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M-A-006 CHANGES IN THE DURATION OF SLOW (11 – 13.5HZ) AND FAST (13.51 – 16HZ) SPINDLES IN ADOLESCENTS
S24
Abstracts of 4th International Congress of WASM & 5th Conference of CSS / Sleep Medicine 12, Suppl. 1 (2011) S1–S130
Baseline, Post-Acquisition) mixed ANOVAs were computed for each spindle type and electrode site. On the third evening, participants learned 15 word pairs (the A-B list). The next morning, participants learned word pairs that comprised the same first word as before but a new associate word (the A-C list). Following a 15-minute delay, participants were shown the A-words and asked to recall the corresponding B- and C-words. Results: As expected, the density values of all spindle types (whole, slow, and fast) were significantly greater at the Fz and Cz sites in young rather than in older adults, p<0.05 for all. The main effect of night for fast spindles at Pz approached significance, F(1,5)=5.39, p=0.059: spindle density increased in both age groups following learning. The young adults recalled more B-words than the older adults, t(6)=2.40, p=0.053. Conclusion: Although preliminary, the present findings suggest that the density of fast spindles at Pz increases following learning in both young and older adults. Acknowledgements: This research was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR).
M-A-005
18.5 Hz for duration analysis. Thirty spindles were randomly chosen from Stage 2, 15 in the first half of the night and 15 from the second half. Results: A 2 (age: younger, older) x 4 (electrode location: C3, C4, FZ, PZ) ANOVA on slow spindle duration showed a main effect of age [F(1,28) = 6.88, p=0.014], and a main effect of location on duration [F(3,84] = 7.07, p<0.001]. Tukey post hocs showed that younger adolescents (M = 1.82 sec) had significantly longer slow spindles than older adolescents (M = 1.66 sec). Also, spindles at PZ (M = 1.81) were significantly longer than at all other locations. A 2 (age: younger, older) x 4 (C3, C4, FZ, CZ) ANOVA on fast spindle duration showed a main effect of location on duration [F(3,84] = 48.617, p<0.00001]. A Tukey post hoc showed that spindles at PZ (M = 1.57 sec) were significantly longer than at all other locations; fast spindles at FZ (M = 1.38 sec) were also significantly shorter than fast spindles at C4 (M = 1.44 sec). Conclusion: Younger adolescents exhibit longer slow spindles than older adolescents, suggesting a developmental trend. Both fast and slow spindles are longest in the parietal region.
M-A-007
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SLEEP IN YOUNG AND OLDER ADULTS
Rébecca Robillard 1 , Naomi L. Rogers 2 , Timothy Lambert 3 , François Prince 4 , Julie Carrier 1. 1 Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Canada; 2 Chronobiology & Sleep, Australia; 3 Psychiatry Clinic, Brain & Mind Research Institute & Psychiatry Clinic Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Australia; 4 Département de kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, Canada Introduction and Objectives: Several epidemiological studies have suggested an association between self-reported physical activity levels and subjective sleep measures. Conversely, interventional studies using acute physical training have provided inconsistent results. To our knowledge, the possible association between habitual physical activity levels and sleepwake patterns has not been investigated with objective measures. The current study aimed to assess this association with ambulatory monitors and to identify whether polysomnographic sleep variables correlate with physical activity levels in young and older adults. Materials and Methods: Twelve young healthy adults underwent 5 to 9 days and nights of continuous actigraphy monitoring, wearing two actimeters simultaneously to measure active energy expenditure (EE) during the main wake episode and rest efficiency during nocturnal rest episodes. A second sample of 11 young and 12 older adults wore an EE monitor for 7 days before a polysomnographic recording night. Two-tailed Pearson correlations were conducted between EE and ambulatory/sleep variables. Significance threshold was set at p≤0.05. Results: EE in the vigorous activity class (r=0.64, p=0.03) and the time spent in the vigorous activity class (r=0.67, p=0.02) correlated significantly with rest efficiency measured with ambulatory sleep monitoring. Polysomnographic data showed that, in young adults, EE parameters reflecting sustained activity correlated with REM sleep (r=0.61, p≤0.04). In older adults, locomotion cadence correlated with sleep efficiency (r=0.58, p<0.05) and slow wave sleep (r=0.60, p=0.04). Conclusion: These objective measures indicate that physical activity levels during the day are associated with more consolidated sleep during the night. Furthermore, in the elderly, daily locomotion activity is linked with deeper sleep. Compared to acute interventions, habitual physical activity patterns integrated over long periods may facilitate sleep promotion mechanisms. This provides empiric data for the therapeutic use of physical activity to improve sleep.
