Measuring pollution in the Atlantic

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The Alfred Wegener Institute for Potar and Ocean Research (AWl) of Bremerhaven has b e e n u s i n g a H e r a e u s C o n t if u g e 300 MD c o n t i n u o u s f l 0 w c e n t r i f u g e to d e t e r m i n e the level of heavy m e t a l p o l l u t i o n in t h e A t l a n t i c , T h e c e n t r i f u g e w a s in use on a l o n g v o y a g e o n the G e r m a n r e s e a r c h s h i p ' P o l a r s t e r n ' , a n d in c o n t i n u ous service on the return voyage from Cape Town to B r e m e r h a v e n d u r i n g May, The specimen material obt a i n e d o n t h i s v o y a g e (algae, )lankton, zooplankton, microorganisms, floating particles, etc), w i l l b e a n a l y s e d d u r i n g t h e c o u r s e of t h e y e a r f o r its c o n t e n t of heavy m e t a l s s u c h as lead. c a d m i u m , c o p p e r , z i n c and also a l u m i n i u m a n d iron. Since powerful centrifugal f o r c e s a r e n e c e s s a r y to c e n t r i f u g e sea w a t e r , a p a r t i c u l a r l y high quality rotor had to be used. T h e 300 M D has a p u r e t i t a n i u m r o t o r w h i c h is h i g h l y resistant to a b r a s i o n a n d corrosion. T h e sea w a t e r w a s s u c k e d in through a snorkel mounted 2 m b e l o w t h e s h i p ' s hull, f r o m w h e r e a p e r i s t a l t i c p u m p f e d it const~.ntly to t h e c e n t r i f u g e . The continuous flow rotor developed for this purpose r e a c h e d s p e e d s of 15,000 r p m : e n o u g h to a c h i e v e g o o d

Environmental study

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A m u l t i - c l i e n t s t u d y : ' I m p a c t of Environmental Legislation on the Pulp a n d P a p e r I ~ d u s t r y in t h e 19r=0s' is to be u n d e r t a k e n by PF ~M C o n s u l t i n g . T h e o b j e c t i v e of t h e s t u d y is to highlight trends and provide international comp a r i s o n s of e x i s t i n g a n d p r o posed environmental legislation w h i c h have a d i r e c t o r indirect impact on the pulp and p a p e r i n d u s t r y , T h e s t u d y will covet air and water emissions and landfill by pulp and paper products, Recent and planned actions being taken by pulp and paper m i l l s a r o u n d t h e w o r l d in r e s p o n s e to, o r in a n t i c i p a t i o n of e n v i r o n m e n t a l l e g i s l a t i o n will be reviewed. The study will summarise key a s p e c t s o f w h a t is g e n e r a l l y c o n s i d e r e d t o be t h e greatest challenge facing the industry over the next decade. The implications of legislation w i l l be i n t e r p r e t e d , t e c h n o l o g y and equipment requirements assessed, t h e i n d u s t r y ' s c u r -

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s e p a r a t i o n , e v e n w i t h high f l o w rates, It is i n t e n d e d t o use t h e data to p r e p a r e a h o r i z o n t a l p o l l u tion profile covering all r e g i o n s of t h e A t l a n t i c , O b j e c tives a r e t o e s t a b l i s h w h e t h e r the A f r i c a n rivers are w a s h i n g environmentally hazardous trace elements into the ocean to a n y g r e a t d e g r e e , w h e t h e r t h e r e are d i f f e r e n c e s b e t w e e n the S o u t h a n d N o r t h A t l a n t i c Oceans, w h e t h e r t h e d e p o s i t i o n o f S a h a r a d u s t is d e t r i m e n t a l , a n d to d e t e r m i n e the d i s t r i b u t i o n of h e a v y m e t a l s in t h e seas off i n d u s t r i a l i s e d Europe.

Heraeus Sepatech GmbH. Postfach t220. D-3360 Osterode/Harz. West Germany. rent r e s p o n s e r e v i e w e d , a n d suggestions provided for international co-operation and c o - o r d i n a t i o n , The project team producing t h e s t u d y w i l l b e led by Clive C a p p s o f PPCM a n d R i c h a r d Cockram of NLKCelpap C o n s u l t a n t s . of w h i c h PPCM is part. Cl!ve C a p p s has 25 years' experience of the supply of raw materials to the p u l p a n d p a p e r i n d u s t r y and has r e c e n t l y c o m p l e t e d a multi-client study on the c h a n g e s in w o o d p u l p b l e a c h ing. R i c h a r d C o c k r a m has b e e n c a r r y i n g o u t s t u d i e s in t h e pulQ a n d p a p e r i n d u s t r y for 15 years. The team will draw upon e n v i r o n m e n t a l and p r o d u c t e x p e r t i s e a v a i l a b l e w i t h i n the g r o u p w o r l d w i d e , as w e l l as f r o m the i n d u s t r y m e d i a a n d a s s o c i a t i o n s , s p e c i a l i s t databases, p u l p a n d p a p e r m i i l s , a n d g o v e r n m e n t departments~ T h e final r e p o r t is d u e for p u b l i c a t i o n n e x t April.

PPCM Consulting. Price & Pierce Group, Duke's Court, Duke Street, Woking, Surrey GU2t 5BH.

september;October 1990

Filtration &

Separation