n Pidgin English 4 / C a s e study Ih Papua New Guinea Tok Pisin 5 / C r e o l e s and the classroom in Britain 6/Conclusions. This introduction to the study of English-based pidgins and c r e o l e s focusses in detail on two such languages from d i f f e r e n t parts of the world, C a m e r o o n Pidgin and Tok Pisin, describing the nature of each language and of the people who use it.

P. Sture UR E L A N D / lain CLARKSON (eds) Scandinavian Language Contacts Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1984 xii + 340pp. £ 30.00 ISBN 0 521 25685 2 Contents: l/Introduction (P. Sture Ureland & lain Clarkson)

PART I/

No r t h S can d i n a v i a 2/Russenorsk: a new look at the R u s s o - N o r w e g i a n pidgin in northern Norway (lngvild B r o t h & Ernst l--Igkon Jahr) PART II/ East S cand i n a v i a 3 / L a n g u a g e c o n t a c t s as r e f l e c t e d in the m i g r a t i o n of the Finns, the Saamis and the Vikings (Olavi Korhonen) 4/The Scandinavians in Russia: on the e x t r a - l i n g u i s t i c f a c t o r s in the language c o n t a c t b e t w e e n North G e r m a n i c and East Slavic peoples in the early middle ages (Annelies Lagreid) 5 / P a r a l l e l internal d e v e l o p m e n t or i n t e r f e r e n c e ? P o s t - p o s i t i v e a r t i c l e and possessive p e r f e c t in North G e r m a i c and N o r t h e r n Russian (Baldur Panzer) 6/The realm of the Rus': a c o n t r i b u t i o n to the problem of the rise of the East Slavic kingdom (Stefan Soderlind) P A R T Ill/ West Scan d i n av i a 7 / L a n g u a g e c o n t a c t in the F a r o e s (Bjc~rn Hagstrom) PART IV/ South Scandinavia 8 / S t a t i s t i c a l i n v e s t i g a t i o n s of language death in a North Frisian c o m munity (Niels-Erik Larsen) 9 / L a n g u a g e c o n t a c t in the G e r m a n - D a n i s h border region: the problems of i n t e r f e r e n c e (Bent S¢~ndergaard) P A R T V/ Pan Scandinavia lO/Freneh t r a n s f e r e n c e with nasal vowels in the g r a p h e m a t i c s and phonology of the G e r m a n i c languages (Horst [-l. Munke) PART V1/ Transatlantic Language C o n t a c t i l / T h e i n f l u en ce of A m e r i c a n English on A m e r i c a n Swedish: a case study on the nature of i n t e r f e r e n c e {P. Sture Ureland). The essays c o l l e c t e d in this volume have as their basic t e n e t that the es s en ce of e v e r y language is the way in which it varies in its d e v e l o p m e n t and social use and that this v a r i a t i o n is a result of a whole series of geographical, sociological and linguistic factors. Their c o m m o n aim is to provide an o v e r v i e w of Scandinavian language cont a c t s at both the synchronic and the diachronic level.

420

Lingua Survey of books

7.4

ETHNOLINGU1STICS

E l i s a b e t h TOOKER (ed.) Naming S y s t e m s The A m e r i c a n Ethnological S o c i e t y , Washington DC, 1984 vii + 107pp. US$ 12.00 ISBN 0 942976 02 9 Contents: 1/Name, person and ideology in C e n t r a l Brazil (David Maybury-Lewis) 2/Ilongot naming: the play of a s s o c i a t i o n s ( R e n a t o Rosaldo) 3/Kadayar, personal names and naming (Allen R. Maxwell) 4 / P r i n c i p l e s of naming in Mohawk (Marianne Mithun) 5/Regional names in Kalinga: c e r t a i n social dimensions of place names (Michiko Takaki) 6 / W e s t e r n A p a c h e p l a c e - n a m e h i e r a r c h i e s {Keith H. Basso) 7/The study of native North A m e r i c a n ethnonymy (Ives Goddard). This volume contains the 1980 P r o c e e d i n g s of the A m e r i c a n Ethnological S o c i e t y .

