- Email: [email protected]
Mental Health Compared with Non-Artists, Artist, and its Relationship with NEOPI Personality Scale in City of Ahvaz
Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 00 (2011) 000–000 Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 119 – 128
www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia
WCPCG-2011
Mental health compared with non-artists, artist, and its relationship with NEOPI personality scale in city of Ahvaz Eghbal Zareia*, Bahare Mirahmadya, Ehsan Soltaniana
a
Bandar Abbas, 9 km road Minab, Hormozgan University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Psychology POBox:
Abstract The artists have different roles in society therefore , may be opposite types psychopathological. The aim of this study was to compare artist of mental health artists and non artists and relationship it with NEOPI scale. The samples consisted of 320 artists being members of literature , theater acting music and visual arts committee and 80 non artists working in Islamic Ershad office of khozestan in Ahvaz and art department of Islamic tablighat organization .Methodology:Research design was descriptive of type causal-comparative t . The samples consisted of 320 artists being members of literature , theater acting music and visual arts committee and 80 non artists subjects were selected by stratified sampling random method for this project .The instruments of this research were;1)SCL90-R scale 2)NEOP Questionnaire and 3) General information questionnaire.Results:The results of showed that The main hypothesis was that artists and non artists in general differ regarding their mental health . the data were analyzed by using MANOVA . The (F) ratios obtained for Pillais , Hotel lings , and Wills were 4.92 5.35and 5.15 respectively which in dictate significant differences . Further more , this study indicate four sub-hypotheses , aggression, anxiety , depression, psycho –somatic , phobia , paranoia and psychotic . The data was analyzed through one way analysis of variance to test subhypotheses . The result of this subscales showed that significant difference. But , results in interpersonal relationship , and obsessive- compulsive weren't significant difference. Also , the result showed that among mental health and NEOPI subscales significant correlation at least p<.05.Conclusion:Therefore . emotional force in artists non different atomically. But , that is different emotional cognition artists depend on their direction. © PublishedbybyElsevier Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the 2nd World Conference © 2011 2011 Published Ltd.
on Psychology, Counselling and Guidance.
Keywords : mental health, artists , non artists ,NEOPI
1. Introduction In research [1], while expression psychosis ((psychosis not anything new and creates new, flower neurosis)) can be force creator of art and genius. Freud followers believe in a lot of artists discovered flower obvious signs of anxiety and fear are the main core of the flower makes up artists. Some believe the anxiety disputes between instincts and is a world outside. The anxiety within each there is a zombie, but artists and poets more than any other person suffering from it. Anxiety is a necessary condition for innovation and Creative. Anxiety and fear of an artist's genius is disadvantaged entrepreneurs, his hand is empty and will not be able work of art create a significant and creative. Creative artist and real efforts to get rid of anxiety is created. Artistic work with a man reaches fruition if Nowruz, the artist creates within him, and if you fail to bear fruit and disease creates. Inability to express emotions, artist forced a fundamental change in words, colors ,sounds and objects will
* Eghbal Zarei. Tel.: 09173585169 E-mail address: [email protected]. 1877-0428 © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the 2nd World Conference on Psychology, Counselling and Guidance. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.024
120
EghbalZarei Zarei/ Procedia et al. / Procedia and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 119 – 128 Eghbal – Social- Social and Behavioral Sciences 00 (2011) 000–000
thereby be able to express their emotions. Sympathy force in the artists themselves, with no difference, what makes the difference and ultimately affect an artist's understanding of other artists is to it. Artist emotions dominate simply Poet and artist who dreamed of power have broader boundaries between hyper insanity (delusion) (ie, dreamed of mental illness patients) and healthy thoughts are flying. Help dreamed range should be expanded consciousness and clear thinking. If you dreamed of dreams and legends narrators intelligence forces out of control to grab the border and near insanity in all dimensions will exceed the normal boundaries. In that case, false images of the artist nonexistent objects created in your mind and the outside world as real images and both shall agree (fantasy), and insanity madness (insanity) begins from this point [3]. Above expression leads to curiosity and new searches on differences within the group and a group of artists should be made out. In this study personality characteristics of mental health, basic needs and the creativity of artists and individuals shall be evaluated Non-artist. In other words, people see an artist interested in the non artist Which of these variables were similar in terms of which of the variables are different? .I want to see in this study between the artist and the people of Ahwaz Non-artist mental health differences exist. In this study Non-artist artist and as independent variables and mental health as dependent variables are.. In research [4] on suicide among 138 men and 109 women among high school students that prefer to questionnaires about the types of music and the messages received from the music were completed. This information about suicidal thinking, fault intentional, being anxious and crime were more questions in the field of addiction, and environmental risk to families. The sex of the individuals were separated. 74 percent of the pop girls and 70. 7 percent of boys rock heavy metal music or preferred. The results showed that heavy metal or rock music rather creating suicide ideation, intentional wrong actions, anxiety, crime, addiction, and is associated with the wrong family, especially for girls, the issue was more the reality. Feel sadness after listening to music cause are encouraged to get worse. In another study [5] on the patient's attitude and her professional relationship with the music therapy results showed that mental health promotion and music therapy are related .. In this study, 271 patients (psychiatrist, clinical psychologist, social worker or nurse) 210 and 138 patients to music therapy in facilitating the role of psychologists in treatment were studied. Most mental health professionals thought about music therapy have positive but less than patients of music therapy professionals had a positive thought. All music on increasing mental health treatment has a positive role. Research in [6] on 28 female art students did research, the students were able to talk face to face, then work it was evaluated. In this study it was found that among low self-esteem feel no merit in his works and other art works and lack of interest in the relationship there. Research in [7] on the effect of art in mental health system to improve results showed that the art in mental health planning and application of social scientific value plays an essential role. In all activities, art, artist, his works represent the emotions flowing and will help with mental mining can connect to the appropriate parts of their inner world, emotions are separated and tried because of mental art and mining areas common terms and in terms of psychological reality that [8]. In a study [9] on 56 scientists to study the relationship between anxiety and creativity pay. The results of his study showed an inverse relationship between anxiety and creativity there. Research on mental health and self esteem of the artists and Non-artists were compared. To achieve this aim a group of visual artists and display fields in Ahwaz city and select these features was studied. In this study, sampling was random. The study sample consisted of 100 individuals and 50 Non-artist 50 artists who were employees of oil companies. Sample size of both male and female subjects were. In this study of mental health tests SCL90 - R Gyzly esteem test was used. The data results from two independent groups t test analysis were. Alpha-level results 0.05 and 0.01 were not significant [2].
