- Email: [email protected]
MARCH AT HOME AND ABROAD.
1139
impairment of vision; the remaining children during treatment or were lost sight of. Food Inspectiort. The milk-supply of London continues to receive careful -supervision by the Council’s officers. The registers of -cowhouses, dairies, and milkshops are frequently revised, and the sanitary condition of these places is kept under
there was .either died
little warmer. Both places had rain on 23 days, the respective falls being 2 12 in. at Nottingham, 0 52 in. more than the average, and as much as 4’01 in. at Bath, an amount exceeding the normal by 2-49 in. At Buxton the mean maximum temperature was 44° and the mean minimum 34°, while the rainfall reached 5’80 in. divided between 28 days. Of the three inland places Bath was the most sunny, getting 92 hours, against 67 hours at Nottingham and All the figures were much below 71 hours at Buxton. the normal, that at Nottingham showing a deficit as great as 49 hours, or more than one and a half hours per day. The south coast, as represented by Brighton, was between 20 and 30 warmer than London both before and after sunrise, while Newquay, in the extreme southwest, was a little warmer than Brighton. Both resorts were rainy. At Brighton rain fell on 23 days and yielded a total of 4’ 57 in., an excess on the normal of 2. 85 in. ; and Newquay, with rain on 26 days, had an aggregate of 5’ 12 in., or 2- 78 in. more than the average. Newquay was the brighter spot, recording 117 hours of sunshine, less than half an hour per day below the March normal; at Brighton the total amounted to only 104 hours, being nearly 30 hours less than the average. At Torquay the sun’s record was 11 hours higher than at Newquay.
The cows in the London cowsheds are examined by the veterinary inspector with a ’view of detecting animals affected wjth tuberculosis. In the course of the year six inspections of all the cows in the London cowsheds were made, with the result that 22 cows were slaughtered because of the existence of tuberculosis of the udder. The carcasses were destroyed and statutory compensation was paid to the owners. Under Part 4 of ’their General Powers Act the Council is authorised to deal with tuberculous milk. Under these powers the inspectors take samples from churns of milk consigned from the country to the London railway termini, and these are submitted for examination to the Lister Institute. Whenever the examination proves the existence of tubercle bacilli in the milk a clinical examination of the cows at the dairy farm concerned is made by a veterinary inspector, and cows found to have tuberculous udders are certified to be dealt Abroad. with under the Dairy and Cowsheds Order. During the year The western and central countries of the continent shared ’2991 samples of milk were examined, of which 8’ 4 per cent. in the dull, wet weather, although their rain was not so were returned as tuberculous, the proportion thus returned in the preceding year having been 10’ 4 per cent. frequent as in some parts of England. At Paris 21 days gave more or less rain, and the whole 31 days could give no Cleansing of Persons Act. more than 88 hours of sunshine, only five hours more than at Particular attention has been paid during the year Kew. As a rule, the rain was slight and the aggregate was to the administration of the Cleansing of Persons Act no than 2 - 36 in. As is nearly always the case in higher of 1897, and of the powers conferred by the cleansing March, Paris was warmer than London, its temperature Associated with sections of the General Powers Acts. being between 3° and 4° higher. Really warm days were this work is the inquiry into the seasonal prevalence of few. Almost all the maximum readings were some way flies and of particular kinds of vermin, and the comparison very below 600 until the 30th, when the thermometer rose to 620, of this prevalence with the incidence of certain contagious followed by 690 on the 31st. Brussels had more rain than diseases. This subject was dealt with in detail in the report the total, falling on 26 days, amounting to 4-47 in., London, for 1909, and was again referred to in the report for 1911, while the mean temperature was practically the same when a diagram was inserted showing the relationship as at At Berlin both during the day and night. Kew, between prevalence of flies and diarrhoea mortality. the temperature was about equal to that in the English (To be concluded.) From the midlands, although frost was more rare. 4th to the 17th rain fell almost daily and altogether 21 days were rainy, giving a total of 3’03 in. On the Riviera a few days were very wet, but most of the month MARCH AT HOME AND ABROAD. proved fine and bright, and on many days the temperature At Nice the mean maximum was as rose to 600 and above. At Home. as 580. The mean minimum, however, was a little high in this is the which MARCH, country generally among very lower than at Jersey and the Scilly Isles, the figure being ’driest periods of the year, proved a striking exception to the 420. At Biarritz the weather was very wet and often very rule. Very few days (or nights) passed without