- Email: [email protected]
Materials use by design
BOOKS & MEDIA
Germanium-Based Technologies: From Materials to Devices Cor Claeys and Eddy Simoen (eds.) Elsevier • 2007 • 480 pp ISBN: 978-0-08-044953-1 $145 / £85 / 125 In recent years there has been a renewed interest in Ge, the semiconductor that formed the basis for the development of transistor technology. This book looks at recent advances in the field, including fundamentals in material science, device physics, and semiconductor processing. It also covers applications such as the use of Ge in optoelectronics, detectors, and solar cells.
Theories and Techniques of Crystal Structure Determination Uri Shmueli Oxford University Press • 2007 • 288 pp ISBN: 978-0-19-921350-4 $130 / £65 This book concentrates on crystalline matter and the determination of its structure. It introduces the reader to crystallographic symmetry, gives an overview of the experimental techniques used, and covers the phase problem of crystallography. It also includes discussions on structure-factor statistics for resolving space-group ambiguities, and atomic displacement parameters. No previous experience of crystallography is assumed.
Focused Ion Beam Systems Nan Yao (ed.) Cambridge University Press • 2007 408 pp • ISBN: 978-0-52-183199-4 $145 / £75 The focused ion beam (FIB) system is an important analytical tool. This book describes the basic principles of ion-beam and dual-beam systems, including etching and deposition, in situ materials characterization, sample preparation, three-dimensional reconstruction, and applications of these systems in biomaterials and nanotechnology.
Expert Graduate Undergraduate
Materials use by design An innovative book on materials design successfully integrates scientific and technical issues with component design and performance, while taking economic factors into account. T. W. (Bill) Clyne | University of Cambridge, UK | [email protected]
As the title suggests, Materials: Engineering, Science, Processing, and Design aims to cover a huge range of topics, albeit at an introductory level. It’s difficult to imagine a more successful outcome than that produced by these authors. Of course, they’re ideally qualified for the task. Michael Ashby has produced several landmark educational books on the use of materials by engineers and has been central to the creation and development of the Cambridge Engineering Selector (CES). This software package, a powerful tool for exploring and optimizing materials usage in engineering applications, is integral to the book. Hugh Shercliffe and David Cebon are also closely involved with its development and use. Throughout all 20 chapters, scientific and technical issues are integrated with component design and related to the performance of candidate materials, while bearing in mind that properties may depend on processing route and that economic factors are important. This trick is not an easy one to pull off in a convincing and realistic fashion, but the book undoubtedly succeeds. The authors are aware of the importance of conveying to engineers that material properties should not be considered as tabulated sets of data, but often depend on microstructure, which in turn is sensitive to processing conditions and may even change during service. Of course, property data are nevertheless required and the CES is a rich and comprehensive source, but the message that properties should be evaluated and used intelligently is deeply embedded in the philosophy of the book. Initial chapters cover the history, classification, and design strategies of materials. Three pairs of chapters follow, concerning the key mechanical elements of material behavior – stiffness, yielding, and fracture. In each case, the first chapter covers the science and the second concentrates on implications for design. Further chapters relate to the more complex mechanical situations of cyclic loading and tribology. The second half of the book focuses on changes in internal structure and functional properties. Two chapters deal with high-temperature behavior and the next four concern conductivity, magnetism, optics, and corrosion. The final chapters cover manufacturing processes, their
relation to material properties, and environmental issues. It’s quicker to list the topics not covered – there is little mention of biomedical materials, composite materials are not specifically treated, and a few specialist materials, such as shape-memory alloys, receive only very brief attention. Also, while the concept of microstructure is integral to the book, very few micrographs are included. This is natural for an engineering-oriented treatment and does not detract from the pedagogical aims. In any event, the depth and breadth of the coverage are transparent, logical, and consistent. Integration of book and CES is clearly a highlight and doubtless most readers will have access to the software. There are exercises at the end of each chapter, many involving the CES package. The extensive use of case studies is also noteworthy. A further striking feature is the high quality of the illustrations. These include ‘maps’ produced by CES, but also many excellent schematic diagrams and plots. Considered as a production Michael Ashby, Hugh Shercliff, and David Cebon Materials: Engineering, Science, Processing and Design Butterworth-Heinemann • 2007 • 528 pp ISBN: 978-0-75-068391-3 $74.95 / £29.99 / 43.95
operation, with the retail price taken into account, the publishers have certainly come up with an attractive package. In summary, this book is innovative in both strategy and coverage. It is exceptionally well written. Anyone with an interest in materials science is likely to be familiar with the clear, systematic, and illuminating style in which Ashby tackles both written and spoken exposition. This is supplemented by substantial contributions from his coauthors, evident in the wealth of accurate detail and the range of authoritative coverage. Mathematical treatments tend to be relatively simple, and are used only where genuinely relevant and useful. Nevertheless, quantification is integral to the book, and this is one of its great strengths. It will be an automatic addition to the library of everyone with an interest in materials.