2
Eghbal ZareiZarei et al./ Procedia / Procedia–-Social Socialand andBehavioral BehavioralSciences Sciences00 30(2011) (2011)000–000 119 – 128 Eghbal
121
Research outline The study of Ali is happening. Facto research, researchers from two or more categories of information relating to the disposal group is in this type of study does not manipulate independent variables, but assume to be independent variables at different levels to normal without any Laboratory involvement there will be a researcher of the independent variables which can be deduced with the independent variables are associated The study population included 1950 in Ahwaz are artists. Number of subjects in this study, 320 patients artist artist artistic four groups include: View, literature, music and visual art, and a group of 80 subjects in each Nonartist people randomly after preparing the list of associations were selected by four of Ahvaz. In the present study to measure the rate of subjects having mental health and assess the psychological symptoms of "revised list of psychological symptoms (symptom checklist 90-revised »)was used. Original form of the questionnaire (scl 90), by [10] were prepared. Dragutys et al (1984) mentioned questionnaire revised and its final form with a revised list of psychological symptoms (scl90-r) were prepared. Mirzaei for the first time in Iran in 1995 in the 2241 study subjects, from the list of psychological symptoms (scl90) use and reliability and validity of these questionnaires to be studied in the whole country. The results showed extensive high reliability and validity of the questionnaire concerning the original language questionnaire results [10]. Renewal form final questionnaire mentioned in the study [11] on Islamic Azad University of Shahid Chamran, were normalized. Reliability: research Nanaly (nunnally) reliability coefficients of all aspects of this test using test-retest, between 0.78 till 0 .90 has been reported. Also, research by Dragutys, Ryklz and Rock (rickles & rake) with a sample of 219 subjects in each volunteer recruits in the U.S. took reliability coefficient mental health overall and each of the dimensions ninth`s test methods test-retest, Cronbach's alpha and Kuder Richardson 20 , desirable and satisfactory test. The coefficients range between 77 / 0 90 / 0 in the oscillation [11]. Validity: This study tests the many used and have high credibility. Dragutys, Ryklz and Rock (1976) nine dimensions Ganh concurrent validity test with a questionnaire Polyhedral Minnesota (MMPI), in the range 0.36 till 0.73 has been reported (quoting Rezaei, 1998). Yarahmady research (1997), the validity range of above 0.27 / 0. 56, all of which have been reported in at least p < 0.05 are significant. Rezapour (1997), the same validity in their study, between 0.38 till 0.66 has been reported. He criterion validity coefficient simultaneously test scores above the overall mental health questionnaire to rate multimodal Minnesota 72 / 0 = r has reported that the level of credit in 001 / 0> p was significant. Considering the above results show that all of them denote the top list of credits review psychological symptoms are tried [13]. In the present study to measure test scl25 scl90-r test was used. Scl25 test as an indicator of concurrent validity has been used. Results of the validity rate was 50 r = the level of credit in p<0.01 is significant. Results First hypothesis: among subjects of each of the four groups studied art Non-artist group of mental health differences exist. As can be inferred from the table, he hypothesis of equal means of different groups based on the dependent variable (mental health) in a=0.01 can be rejected. This means that at least two groups of target subjects, the dependent variables together are significant. Therefore, research hypothesis, ie significant differences in the outcomes of mental health among artists and people Non-artist be confirmed. To assess more accurately the difference between the mean scores of subjects in four groups of artists and groups Non-artist separately are compared. Between subjects for each of the four groups studied art with non artist consider nine components of mental health there are differences. 3
122
EghbalZarei Zarei/ Procedia et al. / Procedia and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 119 – 128 Eghbal – Social- Social and Behavioral Sciences 00 (2011) 000–000
As can be seen in the table above, between the subscales of mental health subjects Non-artist artists and individuals, but components of aggression, somatic complaints, phobia, interpersonal sensitivity and obsessive compulsion, at least a =0.05 df =4 with 373 and there are significant differences. Although the components of aggression, somatic complaints and phobia there are significant differences, but The significant difference between non-artists are not artists. Therefore, only hypotheses related to anxiety, depression, paranoid ideation, and psychosis are approved. To assess more accurately, where the difference between average observed subjects in each component of oneway was used followed Scheffe method because disparity of the number of subjects in each group had, to use. Their results will be presented below. Second hypothesis: between subjects in four groups display artistic field, poetry and literature, visual arts, music and the group of mental health Non-artist difference there. Analysis of this hypothesis, one-way analysis of variance was used. The results in Table 4-103 indicates that (f =3.81, p <0.004, df = 4 and 373) significant difference between mean scores of mental health subjects variable and group artist Non-artist, there. Therefore, research hypothesis based on differences between mean scores of different groups in the level of significance will be accepted. To find this difference observed between the averages in Table 3 Which group has been followed Scheffe method, the results are presented in Table 4 were used. This table variable where significant differences in the mental health field between the artists and groups display Non-artist shows. Therefore, only this part of the research hypotheses about group differences with the group display is approved Non-artist is placed. Third hypothesis: among subjects of each of the four groups studied art with an artist of non-aggression difference there. To realize that this significant difference between the average in Table 2 of the groups which has been followed Scheffe method, the results are presented in Table 5, were used. Place the table after a significant difference in aggression between artists with artists display field shows the field of music. But, between artists and non artists did not show significant differences. Therefore, the research hypotheses related to the different groups is an artist with groups Non-artist not be approved. 4-2 hypothesis: among subjects of each of the four groups studied art with people of other artists there are differences in anxiety. To realize that this significant difference between the average in Table 2 of the groups which has been followed Scheffe method, the results are presented in Table 6, were used. The table where the significant differences between anxiety artists display field Non-artist group shows. Therefore, only this part of the research hypotheses about group differences with non artists display is approved is placed. Forth hypothesis: between four groups of subjects studied art Non-artist group of interpersonal differences in sensitivity exist. The results in Table 2 can be said that the average scores between groups with non-artist art of interpersonal sensitivity, there is no significant difference, therefore, confirmed the research hypothesis is not accepted. Fifth hypothesis: between each one subjects of the four groups studied art with Non-artist of depression there is a difference. To realize that this difference in Table 2 between groups of means which has been followed Scheffe method, the results presented in Table 7 is used. Place the table after a significant difference in depression between artists and the visual arts field Non-artist group shows. Therefore, only this part of the research hypotheses related to different groups is arts group approved Non-artist is placed. 4
Eghbal ZareiZarei et al./ Procedia / Procedia–-Social Socialand andBehavioral BehavioralSciences Sciences00 30(2011) (2011)000–000 119 – 128 Eghbal
123
Sixth hypothesis: between subjects each of the four groups studied art with a group of obsessive compulsive Non-artist difference there. The results in Table 2, we can say that the average scores between groups with people Non-artist of artistic obsession - having no significant difference. Therefore, the research hypothesis is not confirmed. Seventh hypothesis: between subjects each of the four groups studied art with a group of phobia Non-artist difference there. The results in Table 2, we can say that the average scores between groups with non-artist art of phobia there is no significant difference. Therefore, the research hypothesis is not confirmed. Eight subjects hypothesis between any of the four groups studied art with non-paranoid thoughts of the artist is different. To realize that this significant difference between the average in Table 2 of the groups which has been followed Scheffe method, the results presented in Table 8 is used. The table where the significant differences between paranoid ideation fields display artists and music with other artist groups show. Therefore, only this part of the research hypotheses about group differences with non artists display is approved is placed. Tenth Hypothesis : between the subjects of each of the four groups studied art with non-ARTIST of psychosis there is a difference. To achieve this a significant difference between the average in Table 2 of the groups which has been followed Scheffe method, the results of which are presented in Table 9, were used. The table where the significant differences between artists psychosis Field View Non-artist group shows. Eleventh hypothesis: between subjects each of the four groups studied art with other artist groups of somatization difference there. The results in Table 2 can be said that the average scores between groups with people Non-artist art of physical complaints were significant differences exist. Therefore, research hypothesis can be confirmed. Twelfths hypothesis: between subscales and the NEO scale test of mental health are related. Table 10 and 11, simple correlation coefficients between different dimensions of NEO Personality Inventory characteristics and mental health