CHILD AND ADOLESCENT SLEEP CHECKLIST (CASC): DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A CHILD SLEEP SCREENING QUESTIONNAIRE
Yasunori Oka 1 , Fumie Horiuchi 2 . 1 Department of Sleep Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; 2 Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan Introduction and Objectives: Assessment of sleep using a single questionnaire for children with a wide range of ages requires special considerations as characteristics of sleep change dramatically both in quality and in quantity during childhood. The aim of this study was to develop a child sleep screening questionnaire: Child and Adolescent Sleep Checklist (CASC) for the screening of sleep problems among children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: CASC consisted of 36 questions commonly used from infants up to high-school students. CASC has three versions; for caregivers (common for all age groups), for elementary school children (2-11 years of age), and for high-school students (12-18 years of age). 53 children (29 community sample and 24 clinical sample) were recruited for the validation study of CASC. Subjects were asked to answer CASC twice with 2 weeks interval, and the responses were compared. CASC sleep problem scores were also compared with other sleep questionnaires. Results: CASC sleep problem score showed good correlation between the first and second responses (r=0.787, p<0.001). Parental reports (preschoolers and elementary school children, n=26) were compared with Childrens’ Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and the CASC sleep problem scores showed good correlation with CSHQ total scores (r=0.770, p<0.001). Self reports (high school students, n=19) were compared with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and CASC sleep problem scores showed good correlation with PSQI scores (r=0.599, p=0.007). Conclusion: CASC has its advantage in making cross sectional screening of sleep problems in wide range of ages by using both parental and self report. CASC can be especially useful in interventional or cohort study as this questionnaire allows to use same question items throughout the study period.
M-A-008
DEVELOPMENT OF SLEEP PATTERNS IN CHINESE INFANTS DURING THE FIRST 12 MONTHS OF LIFE
Xiao-na Huang 1 , Hui-shan Wang 1 , Xi-cheng Liu 2 , Jing-xiong Jiang 1 , Lin An 3 . Department of Children Health, National Center for Maternal and Children Health Care, China CDC, China; 2 Bronchoscopy Center, Affiliated Children Hospital of Beijing Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; 3 Department of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China 1
M-A-006
CHANGES IN THE DURATION OF SLOW (11 – 13.5HZ) AND FAST (13.51 – 16HZ) SPINDLES IN ADOLESCENTS
Rebecca Nader 1 , Carlyle Smith 2 , Mark Sabbagh 3 . 1 Trent University/Queen’s University, Canada; 2 Trent University, Canada; 3 Queen’s University, Canada Introduction and Objectives: Spindle durations were compared in younger and older adolescents. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three adolescents (17 female) between the ages of 12 and 18 years were sleep EEG recorded (C3, C4, FZ, PZ) for two consecutive nights at home using a portable monitoring system. Slow (11–13.5Hz) and fast (13.51–16Hz) spindles were counted in Stage 2 sleep using PRANA software. The EEG was filtered for frequencies between 11 and
Introduction and Objectives: This longitudinal research aimed to describe the developmental characteristics of infants’ sleep patterns in household environments during the first 12 months of life. Materials and Methods: 524 healthy term infants from 9 urban districts were enrolled in the study. 24-hour sleep diaries were administered in the following occasions: Day 2-4 after birth, the first 3 consecutive days every week at 2-4 weeks of age, and the first 7 consecutive days every month at 2-12 months old. The age-dependent distribution of sleep variables were analyzed with repeated measures data analysis of variance, and the 1st,
Abstracts of 4th International Congress of WASM & 5th Conference of CSS / Sleep Medicine 12, Suppl. 1 (2011) S1–S130
Baseline, Post-Acquisition) mixed ANOVAs were computed for each spindle type and electrode site. On the third evening, participants learned 15 word pairs (the A-B list). The next morning, participants learned word pairs that comprised the same first word as before but a new associate word (the A-C list). Following a 15-minute delay, participants were shown the A-words and asked to recall the corresponding B- and C-words. Results: As expected, the density values of all spindle types (whole, slow, and fast) were significantly greater at the Fz and Cz sites in young rather than in older adults, p<0.05 for all. The main effect of night for fast spindles at Pz approached significance, F(1,5)=5.39, p=0.059: spindle density increased in both age groups following learning. The young adults recalled more B-words than the older adults, t(6)=2.40, p=0.053. Conclusion: Although preliminary, the present findings suggest that the density of fast spindles at Pz increases following learning in both young and older adults. Acknowledgements: This research was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR).
