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LORD LISTER ON SULPHO-CHROMIC CATGUT.
273 Ambulance: Captain and Professor Halliburton contends that protein at the seat of Horace Walter Plant (Retired List, Volun- absorption becomes broken down into the amino-acids Major Honorary virtue of their small molecular condition, pass teers), to be Transport Officer, with the honorary rank of the walls of the vessels into the blood stream and June 28th, through (dated Major 1908). lst Northumbrian Field Ambulance: Lieutenant Frank thus become distributed through the system and brought into relation with the tissues by which they are in a direct Hawthorn to be Captain (dated Dec. 1st, 1908). 2nd Northumbrian Field Ambulance : Quartermaster and manner taken for application to utilisation. Under such a Honorary Lieutenant Alfred Johnson to be Transport Officer, proposition the blood, as far as protein food is concerned, is with the honorary rank of Lieutenant (dated Dec. lst, 1908). simply a medium for the conveyance of crude products of
2nd North Midland Field
which, by
lst Welsh Field Ambulance: Surgeon-Major Thomas Lewis Kenrick Davies, from the 6th Battalion. The Royal Welsh Fusiliers, to be Major (dated Nov. 18th, 1908). The undermentioned officers are appointed to the Territorial on the Unattached List, for service with the conof the Senior Division of the Officers Training Corps as stated against their names in the ranks and in the precedence which they severally held as officers in the Volunteer Force (dated July 17th, 1908) :Surgeon-Captain Walter Tyrrell Brooks (lst (Oxford University) Volunteer Battalion, The Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry), Oxford University, to be Captain ; Surgeon-Lieutenant William Duncan Sturrock (lst (Oxford University) Volunteer Battalion, The Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry), Oxford University, to be Lieutenant. VOLUNTEER CORPS. Royal Engineers (Volunteers): : The Tyne Division (Electrical Engineers) : Surgeon-Major Frederick W. Gibbon to be Surgeon-Lieutenant-Colonel (dated March 31st, 1908). Rifle :1st Volunteer Battalion, The Highland Lightt Infantry: Surgeon-Captain James Swanson resigns his commission (dated March 31st, 1908).
Force,
tingents
digestion within reach of
the tissues.
No matter what the condition
existing
with
respect
to
rest and exercise, the tissues are always to be ready to take that which is presented to them from the seat of absorption. It is admitted that the amino-acids are capable of passing into the urine and that they do pass into it if they reach the blood in excess of their removal by the tissues, but the tissues, apart from the consideration of whether they are
wanted or not, and apart from the consideration of whether much or little in amount of them is entering the blood, are forced to take them to keep them from showing themselves, as is found under normal circumstances they fail to do, in the urine. What, under such circumstances, is the object of the presence of the elaborated protein principles found in the blood1 If re-synthesis of the products of digestion takes place at the seat of absorption, their presence is intelligible enough, but if the products of digestion are to traverse the circulation as such for direct appropriation by the tissues, the protein constituents of the blood become needless as far as tissue nutrition is concerned, a view standing in antagonism with that generally held. Undoubtedly, it may be considered, the protein constituents of the blood must have a function of importance to DINNER OF THE MEDICAL OFFICERS OF THE ROYAL NAVY. discharge. Professor Halliburton does not seem to regard them as occupying an intermediate position between the food On Jan. 8th between 70 and 80 medical officers of the and tissue appropriation. Definitely we know that in the Ryal Navy, retired and active lists, dined at the Criterion incubating egg the chick is developed from products allied to Restaurant, Piccadilly, and it is hoped that this dinner will the protein constituents of the blood and not from products become an annual feature. The dinner was convened by allied to those derived from action. Because J. Thomas, Fleet-Surgeon Fleet-Surgeon P. B. animals fed with the amino acidsdigestive Lloyd maintain nitrogenous equiHaadyside, and Fleet-Surgeon A. R. Bankart, M. V. O. librium and health is no argument in support, as it is alleged by Professor Halliburton to be, of food protein passing as amino-acids to the tissues for their nutrient supply. Anydigestion product which can be taken on by the bioplasmic molecules of the lymphocyte will serve the purpose for the occurrence of re-synthetic action at the seat of absorption "Audi alteram partem." and, with the amino-acids here synthesised into protein, a condition is supplied which equally well fits in