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Markers of bone turnover in obese children. Relationship to the nutritional status and oxidative stress level.
Abstracts / Appetite 76 (2014) 197–215
Do the thyroid volume and TSH level are related to lipids and carbohydrates metabolism disturbances in obese children and adolescents? The pilot study. A. ZACHURZOK, P. MATUSIK. Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow Street 16, 40-752 Katowice, Poland. [email protected] In obese children subclinical hypothyroidism is found more often than in lean subjects. The relationship between TSH concentration and the risk of hyperlipidemia is still the matter of discussion. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between thyroid volume and TSH concentration and lipids and carbohydrates metabolism disturbances in obese children and adolescents. The study group comprised 36 obese children (19 boys, 17 girls) in the mean age 12.3 ± 3.2 y. In all subjects the height, weight, neck, waist and hip circumferences were measured and BMI z-score was calculated. TSH, fasting lipid profile, glucose and insulin concentration, glucose and insulin level after 120 min of OGTT were measured and ultrasound of the thyroid gland was performed. The insulin resistance indexes were calculated (FIGR, R-HOMA). In all patients the thyroid volume was within the normal values for the age and gender and TSH level was below 7.0 uUI/ml. The significant correlation between BMI z-score and thyroid volume was found (r = 0.6, p < 0.001). There was no significant relationship between TSH level and anthropometrical measurements as well as lipids and carbohydrates metabolism parameters. However TSH >2.5 uIU/ml correlated significantly with hyperinsulinaemia (rgamma = 0.7, p = 0.01) and hypertriglyceridaemia (rgamma = 0.7, p = 0.01). Significant relationship was found between the thyroid volume and fasting insulin level (r = 0.4, p = 0.04), triglycerides (r = 0.5, p = 0.01), FIGR (r = 0.05, p = 0.005) and R-HOMA (r = 0.6, p = 0.002). In obese children and adolescents thyroid volume and TSH concentration are significantly related to the excessive body weight and some parameters of lipids and carbohydrates metabolism. These preliminary findings need to be confirmed on the larger study population. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.01.069
The Role of Vitamin D in atherosclerosis inflammation revisited. More bystander than player? Harald MANGGE a, Daniel WEGHUBER b, Ruth PRASSL c, Astrid HAARA d, Wolfgang SCHNEDL e,f, Teodor T. POSTOLACHE e,f, Katharina PAULMICHL b, Dietmar FUCHS d. a Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz, Austria, b Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Private Medical School Salzburg, Austria, c Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Austria, d Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria, e General Practice for Internal Medicine, Bruck Mur, Austria, f Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. [email protected] Levels of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D [25(OH)D] were reported to be decreased in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and in other chronic immunopathologies. In multiple studies, 25(OH)D has been shown to be significantly linked to mortality. Supplementation with Vitamin D2 or D3 has been suggested to improve clinical outcomes. Nev-
215
ertheless, supplementation may require high doses to achieve efficient blood levels of 25(OH)D. In contrast to this causal assumption, we hypothesize that decreased 25(OH)D levels are secondary phenomena to inflammation, and not as pathophysiologically relevant as suggested by the current hype. Under these conditions, low 25(OH)D levels might be caused by the oxidative stress that results from chronic inflammation encountered in patients with CVD. The oxidative environment most likely interferes with key enzymes, disturbing the biosynthesis as well as biodegradation of 1.25 (OH)D. There is no clear evidence of a beneficial effect of Vitamin D supplementation, except for treating Vitamin D deficiency (i.e. levels of <50 nmol/L) for improvement of skeletal health. Moreover, a prolonged and/or high dose Vitamin D supplementation may even become immunologically harmful by downregulating Th1 immune responses and indirectly upregulating Th2 immune activation with potential detrimental cardiovascular effects. Large randomized controlled studies of Vitamin D in relation to different outcomes are urgently needed. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.01.070
Markers of bone turnover in obese children. Relationship to the nutritional status and oxidative stress level. P. MATUSIK a, M. OLSZANECKA-GLINIANOWICZ b, J. CHUDEK b, E. MALECKA-TENDERA a. a Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow 16, 40-752 Katowice, Poland, b Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland. [email protected] Recent data showed that some bone related markers correlate with BMI in the pediatric population. Moreover, obesity in childhood increase the risk of atherosclerosis development by induced oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between bone turnover markers, nutritional status and oxidative stress in obese children comparing to the lean controls. Bone turnover markers (osteocalcin (OC), N-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx), sRANKL), oxidative stress markers (TAC – total antioxidative capacity, glutathione peroxidase, oxy-LDL) and leptin were determined in 50 obese and 79 healthy children. BMI and body composition (fat mass (FAT), fat-free mass (FMM), predicted muscle mass (PMM) and total body water (TBW)) were evaluated in all children. OC was significantly lower in obese children and correlated significantly (negatively p < 0.01) with BMI in controls. There was also significant positive correlation between OC and TAC in obese children. NTx correlated significantly with oxy-LDL (positively) in either, obese and lean group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 respectively). In the lean group only, there were significant relations between NTx vs. leptin and body composition parameters (r = 0.245 vs. leptin, r = 0.245 vs. FAT%, r = 0.252 vs. PMM%, and r = 0.245 v. FFM% respectively). 1. Bone turnover seems to be disturbed in the obese children and influenced by and an increased oxidative stress level. 2. Even in lean children nutritional status is inversely and directly related with osteocalcin and NTx respectively. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.01.071
