- Email: [email protected]
Magnesium intake and sleep symptoms: Findings from the Jiangsu Nutrition Cohort Study of Chinese adults
116
Abstracts / Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 8 (2017) 60e121
P79 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC MUSCLE AND SUBCUTANEOUS FAT THICKNESS AS A MEASURE OF BODY COMPOSITION AND MUSCLE FUNCTION C. Giezenaar, L. Mignone, C. Rayner, M. Horowitz, I. Chapman, S. Soenen. Discipline of Medicine, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, The University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, SA, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (C. Giezenaar). Background/Aims: Intentional and unintentional weight loss are associated with loss of skeletal muscle. Protein-rich supplements are being used widely to prevent muscle loss. Currently, it is challenging to monitor the efficacy of these nutritional strategies in the community, hospitals and nursing homes. The aim was to determine correlations between local muscle and fat measurements by ultrasonography with whole-body composition and functional capacity outcomes. Methods: Correlations between (i) thickness of biceps brachii and quadriceps muscles and adjacent subcutaneous fat measured by 2D-ultrasonography, (ii) whole-body lean and fat mass measured by Dual-Energy Xray Absorptiometry, and (iii) hand-grip strength and time to perform five repeated chair stands were analysed in 98 individuals; 59 men 39 women, mean ± SD age 59 ± 20 years (range 19-84 years), body weight 77 ± 1 3kg (51-116 kg), BMI 26.8 ± 4.2 kg/m2 (19.0-42.4 kg/m2). Results: Thickness of biceps brachii (2.8 ± 0.1cm) and adjacent fat (0.6 ± 0.04cm) correlated with whole-body lean (50.7 ± 1.5kg) and fat mass (24.2 ± 1.1kg) respectively (r ¼ 0.675, p < 0.001; r ¼ 0.622, p < 0.001). Both biceps brachii thickness and whole-body lean mass correlated with handgrip strength (32.1 ± 1.3 kg, r ¼ 0.638, p < 0.001 and r ¼ 0.838, p < 0.001, respectively). Thickness of quadriceps adjacent fat (1.0 ± 0.06cm) correlated with whole-body fat mass (r ¼ 0.584, p ¼ 0.001). Quadriceps muscle thickness (2.6 ± 0.1cm) did not correlate with whole-body lean mass (r ¼ -0.020, p ¼ 0.858). Quadriceps muscle thickness, but not whole body lean mass, correlated with repeated chair stands (9.4 ± 0.4 s, r ¼ -0.448, p ¼ 0.003; r ¼ -0.014, p ¼ 0.921, respectively). Conclusions: Muscle and fat thickness measured by ultrasound can be considered as a suitable method to assess state of body composition in people with difficulties to measure whole-body composition with traditional Methods, such as frail older individuals and ICU patients. Funding source(s): N/A P80 RESIDENTIAL ALTITUDE AND FISH CONSUMPTION: EFFECT ON SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE IN ELDERLY: MEDIS STUDY CROSSSECTIONAL RESULTS
systolic blood pressure regulator for subjects residing in low but not for subjects in high altitude areas. Funding source(s): Hellenic Heart Foundation, Harokopio University in Athens, Foundation for Education and European Culture (IPEP) P81 A SCOPING REVIEW ON FOOD INSECURITY AMONG OLDER PEOPLE IN RURAL COMMUNITIES E. Ghys, I. Blackberry, R. Winterton. John Richards Initiative, LaTrobe University, VIC, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (E. Ghys). Background/Aims: Nutrition is a key determinant of longevity and healthy ageing. Diet-related diseases account for 11% of the total burden of disease in Australia and significantly increase morbidity and mortality among older people. The aim of this scoping review is to examine evidence on food insecurity among older people living in rural communities. Methods: This scoping review used Arksey and O'Malley's framework (2005). Key databases and grey literatures were searched and contact with international nutrition and dietetic bodies was made. Articles included were written in English, focussed on ageing populations (> 65 years) in non-metropolitan areas and were related to the primary question or subtopics. Results: Malnutrition, chronic diseases and age-related physiological changes are identified as major nutrition issues for the elderly living in rural communities. Malnutrition in older populations living in rural areas is complex and exacerbated by factors that restrict food intake including food insecurity, poor dentition and reduced mobility. Interventions and programs to prevent and improve these issues are documented in the literature. Innovative interventions were examined to identify what constitutes a successful intervention, with comprehensive measurement tools to identify food insecurity and nutrition status in rural elders deemed important. Therefore, measures of nutritional status and food security in older people were reviewed and analysed to establish best practice tools. Conclusions: This review highlights an ongoing and serious issue for rural ageing populations, and identifies best practice measurement tools and innovative interventions to address it. Funding source(s): LaTrobe University P82 MAGNESIUM INTAKE AND SLEEP SYMPTOMS: FINDINGS FROM THE JIANGSU NUTRITION COHORT STUDY OF CHINESE ADULTS
E. Georgousopoulou, N. Naumovski, D.D. Mellor, S. Piscopo, G. Valacchi, N. Tsakountakis, A. Zeimbekis, S. Tyrovolas, V. Bountziouka, D. Panagiotakos. University of Canberra, ACT, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (E. Georgousopoulou).
