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Management of foreign market entry
Scandinavian International Business Review 1,3 2
International Business Research: Issues and Trends Dharma Sharma International Business, Internationalization, Networks, Transnationals Presents an overview of the history of international business research on: international trade flows; forces towards internationalization; transnational companies and networks. Management of Foreign Market Entry Jan Johanson and Jan-Erik Vahlne Case Studies, International Marketing, Networks, Sweden Starting from the view that foreign market entry is a walk out into the unknown, explores some issues related to its management and suggests ideas for dealing with them -- based on research findings about exchange networks in business and two case studies. One case is about an innovation and is presented in order to stress some aspects of the walk out into the unknown. Technological Development through Subcontracting Linkages: Evidence from Singapore Poh-Kam Wong Developing Countries, Multinationals, Singapore, Technology Transfer The local subcontracting network established by MNCs in developing countries represents a potential important source of technology transfer for local firms. Develops a conceptual framework for identifying technological development processes induced through such subcontracting networks, and presents empirical evidence from Singapore. Subsidiary Influence and Autonomy in International Firms Mats Forsgren and Cecilia Pahlberg International Business, Networks, Parent Companies, Subsidiaries, Sweden Focuses on the possibilities for subsidiaries in Swedish international firms to influence the long-term strategic behaviour of the divisions/firms to which they belong. Assumes such possibilities can be related
to the business networks in which they are embedded. Claims that the power bases of a subsidiary can have two sources: structural power, stressing the functional interdependence and analysed as business networks, and resource power related to degree of independence and autonomy. Argues that while network position can affect a subsidiary's possibilities of influencing strategic behaviour, resource independence is more connected to the possibilities to function autonomously and thus to avoid control from higher levels. Tests relationships between the concepts of network position, influence, resource independence and autonomy, using material from six divisions in the four Swedish international firms ASSI, SCA, Sandvik and Ericsson.
Managing Networking Gordon Wills Alliances, Business Development, Networking Business alliances are ongoing formal relationships between two or more independent organizations to achieve common goals. An examination of four basic theories helps to identify the applicable constructs in understanding the nature and properties of alliances. Towards a Theory of Business Alliance Formation Jagdish N. Sheth and AIul Parvatiyar Business Development, Competition, Co-operation, Organizational Theory Attempts to develop a theory of competitive and collaborative business alliances. The business alliances formation can be explained based on two dimensions: purpose of, and parties to -- these two dimensions are measurable indicators of uncertainty and trust that have been the underlying determinants of other theories of external relationships of firms. Purpose of the alliance is dichotomized into strategic versus operations. Strategic purpose reflects higher level of uncertainty than the operations level. Parties to alliance is dichotomized into competitors and noncompetitors. The dichotomous levels of purpose and parties produce four types of business alliances: cartel, co-operatives, competitor alliances, and collaborative ventures. Each of these alliances have unique characteristics based on twelve organizational properties identified with strategic, operations, competitor and non-competitor levels.
International Business Research: Issues and Trends Dharma Sharma International Business, Internationalization, Networks, Transnationals Presents an overview of the history of international business research on: international trade flows; forces towards internationalization; transnational companies and networks. Management of Foreign Market Entry Jan Johanson and Jan-Erik Vahlne Case Studies, International Marketing, Networks, Sweden Starting from the view that foreign market entry is a walk out into the unknown, explores some issues related to its management and suggests ideas for dealing with them -- based on research findings about exchange networks in business and two case studies. One case is about an innovation and is presented in order to stress some aspects of the walk out into the unknown. Technological Development through Subcontracting Linkages: Evidence from Singapore Poh-Kam Wong Developing Countries, Multinationals, Singapore, Technology Transfer The local subcontracting network established by MNCs in developing countries represents a potential important source of technology transfer for local firms. Develops a conceptual framework for identifying technological development processes induced through such subcontracting networks, and presents empirical evidence from Singapore. Subsidiary Influence and Autonomy in International Firms Mats Forsgren and Cecilia Pahlberg International Business, Networks, Parent Companies, Subsidiaries, Sweden Focuses on the possibilities for subsidiaries in Swedish international firms to influence the long-term strategic behaviour of the divisions/firms to which they belong. Assumes such possibilities can be related
to the business networks in which they are embedded. Claims that the power bases of a subsidiary can have two sources: structural power, stressing the functional interdependence and analysed as business networks, and resource power related to degree of independence and autonomy. Argues that while network position can affect a subsidiary's possibilities of influencing strategic behaviour, resource independence is more connected to the possibilities to function autonomously and thus to avoid control from higher levels. Tests relationships between the concepts of network position, influence, resource independence and autonomy, using material from six divisions in the four Swedish international firms ASSI, SCA, Sandvik and Ericsson.
Managing Networking Gordon Wills Alliances, Business Development, Networking Business alliances are ongoing formal relationships between two or more independent organizations to achieve common goals. An examination of four basic theories helps to identify the applicable constructs in understanding the nature and properties of alliances. Towards a Theory of Business Alliance Formation Jagdish N. Sheth and AIul Parvatiyar Business Development, Competition, Co-operation, Organizational Theory Attempts to develop a theory of competitive and collaborative business alliances. The business alliances formation can be explained based on two dimensions: purpose of, and parties to -- these two dimensions are measurable indicators of uncertainty and trust that have been the underlying determinants of other theories of external relationships of firms. Purpose of the alliance is dichotomized into strategic versus operations. Strategic purpose reflects higher level of uncertainty than the operations level. Parties to alliance is dichotomized into competitors and noncompetitors. The dichotomous levels of purpose and parties produce four types of business alliances: cartel, co-operatives, competitor alliances, and collaborative ventures. Each of these alliances have unique characteristics based on twelve organizational properties identified with strategic, operations, competitor and non-competitor levels.