more or less gales from the westward occurring frequently. On as tain, and the sunshine was much below average. The wind rough, as 23 days a measurable quantity of rain was experimany nearly always came from some mild point of the compass, enced, and the aggregate was as large as 6’ 76 in. Day after usually from south-west or west, with the result that day was either very cloudy or entirely overcast, but with the frost was seldom experienced, and the temperature was wind from the south-west or west the was never generally high for the time of year. The first fortnightI low, and the mean for the month wastemperature about the same as at was, however, considerably milder than the last, and Nice. As at Paris and in this country a great rise of tempera’the mean temperature for the whole month worked out ture occurred at the end of the month, the 31st bringing - at between 1° and 30 above the average. At the Kew a maximum as as 770. Over the greater part of Italy bservator9, which may be taken to represent the metro- the weather washigh warmer than on the Riviera, although rain area and Home the mean maximum the Counties, politan was more common. Some sharp falls were general early in ’temperature of the afternoons was a trifle below 500. or the month, and after the 15th very few days were dry. At 10 above the normal, while the mean minimum of the Rome rain fell on 13 days, with a total of 2 - 77 in. The was 10 also above the normal. mights Exceptionally mean maximum temperature was fairly high, exceeding that 36°, warm days for March were rare ; on the 12th the thermoat Nice by 30, and a similar difference was shown by the meter touched 570, but failed to rise so high again until the minimum thermometer. Down at Madeira the month was when it reached of the 630. low .31st, genial figure Very almost continuously fine. Only three days brought rain, omaxima were equally rare ; on the 9th there was no higher while the temperature, very equable, had a mean of 64° than and maximum on the 20th the was 40°, 390, reading The highest the afternoon and 540 at night. ’but on all the other days the figure ranged above 450. during recorded was 70° on the 16th, and the lowest 50° reading Frost in the air occurred on only seven nights, although on the 5th and 9th. ground frost was naturally much more frequent. A normal March gives 13 days with rain, yielding a total of 1-59 in., VITAL STATISTICS. but last month the number of rainy days was 27 and the The rain was, nevertheless, .aggregate fall 3 88 in. HEALTH OF ENGLISH TOWBTS. seldom heavy, and the greatest amount within 24 hours ’was 0’72 in. on the 8th. IN the 97 English and Welsh towns 9011 births and 5630 As many as nine days were were registered during the week ended Saturday, - entirely sunless, and several others afforded but an deaths4th. The annual rate of mortality in these towns, occasional gleam, with the result that the total duration for April - the month was no more than 83 hours, against an average which had been 15-4, 15-2, and 16-5 per 1000 in the three preweeks, declined to 16’2 per 1000 in the week under ,of 109 hours. The Midlands and Western Midlands differed ceding notice. During the 13 weeks of last quarter the mean annual little- from London in the temperature. Nottingham was death-rate in these towns averaged 16’,4, against 16’1 per 1000 :about 20 colder both during the day and night, and Bath a in London during the same period. Among the several towns
observation.
periodically
impairment of vision; the remaining children during treatment or were lost sight of. Food Inspectiort. The milk-supply of London continues to receive careful -supervision by the Council’s officers. The registers of -cowhouses, dairies, and milkshops are frequently revised, and the sanitary condition of these places is kept under
there was .either died
little warmer. Both places had rain on 23 days, the respective falls being 2 12 in. at Nottingham, 0 52 in. more than the average, and as much as 4’01 in. at Bath, an amount exceeding the normal by 2-49 in. At Buxton the mean maximum temperature was 44° and the mean minimum 34°, while the rainfall reached 5’80 in. divided between 28 days. Of the three inland places Bath was the most sunny, getting 92 hours, against 67 hours at Nottingham and All the figures were much below 71 hours at Buxton. the normal, that at Nottingham showing a deficit as great as 49 hours, or more than one and a half hours per day. The south coast, as represented by Brighton, was between 20 and 30 warmer than London both before and after sunrise, while Newquay, in the extreme southwest, was a little warmer than Brighton. Both resorts were rainy. At Brighton rain fell on 23 days and yielded a total of 4’ 57 in., an excess on the normal of 2. 85 in. ; and Newquay, with rain on 26 days, had an aggregate of 5’ 12 in., or 2- 78 in. more than the average. Newquay was the brighter spot, recording 117 hours of sunshine, less than half an hour per day below the March normal; at Brighton the total amounted to only 104 hours, being nearly 30 hours less than the average. At Torquay the sun’s record was 11 hours higher than at Newquay.
