Mechanics of sediment transport

Geoforum

99

18/74

value of this book, because so far in most

S. GLAZEK,

countries

GRADZINSKI

there have been no summarizations

of publications

(HERAK

(ROGLIC)

reviews of

and hydrogeologic

and STRINGFIECD)

In the next chapter of Yugoslavia, prototype.

concepts.

HERAK

treats the karst

which once was known

His statements

as a

relating to numerous

storage basins and hydro-electric

power-

plants are only partly published

in non-

Slavic languages. - BELLONI, and OROMBELLI

Carpathians.

is situated

MARTINI

Uplands.

Important

BLEAHU

deals briefly

CHIKISHEW

This is the first time that

Russian language. There

called Triestine

Karst, the limestone

in so large a country

of the southern

pre-Alps and the Apulian headland.

karst is to be met in the

developed

Gypsum

near Bologna.

the numerous

- AVIAS

the Parisian Basin

what surprising.

describes

in the chalk.

to the karst of

in particular

of karst areas in the Baltic

complete

is some-

It is a pity that there is no

map. The bibliography

is almost

but most of the references

are in

the Russian language. SWEETING

to the karst

In the Alps there are only a few

small areas of bare high mountain large areas of wooded Alps of the Grande (1000

normally

with hardly attainable

Platform

karst, e.g. in the pre-

Chartreuse

km*).

karst but

and of the

The author

specifies

the local term for a karst feature.

But there is a misunderstanding

Britain.

reports on the karst of Great

chalky facies, the Mesozoic

limestones, northern

carbonate

In contrast

especially

rocks

to that, the

are best karstified,

English term for “chouruns”

and for a

Cambro-Ordovician

with a flat bottom

is not “gulf”

the Scottish

but “open pit”. An abundant

bibliography

show interesting affected

is added.

e.g. in the

limestone

Highlands

in

outcrops

prehensive presentations within

restricted

and HAHN

karst. They

point out the importance

in the belt of evaporites to the Thuringian

show the German

in

The articles are grouped headings: Weitrzumige

of karst

from the Black Forest

Basin. BAUER

and ZOTL

present Austrian

karst. Their grouping

the morphologic

types in the Northern

Limestone

of

Alps into karst plateaus and karst

chains is applicable too. Dachstein

to other Alpine

regions

and Totes Gebirge are of

special hydrogeological

for the first time carried out fundamental the karst of the Schneeberg of drinking

and southern

the last orogeny

to Vienna

Flussfracht.

Mts., in the Transdanubian

in the Mecsek Central

Mts., in

the Bijkk and in the region of Aggtelek. karst of Czechoslovakia BYSTRICKq, the exception

is dealt with by

karst regions are concentrated Carpathians in numerous complete

in the

region.

the Ozarks

In the zone of

of Grand Canyon.

The editors add a last chapter

study of the volume. D. H. BLAKE

and C. D. OLLIER

investigation

present an

of the “Alluvial

plains of the Fly River, Papua”. The plains are dominated

by scroll complexes,

tinual lateral migration Tributary

meander

showing con-

of the channels.

valleys are characterized by more rapid alluviation

by lakes, in the main

the Doon

describes “Geomorphology

Valley,

Northern

of

U. P., India”

with large gravel fans, descending from the H‘tma Iayan front into the Doon Valley. Studies of channel intision

and configuration

of terraces reveal the strong tectonic

control

of geomorphology

in the region.

Two contributions

present results from

investigations

of the Plio-Pleistocene

develop-

ment of the landscape in the Rhine-Main region and the genesis of the Rhine Gorge

with conclus-

Wiesbaden.

ions. Among other things they discuss the

Three articles deal with karst geomorphology

problem

and related phenomena.

of terminology

and they point out

of the original terms by

those in each language would make for misunderstandings the international

and complicate exchange

or obstruct

of thoughts.

The book is a remarkable

progress in karst

publications

the appreciation

and furthers

of karst in other countries. found

in all geographers’

It should be

libraries.

Examples

from cen,tral Afghanistan, built up by travertine

are given

where natural dams

deposits in a river

valley are described; from South Africa

with

water tufas in the karst belt of the Transvaal; and from Schwibische

Alb, where the micro

relief of the karst surface below the sediment cover has been investigated

by means of

seismic methods. The last -group of articles contains four con-

where they are cut by valleys

tributions,

small areas. A remarkably

plateau karst is to be met in the

is even

after a more detailed

Central

Indiana,

The

MAZ\jR and IAKAL. With of Moravian karst most of the

Flussbett

The range of topics represented

near Bingen and the ldstein Gap near

that a replacement describes the karst of Hungary

which is mainly concentrated

the three

there are small karst areas,

e.g. in the vicinity

in 1967. DARANYI

Florida,

zones of the Appalachians,

The main

and Gulf

From

Alpen 37 Mn m3

water were conducted

karst regions are the Atlantic

Kentucky

of

and LEGRAND

closes the file of karst countries.

and the Pecos Valley

interest, for ZDTL

research on the spore tracing method.

karst. The description

karst in the USA by DAVIES

coastal plain including

van

valleys.

discusses the karst of Jamaica,

mainly cockpit

under three main Formwirkungen

Fliissen, lijsliches Gestein bei der Landfor-

formed

largely

by glacial action.

