- Email: [email protected]
Measurements of the California Countercurrent off Baja California
Oceanographic Abstracts
965
first, up to the time at which the animals were growing at their maximum rate, when the highest peak cumulative effici~nci~s (79 per cent) were obtained in the lowest food concentrations. These values then fell as the animals approached their maximum size. in other experiments on young animals in their first few days of growth, it was found that efficiency increased with temperature between 5 ° and 30~C., that there was an optimum salinity of about 350o0, at which, efficiency was greatest, and an optimum food concentration of 25-30 cells/mm 3. RHD, J. L., JR., 1963.
Measurements of the California Countercurrent off Baja California.
J. Geophys. Res., 68 0 6 ) : 4819-4822. Thirteen parachute drogues were laid at a depth of 250 m along a I l0 km line extending southwestward from the 1000 m isobath off northern Baj~t California. A movement to the northwest was observed on the inshore 28 km of the line, with a maximum speed of about,8 cm/sec at the centre. A movement to the southeast was observed along the next 70 km, with a maximum speed of about 13 cm/sec. At the outer end of the line, the movement was very slow, ,probably within the measurement error, and the geostrophic flow (which agreed with the results of the drogue thovements in the inshore area) indicated northwesterly flow. These results are very similar in pattern to those obtained earlier in an area 700 k m f a r t h e r north'; but the velocities and the widths of the various flows are much less. REITZEL, J., 1963. A region of uniform heat flow in the North Atlantic. d. Geophys. Res., 68 (18): 5191-5196. Heat flow was determined, at sixteen stations regularly spaced over a region of the North American basin b.~tween Bermuda and the Bahama Banks. The results show a remarkable uniformity of heat flow in this area, which measures about 800 by 900 kin. The mean heat flow at the sixteen stations is 1.14 vcal/cm z sac, with a standard deviation of 0-06. When allowance is made for experimental errors the actual standard deviation of heat flow in the region is estimated to be only 41%. Another measurement made at the,sotRhern edge of this area, near the Puerto Rico trench, showed a heat flow of 1-76 p.cal/crn2 sec, while three measurements made a few hundred-km to the northwest, close to the continental slope, gave values of 1.17, 0-94, and 0-81 veal/era z sac. RICHAROS, A. F., 1961. Investigations of deep-sea sediment cores. 1. Shear strength, bearing capacity and consolidation. U. S. Navy Hydrogr. Off., Tech. Rept., T R - 6 3 : 7 0 pp. Thirty gravity and piston cores were collected from eight areas in the North Atlantic, West Mediterranean, and Cer, tral Pacific. They were transported to the laboratory in Washington, D.C., with protection against mechanical vibration and, so far as possible, in an upright position. Sediments were composed of clayey silt- and silty clay-sized particles, predominantly of terriginous origin. A knowledge of the gross core recovery ratio (gross core length/corer penetration distance) is of importance for engineering and other investigations requiring sample depth. Evidence is presented from recent Swedish investigations that this ratio may not be always 100 per cent for piston cores, as is commonly assumed. The ratio is variable for gravity-type cores; it appears to be a function of the design. Well,engineered gravity corers have gross recovery ratios about 100 per cent in the upper 40 to 75 cm' and smaller ratios below this depth, Poorly-engineered (for undisturbed sampling) gravity corers may have core shortening proportional to the. distance penetrated and gross recovery ra
U. S. Navy Hydrogr. Off:, Tech.' Rapt., TR-106:146 pp. Measurements of mass physical proper~;ies ¢¢ere made in the laboratory on thirty-five gravity- a n d piston-type sediment cores, ranging in length from 30-511 cm, collected from ocean depths of 400--5120 m. Sample composition was predominantly silty clay- and clayey silt-s~¢ material, chiefly of terrigenous origin.
965
first, up to the time at which the animals were growing at their maximum rate, when the highest peak cumulative effici~nci~s (79 per cent) were obtained in the lowest food concentrations. These values then fell as the animals approached their maximum size. in other experiments on young animals in their first few days of growth, it was found that efficiency increased with temperature between 5 ° and 30~C., that there was an optimum salinity of about 350o0, at which, efficiency was greatest, and an optimum food concentration of 25-30 cells/mm 3. RHD, J. L., JR., 1963.
Measurements of the California Countercurrent off Baja California.
J. Geophys. Res., 68 0 6 ) : 4819-4822. Thirteen parachute drogues were laid at a depth of 250 m along a I l0 km line extending southwestward from the 1000 m isobath off northern Baj~t California. A movement to the northwest was observed on the inshore 28 km of the line, with a maximum speed of about,8 cm/sec at the centre. A movement to the southeast was observed along the next 70 km, with a maximum speed of about 13 cm/sec. At the outer end of the line, the movement was very slow, ,probably within the measurement error, and the geostrophic flow (which agreed with the results of the drogue thovements in the inshore area) indicated northwesterly flow. These results are very similar in pattern to those obtained earlier in an area 700 k m f a r t h e r north'; but the velocities and the widths of the various flows are much less. REITZEL, J., 1963. A region of uniform heat flow in the North Atlantic. d. Geophys. Res., 68 (18): 5191-5196. Heat flow was determined, at sixteen stations regularly spaced over a region of the North American basin b.~tween Bermuda and the Bahama Banks. The results show a remarkable uniformity of heat flow in this area, which measures about 800 by 900 kin. The mean heat flow at the sixteen stations is 1.14 vcal/cm z sac, with a standard deviation of 0-06. When allowance is made for experimental errors the actual standard deviation of heat flow in the region is estimated to be only 41%. Another measurement made at the,sotRhern edge of this area, near the Puerto Rico trench, showed a heat flow of 1-76 p.cal/crn2 sec, while three measurements made a few hundred-km to the northwest, close to the continental slope, gave values of 1.17, 0-94, and 0-81 veal/era z sac. RICHAROS, A. F., 1961. Investigations of deep-sea sediment cores. 1. Shear strength, bearing capacity and consolidation. U. S. Navy Hydrogr. Off., Tech. Rept., T R - 6 3 : 7 0 pp. Thirty gravity and piston cores were collected from eight areas in the North Atlantic, West Mediterranean, and Cer, tral Pacific. They were transported to the laboratory in Washington, D.C., with protection against mechanical vibration and, so far as possible, in an upright position. Sediments were composed of clayey silt- and silty clay-sized particles, predominantly of terriginous origin. A knowledge of the gross core recovery ratio (gross core length/corer penetration distance) is of importance for engineering and other investigations requiring sample depth. Evidence is presented from recent Swedish investigations that this ratio may not be always 100 per cent for piston cores, as is commonly assumed. The ratio is variable for gravity-type cores; it appears to be a function of the design. Well,engineered gravity corers have gross recovery ratios about 100 per cent in the upper 40 to 75 cm' and smaller ratios below this depth, Poorly-engineered (for undisturbed sampling) gravity corers may have core shortening proportional to the. distance penetrated and gross recovery ra
U. S. Navy Hydrogr. Off:, Tech.' Rapt., TR-106:146 pp. Measurements of mass physical proper~;ies ¢¢ere made in the laboratory on thirty-five gravity- a n d piston-type sediment cores, ranging in length from 30-511 cm, collected from ocean depths of 400--5120 m. Sample composition was predominantly silty clay- and clayey silt-s~¢ material, chiefly of terrigenous origin.