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Methods of making fibre reinforced rubber
Glass-ceramic fibres of improved modulus of elasticity (Bayer AktiengeseUschaft) UK Pat 1 415 628 (26Nov 1975) A crystalline reinforcing fibre is made by heating in one or more stages an amorphous glass fibre containing Li20, MgO, A1203, and SiO 2 using a nucleating agent such as TiO2 and at the same time stretching the fibre by at least 10%. Polymer compositions containing ultrafine calcium carbonate (Pluss-Staufer AG) UK Pat 1 415 746 (26 Nov 19 75) The mechanical properties of rubber and pvc compound are improved by including natural calcium carbonate with a weight average particle diameter of 0.5 to 0.7/a and a maximum particle diameter of 3 to 4#. Methods of making fibre reinforced rubber (Monsanto Company) UK Pat 1 415 753 (26 Nov 1975) Polyester, rayon and nylon fibres are bonded to rubber using a formaldehyde donor, such as hexamine, and an essentially saturated polymer of resorcinol. The resorcinol polymer is made by condensation with an olefinic alcohol, such as aUyl alcohol, having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. The condensation, at least in the final stages, is carried out under acidic conditions.
sized particles can be separated and recycled leaving a product with a narrow range of particle size. Surface treating carbon fibres (Kurehu Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha) UK Pat 1 416 109 (3 Dec 1975) Improved adhesion to plastics is obtained by oxidising the carbon fibres to form oxygen containing functional groups on the surface and reacting with a compound selected from ammonia and organic amines at 100 to 500°C.
Method of improving the dispersability of small metallic magnetic particles in organic resin binders (International Business Machines Corporation) UK Pat 1 416 12 7 (3 Dec 1975) Improved dispersion in polymers such as polyurethanes is achieved by treating finely divided magnetic cobaltphosphorus particles with sulphuric acid when up to 50% of the weight is lost. Alkali-resistant glass fibres (Nippon Asbestos Co Ltd) UK Pat 1 416 206 (3 Dec 1975) A glass whose principal constituents are silica, aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, and magnesium oxide can be formed into fibres by the blowing or spinner methods to give an economic, alkali-resistant reinforcement.
Rubber articles reinforced with high modulus fibre cords, pneumatic tyres reinforced with such fibre cords and a method for producing the same (Bridgestone Tire Kabushiki Kaisha) UK Pat 1 415 953 (3Dec 1975) Cracking and end separation are reduced by covering at least the ends of the cut cords with a rubber containing a synthetic polyisoprene having not less than 90% by weight of cis 1, 4-isoprene units. The amount of polyisoprene should not be less than 20% of the total rubber in the covering.
Reinforced sandwich elements, webs and panels (Bayer Aktiengesellschaft) UK Pat 1 416 283 (3Dec 1975} A continuous process for preparing glass roving reinforced foams in which the rovings are supplied by an air nozzle either before, during or after the application of the foaming mix from another nozzle. The distance between the two nozzles is accurately adjusted according to the desired quantitative distribution over the cross-section of the web, panel or sandwich.
Improved preparation of polymer composites (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization) UK Pat 1 416 004 (3Dec 1975) Finely divided dispersions of magnetic material are made from a dispersion of a thermoplastic polymer solution from which the solvent is stripped while stirring. After removal from the dispersion medium over and under
Improvements in f'dlers for thermoplastic material compositions (Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha) UK Pat 1 416 340 (3 Dec 1975) Inorganic carbonates and oxides improve strength, rigidity and processability of thermoplastics if they are pretreated with 0.05 to 20% by weight of an aliphatic carboxylic acid, such as acrylic acid, containing 3 to 11 carbon atoms, 1 or 2 ethylenic or
COMPOSITES . JULY
1976
cycloethylenic double bonds and 1 to 3 carboxyl groups.
Method for manufacture of heatresistant fibre (Agency of Industrial Science and Technology) UK Pat 1 416 366 (3 Dec 19 75) The production time of carbon fibres can be reduced considerably by heating polymer fibre in an atmosphere containing 25% or more of oxygen and at least 0.5 percent of a Brondstedt or Lewis acid which is gaseous at ambient temperatures prior to a second heat treatment in an inert atmosphere. Suitable acids are hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid and phosphorus pentachloride. Glass fibre-reinforced epoxy resin laminate (Perstorp AB) UK Pat 1 416 392 (3 Dec 19 75) A laminate with a resin-rich surface layer, which can be etched for copper plating without harmful effect on the laminate properties, is made by coating aluminium foil with epoxy resin, partially curing it, completing cure in contact with conventional resin impregnated glass reinforcement and finally stripping off the foil. Compositions containing microspheres and friction elements produced therefrom (Union Carbide Corporation) UK Pat 1 416 492 13Dec 1975) Brake linings with high friction characteristics and long service life consist of a thermosetting resin, friction particles and 0.1 to 30% of microspheres such as are made from glass or phenolic resins. High modulus, high strength carbon fibres produced from mesophase pitch (Union Carbide Corporation) UK Pat 1 416 614 (3 Dec 1975) Graphitic fibres are prepared by heat treating certain pitches which have been transformed, in part, to a liquid crystal or so.called 'mesophase' state by heating a carbonaceous pitch in an inert atmosphere at 350 to 500°C.