VERSEY

of actual problems

fields.

belts and marginal backswamps,

(e.g. near Durness)

karst features,

to gather

ed, as it makes it possible to give more com-

J. J. NOSSIN PFEIFFER

durch Fliisse,

The initiative

articles to special volumes must be appreciat-

interesting

the Carboniferous

Pennines, in the Peak District,

“gouffre”

edited by H. LOUIS.

more strengthened

weakness of the rocks, and partly of the

Paleozoic,

the field of fluvial geomorphology.

is thus rather wide. This impression

the

the Mendips and in S and N Wales. The

- the

of the manuscripts

fiir Geomorphologie

mung durch Fliisse and Flusslauf,

Owing to the high porosity,

are less karstified.

to Zeitschrift

into a special issue Landformong

that

French karst regions. He

attaches great importance

Vercors

The large number

outline

karst is best

DM 99,-.

proportion

Some of these articles have been collected

in a non-

is no question

Shield and the Siberian

Alps, in the Apennines

in N-Calabria.

within

karst regions in

regions the state of research is very different. The

from Monte Catria in the north to Monte Montea

Pergamon Press. & 9.00,

during recent years have dealt with problems

GVOZDETSKIY,

the marginal zone of the classical Karst, plateaus

Mechanicsofsediment

290 pp., 135 figs. Oxford:

by POPOV,

and KUDELIN. are

DM 88,~.

delivered

the USSR have been published

ones. Well developed

fiir Geo-

No. 12). Stuttgart:

The karst of the Soviet Union is described

and less developed

Italian limestone

Supplement

M. S. (1972):

Transport.

karst, which is cut into small areas as in

of

Slovakia.

abstracts of the different

less developed

YALIN,

with Rumanian

Activity

3 maps, 18 Tables. (Zeitschrift Gebr. BorntrEger.

areas of

gypsum and chalk karst are of interest.

Landformungdurch

Streams. 237 pp., 65 Figs., 55 photos, morphologie,

from the Silesian to the

Italy. T‘hey group the karst regions into well

the Gargano

in the

H.. ed (1971):

Fliisse /Geomorphological

A considerable

report on the karst of

region including

of Polish

Most of the karst is to be met

in their forelands Lublin

LOUIS,

and

give a description

karst. Only a small portion

available.

The book begins with historical morphologic

DABROWSKI

Alfred

BiSGLI,

Hitzkirch

all of interest from a methodolo-

gical standpoint.

They present a new method

Geoforum

of measuring stream tortuosity, graphic method

a carto-

of locating bed rock out-

crops along rivers, analysis of bed material ephemeral

streams in South Africa

measurements different

of the rounding

sedimentological

in

and

sentation

in LOUIS’

admitted,

however,

broad gap between theoretical

of particles

environments

in

in

book,

great improvement

the highly specialized

system. The airport,

knowledge

fluvial processes and the application on geomorphological

of

of this

problems.

the Alps and the Pyrenees. The volume contains great interest

of granular

ment of sedimentary geomorphological

material

are numerous,

Dr. M. Selim YALIN’s

both in

book deals mainly

with the background channels. Dimensional methods are treated while the physical

transport

the most important

chapter

Properties

sionless Expression

of Suspended

of the Two-Phase

Pheno-

Rate, Distribution

mostly semiempirical.

theory

ferent

some as proportional

random

is still incompletely

which is a serious drawback

in nature. Therefore transport,

approach popular

the probability

approach

fluctuations.

nowadays,

YALIN’s

concept.

especially

being overcrowded

us with a clear picture

the whole situation, illustrations,

is not very clear and some im-

places, such as Choi Hung, Sai Tau,

Tsing Yi, Sheh Pik reservoir etc. are not

side of the

For reviewing this book, the reviewer has taken a special trip to Hongkong. reviewer

has written

for a Chinese periodical

with Kowloon

fellow countrymen

Britain

it on the peninsula

The peninsula

north of

This review

in English is a shorter version of one the with a view to drawing attention

opposite

of

with many beautiful

though the physical figure of

the Colony portant

Prof. DWYER

for having worked

given in any map.

fishing island

on the northern

should be congratulated

island is the business centre of the Colony

of his many

to this important

problem.

is called the New Territories.

holds a lease from China for it. Much

of Kowloon exception

T. H. CHEN,

Taipei

from the sea. Behind the city

the peninsula

is hilly with the

of a few small plains having veget-

90 percent of the population

Most of the farm-

land and a good number

of the factories

congestion

is very noticeable. including

of

are in the New Territories. and shortage of land

A large number

refugees from mainland tenements.

of people China were

In the New Territories,

For the purpose of house

Books received SENFTLEBEN, projekte

W. (1973):

fiir Jugendliche

3 Karten,

more land has been reclaimed

6 Tabellen.

des lnstituts

LanderschlieRungs-

in Malaysia.