8

COMPARATIVE AND HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS

8.1

GENERAL - - I N T R O D U C T O R Y

Jean HAUDRY L'Indo-Europr~en (Que sais-je?; 1798) P r e s s e s U n i v e r s i t a i r e s de F r a n c e , Paris, 1979 127pp. ISBN 2 13 038370 X Contents: Introduction l/Phonologic 2/Morphologie 3/Composition 4 / S y n t a x e de la phrase simple 5 / S y n t a x e de la phrase c o m p l e x e 6/ Phras~ologie, po6tique, m6trique 7/Lexique. Journal of Asian and African Studies

Published by the I n s t i t u t e for the Study of Languages and C u l t u r e s of Asia and A f r i c a , Tokyo 26 {1983) 289pp. ISSN 0387 2807 8.2

CASE STUDIES

Paul Kent ANDERSEN Word O r d e r Typology and C o m p a r a t i v e Constructions (Current Issues in Linguistic Theory; 25) John Benjamins, A m s t e r d a m , 1983 xvii + 245pp. Dfl 73,00/US$ 29.00 ISBN 90 272 3517 1 Contents: I/Word o r d e r typology 2/A c r i t i c a l analysis of word o r d e r typology 3/Word o r d e r within c o m p a r a t i v e c o n s t r u c t i o n s 4/Word o r d e r

Lingua Survey o/ books

421

of the c o m p a r a t i v e c o n s t r u c t i o n in the Rigveda 5/Diachronic aspects of the word order within c o m p a r a t i v e c o n s t r u c t i o n s 6/Summary and conclusions. The author of this t r e a t i s e recognizes two d i f f e r e n t goals for the study of word order: the c l a s s i f i c a t i o n of languages, and the investigation and d e t e r m i n a t i o n of c e r t a i n typical m e c h a n i s m s of language. He approaches the subject from both angles. A1 fred BAMMESBERGER A Sketch of Diachronic English Morphology ( E i c h s t a t t e r M a t e r i a l i e n - Sprache und L i t e r a t u r ; 7) Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg, 1984 94pp. DM 19,80 ISBN 3 7917 0931 3 Contents: l / I n t r o d u c t i o n 2/The noun a/The adjective 4/The pronouns 5/The verb 6/For further study. This book aims to bridge the gap b e t w e e n books projecting the sounds and forms of English back to proto-languages (Germanic and Indo-European) and, on the other hand, c o m p a r a t i v e studies of these proto-languages, in which English typically plays a very minor role. V~t BUBENI'K The Phonological I n t e r p r e t a t i o n of A n c i e n t Greek: A P a n d i a l e e t a l Analysis University of Toronto Press, Toronto/London, 1984 xiv + 241pp. $ 4.5.00/£ 30.00 ISBN 0 8020 5476 5 Contents: l/Introduction 2/Vowels a/Consonants 4/The a c c e n t u a l system 5/Interplay b e t w e e n sound change and analogy. The aim of this book is a s y s t e m a t i c p r e s e n t a t i o n of the most likely historical processes that are responsible for the v a r i a t i o n found in successive stages of the d e v e l o p m e n t of the major dialectal groups of A n c i e n t Greek. It a t t e m p t s to explain such v a r i a t i o n in t e r m s both of the time dimension and of the space dimension. T. BURROW / Murray B. EMENEAU

A Dravidian Etymological Dictionary -second, revised and expanded e d i t i o n The Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1984 xli + 853pp. £ 40.00 ISBN 0 19 854326 8 The present edition of this e t y m o l o g i c a l dictionary i n c o r p o r a t e s various s u p p l e m e n t a r y publications that have appeared since its first edition (Oxford, 1961) as well as numerous e m e n d a t i o n s suggested by its users. Vicente GARC['A DE DIEGO E l e m e n t o s de gramfitica hist6rica gallega: F o n 6 t i c a - Morfologia - f a c s i m i l e reprint of a book published originally in 1909 {Burgos)(Anexos de Verba; 23) Universidade de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, 1984 xiv + 271pp. ISBN 84 7191 325 9 Contents: PART I/ Edici6n f a c s i m i l a r l / C a m b i o s fon6ticos espontgmeos 2 / C a m b i o s fon6ticos condicionales 3/Morfologia PART II/ lndice de voces gallegas.

