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Manufacture of pistons
New Patents
ii
10+ L A) to bring the elements (+ B 36,37+ L ) of the kinematic support ( + B 35+ L ) into proximity and to bring the coupling elements ( + B 21,26+L) into proximity. The operating member (+ B 41 + L ) is then rotated to connect the coupling elements (+ B 21,26+ L ) and establish engagement of the kinematic support (+ B 35+L). Thereafter the head (+B lO+L ) can be moved to remove the tool ( + B 12+ L ) from the magazine (+B 16+L ).6+L).
4653360 CNC TURNING MACHINE Ronald E Compton assigned to The Cross Company
A piston is formed in two parts. The main part is formed by gravity die casting from aluminum or aluminum alloy and a second part of the piston is formed by a squeezecasting process to produce a material which is stronger and more resistant than the gravity die cast aluminum or aluminum alloy. At least one piston ring groove is formed in the second part. The two parts are then electron beam welded together to form the complete piston. The squeeze cast portion may be reinforced with whiskers or fibres to further improve its properties. This method of construction has the benefit that only the minimum amount of the piston is formed by the more expensiveand timeconsuming squeeze casting process so that parts of the piston which do not require the improved properties given by squeeze casting are simply gravity die cast. This is of particular benefit in large diesel pistons.
A turning machine is characterized by a new and improved control and mechanism for positioning the turning tool on the head. A CNC control issues command signals for selectively positioning the tool on the head. These signals are developed from an encoder which provides the instantaneous position of the rotating part being turned and from a program in the CNC containing information about the part. A closed loop control system receives these command signals and converts same into a control current for a linear motor which is the prime mover controlling the positioning of the tool on the head. The linear motor operates a carriage on the head and the cutting tool mounts on the carriage opposite the connection of the linear motor to the carriage. The carriage is a hollow bar guided on the head by sets of rollers which are cooperativelyarranged to provide yieldably forceful constraint of the bar. The rolling action of the bar on the head provides a low friction, low inertia construction enabling rapid response to CNC commands. The head also contains various sensors providing position and velocity feedback information for use by the closed loop control. The closed loop control contains various circuit components organized and arranged to provide fast and faithful response to command signals. The machine has the ability to accurately turn complex parts where position information is being rapidly updated, often in the tens of kilohertz frequency range. Different parts can be turned by merely changing the CNC program.
4652276
4654954
HIGH TOUGHNESS SILICON NITRIDE CUTTING TOOLS
MACHINE TOOLS
4651631 MANUFACTURE OF PISTONS Jean-Claude Avezou, Poitiers, France assigned to AE Pic
Stephen Burden assigned to GTE Valeron Corporation A silicon nitride cutting tool primarily for cutting cast iron comprises a granular phase consisting essentially of silicon nitride and an intergranular amorphous phase consisting essentially of magnesium oxide, yttrium oxide and silicon oxide wherein the components are present in specified amounts and ratios.
Michael Bayes, Waite Coulthard, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom assigned to British Aerospace Public Limited Company; Marwin Production Machines Limit A tool handling system for tools 5 of the type having a machining portion and a common base portion 9 (e.g. an international taper) for being engaged by the drive spindle of a workhead, said system being adapted for storing said tools and for moving a selected tool to a transfer station,
ii
10+ L A) to bring the elements (+ B 36,37+ L ) of the kinematic support ( + B 35+ L ) into proximity and to bring the coupling elements ( + B 21,26+L) into proximity. The operating member (+ B 41 + L ) is then rotated to connect the coupling elements (+ B 21,26+ L ) and establish engagement of the kinematic support (+ B 35+L). Thereafter the head (+B lO+L ) can be moved to remove the tool ( + B 12+ L ) from the magazine (+B 16+L ).6+L).
4653360 CNC TURNING MACHINE Ronald E Compton assigned to The Cross Company
A piston is formed in two parts. The main part is formed by gravity die casting from aluminum or aluminum alloy and a second part of the piston is formed by a squeezecasting process to produce a material which is stronger and more resistant than the gravity die cast aluminum or aluminum alloy. At least one piston ring groove is formed in the second part. The two parts are then electron beam welded together to form the complete piston. The squeeze cast portion may be reinforced with whiskers or fibres to further improve its properties. This method of construction has the benefit that only the minimum amount of the piston is formed by the more expensiveand timeconsuming squeeze casting process so that parts of the piston which do not require the improved properties given by squeeze casting are simply gravity die cast. This is of particular benefit in large diesel pistons.
A turning machine is characterized by a new and improved control and mechanism for positioning the turning tool on the head. A CNC control issues command signals for selectively positioning the tool on the head. These signals are developed from an encoder which provides the instantaneous position of the rotating part being turned and from a program in the CNC containing information about the part. A closed loop control system receives these command signals and converts same into a control current for a linear motor which is the prime mover controlling the positioning of the tool on the head. The linear motor operates a carriage on the head and the cutting tool mounts on the carriage opposite the connection of the linear motor to the carriage. The carriage is a hollow bar guided on the head by sets of rollers which are cooperativelyarranged to provide yieldably forceful constraint of the bar. The rolling action of the bar on the head provides a low friction, low inertia construction enabling rapid response to CNC commands. The head also contains various sensors providing position and velocity feedback information for use by the closed loop control. The closed loop control contains various circuit components organized and arranged to provide fast and faithful response to command signals. The machine has the ability to accurately turn complex parts where position information is being rapidly updated, often in the tens of kilohertz frequency range. Different parts can be turned by merely changing the CNC program.
4652276
4654954
HIGH TOUGHNESS SILICON NITRIDE CUTTING TOOLS
MACHINE TOOLS
4651631 MANUFACTURE OF PISTONS Jean-Claude Avezou, Poitiers, France assigned to AE Pic
Stephen Burden assigned to GTE Valeron Corporation A silicon nitride cutting tool primarily for cutting cast iron comprises a granular phase consisting essentially of silicon nitride and an intergranular amorphous phase consisting essentially of magnesium oxide, yttrium oxide and silicon oxide wherein the components are present in specified amounts and ratios.
Michael Bayes, Waite Coulthard, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom assigned to British Aerospace Public Limited Company; Marwin Production Machines Limit A tool handling system for tools 5 of the type having a machining portion and a common base portion 9 (e.g. an international taper) for being engaged by the drive spindle of a workhead, said system being adapted for storing said tools and for moving a selected tool to a transfer station,