shows. Considering this table we realized that between thirty subscale and five general personality characteristics and dimensions Maslow hierarchy of needs in different and significant correlation at different levels (0.05 / 0.01 / 0.001) there. Discussion First hypothesis: among subjects of each of the four groups studied art and Non-artist groups of aggression, anxiety, somatic complaints, phobia, paranoid ideation, and psychosis there is a difference. Table 2 shows that the mean scores after the aggression, anxiety, somatic complaints, phobia, paranoid ideation, psychosis and mental health scales Non-artist artists and groups no significant difference. These results mean that artists and groups of people Non-artist after aggressive with each other are different. However, differences obtained does not mean that all art groups with non-artist of the variables are significantly different from each other, but at least we can say that among a group of four non-artist art with a significant difference there. In Table follow Scheffe Test Results section was referred to. The results of this theory with research [3, 5, 12 and 14 and 17] there is coordination. Anxiety and fear core comprises flower artists. Anxiety is a necessary condition for innovation and invention. Anxiety and fear that the artist ingenuity of entrepreneurs is denied, his hand is empty and will not be able create works of art and creative vision and imagination to defend against fear and anxiety is the outside world. If the escape from the reality of the outside world and the extreme aspect of the disease can not develop their creative and artistic growth are thinking. Otherwise, the intellectual stagnation and solidity will follow. 5
124
EghbalZarei Zarei/ Procedia et al. / Procedia and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 119 – 128 Eghbal – Social- Social and Behavioral Sciences 00 (2011) 000–000
Second hypothesis: among subjects of each of the four groups studied art and Non-artist Department of interpersonal sensitivity and obsessive - compulsive difference there. As Table 2 shows that the mean scores after interpersonal sensitivity and obsessive compulsive scale of mental health fields display the artists, poetry and literature, visual arts, music and group Non-artist no significant difference. These results mean that artists and people Non-artist terms of interpersonal sensitivity after each other no difference. The results of this theory with research [1 and 14 and 16] there is coordination All we can deduce that these people Non-artist between artists of later somatic complaints scale of mental health are not significantly different. Study subjects in this study about their body functions, such as pathological; headache, weakness and dizziness, pain in the heart region, lumbago, nausea, muscle pain, shortness of breath, feeling hot flashes or sudden cooling of the body and other physical symptoms together no major difference, though that may mean the difference obtained be seen. In other words ,the same people working towards their body because of pain and complaints have been almost equally stressful with the phenomena that lead to some of the complaints are physical, are met. As seen in this table is strong and significant correlation between the subscales indicate that these two tests which can in some cases these scales in place between the subscales or the cover there Instead of working together to win. In addition, we can deduce that these subscales used to measure credit can be neo mental health scale used. Negative and significant correlation between neo subscales with test their mental health reason, the validity of this scale and high correlations, positive and significant nervousness among the indicators of mental health subscales credit makes it more clear. Furthermore, negative, high and significant indices extraversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness, and agree to the researcher further information regarding this scale will be reliable. The individual indices of extraversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness, and agreement has been gaining a high score in mental health scale scl90 received low scores is because the situation is expected that individual positive aspects of personality is too high in the low scale score makes scl90. The results of this section with the results [2, 3, 14] are coordination and alignment. vision and imagination to defend against fear and anxiety is the outside world. If the escape from the reality of the outside world and the extreme aspect of the disease can not develop their creative and artistic growth are thinking. Otherwise, the intellectual stagnation and solidity will follow. Second hypothesis: among subjects of each of the four groups studied art and Non-artist Department of interpersonal sensitivity and obsessive - compulsive difference there. As Table 2 shows that the mean scores after interpersonal sensitivity and obsessive compulsive scale of mental health fields display the artists, poetry and literature, visual arts, music and group Non-artist no significant difference. These results mean that artists and people Non-artist terms of interpersonal sensitivity after each other no difference. The results of this theory with research [1 and 14 and 16] there is coordination All we can deduce that these people Non-artist between artists of later somatic complaints scale of mental health are not significantly different. Study subjects in this study about their body functions, such as pathological; headache, weakness and dizziness, pain in the heart region, Lumbago, nausea, muscle pain, shortness of breath, feeling hot flashes or sudden cooling of the body and other physical symptoms together no major difference, though that may mean the difference obtained be seen. In other words ,the same people working towards their body because of pain and complaints have been almost equally stressful with the phenomena that lead to some of the complaints are physical, are met. As seen in this table is strong and significant correlation between the subscales indicate that these two tests which can in some cases these scales in place between the subscales or the cover there Instead of working together to win. In addition, we can deduce that these subscales used to measure credit can be neo mental health scale used. Negative and significant correlation between neo subscales back test their mental health reason, the validity of this scale and high correlations, positive and significant nervousness among the indicators of mental health subscales credit makes it more clear. Furthermore, negative, high and significant indices extraversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness, and agree to the researcher further information regarding this scale will be reliable. The 6
125
Eghbal ZareiZarei et al./ Procedia / Procedia–-Social Socialand andBehavioral BehavioralSciences Sciences00 30(2011) (2011)000–000 119 – 128 Eghbal
individual indices of extraversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness, and agreement has been gaining a high score in mental health scale scl90 received low scores is because the situation is expected that individual positive aspects of personality is too high in the low scale score makes scl90. The results of this section with the results [2, 3, 14] are coordination and alignment. Table 1: Results of multivariate analysis of variance (manova) mean scores on the mental health of four artistic groups and Non artist in Ahvaz city Test name
amount
F
hypothesis Df
Df error
Pillais Hottelings Wilks Roys
0.429 0.530 0.621 0.249
4.92 5.35 5.15
36 36 36
1472 1454 1369.56
Level Significance 0.001 0.001 0.001
Table 2: One-way analysis of variance between the dependent variable subscales mental health of four artistic groups and Non artist in city of Ahvaz Mental health component
Total square hypothesis
Total squared error
Hypothesis mean square
Mean squared error
F
Level Significance
Aggression Anxiety
218.45 1035.13 167.04
5881.38 17186.77 12415.95
54.61 258.78 41.76
15.77 46.07 33.28
3.46 5.62 1.25
0.009 0.001 0.287
1181.12 519.67
29914.20 20368.81
295.28 129.92
80.20 54.61
3.68 2.38
0.006 0.05
305.36
14740.75
76.33
39.52
1.93
0.105
118.23 1767.40 839.67
4600.63 8924.24 12605.71
29.56 441.85 209.92
12.33 23.92 33.79
2.39 18.48 6.218
0.05 0.001 0.001
Interpersonal sensitivity Depression Physical complaints Obsession -Compulsion Phobia Paranoid thoughts Psychosis
Table 3: One-way analysis of variance the total scale scores of the four artistic groups and Non artist fields of mental health subjects in the city of Ahvaz Resource change
Degree of freedom ) df (
SS ( Total square )
Mean square ) MS (
Between group Within group total
4 369 373
29423.01 719855.54 749278.56
7355.75 1929.90
F ratio
P Probability
3.81
0.004
Table 4: Results of follow up Scheffe method differences in the total subjects in four artist groups and Non artist group in the variable of mental health. Mean
groups
149.24 149.37 155.93 164.23 171.95
Non-artist2 Music 5 Poetry and Literature3
1
4
3
5
*
Visual Arts 4 Displaying 1 7
2
*
126
Eghbal al. / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 119 – 128 Eghbal Zarei Zareiet/ Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 00 (2011) 000–000
P< 0.004 Table 5: Results of follow-up Scheffe method differences in all four groups of subjects except artist and Non artist group of mental health variables aggression Mean 10.38 10.65 10.87 11.38 12.55
groups
1
4
2
3
5
Music 5 Poetry and Literature3
*
Non-artist2 Visual Arts 4 Displaying 1
P< 0.008
Table 6: Results of follow up Scheffe method differences in total four artist groups and Non artist group in anxiety mental health variables Mean 17.20 18.00 19.48 20.23 21.84
P< 0.0002
groups Non-artist2 Music 5 Poetry and Literature3
1
4
3
Visual Arts 4 Displaying 1
5
2
*
*
Table 7: Results of follow up Scheffe method differences in the total subjects in four artist groups and Non artist group in depression mental health variables Mean 24.80 26.94 28.12 29.00 29.76
groups
4
1
3
5
2
Non-artist2 Music 5 Poetry and Literature3
*
Displaying 1 Visual Arts 4
P< 0.005
Table 8: Results of follow up Scheffe method differences in the total subjects in four artist groups and Non artist group in paranoia mental health variables Mean 11.53 13.88 13.93 15.11 18.24
P< 0.0001
groups Music 5 Poetry and Literature3 Non-artist2 Visual Arts 4
1
4
*
Displaying 1
2
*
3
5
* *
*
Table 9: Results of follow up Scheffe method differences in the total subjects in four artist groups and Non artist group psychosis in later mental health scale
P< 0.0001