Y. Cao 1, 2, A.W. Taylor 1, R. Adams 3, S. Appleton 2, 3, Z. Shi 1, 2. 1 Population Research and Outcome Studies, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia; 2 Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, Adelaide, SA, Australia; 3 The Heath Observatory, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (Y. Cao).
Background/Aims: Frequent consumption of fish is associated with decreased SBP levels. Both aging and living at high altitude are associated with significant increases in Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) levels. The aim of this analysis was to examine the potential interaction between fish consumption and high altitude on SBP in elderly cohort. Methods: Mediterranean islands study (MEDIS) recruited 2749 older (aged 65+ years) individuals from 2005-2015. Participants were selected from 21 Mediterranean islands and the rural Mani region (Peloponnesus) of Greece. Dietary habits, energy intake, physical activity status, socio-demographic characteristics and clinical profile aspects (blood pressure) were measured. The altitude of the area was also recorded. Results: In total, 81.5% of the sample resided in areas with altitudes (0-250 m above the sea level) while 18.5% in areas above the 250 m (median altitude). Residents in high altitudes consumed less fish portions (1; IQR 12.5) per week as compared to resident in lower altitudes (2.5; 1-2.5), p < 0.001. In models adjusted for gender, age, smoking, BMI and daily walking time, increased in fish consumption was independent predictor of lower SBP (b ¼ -2.028, p ¼ 0.023), but only for low altitude residents (p ¼ 0.976; higher altitudes). Conclusions: Increased fish consumption was associated with regulating
Background/Aims: Dietary magnesium has been found to improve insomnia symptoms in clinical trials. However, little is known about the role of dietary magnesium in sleep symptoms at the population level. We aimed to investigate the associations between dietary magnesium intake and sleep symptoms over five years among Chinese residents. Methods: Data of 1487 Chinese subjects aged 20 and above at follow up from the Jiangsu Nutrition Study was analysed. Baseline dietary magnesium was measured by 3-day weighed food records. Sleep symptoms including daytime falling asleep, sleepiness and snoring during night were self-reported using a sleep questionnaire at five-year follow up. Logistic/ Poisson regression models were performed for sleep symptoms at follow up with various adjustments. Results: The mean intake of magnesium was 332.5 mg/d. In total, 5.3% of the subjects reported daytime falling asleep, 13.2% reported daytime sleepiness, and 35.7% reported snoring during sleep. Compared with the lowest quartile of magnesium intake, the highest quartile was associated with decreased likelihood of falling asleep in women (OR 0.10; 95%CI: 0.02, 0.53) in women but not in men after adjusting for demographic, anthropometric, lifestyle factors, hypertension and food consumption (fruit, vegetable and meat). No associations were found between dietary
Abstracts / Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 8 (2017) 60e121
magnesium intake and daytime sleepiness nor night snoring in either gender. Conclusions: Dietary magnesium intake may have a long term benefits in reducing the likelihood of daytime falling asleep in women. Funding source(s): N/A P84 VENOUS LEG ULCERS AND EFFECTS OF NURITION AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW G.A. Barber 1, C.D. Weller 2, G. Somers-Jones 1, S.J. Gibson 1. 