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Membrane filtration unit
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Fuel
filter
In GB 2292897 Lucas Industries Plc describes a fuel filter. It includes a casing within which is mounted an inner tube, and an annular filter medium which is mounted between this and the casing. Fuel flows downwards through the tube and then upwards through the filter medium to an outlet. At the lower end of the filter medium is a support plate with an aperture, while another support plate is mounted at the upper end. It is annular and like an inverted trough in form. Apertures are formed in a rim portion of the trough, through which the fuel flows to the outlet. At the apex of the trough is a bleed orifice which allows air to escape from the trough into the outlet in a controlled manner. Inventor: P.F. Bradford, Publication date: 13 March 1996. Membrane
filtration
unit
In GB 2293118 Sartorius AG describes a filtration unit for selective separation of substances from liquids. It comprises a number of filtration chambers arranged in parallel. Each is formed by a first membrane adsorber (i.e. capable of interaction with the substance in a liquid) stack, a spacer for filtrate outflow, a second membrane adsorber stack, and a spacer for fluid inflow. Each membrane stack comprises a number (for example, between 2 and 50) of membrane adsorber blanks having the property of ion exchange. The spacers are connected to respective
common inlet and outflow channels by way of passages whereby the same pressure difference prevails between fluid entry and exit for each stack. Inventors: M. Karbachsch, P. Konstantin, G. Pradel and D. Schmidt, Publication date: 20 March 1996.
the same or different membrane adsorber types, such as ion exchange materials. Inventors; W. Demmer, H.H. H&l, D. Nussbaumer and A.R. Weiss, Publication date: 20 March 1996.
Fuse
In GB 2293333 J.P. Hosford describes a self-cleaning filter or screen for use with a pump. It has rotary backwashing jets connected to the pressure side of the pump through pressure-reducing jets, and serves to screen the inlet side of the pump. Rotation of the backwashing jets within the screen or filter maintains its screening efficiency without the need to rotate the screen. The backwashing jets are of flexible construction, to permit matter to pass through to prevent blockage. Material removed from the screen or filter by backwashing is retained in a pre-screening container. Inventor: J.P. Hosford, Publication date: 27 March 1996.
apparatus down failed
for shutting filters
In GB 2293777 Sheli Internationale Research Maatschappij BV describes a fuse for protecting process equipment and the environment from particle contamination. It comprises a vessel with a tube sheet across the top of the vessel; two or more tubular filters open at the top, and are arranged in filter clusters. Each filter contains a permeable material. At least one seal is placed between the tube sheet and each of the filters. Fuses are connected to the top of the tube sheet, to prevent passage of the particle-containing gas in the event of a failure of one or more of the filters or seals. The fuses contain a permeable material having a higher permeability than that of the permeable filter material. In the event of failure of one or more filters or seals, the flow of the particle-containing gas through the fuse causes a complete blockage of the fuse. Inventors: C. Appel, H.A. Dirkse, J.L. Nooijen, J.A. Salter and P.E. Unger, Publication date: 10 April 1996. Dead-end
membrane
unit
In GB 2293119 Sartorius AG describes a filtration unit for the selective separation of substances from fluids by dead-end filtration. It comprises a number (for example, up to 2000) of blanks of layered porous membrane adsorbers which are impermeable by fluid in their rim regions. The blanks can be combined into cassettes. The blanks or the cassettes are pressed to seal between two filter mounts. The blanks may consist of
Method and apparatus pumping and filtering
Separating light
heavy liquids
for
side to the pressure separator. Inventor: Scragg, Publication 17 April 1996. Hydrocyclone
in the J.E. date:
separator
In GB 2293993 J.5. McKeown describes a separator for use in mixed sewage separation. It has a liquid vortex-forming chamber with a tangential inlet and a gravity-assisted outlet. It is characterised by a concave screen in the upper region of the chamber, arranged to interfere with the vortex when the liquid level is high (for example, under storm conditions), whereby excess liquid may overflow but solids are retained. The chamber may contain a baffle to control the flow of fluid, which reacts with the screen. The removal of solids caught on the screen may be assisted by shaping the perforated parts of the screen to promote turbulence and/or by scraping and washing devices. Inventor: J.B. McKeown, Publication date: 17 April 1996.
and
In GB 2293987 J.E. Scragg describes a separator for separating a heavier liquid from a lighter liquid. It is intended to operate between a fuel tank and a fuel pump connected to the fuel outlet of the separator. It includes a float which is light enough to float on the heavier liquid, and which is heavy enough to sink in the lighter liquid. The float controls opening and closing of a valve through which the heavier liquid is discharged from the separator. As the heavier liquid accumulates, the float lifts to open the valve. A plate is subjected to a force caused by fuel flowing into the separator through the inlet, and prevents the float from opening the valve while the separator is under sub-atmospheric pressure. The plate can be replaced by a diaphragm which is subject on one side to atmospheric pressure and on the other
Oil/sludge
separator
in GB 2294218 J.K. Tooley describes an apparatus for separating oil and sludge. It comprises a cylindrical vortex tank having an inlet for sludge bearing oil. The inlet is arranged to cause swirling of the oil/sludge to form a vortex. Centrifugally separated sludge falls to the bottom of the tank where it is swirled by steam from an injector. The sludge then leaves the tank through an outlet to enter a dryingextraction vessel, where it is dried by steam and vacuum before being discharged. The oil is further treated by steam through an inlet which maintains the vortex. The oil/steam mixture then passes through slits in a tubular wall and rises through a series of tilted cones, with the oil being removed at the top. The cones have openings for water drainage. Inventor: J.K. Tooley, Publication date: 24 April 1996.