Mean 16.65 16.94 17.08 18.16 20.72
groups Music 5 Non-artist2 Poetry and Literature3 Visual Arts 4 Displaying 1
1
4
3
*
8
2
*
5
*
127
Eghbal Zarei Zarei et al. // Procedia – 128 Eghbal Procedia -–Social Socialand andBehavioral BehavioralSciences Sciences30 00(2011) (2011)119 000–000
Table 10: Simple correlation coefficients between 6 first side of mental health and 35 indicators and sub indicators of NEO personality questionnaire of artists and non artists groups in the city of Ahvaz Criterion variable Predictive variables
Anxiety Anger and hatred Depression Feel guilty تكانشوري Vulnerability Intimacy Plurality Assertive Physical activity Thrill seeking Positive feelings Imagination Aesthetics Emotions Interests Comments Values Trust Simplicity Sympathy Adherence Humility Understanding others Suitability Order Dutiful Successful attempt Internal Order Rigid Nervousness Extroversion Openness Agreement Conscientiousness
Significance levels: * P < 0.05
,
Hostility 0.31* * * 0.35* * * 0.21* ** 0.29* * * 0.27* * * 0.29* * * -0.23* * * -0.14* * -0.06 -0.03 0.02 -0.08 0.008 -0.05 0.05 0.01 -0.04 -0.01 -0.32* * * -0.13 * * -0.17 * * * -0.31* * * -0.02 -0.07 -0.19* * * -0.06 -0.13* * -0.10* -0.05 -0.22* * * 0.39* * * -0.15* * -0.01 -0.29* * * -0.16* **
** P < 0.01
Anxiety 0.48* * * 0.38* * * 0.36* * * 0.38* * * 0.25* * * 0.34* * * -0.25* * * -0.09* -0.13* -0.18 * * 0.04 -0.17* * * 0.14 0.04 0.08 0.05 0.03 -0.10* -0.36* * * -0.23* * * -0.23* * * -0.20* * * -0.07 0.03 -0.25* * * -0.12* * -0.22* ** -0.15* * -0.19* ** -0.26***
0.50 * * * -0.21* ** 0.05 -0.31* * * -0.26* * *
,
Interpersonal sensitivity 0.47* * * 0.43* * * 0.43* * * 0.51* * * 0.27* * 0.38* * * -0.32* * * -0.10* -0.19* * * -0.15* * 0.07 -0.22* ** -0.11* * -0.02 -0.05 0.004 -0.07 -0.11* -0.42* * * -0.19* * * -0.20* * * -0.28* * * 0.04 0.02 -0.30* * * -0.15* * -0.28* * * -0.21* * * -0.20* * * -0.31* * * 0.57* * * -0.25* * * -0.02 -0.31* * * -0.31* * *
Depression 0.42* * * 0.37* * * 0.46* * * 0.39* * * 0.17 * * * 0.31* * * -0.21* * * -0.08 -0.10* -0.19* ** 0.11* -0.30* * * 0.12* * 0.06 0.05 0.07 -0.004 -0.08 -0.33* * * -0.16* * * -0.22* ** -0.18 * * * 0.01 0.07 -0.26* * * -0.17 * * * -0.19* * * -0.15* * -0.20* * * -0.22* * * 0.50 * * * -0.21* ** 0.07 -0.24* * * -0.25* * *
Physical complaints 0.24* * * 0.38* * * 0.22* * * 0.24* * * 0.12* 0.15 * * * -0.23* * * -0.04 -0.02 -0.13* * 0.13* * -0.15* * 0.12* * 0.05 0.05 0.10 0.03 -0.15* * -0.30* * * -0.30* * * -0.23* * * -0.21* * * -0.12* * 0.11* -0.12* * -0.11* * -0.16* ** -0.06 -0.08 -0.12* 0.31* * * -0.12* * * 0.07 -0.32* * * -0.14* *
Obsession Compulsion 0.50 * * * 0.39* * * 0.52 * * * 0.42 * * * 0.34* * * 0.52 * * * -0.28* * * -0.19* * * -0.27 * * * 0.12* * 0.04 -0.30* * * 0.10* 0.002 -0.09* -0.04 -0.09* -0.10* 0.33* * * -0.19* * * -0.21* ** -0.28* * * -0.07 -0.07 -0.42* * * -0.18 * * * -0.31* * * -0.28* * * -0.27* * * -0.42* * * 0.62* * * 0.31* * * -0.04 -0.28* * * -0.41* * *
*** P < 0.001
Table 11: Simple correlation coefficients between mental health with personality characteristics of artists and Non artist group in city of Ahvaz Criterion variable Predictive variables Anxiety Anger and hatred Depression Feel guilty تكانشوري Vulnerability Intimacy Plurality Assertive Physical activity Thrill seeking Positive feelings Imagination
Phobia 0.42 * * * 0.31* * * 0.31* * * 0.44* * * 0.24* * * 0.39* * * -0.38* * * -0.21* * * -0.26* * * -0.26* * * -0.01 -0.24* * * 0.09*
Paranoid thoughts 0.13 * * 0.20* ** 0.07 0.17* ** 0.12* ** 0.03 -0.19* ** -0.21* * * 0.12* ** -0.07 -0.08 -0.16* ** -0.14* ** 9
Psychosis 0.29* * * 0.39* * * 0.23* * * 0.34* * * 0.24* * * 0.21* * * -0.24* * * -0.11* -0.06 -0.11* -0.02 -0.12** 0.02
Total score SCL90 0.45* * * 0.44 * * * 0.40 * * * 0.43 * * * 0.27* * * 0.35* * * -0.31* * * -0.15* ** -0.13** -0.17* ** 0.06 -0.25* * * 0.09*
128
EghbalZarei Zarei/etProcedia al. / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 119 – 128 Eghbal – Social and Behavioral Sciences 00 (2011) 000–000
Aesthetics Emotions Interests Comments Values Trust Simplicity Sympathy Adherence Humility Understanding others Suitability Order Dutiful Successful attempt Internal Order Rigid Nervousness Extroversion Openness Agreement Conscientiousness
Significance levels: * P < 0.05
,
** P < 0.01
,
-0.41* * -0.41* * -0.03 -0.16* ** -0.11* -0.35* * * -0.19* ** -0.25* * * -0.17* ** 0.07 -0.10* -0.33* * * -0.10* -0.35* * * -0.25* * * -0.25* * * 0.30* * * 0.48 * * * -0.38* * * -0.12* -0.29* * * -0.34* * *
0.12* 0.01 -0.007 -0.10* -0.17* ** -0.40* * * 0.02 -0.08 0.09* -0.17* ** 0.13 * * 0.04 0.15* 0.14 ** 0.03 0.07 0.03 0.16* * * -0.15* * * -0.08 -0.16* * * 0.10*
0.009 0.06 0.03 -0.05 -0.09* -0.37* * * -0.16* ** -0.13 ** -0.22* * * -0.07 0.09* -0.14 ** -0.03 -0.13 ** -0.05 -0.10* 0.15* * 0.38* * * -0.18* * * -0.004 -0.25* * * -0.14 **
0.02 0.01 0.04 -0.06 -0.13* * * -0.43* * * -0.22* * * -0.24* * * -0.26* * * -0.04 0.04 -0.27* * * -0.11* -0.22 ** -0.16* * * 0.18* * * 0.27* * * 0.53* * * -0.26* * * 0.003 -0.34* * * -0.26* * *
*** P < 0.001
References 1- Gang, Hu, livesley, Angleitner, Remain, Ando, Ono Vernon & Hammer (2001).Covariance Structure of neuroticism and agreeable: A Twin and Molecular Gentry analysis of role 2-math, M. (2000). "Evaluation of mental health and self esteem among artists and Non artistan Ahvaz city." End letter BS, Azad University of Ahvaz. 3-Abdullah Pur infidelity, Parvin (1997). "Relationship in the form of musicians creating music in Tehran." Rsalh General Psychology, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz. 4-Deragotis, L, R, Lipman, R.S. & Covey, A. A (1973). SCL90: An out pation psychiatric rating scale preliminary report. Psychopharmacology bulletin, (1): 13-27. 5-Barker, Jean A. (1995). Depression and suicidal ideation among academically gifted adolescents. Gifted child quarterly 39(4). 218-223. 6- Deragotis, L, R, Morrow, J, A, Feting, J., & Holland, J. (1984). The SCL90-R, as a psychiatric screening measurein. A Cancer pupulation, American Journal Epidem. 7- Marashi, Seyed Mohammad Reza (1996). "Comparison of social adjustment and mental health of employed and unemployed veterans of Ahvaz. End public letter Psychology, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz. 8- French, J, R, D & Caplan, R. D. (1973). Organizational stress and individual strain. In A.J. Marrow. The failure of success. New York: AMA.com. P 30-36. 9-Kalat, G, W. (1990). Introduction to psychology. Fourth edition. Wads worth publishing company: Belmont. 10-Rezapour, M. (1997). "Test scl90 - r on the students and the University of Shahid Chamran Ahvaz Azad. MS letter end evaluation and assessment. Allameh Tabatabaei University in Tehran. 11-steel city of Ray, Cream F. (1995). "Relationship between psychological factors, stressful job performance and male and female students of Shahid Chamran University." End letter of Educational Psychology, Shahid Chamran University. 12-Yarahmdy, Ardeshir (1997). "Relationship of stress with physical illnesses - mental and general health of teachers in the city of Ahvaz treated according to the adjustment variables of social support and harness position." End letter Psychology General, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz 13-Najjarian, February, and David, Iran (2001). "Construction and validation seeking s cl-25 .»Journal of Psychology, fifth period, the second number, pages 136 till 149. 14-Ghelichkhani, Song (1996). "Vulnerability Assessment of psychiatric and psychological pressures artists to compare it with ordinary people in Ahvaz. BA General Psychology letter end. Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz. 15- Cattle, R.B.(1959). The meaning and measurement of neuroticism and anxiety. New York: Arnold. 16- Kasel, S, V. (1973). Mental health & the work environment. Journal occup. Med. 156, 506-518. 17-Shifer (1970). Anxiety, time pressure and creativity among scientists. Indian journal of clinical psychology. Vol. s (90). 183-188. 18- Mousavi, Seyed Ali (1998). "Relationship between achievement motivation and job satisfaction with mental health and male responsibility in the education teachers Ahvaz Schools." End letter of Educational Psychology, Shahid Chamran University. 10
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 00 (2011) 000–000 Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 119 – 128
www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia
WCPCG-2011
Mental health compared with non-artists, artist, and its relationship with NEOPI personality scale in city of Ahvaz Eghbal Zareia*, Bahare Mirahmadya, Ehsan Soltaniana
a
Bandar Abbas, 9 km road Minab, Hormozgan University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Psychology POBox:
Abstract The artists have different roles in society therefore , may be opposite types psychopathological. The aim of this study was to compare artist of mental health artists and non artists and relationship it with NEOPI scale. The samples consisted of 320 artists being members of literature , theater acting music and visual arts committee and 80 non artists working in Islamic Ershad office of khozestan in Ahvaz and art department of Islamic tablighat organization .Methodology:Research design was descriptive of type causal-comparative t . The samples consisted of 320 artists being members of literature , theater acting music and visual arts committee and 80 non artists subjects were selected by stratified sampling random method for this project .The instruments of this research were;1)SCL90-R scale 2)NEOP Questionnaire and 3) General information questionnaire.Results:The results of showed that The main hypothesis was that artists and non artists in general differ regarding their mental health . the data were analyzed by using MANOVA . The (F) ratios obtained for Pillais , Hotel lings , and Wills were 4.92 5.35and 5.15 respectively which in dictate significant differences . Further more , this study indicate four sub-hypotheses , aggression, anxiety , depression, psycho –somatic , phobia , paranoia and psychotic . The data was analyzed through one way analysis of variance to test subhypotheses . The result of this subscales showed that significant difference. But , results in interpersonal relationship , and obsessive- compulsive weren't significant difference. Also , the result showed that among mental health and NEOPI subscales significant correlation at least p<.05.Conclusion:Therefore . emotional force in artists non different atomically. But , that is different emotional cognition artists depend on their direction. © PublishedbybyElsevier Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the 2nd World Conference © 2011 2011 Published Ltd.