M-A-005
18.5 Hz for duration analysis. Thirty spindles were randomly chosen from Stage 2, 15 in the first half of the night and 15 from the second half. Results: A 2 (age: younger, older) x 4 (electrode location: C3, C4, FZ, PZ) ANOVA on slow spindle duration showed a main effect of age [F(1,28) = 6.88, p=0.014], and a main effect of location on duration [F(3,84] = 7.07, p<0.001]. Tukey post hocs showed that younger adolescents (M = 1.82 sec) had significantly longer slow spindles than older adolescents (M = 1.66 sec). Also, spindles at PZ (M = 1.81) were significantly longer than at all other locations. A 2 (age: younger, older) x 4 (C3, C4, FZ, CZ) ANOVA on fast spindle duration showed a main effect of location on duration [F(3,84] = 48.617, p<0.00001]. A Tukey post hoc showed that spindles at PZ (M = 1.57 sec) were significantly longer than at all other locations; fast spindles at FZ (M = 1.38 sec) were also significantly shorter than fast spindles at C4 (M = 1.44 sec). Conclusion: Younger adolescents exhibit longer slow spindles than older adolescents, suggesting a developmental trend. Both fast and slow spindles are longest in the parietal region.
M-A-007
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SLEEP IN YOUNG AND OLDER ADULTS
Rébecca Robillard 1 , Naomi L. Rogers 2 , Timothy Lambert 3 , François Prince 4 , Julie Carrier 1. 1 Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Canada; 2 Chronobiology & Sleep, Australia; 3 Psychiatry Clinic, Brain & Mind Research Institute & Psychiatry Clinic Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Australia; 4 Département de kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, Canada Introduction and Objectives: Several epidemiological studies have suggested an association between self-reported physical activity levels and subjective sleep measures. Conversely, interventional studies using acute physical training have provided inconsistent results. To our knowledge, the possible association between habitual physical activity levels and sleepwake patterns has not been investigated with objective measures. The current study aimed to assess this association with ambulatory monitors and to identify whether polysomnographic sleep variables correlate with physical activity levels in young and older adults. Materials and Methods: Twelve young healthy adults underwent 5 to 9 days and nights of continuous actigraphy monitoring, wearing two actimeters simultaneously to measure active energy expenditure (EE) during the main wake episode and rest efficiency during nocturnal rest episodes. A second sample of 11 young and 12 older adults wore an EE monitor for 7 days before a polysomnographic recording night. Two-tailed Pearson correlations were conducted between EE and ambulatory/sleep variables. Significance threshold was set at p≤0.05. Results: EE in the vigorous activity class (r=0.64, p=0.03) and the time spent in the vigorous activity class (r=0.67, p=0.02) correlated significantly with rest efficiency measured with ambulatory sleep monitoring. Polysomnographic data showed that, in young adults, EE parameters reflecting sustained activity correlated with REM sleep (r=0.61, p≤0.04). In older adults, locomotion cadence correlated with sleep efficiency (r=0.58, p<0.05) and slow wave sleep (r=0.60, p=0.04). Conclusion: These objective measures indicate that physical activity levels during the day are associated with more consolidated sleep during the night. Furthermore, in the elderly, daily locomotion activity is linked with deeper sleep. Compared to acute interventions, habitual physical activity patterns integrated over long periods may facilitate sleep promotion mechanisms. This provides empiric data for the therapeutic use of physical activity to improve sleep.