Fuel
filter
In GB 2292897 Lucas Industries Plc describes a fuel filter. It includes a casing within which is mounted an inner tube, and an annular filter medium which is mounted between this and the casing. Fuel flows downwards through the tube and then upwards through the filter medium to an outlet. At the lower end of the filter medium is a support plate with an aperture, while another support plate is mounted at the upper end. It is annular and like an inverted trough in form. Apertures are formed in a rim portion of the trough, through which the fuel flows to the outlet. At the apex of the trough is a bleed orifice which allows air to escape from the trough into the outlet in a controlled manner. Inventor: P.F. Bradford, Publication date: 13 March 1996. Membrane
filtration
unit
In GB 2293118 Sartorius AG describes a filtration unit for selective separation of substances from liquids. It comprises a number of filtration chambers arranged in parallel. Each is formed by a first membrane adsorber (i.e. capable of interaction with the substance in a liquid) stack, a spacer for filtrate outflow, a second membrane adsorber stack, and a spacer for fluid inflow. Each membrane stack comprises a number (for example, between 2 and 50) of membrane adsorber blanks having the property of ion exchange. The spacers are connected to respective
common inlet and outflow channels by way of passages whereby the same pressure difference prevails between fluid entry and exit for each stack. Inventors: M. Karbachsch, P. Konstantin, G. Pradel and D. Schmidt, Publication date: 20 March 1996.
the same or different membrane adsorber types, such as ion exchange materials. Inventors; W. Demmer, H.H. H&l, D. Nussbaumer and A.R. Weiss, Publication date: 20 March 1996.
Fuse
In GB 2293333 J.P. Hosford describes a self-cleaning filter or screen for use with a pump. It has rotary backwashing jets connected to the pressure side of the pump through pressure-reducing jets, and serves to screen the inlet side of the pump. Rotation of the backwashing jets within the screen or filter maintains its screening efficiency without the need to rotate the screen. The backwashing jets are of flexible construction, to permit matter to pass through to prevent blockage. Material removed from the screen or filter by backwashing is retained in a pre-screening container. Inventor: J.P. Hosford, Publication date: 27 March 1996.
apparatus down failed
for shutting filters
In GB 2293777 Sheli Internationale Research Maatschappij BV describes a fuse for protecting process equipment and the environment from particle contamination. It comprises a vessel with a tube sheet across the top of the vessel; two or more tubular filters open at the top, and are arranged in filter clusters. Each filter contains a permeable material. At least one seal is placed between the tube sheet and each of the filters. Fuses are connected to the top of the tube sheet, to prevent passage of the particle-containing gas in the event of a failure of one or more of the filters or seals. The fuses contain a permeable material having a higher permeability than that of the permeable filter material. In the event of failure of one or more filters or seals, the flow of the particle-containing gas through the fuse causes a complete blockage of the fuse. Inventors: C. Appel, H.A. Dirkse, J.L. Nooijen, J.A. Salter and P.E. Unger, Publication date: 10 April 1996. Dead-end
membrane
unit
In GB 2293119 Sartorius AG describes a filtration unit for the selective separation of substances from fluids by dead-end filtration. It comprises a number (for example, up to 2000) of blanks of layered porous membrane adsorbers which are impermeable by fluid in their rim regions. The blanks can be combined into cassettes. The blanks or the cassettes are pressed to seal between two filter mounts. The blanks may consist of
Method and apparatus pumping and filtering
Separating light
heavy liquids
for
side to the pressure separator. Inventor: Scragg, Publication 17 April 1996. Hydrocyclone
in the J.E. date:
separator
In GB 2293993 J.5. McKeown describes a separator for use in mixed sewage separation. It has a liquid vortex-forming chamber with a tangential inlet and a gravity-assisted outlet. It is characterised by a concave screen in the upper region of the chamber, arranged to interfere with the vortex when the liquid level is high (for example, under storm conditions), whereby excess liquid may overflow but solids are retained. The chamber may contain a baffle to control the flow of fluid, which reacts with the screen. The removal of solids caught on the screen may be assisted by shaping the perforated parts of the screen to promote turbulence and/or by scraping and washing devices. Inventor: J.B. McKeown, Publication date: 17 April 1996.
and
In GB 2293987 J.E. Scragg describes a separator for separating a heavier liquid from a lighter liquid. It is intended to operate between a fuel tank and a fuel pump connected to the fuel outlet of the separator. It includes a float which is light enough to float on the heavier liquid, and which is heavy enough to sink in the lighter liquid. The float controls opening and closing of a valve through which the heavier liquid is discharged from the separator. As the heavier liquid accumulates, the float lifts to open the valve. A plate is subjected to a force caused by fuel flowing into the separator through the inlet, and prevents the float from opening the valve while the separator is under sub-atmospheric pressure. The plate can be replaced by a diaphragm which is subject on one side to atmospheric pressure and on the other
Oil/sludge
separator
in GB 2294218 J.K. Tooley describes an apparatus for separating oil and sludge. It comprises a cylindrical vortex tank having an inlet for sludge bearing oil. The inlet is arranged to cause swirling of the oil/sludge to form a vortex. Centrifugally separated sludge falls to the bottom of the tank where it is swirled by steam from an injector. The sludge then leaves the tank through an outlet to enter a dryingextraction vessel, where it is dried by steam and vacuum before being discharged. The oil is further treated by steam through an inlet which maintains the vortex. The oil/steam mixture then passes through slits in a tubular wall and rises through a series of tilted cones, with the oil being removed at the top. The cones have openings for water drainage. Inventor: J.K. Tooley, Publication date: 24 April 1996.