with the maintenance of nitrogenous equilibrium and health in animals LORD LISTER ON SULPHO-CHROMIC fed on them as under the other mode of viewing the question. CATGUT. Professor Halliburton says: "If the intestinal epithelium" To the Editor of THE LANCET. epithelium stands here in error for lymphocytes-’ were SIR,-I desire with your permission to add in your columns1the exclusive, or even the principal, seat of protein synthesis, a few vords regarding sulpho-chromic catgut to what wasthe 1 coagulable protein in the blood ought to be raised after a stated inmy paper on the Preparation of Catgut for Surgical meal. Recent analyses have shown that this is not protein Purposes published in THE LANCET of Jan. 18th, 1908, p. 1 the case." ........ The sentence Dr. Pavy quotes from my It does mt begin to be absorbed for about ten days, and it is ’ Chemical states that chyle contains more then gradially eroded, retaining considerable firmness to the than does lymph from the limbs. The statement is protein last. It is thus well adapted not only for tying vessels in correct, but the inference I drew from it in mv more youthful wounds bm also for the ligature of arterial trunks in their days is incorrect." Is Professor Halliburton viewing this continuity aid for buried sutures. Its trustworthiness for matter in a right way ?2 I entered at some length into the these purposes has been amply demonstrated by long experi- increased flow that takes place through the thoracic duct as ence. I ma3 add that immersion of the catgut in 1 to 20 a result of food but he is altogether silent upon ingestion, solution of cu-bolic acid for about 20 minutes before the this an increased flow of a protein-containing point. Surely commencement of an operation has afforded perfect security fluid must count for something in relation to the entry of of an aseptic state of the thread, while no disadvantage into the blood stream. Let me from this standpoint protein arises from its emaining in that solution for any length of give consideration to the matter. time which on ether grounds may be found convenient. Viewing the absorbent system and its contents through the I am, Sir, yours, &c., information that has been acquired with regard to them I LISTER. Jan. 14th, 1909. read the deductions to be drawn in the following way. A system of vessels exists, commencing in lacunas dispersed between the tissue elements and ending in junctions with THE ABSORPTION OF PROTEINS. veins at the lower part of the neck. From the capillary bloodTo’4e Editor of THE LANCET. vessels a transudation into the lacunae takes place from which SIR,-Your issue of Jan. 2nd contains an article by Pro- the tissues draw their supply. The nature and amount of fessor W.D.Hallibu-ton on"The Absorption of Proteins," this transudation are dependent upon the existing collateral put forth as arejoindqo to remarks upon the subject contained conditions related to state of blood and of blood pressure, but in my lectures recentb delivered at the Royal College of Phy- under no circumstances, I conceive, can it be assumed that sicians of London. ’lhe point dealt with is no less funda- the blood plasma passes bodily into the lacunse. The mental a one than the manner in which protein food passes impediment offered by membranes to the transudation of prowithin the system from the seat of absorption in the walls tein is well understood, and it is only under the influence of of the alimentary canal o that of utilisation in the tissues. pressure that a passage takes place. According to the amountt
Correspondence.
148.
Physiology’
2nd North Midland Field
which, by
lst Welsh Field Ambulance: Surgeon-Major Thomas Lewis Kenrick Davies, from the 6th Battalion. The Royal Welsh Fusiliers, to be Major (dated Nov. 18th, 1908). The undermentioned officers are appointed to the Territorial on the Unattached List, for service with the conof the Senior Division of the Officers Training Corps as stated against their names in the ranks and in the precedence which they severally held as officers in the Volunteer Force (dated July 17th, 1908) :Surgeon-Captain Walter Tyrrell Brooks (lst (Oxford University) Volunteer Battalion, The Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry), Oxford University, to be Captain ; Surgeon-Lieutenant William Duncan Sturrock (lst (Oxford University) Volunteer Battalion, The Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry), Oxford University, to be Lieutenant. VOLUNTEER CORPS. Royal Engineers (Volunteers): : The Tyne Division (Electrical Engineers) : Surgeon-Major Frederick W. Gibbon to be Surgeon-Lieutenant-Colonel (dated March 31st, 1908). Rifle :1st Volunteer Battalion, The Highland Lightt Infantry: Surgeon-Captain James Swanson resigns his commission (dated March 31st, 1908).
Force,
tingents
digestion within reach of
the tissues.