Improvements in method of making a silicon carbide filamentary reinforced silicon composite article (General Electric Company) UK Pat 1 416 841 (lODec 1975) Carbon or graphite filaments are placed in a mould and molten silicon 207
sized particles can be separated and recycled leaving a product with a narrow range of particle size. Surface treating carbon fibres (Kurehu Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha) UK Pat 1 416 109 (3 Dec 1975) Improved adhesion to plastics is obtained by oxidising the carbon fibres to form oxygen containing functional groups on the surface and reacting with a compound selected from ammonia and organic amines at 100 to 500°C.
Method of improving the dispersability of small metallic magnetic particles in organic resin binders (International Business Machines Corporation) UK Pat 1 416 12 7 (3 Dec 1975) Improved dispersion in polymers such as polyurethanes is achieved by treating finely divided magnetic cobaltphosphorus particles with sulphuric acid when up to 50% of the weight is lost. Alkali-resistant glass fibres (Nippon Asbestos Co Ltd) UK Pat 1 416 206 (3 Dec 1975) A glass whose principal constituents are silica, aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, and magnesium oxide can be formed into fibres by the blowing or spinner methods to give an economic, alkali-resistant reinforcement.
Rubber articles reinforced with high modulus fibre cords, pneumatic tyres reinforced with such fibre cords and a method for producing the same (Bridgestone Tire Kabushiki Kaisha) UK Pat 1 415 953 (3Dec 1975) Cracking and end separation are reduced by covering at least the ends of the cut cords with a rubber containing a synthetic polyisoprene having not less than 90% by weight of cis 1, 4-isoprene units. The amount of polyisoprene should not be less than 20% of the total rubber in the covering.
Reinforced sandwich elements, webs and panels (Bayer Aktiengesellschaft) UK Pat 1 416 283 (3Dec 1975} A continuous process for preparing glass roving reinforced foams in which the rovings are supplied by an air nozzle either before, during or after the application of the foaming mix from another nozzle. The distance between the two nozzles is accurately adjusted according to the desired quantitative distribution over the cross-section of the web, panel or sandwich.
Improved preparation of polymer composites (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization) UK Pat 1 416 004 (3Dec 1975) Finely divided dispersions of magnetic material are made from a dispersion of a thermoplastic polymer solution from which the solvent is stripped while stirring. After removal from the dispersion medium over and under
Improvements in f'dlers for thermoplastic material compositions (Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha) UK Pat 1 416 340 (3 Dec 1975) Inorganic carbonates and oxides improve strength, rigidity and processability of thermoplastics if they are pretreated with 0.05 to 20% by weight of an aliphatic carboxylic acid, such as acrylic acid, containing 3 to 11 carbon atoms, 1 or 2 ethylenic or
COMPOSITES . JULY
1976
cycloethylenic double bonds and 1 to 3 carboxyl groups.
Method for manufacture of heatresistant fibre (Agency of Industrial Science and Technology) UK Pat 1 416 366 (3 Dec 19 75) The production time of carbon fibres can be reduced considerably by heating polymer fibre in an atmosphere containing 25% or more of oxygen and at least 0.5 percent of a Brondstedt or Lewis acid which is gaseous at ambient temperatures prior to a second heat treatment in an inert atmosphere. Suitable acids are hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid and phosphorus pentachloride. Glass fibre-reinforced epoxy resin laminate (Perstorp AB) UK Pat 1 416 392 (3 Dec 19 75) A laminate with a resin-rich surface layer, which can be etched for copper plating without harmful effect on the laminate properties, is made by coating aluminium foil with epoxy resin, partially curing it, completing cure in contact with conventional resin impregnated glass reinforcement and finally stripping off the foil. Compositions containing microspheres and friction elements produced therefrom (Union Carbide Corporation) UK Pat 1 416 492 13Dec 1975) Brake linings with high friction characteristics and long service life consist of a thermosetting resin, friction particles and 0.1 to 30% of microspheres such as are made from glass or phenolic resins. High modulus, high strength carbon fibres produced from mesophase pitch (Union Carbide Corporation) UK Pat 1 416 614 (3 Dec 1975) Graphitic fibres are prepared by heat treating certain pitches which have been transformed, in part, to a liquid crystal or so.called 'mesophase' state by heating a carbonaceous pitch in an inert atmosphere at 350 to 500°C.
Improvements in method of making a silicon carbide filamentary reinforced silicon composite article (General Electric Company) UK Pat 1 416 841 (lODec 1975) Carbon or graphite filaments are placed in a mould and molten silicon 207