422

Lingua Survey o/' books

Prater ttAJDI5 / Lf~szl0 HONTI (eds) Studien zur phonologischen Beschreibung uralischer Sprachen (Bibliotheca Uralica; 7) Akad0miai Kiad6, Budapest, 1984 331pp. US$ 27.00 1SBN 963 05 2997 l Contents: T h i r t y - o n e essays ( t w e n t y - t h r e e in G e r m a n and eight in English) p r e s e n t e d at the Second Phonological Symposium of Uralic Languages held at M~traf~_~red (ttungary) from 1 to 4 O c t o b e r 1979. .luha .IANFtUNEN / Anneli PEI~'.ANIITTY / Seppo SUHONEN (eds) Symposium Saecu',are S o c i e t a s Fenno-Ugricae (MOnloirs de In Soci0tc5 Einno-Ugrienne; 185) Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, ttelsinki, 1983 281pp. Fmk 150,- ISBN 9,51 9019 74 X Contents: S e v e n t e e n papers (six in German, five in English, t h r ee in tlungarian, two in Finnish and one in Russian) c o n t r i b u t e d to a symposium c e l e b r a t i n g the first c e n t e n n i a l of the Finno-Ugrian Society. T h e o d o r e M. L1GtlTNER Introduction to English Derivational Morphology ( Li n g v i s t i c a e l n v e s t i g a t i o n e s Supplementa; 6) John 13enjamins, A m s t e r d a m , 1983 xxxiv + 535pp. Dfl 150,00/US$ 60.00 ISBN 90 272 3116 8 Contents: l/Introduction 2/Prefixes 3/Ablaut in strong verbs 4/An English obstruent shift 5/An English vowel shift. A major goal of this book is to give an indication of the e x t e n t of d e r i v a t i o n a l morphology in English, i.e. of how much i m m a n e n t , internal s t r u c t u r e must be assumed even for a p p a r e n t l y simplex words like bow, rust, long, e t c . Its subgoal has been to m o t i v a t e the need for rules which r e f l e c t Indo-European ablaut, a G e r m a n i c obstruent shift and a Middle English vowel shift in the synchronic g r a m m a r of Modern English. D i e t e r ROSENTHAL Studien zu Syntax und Semantik des Verbs bleiben unter besonderer Berucksichtigung des niederdeutschen und niederlandischen ( G o t e b o r g e r G e r m a n i s t i s c h e Forschun.g.en; 27) A c t a U n i v e r s i t a t i s Gothoburgensis, Goteborg, 1984 165pp. SwKr 95,00 ISBN 91 7346 142 3 Contents: 1/Die Zeit ab 1500 bis zur G e g e n w a r t 2/Die Zeit vor 1500. The first half of this book is d e v o t ed to a synchronic d escr i p t i o n of the p r o p e r t i e s and function of the verb bleiben in Modern German. The second half aims to explain the origin of the v e r b ' s u n c e r t a i n s e m a n t i c s and ' A k t i o n a l i t ' a t ' by means of a diachronic investigation. Lene SCHOSLER La d~.clinaison b i c a s u e l l e de l'ancien francais: son r61e dans la s y n t ax e de la phrase, les causes de sa disparation (Etudes r o m a n e s de l ' U n i v e r s i t 6 d'Odense; 19) Odense U n i v e r s i t y Press, Odense, 1984 321pp. DKr 120,00 ISBN 87 7492 490 7 Contents: Introduction l / L a f o n c t i o n de la d(eclinaison bicasuelle

2/

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423

L'identification actantielle 3 / L ' i m p o r t a n c e relative de la d~clinaison bicasuelle 4/Le rapport e n t r e la d~clinaison bicasuelle et l'emploi des pronoms personnels et r e l a t i f s / i n t e r r o g a t i f s en fonction de prime actante 5/Le rapport e n t r e la d~clinaison bicasuelle et l'ordre des roots - I 6/Le rapport e n t r e la d6clinaison bicasuelle et l'ordre des roots - I1 7/Le sort de la d~clinaison bicasuelle: observations syntaxiques 8/La d6composition du syst~me bicasuel: apercu dialectal et diachronique 9/Analyse p a r a d i g m a t i q u e du syst~me bicasuel de l ' a n cien francais. Marie-Louise THOMSEN The S u m e r i a n Language: An Introduction to its History and Grammatical Structure (Mesopotamia: Copenhagen Studies in Assyriology; 10) Akademisk Forlag, Copenhagen, 1984 364pp. DKr 195,00 ISBN 87 500 2516 3 Contents: l/Introduction 2/Phonetics 3/The general s t r u c t u r e of Sumerian 4/The nominal chain S/The verb. The author does not intend to give a totally new and d i f f e r e n t r e p r e s e n t a t i o n of the S u m e r i a n language, but a c o h e r e n t and i n t e g r a t ive one that takes into c o n s i d e r a t i o n the most r e c e n t text editions and publications on g r a m m a t i c a l and lexical m a t t e r s .

