Lipids and vitamin D levels

Abstracts / Atherosclerosis 235 (2014) e192–e301

71 - Risk factors, epidemiology, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases: Miscellaneous EAS-0633. ASSOCIATION OF AORTIC VALVE SCLEROSIS AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN DIFFERENT VASCULAR TERRITORIES G. Giuntaa, E. Gennerob, P. Mendeza, N. Rodrigueza, P. Bobadilla Jacoba, R. Skorkaa, E. Guevaraa, L. Cunibertib, R. Sancheza a

Lipid Clinic - Metabolic Unit, Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis - Universidad Favaloro, Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina b

Objectives: Aortic valve sclerosis (AS) is a frequent finding in echocardiographic examination. Different studies have supported a link between this initial aortic damage and atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of aortic sclerosis and the presence of atherosclerosis in different arterial territories. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients (pat) referred to our unit for cardiovascular check-up. Data were collected from clinical records and echographic studies acquired simultaneously. These data was used to assess the presence of AS, coronary atherosclerosis (AMI, revascularization or positive stress test), carotid atherosclerosis (echography or revascularization), abdominal aortic atherosclerosis (echography) or renal artery atherosclerosis (echography). Results: Data from 276 pat were analyzed. AS was present in 54 pat (19.6%). Pat with AS were older (64.6
8.6y vs. 52
12.1y, p< 0.00001), with higher BMI (30.2
6.3 vs. 28.1
5.3, p< 0.05), higher systolic blood pressure (127.9
9.8mmHg vs. 123.8
10.9mmHg, p< 0.05) and glycaemia (106.7
32.6 vs. 90.8
21.5, p < 0.05). Cholesterol was lower in AS (192.2
41.2mg/dL vs. 205
42.3mg/dL, p< 0.05), associated with an increased use of statins in this group (22% vs 6%, p< 0.005). The presence of atherosclerosis was more prevalent in AS group, in carotid (79.6% vs. 45.5%, p<0.0001), coronary (25.9% vs. 9.6%, p<0.001) and abdominal aortic territories (25.9% vs. 9.6%, p<0.001). No difference was assessed in renal territory (4% vs. 3.7%, p¼ns). Age and number of territories affected by atherosclerosis were independent predictors of the presence of AS. Conclusion: The presence of AS was associated with the presence of atherosclerosis in different territories, demonstrating one link more between both pathologies. 71 - Risk factors, epidemiology, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases: Miscellaneous EAS-0778. ROSUVASTATIN PREVENTS HYPERTENSION INDUCED-LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY BY ENHANCING CATALASE ACTIVITY N. Pacienzaa, G. Duaipa, G. Giuntaa, E. Genneroa, E. Guevarab, R. Favaloroc, G. Yannarellia, L. Cunibertia a Lipids Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Favaloro University/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; b Department of Clinical Medicine, Favaloro University/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; c Department of Surgery, Favaloro University/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Objectives: Arterial hypertension (AHT) is a major cause of left ventricular hypertrophy and is closely related to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Statins have been shown to reduce cardiac hypertrophy and improve symptoms of heart failure. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the molecular basis of left ventricular hypertrophy inhibition by Rosuvastatin in a renovascular hypertensive model. Methods: Male New Zealand adult rabbits (w3 kg) were instrumented following the hypertensive Goldblatt's model. Pressure-matched rabbits from the three following groups were studied after 9 months of hypertension: AHT (n¼11); AHT+Rosu, treated with Rosuvastatin (2.5mg/Kg/ day) in the drinking water (n¼9); and AHT+Rosu+Chol, which received

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rosuvastatin and a high cholesterol diet (0.05%) sufficient to maintain the basal cholesterol level. Control animals (n¼8) were subjected to simulated surgery. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure were measured by direct method. Anatomical and functional parameters of the LV were assessed by conventional Doppler-echocardiography. Left ventricle mass index (LVMI) was calculated as LV mass/body weight (g/kg). Catalase activity (relative units) and AT1 receptor expression was analyzed from LV extracts by a spectrophotometric method and RT-qPCR, respectively. Results: Under basal condition, SBP, DBP and LVMI were similar in all groups. SBP and DBP were significantly increased in hypertensive groups (w30% and w22%, p Conclusion: Rosuvastatin increases catalase activity improving ROS detoxification in a cholesterol independent manner. This mechanism may inhibit AT1 up-regulation preventing left ventricular hypertrophy. 71 - Risk factors, epidemiology, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases: Miscellaneous EAS-0141. PREDICTORS OF THE COMBINED ADOPTION OF HEALTHY EATING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC ADULTS P. Gomeza, E. Bruckertb, S. Boesen-Marianic a Marketing, NEOMA Business School, Reims, France; b Endocrinologie Prévention des Maladies Cardiovasculaires, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; c Sensory and Behavior Science, Danone Research, Palaiseau, France

