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Method to estimate safe distance of detonation between explosive charge
195A method of searching for the optimum drilling parameter presented. Features and practical significance of a combined isocost graph, such as determining the maximum economic results for each combination of bit weight and speed and providing a scientifically sound basis for modifying drilling parameters are discussed. A case study from the Zhong Yuan oil field is also shown. Auth.
894206 Drill bytes World Min Equip V13, NI, Jan 1989. P34-35 The use of monitoring-while-drilling (MWD) to provide ground information enabling blast design to take account of local geological variations was studied. In 74 blast holes, bit displacement, penetration rate, down pressure, rotary speed, rotary torque and air flushing pressure were monitored. The drilling performance can be related to changes in rock mass characteristics, so that in depth data analysis should permit detailed definition of geology.
Blasting See also: 894390 894207 Emulsion explosives Jeffery, G Colliery Guard V237. NI, Jan 1989. PI3-14 Emulsion explosives are inherently waterproof and have high strength with high and stable velocity of detonation, giving good fragmentation in hard rock. The explosive comprises mineral oil as fuel and an aqueous solution of oxidiser which are mixed to give a rapid detonation reaction. Composition and properties of the explosive are outlined, and application in mining discussed.
894208 Computers as an aid to blasting Bladon, P M Colliery Guard V237, NI, Jan 1989, PI5-19 The interaction of explosives and the rock mass at the shothole and how this relation could be applied to model the blasting process are considered. First the energy available at the shothole is compared with that required to break the rock mass. Energy applied to the rock mass will break and transport the rock and some will be wasted as vibration. The energy achieved by various explosives is calculated to evaluate alternative explosives and borehole configurations. Secondly, the stress induced in the rock is compared with its strength by considering the effects of the radial shock wave as it moves through the rock. A computer program is used to determine whether stress induced at a given distance from the shothole is enough to break the rock.
894209 Software of ground breaking simulation HP Blast (In French) Blanchier, A lndustrie Minerale VTO, Oct 1988, P21-23 Existing means of optimising blasts and their limitations are outlined. PC Blast, software to simulate blasting results, is presented. Using data for rock mass characteristics, blast geometry, explosive characteristics and costs, the program uses semi-empirical, semi-theoretical relations to simulate zone of influence, fragmentation, displacement and cost as a result of blasting. Use of the program allows blast optimisation.
894210 Optimization of blasting operations with PC Blast and application to the open cast mines of the HBCM (In French) Vuillaume, P; Blanchier, A; Savary, R lndustrie Minerale VTO, Oct 1988. P24-27 The program PC BLAST for design of blasting is described. The program comprises 4 modules. (I) 'Calcul' uses rock and explosive characteristics and site constraints to simulate granulometry of blasted rock, spread of resultant heap and blast economics. (2) 'Catalogue' provides a plan for blasting. (3) 'Suivi technico-economique' records information and allows a redefinition of characteristics in 'Calcul'. (4) 'Dessin' gives a plan of boring, charging and priming sequence.
894211 Rock fragmentation by explosives in the quarry (In French) Weber, P; Dunouza, J; Romdhane-Bouden, A; Blanchier, A industrie Minerale VTO. Oct 1988, P27-31 Using data from many sites and blasts, rock fragmentation by blasting was studied. Over 30 parameters relating to blast geometry, energy, rock mass characteristics, rock fracture and fragmentation of blasted heaps were identified and measured. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out to develop formulae for granulometric reduction. It is also shown that priming method has an influence on levels of vibration.
8942 ! 2 Method to estimate safe distance of detonation between explosive charge Gupta, g N; Nabiullah, M; Singh, B J Min Metal Fuels V36, N7. July 1988. P353-359 The influence of strength, quantity, and velocity of detonation on the distance of detonation for NG and water gel slurry based explosives has been studied. Strength was a more useful parameter than VOD for blast design, but energy density of the explosive had a greater influence on detonation distance than strength. Safe distance was also influenced by relative positions of donor and receptor. Results are discussed with reference to safe stacking, decking distances and spacings between rows of blast holes.
894213 Recent developments in explosives techniques: testing and safety aspects of non-permitted explosives Bhattacharyya, M M J Min Metal Fuels V36, NT, July 1988, P360-362 NG, slurry/watergel, ANFO, emulsion, and LOX explosives are used in India. Site mixed and plant mixed bulk loading explosives are used. Tests for stability, sensitivity to detonation, freeze-thaw, liquefaction, continuity of detonation, air gap sensitivity, velocity of detonation, strength of detonation, impact sensitivity and frictional impact sensitivity are specified, some for NG based materials only. Explosives which pass these tests and are not required to be incendivity tested (nonpermitted explosives) are suitable for safe use in the mining industry.