1 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Clinical Sciences, Australia; 2 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (G.A. Barber). Background/Aims: Venous leg ulcers (VLU) are the most prevalent lower limb ulcer, however there is little evidence regarding the effect of nutritional status on healing. This systematic review aimed to determine nutritional characteristics of patients with VLUs and effect of nutrition interventions on VLU outcomes. Methods: Five databases were searched from January 2004 to November 2015 for studies involving adults with VLUs measuring nutritional interventions or characteristics using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Results: Of 4542 articles, 16 were included in the review. These included cohort, cross-sectional, case-control and quasi-experimental studies. All participants had C5 or C6 (CEAP classification) ulcers in a range of settings with relatively small sample sizes. Included studies reported a range of wound outcomes. The majority of VLU patients were found to be overweight or obese, which was also identified as a factor for delayed wound healing. Vitamin D and folic acid reported some effect on healing. Dietary intake of omega-3, vitamin C and zinc was low for some patients. Most patients consumed adequate protein. The effect of malnutrition on prevalence and recurrence of VLUs had conflicting Results. Conclusions: The current evidence suggests VLU patients are more likely to be overweight or obese. There is low-level evidence that vitamin C, vitamin D and zinc improve healing and being underweight may increase VLU recurrence risk. The available evidence is low quality due to the risk of bias and small sample sizes in the included studies. Further high quality studies are required. Funding source(s): N/A P85 ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN DIETARY SYMPTOMS IN OLDER ADULTS
PATTERNS
AND
DEPRESSIVE
M.J. Hart, C.M. Milte, S. Torres, M.G. Thorpe, S.A. McNaughton. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (M.J. Hart). Background/Aims: Although several studies have examined associations between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms, few have examined these associations in older adults. This study examines associations between past (2010) and current (2014) dietary patterns and depressive symptoms in community dwelling men and women. Methods: Adults aged 55 years and over (n ¼ 4082, 49% men) were recruited into the Wellbeing, Eating and Exercise for a Long Life (WELL) study in Victoria, Australia. Dietary intake was assessed in 2010 and 2014 by a 111-item food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were determined using principal component analysis in 2010 and replicated in 2014. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale in 2014. Associations were assessed using linear regression adjusted for covariates. Results: Two similar dietary patterns were identified in men and women; a healthy pattern characterised by vegetables, fruit and fish and an unhealthy pattern characterised by processed meats and refined grains. In women a higher current and past healthy pattern was associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms (b ¼ -0.260; 95%CI: -0.451, -0.070; and b ¼ -0.201; 95%CI: -0.390, -0.013, respectively). An association
117
between a higher current unhealthy pattern and higher depressive symptoms was also observed also in women (b ¼ 1.367; 95%CI: 0.679, 2.055). There were no associations in men. Conclusions: In older women dietary patterns were associated with depressive symptoms yet these associations were not seen in older men. Interventions are required to further investigate the role of whole diet in depression. Funding source(s): Diabetes Australia Research Trust, ARC P86 ADHERENCE TO MEDITERRANEAN DIET; NOT OLIVE OIL CONSUMPTION ALONE PREDICTS HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IN ELDERLY: THE MEDIS STUDY E. Georgousopoulou 1, N. Naumovski 1, D.D. Mellor 1, S. Piscopo 2, G. Valacchi 4, S. Tyrovolas 3, V. Bountziouka 3, D. Panagiotakos 3, J.A. Tur 2, E. Polychronopoulos 3. 