The cows in the London cowsheds are examined by the veterinary inspector with a ’view of detecting animals affected wjth tuberculosis. In the course of the year six inspections of all the cows in the London cowsheds were made, with the result that 22 cows were slaughtered because of the existence of tuberculosis of the udder. The carcasses were destroyed and statutory compensation was paid to the owners. Under Part 4 of ’their General Powers Act the Council is authorised to deal with tuberculous milk. Under these powers the inspectors take samples from churns of milk consigned from the country to the London railway termini, and these are submitted for examination to the Lister Institute. Whenever the examination proves the existence of tubercle bacilli in the milk a clinical examination of the cows at the dairy farm concerned is made by a veterinary inspector, and cows found to have tuberculous udders are certified to be dealt Abroad. with under the Dairy and Cowsheds Order. During the year The western and central countries of the continent shared ’2991 samples of milk were examined, of which 8’ 4 per cent. in the dull, wet weather, although their rain was not so were returned as tuberculous, the proportion thus returned in the preceding year having been 10’ 4 per cent. frequent as in some parts of England. At Paris 21 days gave more or less rain, and the whole 31 days could give no Cleansing of Persons Act. more than 88 hours of sunshine, only five hours more than at Particular attention has been paid during the year Kew. As a rule, the rain was slight and the aggregate was to the administration of the Cleansing of Persons Act no than 2 - 36 in. As is nearly always the case in higher of 1897, and of the powers conferred by the cleansing March, Paris was warmer than London, its temperature Associated with sections of the General Powers Acts. being between 3° and 4° higher. Really warm days were this work is the inquiry into the seasonal prevalence of few. Almost all the maximum readings were some way flies and of particular kinds of vermin, and the comparison very below 600 until the 30th, when the thermometer rose to 620, of this prevalence with the incidence of certain contagious followed by 690 on the 31st. Brussels had more rain than diseases. This subject was dealt with in detail in the report the total, falling on 26 days, amounting to 4-47 in., London, for 1909, and was again referred to in the report for 1911, while the mean temperature was practically the same when a diagram was inserted showing the relationship as at At Berlin both during the day and night. Kew, between prevalence of flies and diarrhoea mortality. the temperature was about equal to that in the English (To be concluded.) From the midlands, although frost was more rare. 4th to the 17th rain fell almost daily and altogether 21 days were rainy, giving a total of 3’03 in. On the Riviera a few days were very wet, but most of the month MARCH AT HOME AND ABROAD. proved fine and bright, and on many days the temperature At Nice the mean maximum was as rose to 600 and above. At Home. as 580. The mean minimum, however, was a little high in this is the which MARCH, country generally among very lower than at Jersey and the Scilly Isles, the figure being ’driest periods of the year, proved a striking exception to the 420. At Biarritz the weather was very wet and often very rule. Very few days (or nights) passed without more or less gales from the westward occurring frequently. On as tain, and the sunshine was much below average. The wind rough, as 23 days a measurable quantity of rain was experimany nearly always came from some mild point of the compass, enced, and the aggregate was as large as 6’ 76 in. Day after usually from south-west or west, with the result that day was either very cloudy or entirely overcast, but with the frost was seldom experienced, and the temperature was wind from the south-west or west the was never generally high for the time of year. The first fortnightI low, and the mean for the month wastemperature about the same as at was, however, considerably milder than the last, and Nice. As at Paris and in this country a great rise of tempera’the mean temperature for the whole month worked out ture occurred at the end of the month, the 31st bringing - at between 1° and 30 above the average. At the Kew a maximum as as 770. Over the greater part of Italy bservator9, which may be taken to represent the metro- the weather washigh warmer than on the Riviera, although rain area and Home the mean maximum the Counties, politan was more common. Some sharp falls were general early in ’temperature of the afternoons was a trifle below 500. or the month, and after the 15th very few days were dry. At 10 above the normal, while the mean minimum of the Rome rain fell on 13 days, with a total of 2 - 77 in. The was 10 also above the normal. mights Exceptionally mean maximum temperature was fairly high, exceeding that 36°, warm days for March were rare ; on the 12th the thermoat Nice by 30, and a similar difference was shown by the meter touched 570, but failed to rise so high again until the minimum thermometer. Down at Madeira the month was when it reached of the 630. low .31st, genial figure Very almost continuously fine. Only three days brought rain, omaxima were equally rare ; on the 9th there was no higher while the temperature, very equable, had a mean of 64° than and maximum on the 20th the was 40°, 390, reading The highest the afternoon and 540 at night. ’but on all the other days the figure ranged above 450. during recorded was 70° on the 16th, and the lowest 50° reading Frost in the air occurred on only seven nights, although on the 5th and 9th. ground frost was naturally much more frequent. A normal March gives 13 days with rain, yielding a total of 1-59 in., VITAL STATISTICS. but last month the number of rainy days was 27 and the The rain was, nevertheless, .aggregate fall 3 88 in. HEALTH OF ENGLISH TOWBTS. seldom heavy, and the greatest amount within 24 hours ’was 0’72 in. on the 8th. IN the 97 English and Welsh towns 9011 births and 5630 As many as nine days were were registered during the week ended Saturday, - entirely sunless, and several others afforded but an deaths4th. The annual rate of mortality in these towns, occasional gleam, with the result that the total duration for April - the month was no more than 83 hours, against an average which had been 15-4, 15-2, and 16-5 per 1000 in the three preweeks, declined to 16’2 per 1000 in the week under ,of 109 hours. The Midlands and Western Midlands differed ceding notice. During the 13 weeks of last quarter the mean annual little- from London in the temperature. Nottingham was death-rate in these towns averaged 16’,4, against 16’1 per 1000 :about 20 colder both during the day and night, and Bath a in London during the same period. Among the several towns
observation.
periodically