on Psychology, Counselling and Guidance.
Keywords : mental health, artists , non artists ,NEOPI
1. Introduction In research [1], while expression psychosis ((psychosis not anything new and creates new, flower neurosis)) can be force creator of art and genius. Freud followers believe in a lot of artists discovered flower obvious signs of anxiety and fear are the main core of the flower makes up artists. Some believe the anxiety disputes between instincts and is a world outside. The anxiety within each there is a zombie, but artists and poets more than any other person suffering from it. Anxiety is a necessary condition for innovation and Creative. Anxiety and fear of an artist's genius is disadvantaged entrepreneurs, his hand is empty and will not be able work of art create a significant and creative. Creative artist and real efforts to get rid of anxiety is created. Artistic work with a man reaches fruition if Nowruz, the artist creates within him, and if you fail to bear fruit and disease creates. Inability to express emotions, artist forced a fundamental change in words, colors ,sounds and objects will
* Eghbal Zarei. Tel.: 09173585169 E-mail address: [email protected]. 1877-0428 © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the 2nd World Conference on Psychology, Counselling and Guidance. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.024
120
EghbalZarei Zarei/ Procedia et al. / Procedia and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 119 – 128 Eghbal – Social- Social and Behavioral Sciences 00 (2011) 000–000
thereby be able to express their emotions. Sympathy force in the artists themselves, with no difference, what makes the difference and ultimately affect an artist's understanding of other artists is to it. Artist emotions dominate simply Poet and artist who dreamed of power have broader boundaries between hyper insanity (delusion) (ie, dreamed of mental illness patients) and healthy thoughts are flying. Help dreamed range should be expanded consciousness and clear thinking. If you dreamed of dreams and legends narrators intelligence forces out of control to grab the border and near insanity in all dimensions will exceed the normal boundaries. In that case, false images of the artist nonexistent objects created in your mind and the outside world as real images and both shall agree (fantasy), and insanity madness (insanity) begins from this point [3]. Above expression leads to curiosity and new searches on differences within the group and a group of artists should be made out. In this study personality characteristics of mental health, basic needs and the creativity of artists and individuals shall be evaluated Non-artist. In other words, people see an artist interested in the non artist Which of these variables were similar in terms of which of the variables are different? .I want to see in this study between the artist and the people of Ahwaz Non-artist mental health differences exist. In this study Non-artist artist and as independent variables and mental health as dependent variables are.. In research [4] on suicide among 138 men and 109 women among high school students that prefer to questionnaires about the types of music and the messages received from the music were completed. This information about suicidal thinking, fault intentional, being anxious and crime were more questions in the field of addiction, and environmental risk to families. The sex of the individuals were separated. 74 percent of the pop girls and 70. 7 percent of boys rock heavy metal music or preferred. The results showed that heavy metal or rock music rather creating suicide ideation, intentional wrong actions, anxiety, crime, addiction, and is associated with the wrong family, especially for girls, the issue was more the reality. Feel sadness after listening to music cause are encouraged to get worse. In another study [5] on the patient's attitude and her professional relationship with the music therapy results showed that mental health promotion and music therapy are related .. In this study, 271 patients (psychiatrist, clinical psychologist, social worker or nurse) 210 and 138 patients to music therapy in facilitating the role of psychologists in treatment were studied. Most mental health professionals thought about music therapy have positive but less than patients of music therapy professionals had a positive thought. All music on increasing mental health treatment has a positive role. Research in [6] on 28 female art students did research, the students were able to talk face to face, then work it was evaluated. In this study it was found that among low self-esteem feel no merit in his works and other art works and lack of interest in the relationship there. Research in [7] on the effect of art in mental health system to improve results showed that the art in mental health planning and application of social scientific value plays an essential role. In all activities, art, artist, his works represent the emotions flowing and will help with mental mining can connect to the appropriate parts of their inner world, emotions are separated and tried because of mental art and mining areas common terms and in terms of psychological reality that [8]. In a study [9] on 56 scientists to study the relationship between anxiety and creativity pay. The results of his study showed an inverse relationship between anxiety and creativity there. Research on mental health and self esteem of the artists and Non-artists were compared. To achieve this aim a group of visual artists and display fields in Ahwaz city and select these features was studied. In this study, sampling was random. The study sample consisted of 100 individuals and 50 Non-artist 50 artists who were employees of oil companies. Sample size of both male and female subjects were. In this study of mental health tests SCL90 - R Gyzly esteem test was used. The data results from two independent groups t test analysis were. Alpha-level results 0.05 and 0.01 were not significant [2].
