- Email: [email protected]
Major-minor accident ratios in the construction industry
ish _lournal of Industrial Medicine. October 1985, 42(10), 656-666. A standardized method called job load and hazard analysis for workplace investigations incorporates the stress-strain model, hazarddanger model, and risk behavior theory. It includes four stages: identification of hazards, evaluation, conclusions/proposals, and follotvup. Hazard identification includes chemical and physical hazards, physical load, mental stress, and accident risk. Hazards and stresses are analyzed by wav of observation, personal interview, or questionnaire; teams evaluate the findings, and health care personnel submit proposals to alleviate the hazards and improve the working environment and worker’s health.
Long-Term Mortality Study VVorkers: V. Comparison of Before, During, and After (I940-1945) with a Discussion of Study Designs on Cohort
of Oil Refinery Workers Hired World War II of the Impact Results. C. P.
Wen, S. P. Tsai, and N. S. Weiss, American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 1986, 9(2), 171-180. Mortality studies based on a historical prospective of a group of oil refinery workers divided into subgroups according to hire dates (before, during, or after WWII) revealed the following information. Two thirds of the deaths occurred in the workers fired before 1940; the 1940-1945 group has a substantial and unique mortality rate from such causes as accidents, suicide, and homicide, as well as increases in cancers of the pancreas, prostate, and leukemia, and their alcoholism-related deaths were five times higher. The postCVVVII group was greatest in number, but only had 5% of the deaths. Results of this study indicate studies based on time of hire may be the best way of controlling time-related exposure differences.
~~ajor-Minor Accident Ratios in the Construction Industry. R. K. Hubbard, fotrrnal
of Occupational 7(4), 225-23 7.
130
Accidents,
February 1986,
Using the Thames Barrier construction site as an example, this paper analyzes accident rates and ratios. Of the 5,000 accidents betvveen 1980 and 19S2 reviewed. only 3% resuited in major injuries. Data from other construction sites lvere also studied to determine the broader applicability of the information received. Further, application of these data can be used to reduce future accident rates by undertaking specified safety programs.
Measures Handling
for Reducing Hazards in the of Chemicals. A. B. Antonsson,
International Symposium (IOth), on the Preoention of Occupational Accidents iLDiseases, June 10-12, 1985. Frankjurt, ‘IVe.ytGermane. In the chemical industry the handling of toxic chemicals when unpacking shipments, manual charging, vveighing, or packing create the biggest hazards. The author discusses this as well as other ergonomic problems such as heasy lifting and poor working posture and suggests measures to stop emission and dispersion and to prevent inhalation of materials. “hleasure Sheets” are presented which contain basic, practical information on the handling solutions for specific materials.
The National Football Head and Neck Injury Registry: 1CYear Report on Cervical Quadriplegia, I971 Through 1984. f. S. Torg, J. 1.
Vegso, and B. Sennett, iourna~ of the American Medical Asson’ation, 27 December 1985, 254(24), 3439-3443. Studies of cervical spine injuries in football show axial loads on the spine as the main cause of these injuries. Implementing rule changes forbidding “spearing” and the use of the head in tackling has led to a significant decrease in these injuries. Axial loads to the spine may also be responsible for cervical injuries in diving, rugby, ice hockey, and gymnastics. iModifying equipment and playing techniques in these sports may lead to a decrease in cervical spine injuries here as well.
jo21rnuZofSafety Research
Long-Term Mortality Study VVorkers: V. Comparison of Before, During, and After (I940-1945) with a Discussion of Study Designs on Cohort
of Oil Refinery Workers Hired World War II of the Impact Results. C. P.
Wen, S. P. Tsai, and N. S. Weiss, American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 1986, 9(2), 171-180. Mortality studies based on a historical prospective of a group of oil refinery workers divided into subgroups according to hire dates (before, during, or after WWII) revealed the following information. Two thirds of the deaths occurred in the workers fired before 1940; the 1940-1945 group has a substantial and unique mortality rate from such causes as accidents, suicide, and homicide, as well as increases in cancers of the pancreas, prostate, and leukemia, and their alcoholism-related deaths were five times higher. The postCVVVII group was greatest in number, but only had 5% of the deaths. Results of this study indicate studies based on time of hire may be the best way of controlling time-related exposure differences.
~~ajor-Minor Accident Ratios in the Construction Industry. R. K. Hubbard, fotrrnal
of Occupational 7(4), 225-23 7.
130
Accidents,
February 1986,
Using the Thames Barrier construction site as an example, this paper analyzes accident rates and ratios. Of the 5,000 accidents betvveen 1980 and 19S2 reviewed. only 3% resuited in major injuries. Data from other construction sites lvere also studied to determine the broader applicability of the information received. Further, application of these data can be used to reduce future accident rates by undertaking specified safety programs.
Measures Handling
for Reducing Hazards in the of Chemicals. A. B. Antonsson,
International Symposium (IOth), on the Preoention of Occupational Accidents iLDiseases, June 10-12, 1985. Frankjurt, ‘IVe.ytGermane. In the chemical industry the handling of toxic chemicals when unpacking shipments, manual charging, vveighing, or packing create the biggest hazards. The author discusses this as well as other ergonomic problems such as heasy lifting and poor working posture and suggests measures to stop emission and dispersion and to prevent inhalation of materials. “hleasure Sheets” are presented which contain basic, practical information on the handling solutions for specific materials.
The National Football Head and Neck Injury Registry: 1CYear Report on Cervical Quadriplegia, I971 Through 1984. f. S. Torg, J. 1.
Vegso, and B. Sennett, iourna~ of the American Medical Asson’ation, 27 December 1985, 254(24), 3439-3443. Studies of cervical spine injuries in football show axial loads on the spine as the main cause of these injuries. Implementing rule changes forbidding “spearing” and the use of the head in tackling has led to a significant decrease in these injuries. Axial loads to the spine may also be responsible for cervical injuries in diving, rugby, ice hockey, and gymnastics. iModifying equipment and playing techniques in these sports may lead to a decrease in cervical spine injuries here as well.
jo21rnuZofSafety Research