1 University of Canberra, Australia; 2 University of Malta, Malta; 3 Harokopio University, Greece; 4 University of Ferrara, Italy E-mail address: [email protected] (E. Georgousopoulou). Background/Aims: This analysis aimed to compare the role of olive oil consumption with that of Mediterranean diet on their diagnostic value for the presence of hypercholesterolemia. Methods: Mediterranean islands study (MEDIS) recruited 2749 older (over 65 years of age) individuals between 2005-2015. Recruitment occurred from 21 Mediterranean islands and the rural Mani region (Peloponnesus) of Greece. Dietary habits, energy intake, physical activity status, sociodemographic characteristics (altitude in residing area, lifestyle parameters) and clinical profile aspects (including blood lipids) were measured. The level of adherence to Mediterranean diet was assessed using the apriori index MedDietScore and olive oil consumption was assessed with a validated FFQ. The diagnostic value of the food data was assessed using the AUC for the presence of hypercholesterolemia. The p value for the comparison of AUC with 0.5 was performed with Likelihood Ratio test. Results: From diagnostic value of the presence of Hypercholesterolemia, MedDietScore was the only significant diagnostic tool (AUC ¼ 0.547; p ¼ 0.001), but neither the number of olive oil servings per week (AUC ¼ 0.476; p ¼ 0.096), nor the mean calories consumed from of olive oil daily (AUC ¼ 0.492; p ¼ 0.560) were effective diagnostic tools for the presence of Hypercholesterolemia Conclusions: The overall pattern of Mediterranean diet and not individual foods or food-groups, could be responsible for the protection against CVD risk factors. Funding source(s): Hellenic Heart Foundation, Harokopio University in Athens, Foundation for Education and European Culture (IPEP) P101 THE EFFECTS OF L-THEANINE AND EGCG ON PALMITIC ACID INDUCED INFLAMMATION IN MOUSE HYPOTHALAMIC NEURONAL CELL LINES (MHYPOE-N42) D. Sergi 1, L.M. Williams 1, J. Thomas 2, D.D. Mellor 2, N. Naumovski 2. 1 Metabolic Health Group, Rowett Institute of Nutrition, and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK; 2 Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers group, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, ACT, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (D.D. Mellor). Background/Aims: The consumption of long-chain saturated fatty acids induces hypothalamic inflammation associated with insulin and leptin resistance. In contrast, bioactive compounds such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and L-theanine (L-THE) were reported to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study determined the effect of EGCG on mitochondria morphology and L-THE on mitochondrial morphology and the expression of pro-inflammatory markers in cultured hypothalamic neurons (mHypoE-N42) after palmitic acid (PA) challenge. Methods: mHypoE-N42 cells were treated with BSA (50 mM) or PA (200 mM) in the presence or absence of L-THE (50 mM). Semi-quantitative RTPCR was used to assess the expression of IL-6 and TNFa. For mitochondrial morphology, mHypoE-N42 cells were incubated with BSA (50 mM) or PA (200 mM) in the presence or absence of L-THE (50 mM) or EGCG (50 mM).
Abstracts / Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 8 (2017) 60e121
P79 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC MUSCLE AND SUBCUTANEOUS FAT THICKNESS AS A MEASURE OF BODY COMPOSITION AND MUSCLE FUNCTION C. Giezenaar, L. Mignone, C. Rayner, M. Horowitz, I. Chapman, S. Soenen. Discipline of Medicine, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, The University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, SA, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (C. Giezenaar). Background/Aims: Intentional and unintentional weight loss are associated with loss of skeletal muscle. Protein-rich supplements are being used widely to prevent muscle loss. Currently, it is challenging to monitor the efficacy of these nutritional strategies in the community, hospitals and nursing homes. The aim was to determine correlations between local muscle and fat measurements by ultrasonography with whole-body composition and functional capacity outcomes. Methods: Correlations between (i) thickness of biceps brachii and quadriceps muscles and adjacent subcutaneous fat measured by 2D-ultrasonography, (ii) whole-body lean and fat mass measured by Dual-Energy Xray Absorptiometry, and (iii) hand-grip strength and time to perform five repeated chair stands were analysed in 98 individuals; 59 men 39 women, mean ± SD age 59 ± 20 years (range 19-84 years), body weight 77 ± 1 3kg (51-116 kg), BMI 26.8 ± 4.2 kg/m2 (19.0-42.4 kg/m2). Results: Thickness of biceps brachii (2.8 ± 0.1cm) and adjacent fat (0.6 ± 0.04cm) correlated with whole-body lean (50.7 ± 1.5kg) and fat mass (24.2 ± 1.1kg) respectively (r ¼ 0.675, p < 0.001; r ¼ 0.622, p < 0.001). Both biceps brachii thickness and whole-body lean mass correlated with handgrip strength (32.1 ± 1.3 kg, r ¼ 0.638, p < 0.001 and r ¼ 0.838, p < 0.001, respectively). Thickness of quadriceps adjacent fat (1.0 ± 0.06cm) correlated with whole-body fat mass (r ¼ 0.584, p ¼ 0.001). Quadriceps muscle thickness (2.6 ± 0.1cm) did not correlate with whole-body lean mass (r ¼ -0.020, p ¼ 0.858). Quadriceps muscle thickness, but not whole body lean mass, correlated with repeated chair stands (9.4 ± 0.4 s, r ¼ -0.448, p ¼ 0.003; r ¼ -0.014, p ¼ 0.921, respectively). Conclusions: Muscle and fat thickness measured by ultrasound can be considered as a suitable method to assess state of body composition in people with difficulties to measure whole-body composition with traditional Methods, such as frail older individuals and ICU patients. Funding source(s): N/A P80 RESIDENTIAL ALTITUDE AND FISH CONSUMPTION: EFFECT ON SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE IN ELDERLY: MEDIS STUDY CROSSSECTIONAL RESULTS
systolic blood pressure regulator for subjects residing in low but not for subjects in high altitude areas. Funding source(s): Hellenic Heart Foundation, Harokopio University in Athens, Foundation for Education and European Culture (IPEP) P81 A SCOPING REVIEW ON FOOD INSECURITY AMONG OLDER PEOPLE IN RURAL COMMUNITIES E. Ghys, I. Blackberry, R. Winterton. John Richards Initiative, LaTrobe University, VIC, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (E. Ghys). Background/Aims: Nutrition is a key determinant of longevity and healthy ageing. Diet-related diseases account for 11% of the total burden of disease in Australia and significantly increase morbidity and mortality among older people. The aim of this scoping review is to examine evidence on food insecurity among older people living in rural communities. Methods: This scoping review used Arksey and O'Malley's framework (2005). Key databases and grey literatures were searched and contact with international nutrition and dietetic bodies was made. Articles included were written in English, focussed on ageing populations (> 65 years) in non-metropolitan areas and were related to the primary question or subtopics. Results: Malnutrition, chronic diseases and age-related physiological changes are identified as major nutrition issues for the elderly living in rural communities. Malnutrition in older populations living in rural areas is complex and exacerbated by factors that restrict food intake including food insecurity, poor dentition and reduced mobility. Interventions and programs to prevent and improve these issues are documented in the literature. Innovative interventions were examined to identify what constitutes a successful intervention, with comprehensive measurement tools to identify food insecurity and nutrition status in rural elders deemed important. Therefore, measures of nutritional status and food security in older people were reviewed and analysed to establish best practice tools. Conclusions: This review highlights an ongoing and serious issue for rural ageing populations, and identifies best practice measurement tools and innovative interventions to address it. Funding source(s): LaTrobe University P82 MAGNESIUM INTAKE AND SLEEP SYMPTOMS: FINDINGS FROM THE JIANGSU NUTRITION COHORT STUDY OF CHINESE ADULTS
E. Georgousopoulou, N. Naumovski, D.D. Mellor, S. Piscopo, G. Valacchi, N. Tsakountakis, A. Zeimbekis, S. Tyrovolas, V. Bountziouka, D. Panagiotakos. University of Canberra, ACT, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (E. Georgousopoulou).
Y. Cao 1, 2, A.W. Taylor 1, R. Adams 3, S. Appleton 2, 3, Z. Shi 1, 2. 1 Population Research and Outcome Studies, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia; 2 Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, Adelaide, SA, Australia; 3 The Heath Observatory, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (Y. Cao).
Background/Aims: Frequent consumption of fish is associated with decreased SBP levels. Both aging and living at high altitude are associated with significant increases in Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) levels. The aim of this analysis was to examine the potential interaction between fish consumption and high altitude on SBP in elderly cohort. Methods: Mediterranean islands study (MEDIS) recruited 2749 older (aged 65+ years) individuals from 2005-2015. Participants were selected from 21 Mediterranean islands and the rural Mani region (Peloponnesus) of Greece. Dietary habits, energy intake, physical activity status, socio-demographic characteristics and clinical profile aspects (blood pressure) were measured. The altitude of the area was also recorded. Results: In total, 81.5% of the sample resided in areas with altitudes (0-250 m above the sea level) while 18.5% in areas above the 250 m (median altitude). Residents in high altitudes consumed less fish portions (1; IQR 12.5) per week as compared to resident in lower altitudes (2.5; 1-2.5), p < 0.001. In models adjusted for gender, age, smoking, BMI and daily walking time, increased in fish consumption was independent predictor of lower SBP (b ¼ -2.028, p ¼ 0.023), but only for low altitude residents (p ¼ 0.976; higher altitudes). Conclusions: Increased fish consumption was associated with regulating
Background/Aims: Dietary magnesium has been found to improve insomnia symptoms in clinical trials. However, little is known about the role of dietary magnesium in sleep symptoms at the population level. We aimed to investigate the associations between dietary magnesium intake and sleep symptoms over five years among Chinese residents. Methods: Data of 1487 Chinese subjects aged 20 and above at follow up from the Jiangsu Nutrition Study was analysed. Baseline dietary magnesium was measured by 3-day weighed food records. Sleep symptoms including daytime falling asleep, sleepiness and snoring during night were self-reported using a sleep questionnaire at five-year follow up. Logistic/ Poisson regression models were performed for sleep symptoms at follow up with various adjustments. Results: The mean intake of magnesium was 332.5 mg/d. In total, 5.3% of the subjects reported daytime falling asleep, 13.2% reported daytime sleepiness, and 35.7% reported snoring during sleep. Compared with the lowest quartile of magnesium intake, the highest quartile was associated with decreased likelihood of falling asleep in women (OR 0.10; 95%CI: 0.02, 0.53) in women but not in men after adjusting for demographic, anthropometric, lifestyle factors, hypertension and food consumption (fruit, vegetable and meat). No associations were found between dietary
Abstracts / Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 8 (2017) 60e121
magnesium intake and daytime sleepiness nor night snoring in either gender. Conclusions: Dietary magnesium intake may have a long term benefits in reducing the likelihood of daytime falling asleep in women. Funding source(s): N/A P84 VENOUS LEG ULCERS AND EFFECTS OF NURITION AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW G.A. Barber 1, C.D. Weller 2, G. Somers-Jones 1, S.J. Gibson 1. 1 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Clinical Sciences, Australia; 2 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (G.A. Barber). Background/Aims: Venous leg ulcers (VLU) are the most prevalent lower limb ulcer, however there is little evidence regarding the effect of nutritional status on healing. This systematic review aimed to determine nutritional characteristics of patients with VLUs and effect of nutrition interventions on VLU outcomes. Methods: Five databases were searched from January 2004 to November 2015 for studies involving adults with VLUs measuring nutritional interventions or characteristics using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Results: Of 4542 articles, 16 were included in the review. These included cohort, cross-sectional, case-control and quasi-experimental studies. All participants had C5 or C6 (CEAP classification) ulcers in a range of settings with relatively small sample sizes. Included studies reported a range of wound outcomes. The majority of VLU patients were found to be overweight or obese, which was also identified as a factor for delayed wound healing. Vitamin D and folic acid reported some effect on healing. Dietary intake of omega-3, vitamin C and zinc was low for some patients. Most patients consumed adequate protein. The effect of malnutrition on prevalence and recurrence of VLUs had conflicting Results. Conclusions: The current evidence suggests VLU patients are more likely to be overweight or obese. There is low-level evidence that vitamin C, vitamin D and zinc improve healing and being underweight may increase VLU recurrence risk. The available evidence is low quality due to the risk of bias and small sample sizes in the included studies. Further high quality studies are required. Funding source(s): N/A P85 ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN DIETARY SYMPTOMS IN OLDER ADULTS
PATTERNS
AND
DEPRESSIVE
M.J. Hart, C.M. Milte, S. Torres, M.G. Thorpe, S.A. McNaughton. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (M.J. Hart). Background/Aims: Although several studies have examined associations between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms, few have examined these associations in older adults. This study examines associations between past (2010) and current (2014) dietary patterns and depressive symptoms in community dwelling men and women. Methods: Adults aged 55 years and over (n ¼ 4082, 49% men) were recruited into the Wellbeing, Eating and Exercise for a Long Life (WELL) study in Victoria, Australia. Dietary intake was assessed in 2010 and 2014 by a 111-item food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were determined using principal component analysis in 2010 and replicated in 2014. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale in 2014. Associations were assessed using linear regression adjusted for covariates. Results: Two similar dietary patterns were identified in men and women; a healthy pattern characterised by vegetables, fruit and fish and an unhealthy pattern characterised by processed meats and refined grains. In women a higher current and past healthy pattern was associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms (b ¼ -0.260; 95%CI: -0.451, -0.070; and b ¼ -0.201; 95%CI: -0.390, -0.013, respectively). An association
117
between a higher current unhealthy pattern and higher depressive symptoms was also observed also in women (b ¼ 1.367; 95%CI: 0.679, 2.055). There were no associations in men. Conclusions: In older women dietary patterns were associated with depressive symptoms yet these associations were not seen in older men. Interventions are required to further investigate the role of whole diet in depression. Funding source(s): Diabetes Australia Research Trust, ARC P86 ADHERENCE TO MEDITERRANEAN DIET; NOT OLIVE OIL CONSUMPTION ALONE PREDICTS HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IN ELDERLY: THE MEDIS STUDY E. Georgousopoulou 1, N. Naumovski 1, D.D. Mellor 1, S. Piscopo 2, G. Valacchi 4, S. Tyrovolas 3, V. Bountziouka 3, D. Panagiotakos 3, J.A. Tur 2, E. Polychronopoulos 3. 1 University of Canberra, Australia; 2 University of Malta, Malta; 3 Harokopio University, Greece; 4 University of Ferrara, Italy E-mail address: [email protected] (E. Georgousopoulou). Background/Aims: This analysis aimed to compare the role of olive oil consumption with that of Mediterranean diet on their diagnostic value for the presence of hypercholesterolemia. Methods: Mediterranean islands study (MEDIS) recruited 2749 older (over 65 years of age) individuals between 2005-2015. Recruitment occurred from 21 Mediterranean islands and the rural Mani region (Peloponnesus) of Greece. Dietary habits, energy intake, physical activity status, sociodemographic characteristics (altitude in residing area, lifestyle parameters) and clinical profile aspects (including blood lipids) were measured. The level of adherence to Mediterranean diet was assessed using the apriori index MedDietScore and olive oil consumption was assessed with a validated FFQ. The diagnostic value of the food data was assessed using the AUC for the presence of hypercholesterolemia. The p value for the comparison of AUC with 0.5 was performed with Likelihood Ratio test. Results: From diagnostic value of the presence of Hypercholesterolemia, MedDietScore was the only significant diagnostic tool (AUC ¼ 0.547; p ¼ 0.001), but neither the number of olive oil servings per week (AUC ¼ 0.476; p ¼ 0.096), nor the mean calories consumed from of olive oil daily (AUC ¼ 0.492; p ¼ 0.560) were effective diagnostic tools for the presence of Hypercholesterolemia Conclusions: The overall pattern of Mediterranean diet and not individual foods or food-groups, could be responsible for the protection against CVD risk factors. Funding source(s): Hellenic Heart Foundation, Harokopio University in Athens, Foundation for Education and European Culture (IPEP) P101 THE EFFECTS OF L-THEANINE AND EGCG ON PALMITIC ACID INDUCED INFLAMMATION IN MOUSE HYPOTHALAMIC NEURONAL CELL LINES (MHYPOE-N42) D. Sergi 1, L.M. Williams 1, J. Thomas 2, D.D. Mellor 2, N. Naumovski 2. 1 Metabolic Health Group, Rowett Institute of Nutrition, and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK; 2 Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers group, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, ACT, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (D.D. Mellor). Background/Aims: The consumption of long-chain saturated fatty acids induces hypothalamic inflammation associated with insulin and leptin resistance. In contrast, bioactive compounds such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and L-theanine (L-THE) were reported to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study determined the effect of EGCG on mitochondria morphology and L-THE on mitochondrial morphology and the expression of pro-inflammatory markers in cultured hypothalamic neurons (mHypoE-N42) after palmitic acid (PA) challenge. Methods: mHypoE-N42 cells were treated with BSA (50 mM) or PA (200 mM) in the presence or absence of L-THE (50 mM). Semi-quantitative RTPCR was used to assess the expression of IL-6 and TNFa. For mitochondrial morphology, mHypoE-N42 cells were incubated with BSA (50 mM) or PA (200 mM) in the presence or absence of L-THE (50 mM) or EGCG (50 mM).