2
Eghbal ZareiZarei et al./ Procedia / Procedia–-Social Socialand andBehavioral BehavioralSciences Sciences00 30(2011) (2011)000–000 119 – 128 Eghbal
121
Research outline The study of Ali is happening. Facto research, researchers from two or more categories of information relating to the disposal group is in this type of study does not manipulate independent variables, but assume to be independent variables at different levels to normal without any Laboratory involvement there will be a researcher of the independent variables which can be deduced with the independent variables are associated The study population included 1950 in Ahwaz are artists. Number of subjects in this study, 320 patients artist artist artistic four groups include: View, literature, music and visual art, and a group of 80 subjects in each Nonartist people randomly after preparing the list of associations were selected by four of Ahvaz. In the present study to measure the rate of subjects having mental health and assess the psychological symptoms of "revised list of psychological symptoms (symptom checklist 90-revised »)was used. Original form of the questionnaire (scl 90), by [10] were prepared. Dragutys et al (1984) mentioned questionnaire revised and its final form with a revised list of psychological symptoms (scl90-r) were prepared. Mirzaei for the first time in Iran in 1995 in the 2241 study subjects, from the list of psychological symptoms (scl90) use and reliability and validity of these questionnaires to be studied in the whole country. The results showed extensive high reliability and validity of the questionnaire concerning the original language questionnaire results [10]. Renewal form final questionnaire mentioned in the study [11] on Islamic Azad University of Shahid Chamran, were normalized. Reliability: research Nanaly (nunnally) reliability coefficients of all aspects of this test using test-retest, between 0.78 till 0 .90 has been reported. Also, research by Dragutys, Ryklz and Rock (rickles & rake) with a sample of 219 subjects in each volunteer recruits in the U.S. took reliability coefficient mental health overall and each of the dimensions ninth`s test methods test-retest, Cronbach's alpha and Kuder Richardson 20 , desirable and satisfactory test. The coefficients range between 77 / 0 90 / 0 in the oscillation [11]. Validity: This study tests the many used and have high credibility. Dragutys, Ryklz and Rock (1976) nine dimensions Ganh concurrent validity test with a questionnaire Polyhedral Minnesota (MMPI), in the range 0.36 till 0.73 has been reported (quoting Rezaei, 1998). Yarahmady research (1997), the validity range of above 0.27 / 0. 56, all of which have been reported in at least p < 0.05 are significant. Rezapour (1997), the same validity in their study, between 0.38 till 0.66 has been reported. He criterion validity coefficient simultaneously test scores above the overall mental health questionnaire to rate multimodal Minnesota 72 / 0 = r has reported that the level of credit in 001 / 0> p was significant. Considering the above results show that all of them denote the top list of credits review psychological symptoms are tried [13]. In the present study to measure test scl25 scl90-r test was used. Scl25 test as an indicator of concurrent validity has been used. Results of the validity rate was 50 r = the level of credit in p<0.01 is significant. Results First hypothesis: among subjects of each of the four groups studied art Non-artist group of mental health differences exist. As can be inferred from the table, he hypothesis of equal means of different groups based on the dependent variable (mental health) in a=0.01 can be rejected. This means that at least two groups of target subjects, the dependent variables together are significant. Therefore, research hypothesis, ie significant differences in the outcomes of mental health among artists and people Non-artist be confirmed. To assess more accurately the difference between the mean scores of subjects in four groups of artists and groups Non-artist separately are compared. Between subjects for each of the four groups studied art with non artist consider nine components of mental health there are differences. 3
122
EghbalZarei Zarei/ Procedia et al. / Procedia and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 119 – 128 Eghbal – Social- Social and Behavioral Sciences 00 (2011) 000–000
As can be seen in the table above, between the subscales of mental health subjects Non-artist artists and individuals, but components of aggression, somatic complaints, phobia, interpersonal sensitivity and obsessive compulsion, at least a =0.05 df =4 with 373 and there are significant differences. Although the components of aggression, somatic complaints and phobia there are significant differences, but The significant difference between non-artists are not artists. Therefore, only hypotheses related to anxiety, depression, paranoid ideation, and psychosis are approved. To assess more accurately, where the difference between average observed subjects in each component of oneway was used followed Scheffe method because disparity of the number of subjects in each group had, to use. Their results will be presented below. Second hypothesis: between subjects in four groups display artistic field, poetry and literature, visual arts, music and the group of mental health Non-artist difference there. Analysis of this hypothesis, one-way analysis of variance was used. The results in Table 4-103 indicates that (f =3.81, p <0.004, df = 4 and 373) significant difference between mean scores of mental health subjects variable and group artist Non-artist, there. Therefore, research hypothesis based on differences between mean scores of different groups in the level of significance will be accepted. To find this difference observed between the averages in Table 3 Which group has been followed Scheffe method, the results are presented in Table 4 were used. This table variable where significant differences in the mental health field between the artists and groups display Non-artist shows. Therefore, only this part of the research hypotheses about group differences with the group display is approved Non-artist is placed. Third hypothesis: among subjects of each of the four groups studied art with an artist of non-aggression difference there. To realize that this significant difference between the average in Table 2 of the groups which has been followed Scheffe method, the results are presented in Table 5, were used. Place the table after a significant difference in aggression between artists with artists display field shows the field of music. But, between artists and non artists did not show significant differences. Therefore, the research hypotheses related to the different groups is an artist with groups Non-artist not be approved. 4-2 hypothesis: among subjects of each of the four groups studied art with people of other artists there are differences in anxiety. To realize that this significant difference between the average in Table 2 of the groups which has been followed Scheffe method, the results are presented in Table 6, were used. The table where the significant differences between anxiety artists display field Non-artist group shows. Therefore, only this part of the research hypotheses about group differences with non artists display is approved is placed. Forth hypothesis: between four groups of subjects studied art Non-artist group of interpersonal differences in sensitivity exist. The results in Table 2 can be said that the average scores between groups with non-artist art of interpersonal sensitivity, there is no significant difference, therefore, confirmed the research hypothesis is not accepted. Fifth hypothesis: between each one subjects of the four groups studied art with Non-artist of depression there is a difference. To realize that this difference in Table 2 between groups of means which has been followed Scheffe method, the results presented in Table 7 is used. Place the table after a significant difference in depression between artists and the visual arts field Non-artist group shows. Therefore, only this part of the research hypotheses related to different groups is arts group approved Non-artist is placed. 4
Eghbal ZareiZarei et al./ Procedia / Procedia–-Social Socialand andBehavioral BehavioralSciences Sciences00 30(2011) (2011)000–000 119 – 128 Eghbal
123