Objectives: Combined changes in eating habits and physical activity play a pivotal role in hypercholesterolemia management and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Motives and barriers to healthy eating (HE) and physical activity (PA) have already been studied in past research, but little is known about the psychological factors that influence the adoption of both behaviors by hypercholesterolemic adults. The goal of this study was therefore to identify psychological factors that predict conjointly HE and PA among hypercholesterolemic adults. Methods: 1100 French hypercholesterolemic adults (56.9% Male, Mean age ¼ 56.5 years) took part in an on-line survey. Participants self-reported their PA using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and their eating habits using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). A comprehensive set of potential explanatory variables was assessed including hypercholesterolemia knowledge and perception, cardiovascular history, physician use and attitudes, socio-cognitive beliefs and personality traits. Based on their scores on IPAQ and FFQ, participants were classified into four groups (high HE/high PA, high HE/low PA, low HE/high PA, low HE/low PA). A multinomial logistic regression adjusted for socio-demographic variables was used to determine the probability of belonging to each group according to all potential explanatory variables. Results: Our analysis showed that hypercholesterolemia knowledge and perception, socio-cognitive beliefs and personality traits influenced significantly the simultaneous adoption of PA and HE. For example, relative to participants belonging to the high HE/high PA group, participants belonging to the low HE/low PA group reported lower hypercholesterolemia knowledge, lower physical exercise self-efficacy, lower self-control, and higher external locus of control (chance). Conclusion: This study highlighted the importance of psychological factors in predicting the combined adoption of HE and PA among hypercholesterolemic adults. Addressing these factors could help improve prevention strategies for hypercholesterolemia. 71 - Risk factors, epidemiology, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases: Miscellaneous EAS-0661. LIPIDS AND VITAMIN D LEVELS I. Gonzalez Moleroa, S. Morcilloa, G. Rojoa, E. Rubioa, C. Gutierrez-Repisoa, F. Soriguera a

Endocrinology and nutrition, Carlos Haya Hospital, Málaga, Spain

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Abstracts / Atherosclerosis 235 (2014) e192–e301

Objectives: Several studies have investigated a possible action of vitamin D metabolites on different lipid fractions but the possible mechanism by which they could act remain unknown, with varying results in observational and intervention studies. Objetive: To study the relation between vitamin D levels and lipids levels. Methods: We undertook a population-based cohort study in Spain.At baseline (1996-1998),1226 subjects were evaluated. Follow-up visits were performed in 2002-2004 and 2005-2007. At baseline and follow-up, participants underwent an interview and a standardized clinical examination. At the second visit, 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and iPTH levels were measured. Results: The mean levels of total cholesterol (TC) in second study were: 249.73
53.05,triglycerides: 111.18
73.21,HDL: 66.35
16.38 and LDL: 161.6
46.71 mg /dl. In the third study, levels were 201.61
38.11,116.61
78.60,54.78
12.98 and 123.58
33.12 mg/dl. Mean levels of different lipid fractions in the second study depending on the presence or absence of vitamin D deficiency were: TC: 256.68
51.91vs246.07
53.37 (p0, 006), Triglycerides: 87.53
119.94 vs106.34
63.82(p 0.01), HDL: 68.47
17.50vs 65.24
15.67 (p 0.007), LDL: 120.91
30.76 vs 108.45
25.05 (p0, 001); ratio TC/HDL: 3.90
0.96vs3.90
0.98 (p 0.9); ratio LDL/HDL: 1.69
0.51vs1.67
0.53 (p 0.7). Mean levels of 25hydroxyvitaminD were significantly lower in subjects with high TC (22.5vs.24.2ng/ml), high HDL (22.1vs23.2ng/ml) and triglycerides (21.1vs23.2ng/ml). No correlation was found between CT and 25-hydroxyvitamin D(r¼-0.06,p¼0.08), but there was a negative correlation with HDL and TG (r¼-0.07,p¼0.03 and r¼-0.09,p¼0.01) adjusted for age, sex and weight. In the cross-sectional study in the multivariate model we didn't obtained relationship between vitamin D deficiency (<20ng/ml) and elevated total cholesterol (OR¼0.85,95% CI 0.57 to 1.28) or low HDL (OR¼1.42,95% CI 0.75 to 2.71) after adjustment for age, sex and obesity, but the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and hypertriglyceridemia persisted, so that subjects with deficit of vitamin D were more likely to have high triglycerides (OR¼0.68,95% CI 0.47-0.98,p¼0.03). In the prospective study, after four years of follow up, patients with or without vitamin D deficit, had similar risk of hypertriglyceridemia adjusted by age, sex and obesity (OR: 1.01, p¼0.95). No relationship was found with other lipid fractions in prospective study. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia but is not related to the incidence of dyslipidemia. 71 - Risk factors, epidemiology, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases: Miscellaneous EAS-0195. INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES NECESSARY FOT LIPID STATUS AND OBESITY IN ADOLESCENTS G. Grujic Ilica, M. Jerkanb, L.J. Pejcicc, J. Rankovicd a Pediatric, Health Center, Nis, Serbia; b Sports Medicine, Health Center, Nis, Serbia; c Pediatric, Pediatric Clinic, Nis, Serbia; d Pediatric, Health Center, Nis, Serbia

