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Maternal diet and infant body composition in women at risk of gestational diabetes mellitus
Annual Scientific Meeting tus and low birth weight had a differential effect on mean BMI for Aboriginal children compared to non-Aboriginal children (P for interaction = 0.01). Aboriginal boys of highest socioeconomic status had a higher BMI compared to non-Aboriginal boys, but not those of lower socioeconomic status. NonAboriginal boys of low birth weight were heavier than Aboriginal boys of low birth weight. Comment on Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal girls? Conclusions: Socioeconomic status and birth weight has a differential effect on adiposity for Aboriginal boys, similar to that seen in low and middle income countries. Intervention programs need to recognise the differential risk for obesity for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal boys and girls to maximise their impact. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2014.10.101 209 Maternal diet and infant body composition in women at risk of gestational diabetes mellitus Nathalie Kizirian 1,∗ , Sarah Garnett 2 , Tania Markovic 3 , Glynis Ross 4 , Roslyn Muirhead 5 , Shannon Brodie 5 , Peter Petocz 6 , Jennie Brand-Miller 5,1 1 Charles
Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia 2 Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia 3 Metabolism and Obesity Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia 4 Diabetes Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia 5 Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia 6 Department of Statistics, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia Introduction: Prenatal and early postnatal nutritional environments are critical windows for disease development in later life. The aim of this study was to explore the association between maternal dietary intake and neonatal body composition. Methods: Secondary analysis of women enrolled in a randomized controlled trial comparing the effect of a low glycaemic index diet vs a healthy diet in pregnancy at risk of gestational
55 diabetes (n = 139). Maternal dietary data was collected using 3-day food records in the second and third trimesters. Neonatal body composition was assessed by air-displacement plethysmography. Infant body composition was expressed as fat mass index [FM (kg)/length (m)2 ] and fat-free mass index [FFM (kg)/length (m)2 ]. Results: Using linear regression, adjusted for confounders, second trimester maternal dietary carbohydrate (%E) was inversely related to offspring FFM index (ˇ = −0.196, P = 0.050, n = 96), while total fat and saturated fat were positively associated (%total fat, ˇ = 0.241, P = 0.016; %saturated fat, ˇ = 0.250, P = 0.012, n = 96). In the third trimester, intake of total fat and saturated fat was positively associated with FM index (%total fat, ˇ = 0.224, P = 0.037; %saturated fat, ˇ = 0.216, P = 0.036, n = 88), while the quantity and quality of carbohydrate was inversely associated with both FM index (%carbohydrate, ˇ = 0.243, P = 0.037) and FFM index (GI, ˇ = −0.267, P = 0.013). Conclusion: Foetal body composition may be influenced by maternal diet, particularly the quantity and quality of fat and carbohydrate. Both FFM and FM index appear to be increased by higher fat intake (including saturated fat), but reduced by higher intakes of carbohydrate, particularly from high GI sources. Whether these associations are causal requires further study. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2014.10.102 192 Comparison of body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as predictors of cardiovascular disease in an adult population in Singapore Benjamin Chih Chiang Lam 1,∗ , Gerald Choon Huat Koh 2 , Cynthia Chen 2 , Michael Tack Keong Wong 1 , Stephen Fallows 3 1 Khoo
Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 3 University of Chester, Chester, United Kingdom 2 Saw
The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the relationship between the various adiposity measures, namely Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-to-Hip
Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia 2 Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia 3 Metabolism and Obesity Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia 4 Diabetes Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia 5 Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia 6 Department of Statistics, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia Introduction: Prenatal and early postnatal nutritional environments are critical windows for disease development in later life. The aim of this study was to explore the association between maternal dietary intake and neonatal body composition. Methods: Secondary analysis of women enrolled in a randomized controlled trial comparing the effect of a low glycaemic index diet vs a healthy diet in pregnancy at risk of gestational
55 diabetes (n = 139). Maternal dietary data was collected using 3-day food records in the second and third trimesters. Neonatal body composition was assessed by air-displacement plethysmography. Infant body composition was expressed as fat mass index [FM (kg)/length (m)2 ] and fat-free mass index [FFM (kg)/length (m)2 ]. Results: Using linear regression, adjusted for confounders, second trimester maternal dietary carbohydrate (%E) was inversely related to offspring FFM index (ˇ = −0.196, P = 0.050, n = 96), while total fat and saturated fat were positively associated (%total fat, ˇ = 0.241, P = 0.016; %saturated fat, ˇ = 0.250, P = 0.012, n = 96). In the third trimester, intake of total fat and saturated fat was positively associated with FM index (%total fat, ˇ = 0.224, P = 0.037; %saturated fat, ˇ = 0.216, P = 0.036, n = 88), while the quantity and quality of carbohydrate was inversely associated with both FM index (%carbohydrate, ˇ = 0.243, P = 0.037) and FFM index (GI, ˇ = −0.267, P = 0.013). Conclusion: Foetal body composition may be influenced by maternal diet, particularly the quantity and quality of fat and carbohydrate. Both FFM and FM index appear to be increased by higher fat intake (including saturated fat), but reduced by higher intakes of carbohydrate, particularly from high GI sources. Whether these associations are causal requires further study. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2014.10.102 192 Comparison of body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as predictors of cardiovascular disease in an adult population in Singapore Benjamin Chih Chiang Lam 1,∗ , Gerald Choon Huat Koh 2 , Cynthia Chen 2 , Michael Tack Keong Wong 1 , Stephen Fallows 3 1 Khoo
Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 3 University of Chester, Chester, United Kingdom 2 Saw
The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the relationship between the various adiposity measures, namely Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-to-Hip