Do the thyroid volume and TSH level are related to lipids and carbohydrates metabolism disturbances in obese children and adolescents? The pilot study. A. ZACHURZOK, P. MATUSIK. Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow Street 16, 40-752 Katowice, Poland. [email protected] In obese children subclinical hypothyroidism is found more often than in lean subjects. The relationship between TSH concentration and the risk of hyperlipidemia is still the matter of discussion. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between thyroid volume and TSH concentration and lipids and carbohydrates metabolism disturbances in obese children and adolescents. The study group comprised 36 obese children (19 boys, 17 girls) in the mean age 12.3 ± 3.2 y. In all subjects the height, weight, neck, waist and hip circumferences were measured and BMI z-score was calculated. TSH, fasting lipid profile, glucose and insulin concentration, glucose and insulin level after 120 min of OGTT were measured and ultrasound of the thyroid gland was performed. The insulin resistance indexes were calculated (FIGR, R-HOMA). In all patients the thyroid volume was within the normal values for the age and gender and TSH level was below 7.0 uUI/ml. The significant correlation between BMI z-score and thyroid volume was found (r = 0.6, p < 0.001). There was no significant relationship between TSH level and anthropometrical measurements as well as lipids and carbohydrates metabolism parameters. However TSH >2.5 uIU/ml correlated significantly with hyperinsulinaemia (rgamma = 0.7, p = 0.01) and hypertriglyceridaemia (rgamma = 0.7, p = 0.01). Significant relationship was found between the thyroid volume and fasting insulin level (r = 0.4, p = 0.04), triglycerides (r = 0.5, p = 0.01), FIGR (r = 0.05, p = 0.005) and R-HOMA (r = 0.6, p = 0.002). In obese children and adolescents thyroid volume and TSH concentration are significantly related to the excessive body weight and some parameters of lipids and carbohydrates metabolism. These preliminary findings need to be confirmed on the larger study population. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.01.069
The Role of Vitamin D in atherosclerosis inflammation revisited. More bystander than player? Harald MANGGE a, Daniel WEGHUBER b, Ruth PRASSL c, Astrid HAARA d, Wolfgang SCHNEDL e,f, Teodor T. POSTOLACHE e,f, Katharina PAULMICHL b, Dietmar FUCHS d. a Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz, Austria, b Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Private Medical School Salzburg, Austria, c Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Austria, d Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria, e General Practice for Internal Medicine, Bruck Mur, Austria, f Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. [email protected] Levels of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D [25(OH)D] were reported to be decreased in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and in other chronic immunopathologies. In multiple studies, 25(OH)D has been shown to be significantly linked to mortality. Supplementation with Vitamin D2 or D3 has been suggested to improve clinical outcomes. Nev-
215
ertheless, supplementation may require high doses to achieve efficient blood levels of 25(OH)D. In contrast to this causal assumption, we hypothesize that decreased 25(OH)D levels are secondary phenomena to inflammation, and not as pathophysiologically relevant as suggested by the current hype. Under these conditions, low 25(OH)D levels might be caused by the oxidative stress that results from chronic inflammation encountered in patients with CVD. The oxidative environment most likely interferes with key enzymes, disturbing the biosynthesis as well as biodegradation of 1.25 (OH)D. There is no clear evidence of a beneficial effect of Vitamin D supplementation, except for treating Vitamin D deficiency (i.e. levels of <50 nmol/L) for improvement of skeletal health. Moreover, a prolonged and/or high dose Vitamin D supplementation may even become immunologically harmful by downregulating Th1 immune responses and indirectly upregulating Th2 immune activation with potential detrimental cardiovascular effects. Large randomized controlled studies of Vitamin D in relation to different outcomes are urgently needed. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.01.070
Markers of bone turnover in obese children. Relationship to the nutritional status and oxidative stress level. P. MATUSIK a, M. OLSZANECKA-GLINIANOWICZ b, J. CHUDEK b, E. MALECKA-TENDERA a. a Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow 16, 40-752 Katowice, Poland, b Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland. [email protected] Recent data showed that some bone related markers correlate with BMI in the pediatric population. Moreover, obesity in childhood increase the risk of atherosclerosis development by induced oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between bone turnover markers, nutritional status and oxidative stress in obese children comparing to the lean controls. Bone turnover markers (osteocalcin (OC), N-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx), sRANKL), oxidative stress markers (TAC – total antioxidative capacity, glutathione peroxidase, oxy-LDL) and leptin were determined in 50 obese and 79 healthy children. BMI and body composition (fat mass (FAT), fat-free mass (FMM), predicted muscle mass (PMM) and total body water (TBW)) were evaluated in all children. OC was significantly lower in obese children and correlated significantly (negatively p < 0.01) with BMI in controls. There was also significant positive correlation between OC and TAC in obese children. NTx correlated significantly with oxy-LDL (positively) in either, obese and lean group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 respectively). In the lean group only, there were significant relations between NTx vs. leptin and body composition parameters (r = 0.245 vs. leptin, r = 0.245 vs. FAT%, r = 0.252 vs. PMM%, and r = 0.245 v. FFM% respectively). 1. Bone turnover seems to be disturbed in the obese children and influenced by and an increased oxidative stress level. 2. Even in lean children nutritional status is inversely and directly related with osteocalcin and NTx respectively. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.01.071