9

HISTORY OF LINGUISTICS

Jan BAUDOUIN DE COURTENAY Ausgewahlte Werke in deutscher Sprache - s e l e c t e d and edited by Joachim MugdanWilhelm F'ink Verlag, Munchen, 1984 xxiv + 278pp. DM 38,00 ISBN 3 7705 2216 8 Contents: Vorwort: Jan Baudouin de C o u r t e n a y (Ewelin Ma~achowska) 1/Obersicht der slavischen Sprachenwelt (1884) 2/Vermenschlichung der Sprache (1893) 3/Versuch einer Theorie phonetischer A l t e r n a t i o n e n (1895) 4/Zur Frage [iber die "Weichheit" und "Harte" der Sprachlaute (1908) 5/Klassifikation der Sprachen (1929) 6/Einfluss der Sprache auf Weltanschauung und S t i m m u n g (1929) 7 / F a k u l t a t i v e Sprachlaute (1929). This volume presents facsimile reprints of G e r m a n - w r i t t e n papers by Baudouin, and a verbal p o r t r a i t of that famous Polish linguist by his daughter Ewelina Ma~achowska. Gisela BRUCHE-SCHULZ Russische Sprachwissenschaft: Wissenschaft im historisch-politischen Prozess des vorsowjetischen und sowjetischen Russland (Linguistische Arbeiten; 151) Niemeyer, Tubingen, 1984 vi +156pp. DM 54,00 ISBN 3 484 30151 1

424

Lingua Survey o["books

Contents: Einleitung l / D i e Soziologisierung des Sprachbegriffs 2/Das "Stalinsehe Ph:anomen" und die proletarische Wissenschaft 3/Die Erben der russischen Sprachwissenschaft des 19. Jahrhundert 4/Die Auflosung ontologischer Modelle. This study seeks to answer the question if and to what degree Russian linguistics in the Sovjet era can be regarded as a distinct form of science, both in the problems it addresses, its methodology, and in its social role and status. Michael A. COVING2ON S y n t a c t i c Theory in the High Middle Ages: Modistic Models of Sentence Structure (Cambridge Studies in Linguistics; 39) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1984 viii + 163pp. £ 25.00 ISBN 0 521 25679 8 Contents: 1/Introduction 2/Before the Modistae 3/Modistic g r a m m a r 4/Syntactic structure 5/Modistic t r e a t m e n t s of p a r t i c u l a r s y n t a c t i c problems 6/Subsequent developments. This monograph considers the origins and development of the theories of s e n t e n c e s t r u c t u r e formulated by the Modistae, a group of g r a m m a r i a n s and logicians who flourished in Paris b e t w e e n 1270 and 1310. The principal aim of the author is not to compare medieval and modern theories, or to provide a comprehensive historical study, but to offer a c r i t i c a l exegesis of these influential theories. Pierre SWIGGERS Les c o n c e p t i o n s linguistiques des eneyclop6distes: Etude sur la constitution d'une th6orie de la grammaire au Si~cle des Lumi~res (Sammlung Groos; 21) Groos, Heidelberg / Leuven University Press, Leuven, 1984 ii + 165pp. DM 28,00 ISBN 3 8?2?6 520 5 Contents: Introduction l / L a grammaire: d 6 f i n i t i o n et division 2/La th6orie du mot: etymologie et valeur 3/Le mat6riel des mots: phon6tique et prosodie 4/La syntaxe 5/Conclusion. Historiographia Linguistica. I n t e r n a t i o n a l Journal for the History of Linguistics John Benjamins, A m s t e r d a m 10/3 (1983) 203pp. ISSN 0302 5160

Lingua Survey o/books

425

INDEX OF ANNOTATED ITEMS Akmajian, Demers & Harnish/ Linguistics (3.1) Andersen/ Word Order Typology and C o m p a r a t i v e Constructions Anderson & Roque/ Diccionario c u i c a t e c o (4.3)

(8.2)

Bammesberger/ A Sketch of Diachronic English Morphology (8.2) Baudouin de C o u r t e n a y / Ausgewahlte Werke in deutscher Sprache Boas/ Formal versus Explanatory Generalizations in Generative Transformational G r a m m a r (3.2) Bosch/ A g r e e m e n t and Anaphora (6.4) B o u t o n / La neurolinguistique (6.1) Bruche-Schulz/ Russische Sprachwissenschaft (9) BubenTk/ The Phonological Interpretation of Ancient Greek (8.2) Burrow & Emeneau/ A Dravidian Etymological Dictionary (8.2) Chapman/ The T r e a t m e n t of Sounds in Language and Literature Covington/ S y n t a c t i c Theory in the High Middle Ages {9) Cummins/ Bilingualism and Special Education {5.3) Diller/ La pragmatique des questions et des r6ponses Draskau & H~edt/ The World of LSP II (5.1) D u c r o t / El decir y lo dicho (2.2}