CHILD AND ADOLESCENT SLEEP CHECKLIST (CASC): DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A CHILD SLEEP SCREENING QUESTIONNAIRE
Yasunori Oka 1 , Fumie Horiuchi 2 . 1 Department of Sleep Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; 2 Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan Introduction and Objectives: Assessment of sleep using a single questionnaire for children with a wide range of ages requires special considerations as characteristics of sleep change dramatically both in quality and in quantity during childhood. The aim of this study was to develop a child sleep screening questionnaire: Child and Adolescent Sleep Checklist (CASC) for the screening of sleep problems among children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: CASC consisted of 36 questions commonly used from infants up to high-school students. CASC has three versions; for caregivers (common for all age groups), for elementary school children (2-11 years of age), and for high-school students (12-18 years of age). 53 children (29 community sample and 24 clinical sample) were recruited for the validation study of CASC. Subjects were asked to answer CASC twice with 2 weeks interval, and the responses were compared. CASC sleep problem scores were also compared with other sleep questionnaires. Results: CASC sleep problem score showed good correlation between the first and second responses (r=0.787, p<0.001). Parental reports (preschoolers and elementary school children, n=26) were compared with Childrens’ Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and the CASC sleep problem scores showed good correlation with CSHQ total scores (r=0.770, p<0.001). Self reports (high school students, n=19) were compared with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and CASC sleep problem scores showed good correlation with PSQI scores (r=0.599, p=0.007). Conclusion: CASC has its advantage in making cross sectional screening of sleep problems in wide range of ages by using both parental and self report. CASC can be especially useful in interventional or cohort study as this questionnaire allows to use same question items throughout the study period.
M-A-008
DEVELOPMENT OF SLEEP PATTERNS IN CHINESE INFANTS DURING THE FIRST 12 MONTHS OF LIFE
Xiao-na Huang 1 , Hui-shan Wang 1 , Xi-cheng Liu 2 , Jing-xiong Jiang 1 , Lin An 3 . Department of Children Health, National Center for Maternal and Children Health Care, China CDC, China; 2 Bronchoscopy Center, Affiliated Children Hospital of Beijing Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; 3 Department of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China 1
M-A-006
CHANGES IN THE DURATION OF SLOW (11 – 13.5HZ) AND FAST (13.51 – 16HZ) SPINDLES IN ADOLESCENTS
Rebecca Nader 1 , Carlyle Smith 2 , Mark Sabbagh 3 . 1 Trent University/Queen’s University, Canada; 2 Trent University, Canada; 3 Queen’s University, Canada Introduction and Objectives: Spindle durations were compared in younger and older adolescents. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three adolescents (17 female) between the ages of 12 and 18 years were sleep EEG recorded (C3, C4, FZ, PZ) for two consecutive nights at home using a portable monitoring system. Slow (11–13.5Hz) and fast (13.51–16Hz) spindles were counted in Stage 2 sleep using PRANA software. The EEG was filtered for frequencies between 11 and
Introduction and Objectives: This longitudinal research aimed to describe the developmental characteristics of infants’ sleep patterns in household environments during the first 12 months of life. Materials and Methods: 524 healthy term infants from 9 urban districts were enrolled in the study. 24-hour sleep diaries were administered in the following occasions: Day 2-4 after birth, the first 3 consecutive days every week at 2-4 weeks of age, and the first 7 consecutive days every month at 2-12 months old. The age-dependent distribution of sleep variables were analyzed with repeated measures data analysis of variance, and the 1st,