Background: One of the major risk factors of atherosclerosis in adulthood is physical inactivity. Regular physical activity is a measure to maintain and improve the health of the entire population. Aim: To determine the percentage of obesity and lipids and lipoproteins in boys who are active in sports and those physically inactive, and the percentage of lipids and lipoproteins, which are a risk factor of coronary heart disease in adulthood in both groups. Methods: There were 625 boys aged 10 to 19. Sports active were 123 boys (18.87%), training 3 to 4 times a week for 1 to 2 hours. Physically inactive were 529 boys (81.13%). All adolescents were measured body weight and height, body mass index calculated on the basis of which nutritional status was assessed. Fasting plasma concentracions of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride were measured. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated. For assessing the results the NCEP classification for children and adolescents (1991) and NCEP ATP III (2001) were used. Results: The percentage of obese boys was higher in physically inactive boys 6.99% (by 5.69% in athletes). Values of TC, LDL-C (p <0.001) and Tg

(p<0.01) were significantly higher in physically inactive boys and HDL cholesterol levels were significantly lower in physically inactive (p <0.001). The percentage of boys with high levels of TC (6:09%), Tg (8:06%), LDC (4.53%), and with low HDL (10.29%) which are a risk for the development of coronary heart disease in adulthood were higher in physically inactive boys than in athletes (4.65%, 6.98%, 3.23%, 3.235). Conclusion: Insisting on regular sports and other physical activities. Physical activity is very important in preventing many conditions and diseases in pediatric age. Physical activity should be regular, moderate at first, then gradually increased. 71 - Risk factors, epidemiology, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases: Miscellaneous EAS-0114. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA

CHILDREN

AFFECTED

BY

PRIMARY

P. Caglieroa, O. Guardamagnaa a

Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

Objectives: Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis progression. This event cascade may start in childhood and is correlated with hypercholesterolemia. Data on Oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL), a marker of oxidative stress, are poorly checked in children besides controversial. The aim of the study was to evaluate the Ox-LDL status in children affected by primary hypercholesterolemia. Methods: 44 hypercholesterolemic children (10.4
2.8 years, BMI 21
1.9) and 20 normocholesterolemic children (sex and age matched) affering to our department, were included in the study. On the basis of international criteria they were affected by Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) (n 14), Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia (FCH) (n 15) or Undefined Autosomal Dominant Hypercholesterolemia (n 15), when they did not show the characteristics for FH or FCH. Blood collection was performed on fasting state, when healthy since at least one month. Samples were stored at -80 C, until processed. Lipid profile parameters (TC, HDL-C, TG,) were assessed by automatic analyzer (Olympus AU 2700, Japan), LDL-C were calculated and OxLDL tested by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) (Mercodia AB, Uppsala, Sweden). Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 20.0 software (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL). Results: Lipid profile parameters in dyslipidemic and normocholesterolemic children were: TC 234
52.8 mg/dl, HDL-C 54
13 mg/dl, TG 91(42195), LDL-C 162
51.8 mg/dl in the former group and TC 167.4
8.8 mg/dl, HDL-C 59
4.6 mg/dl, TG 49(34-82), LDL-C 100.8
13.6 mg/dl in the latter group. The Ox-LDL level measurement resulted 67.97
20.2 U/l in dyslipidemic children and 42.7
5.2 U/l in normocholesterolemic children, this difference being statistically significant (p¼ 0.0001). Conclusion: Increased Ox-LDL levels in children confirm an early exposure to oxidative stress that is detectable when primary dyslipidemia occur. These results underline the relevance of an early diagnosis to establish a primary prevention approach aimed to prevent the oxidative process. 71 - Risk factors, epidemiology, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases: Miscellaneous EAS-0281. TPP1 RS2555173 A ALLELE SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE RISK OF EARLY-ONSET ISCHEMIC STROKE F. Hsieha, S. Chiua, H. Chioua, H. Linb, J. Jengc, L. Liend, G. Penge a

School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; c Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; d Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; e Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan b