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Magneto-acoustic oscillations in the fermi surface in aluminium
v. v., and ROMANOV, v. N. Relief capacitance method of ultrasonic intensity measurement. Akwt. Zh., 8, No. 4, p. 415 (1962) The authors investigate the possibility of utilizing the surface relief of liquid/air interface or distortion between two immiscible fluids in the ultrasonic field for measuring the intensity of radiation. The method consists of measuring the capacitance between the liquid surface and a free electrode positioned above it. In the presence of ultrasonic energy the liquid surface rises in proportion to the intensity and changes the capacitance. By constructing a simple cell containing two immiscible fluids, standing waves and acoustic streaming effects are eliminated. Choice of suitable liquid gives good sensitivity and this coupled with its simplicity means that the method is of practical use. (8 figures and 6 references) (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 45) BOGORODTSKII,
ABSTRACTS
BASHLACHEV,
YU. A., et al.
Interferometer with two radiating crystals. Akust. Zh., 8, No. 4, p. 412 (1962) In a mathematical paper the authors suggest a new type of ultrasonic interferorneter with two radiating crystals positioned to face each other. Resolving the peaks at higher frequencies m interferometric measurements in liquid and gases presents considerable difficulties, thus diminishing the accuracy of results. Experimental difficulties associated with resolving halfwave peaks are minimized as in this arrangement the maxima occur at twice the distances, allowing measurements to be made at higher frequencies. The experimental results agree well with theoretical predictions. (1 table, 1 graph, and 5 references) (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 41) p. A., GALKIN, A. A., and PUSHKIN, A. 1. Magneto-acoustic oscillations in the fermi surface in aluminium. Zh. Eksperimental ‘noi i teor, 44, No. 1, p. 71 (1963) Anisotropy of magneto-acoustic oscillations for sound along the principal crystalwave vectors “q” directed lographic: directions “110, ” “100.” and “111” is investigated on aluminium samples at a temperature of 4.2”K and ultrasonic frequencies of 183 MC/S and 223 MC/S in magnetic fields up to 2500 Oe. The results are consistent with the fermi surface for the second zone constructed for aluminium by Harrison on a basis of the model of almost free electrons. They reproduce its sizle and shape and indicate the absence of any sharp intersections on the surface of the second zone. (9 diagrams and 22 references) (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 42) BEZUGLY,,
BLANK,
D.
Influence of working conditions on the rate of stock removal in ultrasonic drilling. Microtecnic, 16, No. 5, D. 189 (1962) The author, after a brief introduction to the subject, describes an experimental drilling machine installation as well as the measuring and calibrating devices. They are used to determine the various factors influencing this process, such as amplitude of vibration, feed rate, pressure, particle size, etc. After many years of ultrasonic drilling applications the laws governing the material removing process are not yet completely understood. Reproducibility of test results to below &So/, is a remarkable achievement, taking into account the many factors involved. This article with its numerous graphs and diagrams should certainly come to the notice of people concerned. (18 figures and 8 references) (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 43) BOGDASAIZOV,
S. M., 621’ d.
Acoustic method of emulsification. Automoblny Dorogi, 25, No. 11, p. 12 (1962) Very substantial economy has been achieved in road construction by using bitumen emulsion prepared by ultrasonics. Cavitation and hydrodynamic forces are utilized to produce the emulsion and a plant working on an industrial scale has been constructed from commercially available components (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 44)
CHRISTTE, D. G.
The distribution of pressure in the sound beams from probes used with ultrasonic flaw detectors. Materials Research, I, No. 2, p. 86 (1962) The paper describes an investigation carried out to determine the distribution of the shape and amplitude of ultrasonic pressure pulses in water. By means of numerous photographs and diagrams the author compares the results with those calculated from continuous wave diffraction theory, assuming that the transducer behaves as an isolated piston source.. From work not described in this paper it is claimed that pressure distribution in beams travelling in other materials such as aluminium is similar to that found in water. It is concluded that the application of wave diffraction theory will show the effective beam patterns produced by commercial flaw detectors, resulting in information which should help to estimate the size and orientation of defects more accurately. (16 figures and 2 references) (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 46) CHRISTIE, D. G.
Diffraction of an ultrasonic beam by artificial defects. Appl.ied Materials Research, 1, No. 3, p. 177 (1962) In order to determine the effect of orientation of both long, narrow and disc-shaped flaws on the diffraction of ultrasound, an experimental investigation was carried out in water to simulate the conditions experienced in practice. The angular distribution of reflected energy was measured and was found to be in agreement with the results calculated from the FraunhGfer diffraction theory. (8 figures and 5 references) (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 47) CUTTLER,
G. 1~.
The ultrasonic pig grader. Ind. Electronics 1, p. 3 (1962) Layers of fat and lean meat on a live pig or a carcass can be measured with an accuracy better than 1 ‘A. A grader is described whisch uses a pair of transducers, one acting as a receiver, the other as transmitter, which are mounted in a single probe. Detachable graticules with different scales are provided to meet different needs. (3 figures and 4 photographs) (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 48) FINAGIN,
B. A.
On static deformation of piezocrystal plates vibrating with a resonance frequency. Akust. Zh., 8, No. 4, p. 454 (1962) Innumerable works have been published on the activity of piezoelectric crystals at resonance. By polishing and plating the crystal and using it as one of the mirrors in a Michelson interferometer the author investigates the static deformation of crystals at resonance. It is proved that the static deformation ;is due to resonance effect and not to other factors such as electric fields. It is possible to predict the elastic limits at a given frequency and thus avoid the destruction of the crystal. (1 table, 5 photographs and 12 references) (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 49)
uLTRAsoNIcs/Apfiz-June
1963
ABSTRAC’IS
5
ABSTRACTS
BASHLACHEV,
YU. A., et al.
Interferometer with two radiating crystals. Akust. Zh., 8, No. 4, p. 412 (1962) In a mathematical paper the authors suggest a new type of ultrasonic interferorneter with two radiating crystals positioned to face each other. Resolving the peaks at higher frequencies m interferometric measurements in liquid and gases presents considerable difficulties, thus diminishing the accuracy of results. Experimental difficulties associated with resolving halfwave peaks are minimized as in this arrangement the maxima occur at twice the distances, allowing measurements to be made at higher frequencies. The experimental results agree well with theoretical predictions. (1 table, 1 graph, and 5 references) (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 41) p. A., GALKIN, A. A., and PUSHKIN, A. 1. Magneto-acoustic oscillations in the fermi surface in aluminium. Zh. Eksperimental ‘noi i teor, 44, No. 1, p. 71 (1963) Anisotropy of magneto-acoustic oscillations for sound along the principal crystalwave vectors “q” directed lographic: directions “110, ” “100.” and “111” is investigated on aluminium samples at a temperature of 4.2”K and ultrasonic frequencies of 183 MC/S and 223 MC/S in magnetic fields up to 2500 Oe. The results are consistent with the fermi surface for the second zone constructed for aluminium by Harrison on a basis of the model of almost free electrons. They reproduce its sizle and shape and indicate the absence of any sharp intersections on the surface of the second zone. (9 diagrams and 22 references) (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 42) BEZUGLY,,
BLANK,
D.
Influence of working conditions on the rate of stock removal in ultrasonic drilling. Microtecnic, 16, No. 5, D. 189 (1962) The author, after a brief introduction to the subject, describes an experimental drilling machine installation as well as the measuring and calibrating devices. They are used to determine the various factors influencing this process, such as amplitude of vibration, feed rate, pressure, particle size, etc. After many years of ultrasonic drilling applications the laws governing the material removing process are not yet completely understood. Reproducibility of test results to below &So/, is a remarkable achievement, taking into account the many factors involved. This article with its numerous graphs and diagrams should certainly come to the notice of people concerned. (18 figures and 8 references) (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 43) BOGDASAIZOV,
S. M., 621’ d.
Acoustic method of emulsification. Automoblny Dorogi, 25, No. 11, p. 12 (1962) Very substantial economy has been achieved in road construction by using bitumen emulsion prepared by ultrasonics. Cavitation and hydrodynamic forces are utilized to produce the emulsion and a plant working on an industrial scale has been constructed from commercially available components (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 44)
CHRISTTE, D. G.
The distribution of pressure in the sound beams from probes used with ultrasonic flaw detectors. Materials Research, I, No. 2, p. 86 (1962) The paper describes an investigation carried out to determine the distribution of the shape and amplitude of ultrasonic pressure pulses in water. By means of numerous photographs and diagrams the author compares the results with those calculated from continuous wave diffraction theory, assuming that the transducer behaves as an isolated piston source.. From work not described in this paper it is claimed that pressure distribution in beams travelling in other materials such as aluminium is similar to that found in water. It is concluded that the application of wave diffraction theory will show the effective beam patterns produced by commercial flaw detectors, resulting in information which should help to estimate the size and orientation of defects more accurately. (16 figures and 2 references) (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 46) CHRISTIE, D. G.
Diffraction of an ultrasonic beam by artificial defects. Appl.ied Materials Research, 1, No. 3, p. 177 (1962) In order to determine the effect of orientation of both long, narrow and disc-shaped flaws on the diffraction of ultrasound, an experimental investigation was carried out in water to simulate the conditions experienced in practice. The angular distribution of reflected energy was measured and was found to be in agreement with the results calculated from the FraunhGfer diffraction theory. (8 figures and 5 references) (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 47) CUTTLER,
G. 1~.
The ultrasonic pig grader. Ind. Electronics 1, p. 3 (1962) Layers of fat and lean meat on a live pig or a carcass can be measured with an accuracy better than 1 ‘A. A grader is described whisch uses a pair of transducers, one acting as a receiver, the other as transmitter, which are mounted in a single probe. Detachable graticules with different scales are provided to meet different needs. (3 figures and 4 photographs) (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 48) FINAGIN,
B. A.
On static deformation of piezocrystal plates vibrating with a resonance frequency. Akust. Zh., 8, No. 4, p. 454 (1962) Innumerable works have been published on the activity of piezoelectric crystals at resonance. By polishing and plating the crystal and using it as one of the mirrors in a Michelson interferometer the author investigates the static deformation of crystals at resonance. It is proved that the static deformation ;is due to resonance effect and not to other factors such as electric fields. It is possible to predict the elastic limits at a given frequency and thus avoid the destruction of the crystal. (1 table, 5 photographs and 12 references) (Ultrasonics 1963, abstract 49)
uLTRAsoNIcs/Apfiz-June
1963
ABSTRAC’IS
5