NOVEMBER 2007 | VOLUME 10 | NUMBER 11
53
Germanium-Based Technologies: From Materials to Devices Cor Claeys and Eddy Simoen (eds.) Elsevier • 2007 • 480 pp ISBN: 978-0-08-044953-1 $145 / £85 / 125 In recent years there has been a renewed interest in Ge, the semiconductor that formed the basis for the development of transistor technology. This book looks at recent advances in the field, including fundamentals in material science, device physics, and semiconductor processing. It also covers applications such as the use of Ge in optoelectronics, detectors, and solar cells.
Theories and Techniques of Crystal Structure Determination Uri Shmueli Oxford University Press • 2007 • 288 pp ISBN: 978-0-19-921350-4 $130 / £65 This book concentrates on crystalline matter and the determination of its structure. It introduces the reader to crystallographic symmetry, gives an overview of the experimental techniques used, and covers the phase problem of crystallography. It also includes discussions on structure-factor statistics for resolving space-group ambiguities, and atomic displacement parameters. No previous experience of crystallography is assumed.
Focused Ion Beam Systems Nan Yao (ed.) Cambridge University Press • 2007 408 pp • ISBN: 978-0-52-183199-4 $145 / £75 The focused ion beam (FIB) system is an important analytical tool. This book describes the basic principles of ion-beam and dual-beam systems, including etching and deposition, in situ materials characterization, sample preparation, three-dimensional reconstruction, and applications of these systems in biomaterials and nanotechnology.
Expert Graduate Undergraduate
Materials use by design An innovative book on materials design successfully integrates scientific and technical issues with component design and performance, while taking economic factors into account. T. W. (Bill) Clyne | University of Cambridge, UK | [email protected]
As the title suggests, Materials: Engineering, Science, Processing, and Design aims to cover a huge range of topics, albeit at an introductory level. It’s difficult to imagine a more successful outcome than that produced by these authors. Of course, they’re ideally qualified for the task. Michael Ashby has produced several landmark educational books on the use of materials by engineers and has been central to the creation and development of the Cambridge Engineering Selector (CES). This software package, a powerful tool for exploring and optimizing materials usage in engineering applications, is integral to the book. Hugh Shercliffe and David Cebon are also closely involved with its development and use. Throughout all 20 chapters, scientific and technical issues are integrated with component design and related to the performance of candidate materials, while bearing in mind that properties may depend on processing route and that economic factors are important. This trick is not an easy one to pull off in a convincing and realistic fashion, but the book undoubtedly succeeds. The authors are aware of the importance of conveying to engineers that material properties should not be considered as tabulated sets of data, but often depend on microstructure, which in turn is sensitive to processing conditions and may even change during service. Of course, property data are nevertheless required and the CES is a rich and comprehensive source, but the message that properties should be evaluated and used intelligently is deeply embedded in the philosophy of the book. Initial chapters cover the history, classification, and design strategies of materials. Three pairs of chapters follow, concerning the key mechanical elements of material behavior – stiffness, yielding, and fracture. In each case, the first chapter covers the science and the second concentrates on implications for design. Further chapters relate to the more complex mechanical situations of cyclic loading and tribology. The second half of the book focuses on changes in internal structure and functional properties. Two chapters deal with high-temperature behavior and the next four concern conductivity, magnetism, optics, and corrosion. The final chapters cover manufacturing processes, their
relation to material properties, and environmental issues. It’s quicker to list the topics not covered – there is little mention of biomedical materials, composite materials are not specifically treated, and a few specialist materials, such as shape-memory alloys, receive only very brief attention. Also, while the concept of microstructure is integral to the book, very few micrographs are included. This is natural for an engineering-oriented treatment and does not detract from the pedagogical aims. In any event, the depth and breadth of the coverage are transparent, logical, and consistent. Integration of book and CES is clearly a highlight and doubtless most readers will have access to the software. There are exercises at the end of each chapter, many involving the CES package. The extensive use of case studies is also noteworthy. A further striking feature is the high quality of the illustrations. These include ‘maps’ produced by CES, but also many excellent schematic diagrams and plots. Considered as a production Michael Ashby, Hugh Shercliff, and David Cebon Materials: Engineering, Science, Processing and Design Butterworth-Heinemann • 2007 • 528 pp ISBN: 978-0-75-068391-3 $74.95 / £29.99 / 43.95
operation, with the retail price taken into account, the publishers have certainly come up with an attractive package. In summary, this book is innovative in both strategy and coverage. It is exceptionally well written. Anyone with an interest in materials science is likely to be familiar with the clear, systematic, and illuminating style in which Ashby tackles both written and spoken exposition. This is supplemented by substantial contributions from his coauthors, evident in the wealth of accurate detail and the range of authoritative coverage. Mathematical treatments tend to be relatively simple, and are used only where genuinely relevant and useful. Nevertheless, quantification is integral to the book, and this is one of its great strengths. It will be an automatic addition to the library of everyone with an interest in materials.
NOVEMBER 2007 | VOLUME 10 | NUMBER 11
53