Sixth hypothesis: between subjects each of the four groups studied art with a group of obsessive compulsive Non-artist difference there. The results in Table 2, we can say that the average scores between groups with people Non-artist of artistic obsession - having no significant difference. Therefore, the research hypothesis is not confirmed. Seventh hypothesis: between subjects each of the four groups studied art with a group of phobia Non-artist difference there. The results in Table 2, we can say that the average scores between groups with non-artist art of phobia there is no significant difference. Therefore, the research hypothesis is not confirmed. Eight subjects hypothesis between any of the four groups studied art with non-paranoid thoughts of the artist is different. To realize that this significant difference between the average in Table 2 of the groups which has been followed Scheffe method, the results presented in Table 8 is used. The table where the significant differences between paranoid ideation fields display artists and music with other artist groups show. Therefore, only this part of the research hypotheses about group differences with non artists display is approved is placed. Tenth Hypothesis : between the subjects of each of the four groups studied art with non-ARTIST of psychosis there is a difference. To achieve this a significant difference between the average in Table 2 of the groups which has been followed Scheffe method, the results of which are presented in Table 9, were used. The table where the significant differences between artists psychosis Field View Non-artist group shows. Eleventh hypothesis: between subjects each of the four groups studied art with other artist groups of somatization difference there. The results in Table 2 can be said that the average scores between groups with people Non-artist art of physical complaints were significant differences exist. Therefore, research hypothesis can be confirmed. Twelfths hypothesis: between subscales and the NEO scale test of mental health are related. Table 10 and 11, simple correlation coefficients between different dimensions of NEO Personality Inventory characteristics and mental health shows. Considering this table we realized that between thirty subscale and five general personality characteristics and dimensions Maslow hierarchy of needs in different and significant correlation at different levels (0.05 / 0.01 / 0.001) there. Discussion First hypothesis: among subjects of each of the four groups studied art and Non-artist groups of aggression, anxiety, somatic complaints, phobia, paranoid ideation, and psychosis there is a difference. Table 2 shows that the mean scores after the aggression, anxiety, somatic complaints, phobia, paranoid ideation, psychosis and mental health scales Non-artist artists and groups no significant difference. These results mean that artists and groups of people Non-artist after aggressive with each other are different. However, differences obtained does not mean that all art groups with non-artist of the variables are significantly different from each other, but at least we can say that among a group of four non-artist art with a significant difference there. In Table follow Scheffe Test Results section was referred to. The results of this theory with research [3, 5, 12 and 14 and 17] there is coordination. Anxiety and fear core comprises flower artists. Anxiety is a necessary condition for innovation and invention. Anxiety and fear that the artist ingenuity of entrepreneurs is denied, his hand is empty and will not be able create works of art and creative vision and imagination to defend against fear and anxiety is the outside world. If the escape from the reality of the outside world and the extreme aspect of the disease can not develop their creative and artistic growth are thinking. Otherwise, the intellectual stagnation and solidity will follow. 5
124
EghbalZarei Zarei/ Procedia et al. / Procedia and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 119 – 128 Eghbal – Social- Social and Behavioral Sciences 00 (2011) 000–000
Second hypothesis: among subjects of each of the four groups studied art and Non-artist Department of interpersonal sensitivity and obsessive - compulsive difference there. As Table 2 shows that the mean scores after interpersonal sensitivity and obsessive compulsive scale of mental health fields display the artists, poetry and literature, visual arts, music and group Non-artist no significant difference. These results mean that artists and people Non-artist terms of interpersonal sensitivity after each other no difference. The results of this theory with research [1 and 14 and 16] there is coordination All we can deduce that these people Non-artist between artists of later somatic complaints scale of mental health are not significantly different. Study subjects in this study about their body functions, such as pathological; headache, weakness and dizziness, pain in the heart region, lumbago, nausea, muscle pain, shortness of breath, feeling hot flashes or sudden cooling of the body and other physical symptoms together no major difference, though that may mean the difference obtained be seen. In other words ,the same people working towards their body because of pain and complaints have been almost equally stressful with the phenomena that lead to some of the complaints are physical, are met. As seen in this table is strong and significant correlation between the subscales indicate that these two tests which can in some cases these scales in place between the subscales or the cover there Instead of working together to win. In addition, we can deduce that these subscales used to measure credit can be neo mental health scale used. Negative and significant correlation between neo subscales with test their mental health reason, the validity of this scale and high correlations, positive and significant nervousness among the indicators of mental health subscales credit makes it more clear. Furthermore, negative, high and significant indices extraversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness, and agree to the researcher further information regarding this scale will be reliable. The individual indices of extraversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness, and agreement has been gaining a high score in mental health scale scl90 received low scores is because the situation is expected that individual positive aspects of personality is too high in the low scale score makes scl90. The results of this section with the results [2, 3, 14] are coordination and alignment. vision and imagination to defend against fear and anxiety is the outside world. If the escape from the reality of the outside world and the extreme aspect of the disease can not develop their creative and artistic growth are thinking. Otherwise, the intellectual stagnation and solidity will follow. Second hypothesis: among subjects of each of the four groups studied art and Non-artist Department of interpersonal sensitivity and obsessive - compulsive difference there. As Table 2 shows that the mean scores after interpersonal sensitivity and obsessive compulsive scale of mental health fields display the artists, poetry and literature, visual arts, music and group Non-artist no significant difference. These results mean that artists and people Non-artist terms of interpersonal sensitivity after each other no difference. The results of this theory with research [1 and 14 and 16] there is coordination All we can deduce that these people Non-artist between artists of later somatic complaints scale of mental health are not significantly different. Study subjects in this study about their body functions, such as pathological; headache, weakness and dizziness, pain in the heart region, Lumbago, nausea, muscle pain, shortness of breath, feeling hot flashes or sudden cooling of the body and other physical symptoms together no major difference, though that may mean the difference obtained be seen. In other words ,the same people working towards their body because of pain and complaints have been almost equally stressful with the phenomena that lead to some of the complaints are physical, are met. As seen in this table is strong and significant correlation between the subscales indicate that these two tests which can in some cases these scales in place between the subscales or the cover there Instead of working together to win. In addition, we can deduce that these subscales used to measure credit can be neo mental health scale used. Negative and significant correlation between neo subscales back test their mental health reason, the validity of this scale and high correlations, positive and significant nervousness among the indicators of mental health subscales credit makes it more clear. Furthermore, negative, high and significant indices extraversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness, and agree to the researcher further information regarding this scale will be reliable. The 6
125
Eghbal ZareiZarei et al./ Procedia / Procedia–-Social Socialand andBehavioral BehavioralSciences Sciences00 30(2011) (2011)000–000 119 – 128 Eghbal
individual indices of extraversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness, and agreement has been gaining a high score in mental health scale scl90 received low scores is because the situation is expected that individual positive aspects of personality is too high in the low scale score makes scl90. The results of this section with the results [2, 3, 14] are coordination and alignment. Table 1: Results of multivariate analysis of variance (manova) mean scores on the mental health of four artistic groups and Non artist in Ahvaz city Test name
amount
F
hypothesis Df
Df error
Pillais Hottelings Wilks Roys
0.429 0.530 0.621 0.249
4.92 5.35 5.15
36 36 36
1472 1454 1369.56
Level Significance 0.001 0.001 0.001
Table 2: One-way analysis of variance between the dependent variable subscales mental health of four artistic groups and Non artist in city of Ahvaz Mental health component
Total square hypothesis
Total squared error
Hypothesis mean square
Mean squared error
F
Level Significance
Aggression Anxiety
218.45 1035.13 167.04
5881.38 17186.77 12415.95
54.61 258.78 41.76
15.77 46.07 33.28
3.46 5.62 1.25
0.009 0.001 0.287
1181.12 519.67
29914.20 20368.81
295.28 129.92
80.20 54.61
3.68 2.38
0.006 0.05
305.36
14740.75
76.33
39.52
1.93
0.105
118.23 1767.40 839.67
4600.63 8924.24 12605.71
29.56 441.85 209.92
12.33 23.92 33.79
2.39 18.48 6.218
0.05 0.001 0.001
Interpersonal sensitivity Depression Physical complaints Obsession -Compulsion Phobia Paranoid thoughts Psychosis
Table 3: One-way analysis of variance the total scale scores of the four artistic groups and Non artist fields of mental health subjects in the city of Ahvaz Resource change
Degree of freedom ) df (
SS ( Total square )
Mean square ) MS (
Between group Within group total
4 369 373
29423.01 719855.54 749278.56
7355.75 1929.90
F ratio
P Probability
3.81
0.004
Table 4: Results of follow up Scheffe method differences in the total subjects in four artist groups and Non artist group in the variable of mental health. Mean