(9)

(1.3)

(2.2)

van Els et al./ Applied Linguistics and the Learning and Teaching of Foreign Languages {5.3) Emeneau/ Toda G r a m m a r and Texts (4.2) Enninger & Haynes/ Studies in Language Ecology (7.1) Erguvanh/ The Function of Word Order in Turkish G r a m m a r {4.4} Fant/ Estructura informativa en espaffol (4.4) F a r m e r / Modularity in Syntax (3.2} Fasold/ The sociolinguistics of Society {7.1) Foley & Van Valin/ Functional Syntax and Universal G r a m m a r Fortescue/ West Greenlandic (4.2) Fudge/ English Word Stress (4.4) GarcIa de Diego/ Elementos de gramStica hist6rica gallega Gibbon & R i c h t e r / Intonation, A c c e n t and Rhythm (3.3) Glauser/ A Phonology of P r e s e n t - d a y Speech in Grassington Gould & Lawrence/ Surgical Care of Voice Disorders (6.5) Grosjean/ Life with Two Languages (5.3) Hajdfi & Honti/ Studien Sprachen (8.2) Haudry/ L'Indo-Europ~en tluddleston/ Introduction Hudson/ Word G r a m m a r }t{ibler/ U n d e r s t a t e m e n t s

(3.2)

(8.2) {4.4)

zur phonologischen Beschreibung uralischer (8.1) to the G r a m m a r of English (3.1) (3.2) and Hedges in English (2.2)

Itkonen/ Causality in Linguistic Theory

(3.2)

Janhunen et al./ Symposium Saeculare Societas Fenno-Ugricae Jordan/ R h e t o r i c of Everyday English Texts (5.1)

(8.2)

426

Lingua Surv<},of books

Klein/ Zweitspracherwerb

(5.3)

Lass/ Phonology (3.3) Lavandera/ Variaci6n y significado (7.1) Lightner/ Introduction to English Derivational Morphology

(8.2)

Maddieson/ P a t t e r n s of Sounds (3.3) Mel'~uk et a h / Dictionnaire explicatif et combinatoire du fran~:ais contemporain (4.4) Millikan/ Language, Thought, and Other Biological Categories (2.1) Mills/ Senoufo Phonology (4.4) Mugdan/ Jan Baudouin de Courtenay (1.2) Nellis & Goodner/ Diccionario z a p o t e c a de Juarez

(4.3)

P e r e r a / Children's Writing and Reading {5.2) P e r l m u t t e r & Rosen/ Studies in Relational G r a m m a r 2 P r u c h a / Pragmalinguistics (2.2) P u z t a y / Die Pur-Mundart des Waldjakurischen (4.2)

(3.2)

R a m a t / Linguistiea tipologia (3.1) Rijksbaron/ The Syntax and Semantics of the Verb in Classical Greek (4.4) Rivera/ C o m m u n i c a t i v e C o m p e t e n c e Approaches to Language Proficiency Assessment (5.1) Rollinger/ Probleme des (Text-)Verstehens (1.1) Romaine/ The Language of Children and Adolescents (6.2) Rosenthal/ Studien zu Syntax und Semantik des Verbs bleiben (8.2) Ruszkiewicz/ Aspects of Reflexivization in English (4.4) R u t h e r f o r d / Language Universals & Second Language Acquisition (3.1) Sawyer & Schlichter/ Yuki Vocabulary (4.3) Sch~sler/ La d6clinaison bicasuelle de l'ancien frangais (8.2) Serzisko/ Der Ausdruck tier Possessivit~t im Somali (4.4) Siewierska/ The Passive (3.5) Skutnabb-Kangas/ Bilingualism or Not (5.3) Story/ Babine and Carrier Phonology (4.4) S t r e e c k / Social Order in Child Communication (2.2} SuSrez/ La lengua tlapaneca de Malinaltepec (4.2) Swiggers/ Les conceptions linguistiques des encyclop6distes (9) Todd/ Modern Englishes (7.3) Thomsen/ The Sumerian Language (8.2) Tooker/ Naming Systems (7.4) Tovar/ Relatos y dialogas de los Matacos

(4.2)

Ureland & Clarkson/ Scandinavian Language C o n t a c t s

(7.3)

Wallace/ Communicating with Databases in Natural Language Warren/ Classifying Adjectives {4.4) Wehr/ Diskurs-Strategien im Romanischen (4.4) Yadav/ Maithili Phonetics and Phonology

(4.4)

(1.1)