894214 Investigation on delay period of some commercial delay detonators Nabiullah, M; Gupta, R N; Singh, B J Min Metal Fuels V36, N7, July 1988, P363-367 A portable system for determining accuracy of delay periods and probability of overlap between adjacent delays has been designed. Short delay (AI tube), non-incendive short delay (Cu coated steel tube), long delay (AI tube), and detonating relays
~, 1989 Pergamon Press pie. Reproduction not permitted
894206 Drill bytes World Min Equip V13, NI, Jan 1989. P34-35 The use of monitoring-while-drilling (MWD) to provide ground information enabling blast design to take account of local geological variations was studied. In 74 blast holes, bit displacement, penetration rate, down pressure, rotary speed, rotary torque and air flushing pressure were monitored. The drilling performance can be related to changes in rock mass characteristics, so that in depth data analysis should permit detailed definition of geology.
Blasting See also: 894390 894207 Emulsion explosives Jeffery, G Colliery Guard V237. NI, Jan 1989. PI3-14 Emulsion explosives are inherently waterproof and have high strength with high and stable velocity of detonation, giving good fragmentation in hard rock. The explosive comprises mineral oil as fuel and an aqueous solution of oxidiser which are mixed to give a rapid detonation reaction. Composition and properties of the explosive are outlined, and application in mining discussed.
894208 Computers as an aid to blasting Bladon, P M Colliery Guard V237, NI, Jan 1989, PI5-19 The interaction of explosives and the rock mass at the shothole and how this relation could be applied to model the blasting process are considered. First the energy available at the shothole is compared with that required to break the rock mass. Energy applied to the rock mass will break and transport the rock and some will be wasted as vibration. The energy achieved by various explosives is calculated to evaluate alternative explosives and borehole configurations. Secondly, the stress induced in the rock is compared with its strength by considering the effects of the radial shock wave as it moves through the rock. A computer program is used to determine whether stress induced at a given distance from the shothole is enough to break the rock.
894209 Software of ground breaking simulation HP Blast (In French) Blanchier, A lndustrie Minerale VTO, Oct 1988, P21-23 Existing means of optimising blasts and their limitations are outlined. PC Blast, software to simulate blasting results, is presented. Using data for rock mass characteristics, blast geometry, explosive characteristics and costs, the program uses semi-empirical, semi-theoretical relations to simulate zone of influence, fragmentation, displacement and cost as a result of blasting. Use of the program allows blast optimisation.
894210 Optimization of blasting operations with PC Blast and application to the open cast mines of the HBCM (In French) Vuillaume, P; Blanchier, A; Savary, R lndustrie Minerale VTO, Oct 1988. P24-27 The program PC BLAST for design of blasting is described. The program comprises 4 modules. (I) 'Calcul' uses rock and explosive characteristics and site constraints to simulate granulometry of blasted rock, spread of resultant heap and blast economics. (2) 'Catalogue' provides a plan for blasting. (3) 'Suivi technico-economique' records information and allows a redefinition of characteristics in 'Calcul'. (4) 'Dessin' gives a plan of boring, charging and priming sequence.
894211 Rock fragmentation by explosives in the quarry (In French) Weber, P; Dunouza, J; Romdhane-Bouden, A; Blanchier, A industrie Minerale VTO. Oct 1988, P27-31 Using data from many sites and blasts, rock fragmentation by blasting was studied. Over 30 parameters relating to blast geometry, energy, rock mass characteristics, rock fracture and fragmentation of blasted heaps were identified and measured. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out to develop formulae for granulometric reduction. It is also shown that priming method has an influence on levels of vibration.
8942 ! 2 Method to estimate safe distance of detonation between explosive charge Gupta, g N; Nabiullah, M; Singh, B J Min Metal Fuels V36, N7. July 1988. P353-359 The influence of strength, quantity, and velocity of detonation on the distance of detonation for NG and water gel slurry based explosives has been studied. Strength was a more useful parameter than VOD for blast design, but energy density of the explosive had a greater influence on detonation distance than strength. Safe distance was also influenced by relative positions of donor and receptor. Results are discussed with reference to safe stacking, decking distances and spacings between rows of blast holes.
894213 Recent developments in explosives techniques: testing and safety aspects of non-permitted explosives Bhattacharyya, M M J Min Metal Fuels V36, NT, July 1988, P360-362 NG, slurry/watergel, ANFO, emulsion, and LOX explosives are used in India. Site mixed and plant mixed bulk loading explosives are used. Tests for stability, sensitivity to detonation, freeze-thaw, liquefaction, continuity of detonation, air gap sensitivity, velocity of detonation, strength of detonation, impact sensitivity and frictional impact sensitivity are specified, some for NG based materials only. Explosives which pass these tests and are not required to be incendivity tested (nonpermitted explosives) are suitable for safe use in the mining industry.
894214 Investigation on delay period of some commercial delay detonators Nabiullah, M; Gupta, R N; Singh, B J Min Metal Fuels V36, N7, July 1988, P363-367 A portable system for determining accuracy of delay periods and probability of overlap between adjacent delays has been designed. Short delay (AI tube), non-incendive short delay (Cu coated steel tube), long delay (AI tube), and detonating relays
~, 1989 Pergamon Press pie. Reproduction not permitted