groups
149.24 149.37 155.93 164.23 171.95
Non-artist2 Music 5 Poetry and Literature3
1
4
3
5
*
Visual Arts 4 Displaying 1 7
2
*
126
Eghbal al. / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 119 – 128 Eghbal Zarei Zareiet/ Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 00 (2011) 000–000
P< 0.004 Table 5: Results of follow-up Scheffe method differences in all four groups of subjects except artist and Non artist group of mental health variables aggression Mean 10.38 10.65 10.87 11.38 12.55
groups
1
4
2
3
5
Music 5 Poetry and Literature3
*
Non-artist2 Visual Arts 4 Displaying 1
P< 0.008
Table 6: Results of follow up Scheffe method differences in total four artist groups and Non artist group in anxiety mental health variables Mean 17.20 18.00 19.48 20.23 21.84
P< 0.0002
groups Non-artist2 Music 5 Poetry and Literature3
1
4
3
Visual Arts 4 Displaying 1
5
2
*
*
Table 7: Results of follow up Scheffe method differences in the total subjects in four artist groups and Non artist group in depression mental health variables Mean 24.80 26.94 28.12 29.00 29.76
groups
4
1
3
5
2
Non-artist2 Music 5 Poetry and Literature3
*
Displaying 1 Visual Arts 4
P< 0.005
Table 8: Results of follow up Scheffe method differences in the total subjects in four artist groups and Non artist group in paranoia mental health variables Mean 11.53 13.88 13.93 15.11 18.24
P< 0.0001
groups Music 5 Poetry and Literature3 Non-artist2 Visual Arts 4
1
4
*
Displaying 1
2
*
3
5
* *
*
Table 9: Results of follow up Scheffe method differences in the total subjects in four artist groups and Non artist group psychosis in later mental health scale
P< 0.0001
Mean 16.65 16.94 17.08 18.16 20.72
groups Music 5 Non-artist2 Poetry and Literature3 Visual Arts 4 Displaying 1
1
4
3
*
8
2
*
5
*
127
Eghbal Zarei Zarei et al. // Procedia – 128 Eghbal Procedia -–Social Socialand andBehavioral BehavioralSciences Sciences30 00(2011) (2011)119 000–000
Table 10: Simple correlation coefficients between 6 first side of mental health and 35 indicators and sub indicators of NEO personality questionnaire of artists and non artists groups in the city of Ahvaz Criterion variable Predictive variables
Anxiety Anger and hatred Depression Feel guilty تكانشوري Vulnerability Intimacy Plurality Assertive Physical activity Thrill seeking Positive feelings Imagination Aesthetics Emotions Interests Comments Values Trust Simplicity Sympathy Adherence Humility Understanding others Suitability Order Dutiful Successful attempt Internal Order Rigid Nervousness Extroversion Openness Agreement Conscientiousness
Significance levels: * P < 0.05
,
Hostility 0.31* * * 0.35* * * 0.21* ** 0.29* * * 0.27* * * 0.29* * * -0.23* * * -0.14* * -0.06 -0.03 0.02 -0.08 0.008 -0.05 0.05 0.01 -0.04 -0.01 -0.32* * * -0.13 * * -0.17 * * * -0.31* * * -0.02 -0.07 -0.19* * * -0.06 -0.13* * -0.10* -0.05 -0.22* * * 0.39* * * -0.15* * -0.01 -0.29* * * -0.16* **
** P < 0.01
Anxiety 0.48* * * 0.38* * * 0.36* * * 0.38* * * 0.25* * * 0.34* * * -0.25* * * -0.09* -0.13* -0.18 * * 0.04 -0.17* * * 0.14 0.04 0.08 0.05 0.03 -0.10* -0.36* * * -0.23* * * -0.23* * * -0.20* * * -0.07 0.03 -0.25* * * -0.12* * -0.22* ** -0.15* * -0.19* ** -0.26***
0.50 * * * -0.21* ** 0.05 -0.31* * * -0.26* * *
,
Interpersonal sensitivity 0.47* * * 0.43* * * 0.43* * * 0.51* * * 0.27* * 0.38* * * -0.32* * * -0.10* -0.19* * * -0.15* * 0.07 -0.22* ** -0.11* * -0.02 -0.05 0.004 -0.07 -0.11* -0.42* * * -0.19* * * -0.20* * * -0.28* * * 0.04 0.02 -0.30* * * -0.15* * -0.28* * * -0.21* * * -0.20* * * -0.31* * * 0.57* * * -0.25* * * -0.02 -0.31* * * -0.31* * *
Depression 0.42* * * 0.37* * * 0.46* * * 0.39* * * 0.17 * * * 0.31* * * -0.21* * * -0.08 -0.10* -0.19* ** 0.11* -0.30* * * 0.12* * 0.06 0.05 0.07 -0.004 -0.08 -0.33* * * -0.16* * * -0.22* ** -0.18 * * * 0.01 0.07 -0.26* * * -0.17 * * * -0.19* * * -0.15* * -0.20* * * -0.22* * * 0.50 * * * -0.21* ** 0.07 -0.24* * * -0.25* * *
Physical complaints 0.24* * * 0.38* * * 0.22* * * 0.24* * * 0.12* 0.15 * * * -0.23* * * -0.04 -0.02 -0.13* * 0.13* * -0.15* * 0.12* * 0.05 0.05 0.10 0.03 -0.15* * -0.30* * * -0.30* * * -0.23* * * -0.21* * * -0.12* * 0.11* -0.12* * -0.11* * -0.16* ** -0.06 -0.08 -0.12* 0.31* * * -0.12* * * 0.07 -0.32* * * -0.14* *
Obsession Compulsion 0.50 * * * 0.39* * * 0.52 * * * 0.42 * * * 0.34* * * 0.52 * * * -0.28* * * -0.19* * * -0.27 * * * 0.12* * 0.04 -0.30* * * 0.10* 0.002 -0.09* -0.04 -0.09* -0.10* 0.33* * * -0.19* * * -0.21* ** -0.28* * * -0.07 -0.07 -0.42* * * -0.18 * * * -0.31* * * -0.28* * * -0.27* * * -0.42* * * 0.62* * * 0.31* * * -0.04 -0.28* * * -0.41* * *
*** P < 0.001
Table 11: Simple correlation coefficients between mental health with personality characteristics of artists and Non artist group in city of Ahvaz Criterion variable Predictive variables Anxiety Anger and hatred Depression Feel guilty تكانشوري Vulnerability Intimacy Plurality Assertive Physical activity Thrill seeking Positive feelings Imagination
Phobia 0.42 * * * 0.31* * * 0.31* * * 0.44* * * 0.24* * * 0.39* * * -0.38* * * -0.21* * * -0.26* * * -0.26* * * -0.01 -0.24* * * 0.09*
Paranoid thoughts 0.13 * * 0.20* ** 0.07 0.17* ** 0.12* ** 0.03 -0.19* ** -0.21* * * 0.12* ** -0.07 -0.08 -0.16* ** -0.14* ** 9
Psychosis 0.29* * * 0.39* * * 0.23* * * 0.34* * * 0.24* * * 0.21* * * -0.24* * * -0.11* -0.06 -0.11* -0.02 -0.12** 0.02
Total score SCL90 0.45* * * 0.44 * * * 0.40 * * * 0.43 * * * 0.27* * * 0.35* * * -0.31* * * -0.15* ** -0.13** -0.17* ** 0.06 -0.25* * * 0.09*
128
EghbalZarei Zarei/etProcedia al. / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 119 – 128 Eghbal – Social and Behavioral Sciences 00 (2011) 000–000
Aesthetics Emotions Interests Comments Values Trust Simplicity Sympathy Adherence Humility Understanding others Suitability Order Dutiful Successful attempt Internal Order Rigid Nervousness Extroversion Openness Agreement Conscientiousness
Significance levels: * P < 0.05
,
** P < 0.01
,
-0.41* * -0.41* * -0.03 -0.16* ** -0.11* -0.35* * * -0.19* ** -0.25* * * -0.17* ** 0.07 -0.10* -0.33* * * -0.10* -0.35* * * -0.25* * * -0.25* * * 0.30* * * 0.48 * * * -0.38* * * -0.12* -0.29* * * -0.34* * *
0.12* 0.01 -0.007 -0.10* -0.17* ** -0.40* * * 0.02 -0.08 0.09* -0.17* ** 0.13 * * 0.04 0.15* 0.14 ** 0.03 0.07 0.03 0.16* * * -0.15* * * -0.08 -0.16* * * 0.10*
0.009 0.06 0.03 -0.05 -0.09* -0.37* * * -0.16* ** -0.13 ** -0.22* * * -0.07 0.09* -0.14 ** -0.03 -0.13 ** -0.05 -0.10* 0.15* * 0.38* * * -0.18* * * -0.004 -0.25* * * -0.14 **
0.02 0.01 0.04 -0.06 -0.13* * * -0.43* * * -0.22* * * -0.24* * * -0.26* * * -0.04 0.04 -0.27* * * -0.11* -0.22 ** -0.16* * * 0.18* * * 0.27* * * 0.53* * * -0.26* * * 0.003 -0.34* * * -0.26* * *
*** P < 0.001
References 1- Gang, Hu, livesley, Angleitner, Remain, Ando, Ono Vernon & Hammer (2001).Covariance Structure of neuroticism and agreeable: A Twin and Molecular Gentry analysis of role 2-math, M. (2000). "Evaluation of mental health and self esteem among artists and Non artistan Ahvaz city." End letter BS, Azad University of Ahvaz. 3-Abdullah Pur infidelity, Parvin (1997). "Relationship in the form of musicians creating music in Tehran." Rsalh General Psychology, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz. 4-Deragotis, L, R, Lipman, R.S. & Covey, A. A (1973). SCL90: An out pation psychiatric rating scale preliminary report. Psychopharmacology bulletin, (1): 13-27. 5-Barker, Jean A. (1995). Depression and suicidal ideation among academically gifted adolescents. Gifted child quarterly 39(4). 218-223. 6- Deragotis, L, R, Morrow, J, A, Feting, J., & Holland, J. (1984). The SCL90-R, as a psychiatric screening measurein. A Cancer pupulation, American Journal Epidem. 7- Marashi, Seyed Mohammad Reza (1996). "Comparison of social adjustment and mental health of employed and unemployed veterans of Ahvaz. End public letter Psychology, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz. 8- French, J, R, D & Caplan, R. D. (1973). Organizational stress and individual strain. In A.J. Marrow. The failure of success. New York: AMA.com. P 30-36. 9-Kalat, G, W. (1990). Introduction to psychology. Fourth edition. Wads worth publishing company: Belmont. 10-Rezapour, M. (1997). "Test scl90 - r on the students and the University of Shahid Chamran Ahvaz Azad. MS letter end evaluation and assessment. Allameh Tabatabaei University in Tehran. 11-steel city of Ray, Cream F. (1995). "Relationship between psychological factors, stressful job performance and male and female students of Shahid Chamran University." End letter of Educational Psychology, Shahid Chamran University. 12-Yarahmdy, Ardeshir (1997). "Relationship of stress with physical illnesses - mental and general health of teachers in the city of Ahvaz treated according to the adjustment variables of social support and harness position." End letter Psychology General, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz 13-Najjarian, February, and David, Iran (2001). "Construction and validation seeking s cl-25 .»Journal of Psychology, fifth period, the second number, pages 136 till 149. 14-Ghelichkhani, Song (1996). "Vulnerability Assessment of psychiatric and psychological pressures artists to compare it with ordinary people in Ahvaz. BA General Psychology letter end. Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz. 15- Cattle, R.B.(1959). The meaning and measurement of neuroticism and anxiety. New York: Arnold. 16- Kasel, S, V. (1973). Mental health & the work environment. Journal occup. Med. 156, 506-518. 17-Shifer (1970). Anxiety, time pressure and creativity among scientists. Indian journal of clinical psychology. Vol. s (90). 183-188. 18- Mousavi, Seyed Ali (1998). "Relationship between achievement motivation and job satisfaction with mental health and male responsibility in the education teachers Ahvaz Schools." End letter of Educational Psychology, Shahid Chamran University. 10