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Microalgal biofuels from native biological resource of Pearl River Delta
New Biotechnology · Volume 31S · July 2014
Symposium 6: Assimilation of CO2 , CO and CH4 into biobased products O6-1 Microbial fixation of CO2 in water bodies and in drylands to combat climate change, soil loss and desertification Roberto De Philippis Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
The growing concern for the increase of the global warming effects raises the challenge of finding novel technological approaches to stabilize CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. Biological-CO2 mitigation, triggered through biological fixation, is considered a promising and eco-sustainable method. Microorganisms such as cyanobacteria, green algae and some autotrophic bacteria could potentially fix CO2 more efficiently than higher plants, due to their faster growth. Some examples of the potential of Biological-CO2 mitigation will be reported and discussed in this lecture. In arid and semiarid environments, soil carbon sequestration (CO2 fixation) by cyanobacteria and Biological Soil Crusts is considered an eco-friendly and natural process to increase soil C content and a viable pathway to soil restoration after one disturbance event. Another way for Biological-CO2 mitigation intensively studied in the last few years is related to the possibility to perform carbon dioxide sequestration using microalgae, obtaining at the same time bioproducts of industrial interest. Another possibility under study is the exploitation of specific chemotrophic bacteria for CO2 fixation coupled with the production chemicals such as polyhydroxyalkanoates. In spite of the potential of these processes, multiple factors still have to be optimized in order to achieve a cost-effective CO2 sequestration. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2014.05.1668
O6-2 Microalgal biofuels from native biological resource of Pearl River Delta Maurycy Daroch ∗ , Zongchao Jia, Cong Shao, Hui Guo, Ying Liu, Jay J. Cheng Peking University School of Environment and Energy, China
Algal biofuels are seen as promising solutions of global energy crisis and climate change for the years to come. Major advantages of algae are potentially high yield and no competition with food crops for arable land and fresh water. Although the coastal areas of Pearl River Delta have long been known for huge diversity of aquatic life little work has been done to assess the possibility of using local microalgae resources for biofuel production. Our study fills this niche and tests the feasibility of producing renewable fuels ethanol and biodiesel from local algal strains. A total of 89 unique algal strains from Peking University Algae Collection were isolated and screened as feedstocks for biofuel
SYMPOSIUM 6: ASSIMILATION OF CO2 , CO AND CH4 INTO BIOBASED PRODUCTS
production. Microalgal strains M. afer PKUAC 9 and S. abundans PKUAC 12 isolated from coastal waters of Pearl River Delta region were used for saccharification and subsequent fermentative bioethanol production where as Hindakia sp. PKUAC 169 and Chlorella sp. PKU AC 102 were optimal for biodiesel production. Hindakia sp. PKUAC 169 isolate was successfully cultivated in two derivatives of BG11 medium: nitrogen starved and salt induced. Both methods yielded improved lipid accumulation, but only salt induction resulted in increased overall lipid productivity. Derivatisation of algal lipids to FAMEs showed different lipid profiles under selected growth conditions and suggest that salt induced medium is better suited for biodiesel production than nitrogen starved medium. Optimisation of heterotrophic cultivation of algal strain Chlorella sp. PKUAC 102 resulted in tenfold higher lipid productivities than autotrophically grown strains. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2014.05.1669
O6-3 Exploring the potential of microalgae for bioenergy production Frank Baganz ∗ , Yanan Xu, Paul Hellier, Nicos Ladommatos, Saul Purton University College London, United Kingdom
Intensive research is being applied to biofuel production from algal biomass owing to their fast growth rates and high lipid content. This work explores key steps in algal bioprocessing focusing on algal biomass harvesting through flocculation with chitosan; and the use of algal biomass for engine combustion. Initially flocculation with chitosan to harvest algal biomass of the green alga Chlorella sorokiniana was explored. Chitosan proved to be highly efficient in the induction of flocculation with the clarification efficiency reaching >99% below pH 7 at optimal dosage. Influencing factors of flocculation efficiency and its effect on the subsequent dewatering process were also evaluated. It was shown to reduce the volume to be processed by 20–50 folds, and significantly reduce energy input and material costs of centrifugation or filtration operations. In order to reduce the complicated and costly downstream processes of algal biofuel production, this work explores an alternative way of utilizing energy from algal cells by blending algal slurry into fossil diesel using specific combinations of surfactants. We will show that this approach provides benefits by reducing the consumption of fossil fuel and also reducing exhaust emissions particularly NOx thus benefiting the environment. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2014.05.1670