Hamburg:

fir Asienkunde,

and concrete

information

the Colony.

was sought in town (p. 111).

Factories Regarding

very small (p. 129).

has been adopting

with the mainly descriptive

pre-

took place

generally

public transport,

transport.

in

in the urban areas and usually employment

to all those who want a critical evaluation book on sediment

opportunities

Most of the squatting

features rather scanty, it can be recommended of

Meteorologisches

levelled and used as fill.

There are few agricultural

Even if the book

the basic concepts of sediment

live in the twin-

cities Victoria-Kowloon.

completely

designed

and geomorphological

transport

urban develop-

lies about 100 miles from Canton

and it was a thinly-inhabited

building,

but it is

is highly theoretical,

the YALIN

of Hongkong

52 S.,

Mitteilungen

55,

from the sea and the hills in many places

on sedimentological

Comparing

of

The book surveys the most signi-

and developed.

interest to geographers,

geologists and hydrologists.

and the rest are

its four or more New Towns have been created

This

in the study

in fluvial hydraulics,

also of considerable

ignorance of the

(p. 188).

hard in presenting

ment since the end of World War II.

squatter

of suspended material.

book has been primarily

for workers

authors

forced to live in the camps or overcrowded

As first

seems to be more and more

of transport

of Hongkong

The extreme

it should also

points out, H. A. EINSTEIN

introduced

The Colony

professors and tutors of the University

the Colony

are

as most hydrodynamic

forces are due to velocity YALIN

to

on transport fluctuations

be possible to apply a probabilistic to sediment

Prof. D. J. DWYER

able fields and green rice paddies. About

phenomena.

processes. The turbulent

by nine wellknown

was reclaimed

combinations

that should be related to dif-

the advance of knowledge

unit problem,

of the land in the busiest part of Victoria

makes it possible to

The nature of turbulence understood,

to

stresses that the

those dimensionless

transport

figures. Hongkong:

Press. HK # 60.

The eleven chapters of the book under review

Kowloon

to the fourth

YALIN

of dimensions

of parameters

University

which

plaints (p. 31). With regard to the small industrial

72 maps & illustrations,

of the mainland.

aspects. Some give the

as proportional

determine

202 pp. incl.

through

whole situation

War. Victoria

of bed

shows that they are often inconsistent

power of velocity,

Casebook.

when ceded to Great Britain after the Opium

for calculation

and remarks

can be forced to listen to com-

says there is much official

Hongkong

Load and Sand Waves.

the first power.

Asian Urbaniza-

ficant facets of the Colony’s

Trans-

Existing formulas

the government

Prof. D. E. M. EVANS

index with some Chinese notes, about

Hongkong.

headings are:

load transport.are

transport

tion: A Hongkong

government

Some of

of the Flow, Dimen-

Transport

from dimensional

D. J., ed. (1971):

three of whom are senior officers of colonial

of the

menon, The Beginning of Sediment port, Sediment

DWYER,

were written

and probabilistic

there are in-

questions of the

is indeed a serious question.

with special emphasis, interpretation

political

machinery

government

Hongkong

in open

processes are given minor attention.

is concerned,

that in the colony there is no semblance of

ideas associated with

the processes of sediment

So far as the framework

between

democratic

as well as for

in general. The

rivers, in lakes, and in the sea.

YALIN

relationship

by water

construc-

located very near the centre of

the twin-cities.

the governed.

for the develop-

structures

evolution

implications

fortunately

with runway

land from the sea, is un-

volved important

link in the geological

cycle. It is of great significance

Mechanical

Uppsala

to the general geomorphologist.

The transport

practical

Ake SUNDBORG,

of

in the mass transport

tion by reclaiming

for urbanization

much information

represents an important

rapid transit service have made

that there is still a very

or experimental

knowledge

four-line

it must be

18174

(p. 138). harbour Kowloon

are

the colonial goverment a laissezfaire

But the completion tunnel between

policy

of a cross-

Victoria

and the recommendation

and of the

(1974):

lnstitut

Klimatologische

schrift fiir Hermann

Flohn.

logische Abhandlungen, 54 Tabellen, Verlag.

der Universitat Forschung.

Bonn

Fest-

Bonner Meteoro-

Heft

17.610

S.,

262 Abb. Bonn: Ferd. Diimmlers

DM 118,-.

HANTOS, temporalis. European

J., Ed. (1972):

Urbanistica

Capitals in Budapest,

Sept. 1972.

542 pp., maps and diagrams. Budapest: Akaddmiai

Con-

Meeting of the Leaders of the

Kiado.