No matter what the condition
existing
with
respect
to
rest and exercise, the tissues are always to be ready to take that which is presented to them from the seat of absorption. It is admitted that the amino-acids are capable of passing into the urine and that they do pass into it if they reach the blood in excess of their removal by the tissues, but the tissues, apart from the consideration of whether they are
wanted or not, and apart from the consideration of whether much or little in amount of them is entering the blood, are forced to take them to keep them from showing themselves, as is found under normal circumstances they fail to do, in the urine. What, under such circumstances, is the object of the presence of the elaborated protein principles found in the blood1 If re-synthesis of the products of digestion takes place at the seat of absorption, their presence is intelligible enough, but if the products of digestion are to traverse the circulation as such for direct appropriation by the tissues, the protein constituents of the blood become needless as far as tissue nutrition is concerned, a view standing in antagonism with that generally held. Undoubtedly, it may be considered, the protein constituents of the blood must have a function of importance to DINNER OF THE MEDICAL OFFICERS OF THE ROYAL NAVY. discharge. Professor Halliburton does not seem to regard them as occupying an intermediate position between the food On Jan. 8th between 70 and 80 medical officers of the and tissue appropriation. Definitely we know that in the Ryal Navy, retired and active lists, dined at the Criterion incubating egg the chick is developed from products allied to Restaurant, Piccadilly, and it is hoped that this dinner will the protein constituents of the blood and not from products become an annual feature. The dinner was convened by allied to those derived from action. Because J. Thomas, Fleet-Surgeon Fleet-Surgeon P. B. animals fed with the amino acidsdigestive Lloyd maintain nitrogenous equiHaadyside, and Fleet-Surgeon A. R. Bankart, M. V. O. librium and health is no argument in support, as it is alleged by Professor Halliburton to be, of food protein passing as amino-acids to the tissues for their nutrient supply. Anydigestion product which can be taken on by the bioplasmic molecules of the lymphocyte will serve the purpose for the occurrence of re-synthetic action at the seat of absorption "Audi alteram partem." and, with the amino-acids here synthesised into protein, a condition is supplied which equally well fits in with the maintenance of nitrogenous equilibrium and health in animals LORD LISTER ON SULPHO-CHROMIC fed on them as under the other mode of viewing the question. CATGUT. Professor Halliburton says: "If the intestinal epithelium" To the Editor of THE LANCET. epithelium stands here in error for lymphocytes-’ were SIR,-I desire with your permission to add in your columns1the exclusive, or even the principal, seat of protein synthesis, a few vords regarding sulpho-chromic catgut to what wasthe 1 coagulable protein in the blood ought to be raised after a stated inmy paper on the Preparation of Catgut for Surgical meal. Recent analyses have shown that this is not protein Purposes published in THE LANCET of Jan. 18th, 1908, p. 1 the case." ........ The sentence Dr. Pavy quotes from my It does mt begin to be absorbed for about ten days, and it is ’ Chemical states that chyle contains more then gradially eroded, retaining considerable firmness to the than does lymph from the limbs. The statement is protein last. It is thus well adapted not only for tying vessels in correct, but the inference I drew from it in mv more youthful wounds bm also for the ligature of arterial trunks in their days is incorrect." Is Professor Halliburton viewing this continuity aid for buried sutures. Its trustworthiness for matter in a right way ?2 I entered at some length into the these purposes has been amply demonstrated by long experi- increased flow that takes place through the thoracic duct as ence. I ma3 add that immersion of the catgut in 1 to 20 a result of food but he is altogether silent upon ingestion, solution of cu-bolic acid for about 20 minutes before the this an increased flow of a protein-containing point. Surely commencement of an operation has afforded perfect security fluid must count for something in relation to the entry of of an aseptic state of the thread, while no disadvantage into the blood stream. Let me from this standpoint protein arises from its emaining in that solution for any length of give consideration to the matter. time which on ether grounds may be found convenient. Viewing the absorbent system and its contents through the I am, Sir, yours, &c., information that has been acquired with regard to them I LISTER. Jan. 14th, 1909. read the deductions to be drawn in the following way. A system of vessels exists, commencing in lacunas dispersed between the tissue elements and ending in junctions with THE ABSORPTION OF PROTEINS. veins at the lower part of the neck. From the capillary bloodTo’4e Editor of THE LANCET. vessels a transudation into the lacunae takes place from which SIR,-Your issue of Jan. 2nd contains an article by Pro- the tissues draw their supply. The nature and amount of fessor W.D.Hallibu-ton on"The Absorption of Proteins," this transudation are dependent upon the existing collateral put forth as arejoindqo to remarks upon the subject contained conditions related to state of blood and of blood pressure, but in my lectures recentb delivered at the Royal College of Phy- under no circumstances, I conceive, can it be assumed that sicians of London. ’lhe point dealt with is no less funda- the blood plasma passes bodily into the lacunse. The mental a one than the manner in which protein food passes impediment offered by membranes to the transudation of prowithin the system from the seat of absorption in the walls tein is well understood, and it is only under the influence of of the alimentary canal o that of utilisation in the tissues. pressure that a passage takes place. According to the amountt
Correspondence.
148.
Physiology’