www.elsevier.com/locate/nbt S25
Symposium 6: Assimilation of CO2 , CO and CH4 into biobased products O6-1 Microbial fixation of CO2 in water bodies and in drylands to combat climate change, soil loss and desertification Roberto De Philippis Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
The growing concern for the increase of the global warming effects raises the challenge of finding novel technological approaches to stabilize CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. Biological-CO2 mitigation, triggered through biological fixation, is considered a promising and eco-sustainable method. Microorganisms such as cyanobacteria, green algae and some autotrophic bacteria could potentially fix CO2 more efficiently than higher plants, due to their faster growth. Some examples of the potential of Biological-CO2 mitigation will be reported and discussed in this lecture. In arid and semiarid environments, soil carbon sequestration (CO2 fixation) by cyanobacteria and Biological Soil Crusts is considered an eco-friendly and natural process to increase soil C content and a viable pathway to soil restoration after one disturbance event. Another way for Biological-CO2 mitigation intensively studied in the last few years is related to the possibility to perform carbon dioxide sequestration using microalgae, obtaining at the same time bioproducts of industrial interest. Another possibility under study is the exploitation of specific chemotrophic bacteria for CO2 fixation coupled with the production chemicals such as polyhydroxyalkanoates. In spite of the potential of these processes, multiple factors still have to be optimized in order to achieve a cost-effective CO2 sequestration. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2014.05.1668
O6-2 Microalgal biofuels from native biological resource of Pearl River Delta Maurycy Daroch ∗ , Zongchao Jia, Cong Shao, Hui Guo, Ying Liu, Jay J. Cheng Peking University School of Environment and Energy, China
Algal biofuels are seen as promising solutions of global energy crisis and climate change for the years to come. Major advantages of algae are potentially high yield and no competition with food crops for arable land and fresh water. Although the coastal areas of Pearl River Delta have long been known for huge diversity of aquatic life little work has been done to assess the possibility of using local microalgae resources for biofuel production. Our study fills this niche and tests the feasibility of producing renewable fuels ethanol and biodiesel from local algal strains. A total of 89 unique algal strains from Peking University Algae Collection were isolated and screened as feedstocks for biofuel
SYMPOSIUM 6: ASSIMILATION OF CO2 , CO AND CH4 INTO BIOBASED PRODUCTS
production. Microalgal strains M. afer PKUAC 9 and S. abundans PKUAC 12 isolated from coastal waters of Pearl River Delta region were used for saccharification and subsequent fermentative bioethanol production where as Hindakia sp. PKUAC 169 and Chlorella sp. PKU AC 102 were optimal for biodiesel production. Hindakia sp. PKUAC 169 isolate was successfully cultivated in two derivatives of BG11 medium: nitrogen starved and salt induced. Both methods yielded improved lipid accumulation, but only salt induction resulted in increased overall lipid productivity. Derivatisation of algal lipids to FAMEs showed different lipid profiles under selected growth conditions and suggest that salt induced medium is better suited for biodiesel production than nitrogen starved medium. Optimisation of heterotrophic cultivation of algal strain Chlorella sp. PKUAC 102 resulted in tenfold higher lipid productivities than autotrophically grown strains. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2014.05.1669
O6-3 Exploring the potential of microalgae for bioenergy production Frank Baganz ∗ , Yanan Xu, Paul Hellier, Nicos Ladommatos, Saul Purton University College London, United Kingdom
Intensive research is being applied to biofuel production from algal biomass owing to their fast growth rates and high lipid content. This work explores key steps in algal bioprocessing focusing on algal biomass harvesting through flocculation with chitosan; and the use of algal biomass for engine combustion. Initially flocculation with chitosan to harvest algal biomass of the green alga Chlorella sorokiniana was explored. Chitosan proved to be highly efficient in the induction of flocculation with the clarification efficiency reaching >99% below pH 7 at optimal dosage. Influencing factors of flocculation efficiency and its effect on the subsequent dewatering process were also evaluated. It was shown to reduce the volume to be processed by 20–50 folds, and significantly reduce energy input and material costs of centrifugation or filtration operations. In order to reduce the complicated and costly downstream processes of algal biofuel production, this work explores an alternative way of utilizing energy from algal cells by blending algal slurry into fossil diesel using specific combinations of surfactants. We will show that this approach provides benefits by reducing the consumption of fossil fuel and also reducing exhaust emissions particularly NOx thus benefiting the environment. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2014.05.1670
www.elsevier.com/locate/nbt S25