Microporous membrane filter

‘volatilizes’

from

strengthen

the

temporary

presence

the multi-layer

the

structure

interfacial

in the interfacial

cell structure

of the cell members pore-collapse

at a temperature

temperature

of

the

a membrane

having

configuration

region

of

vortices.

liberation

Patent number: WO 01139869

the self-assembly

for inducing

below the

Inventors: M. Cordier,

separator

Guigui,

J.-C.

a geometrical

The method

form,

its

enables lamination

with

the substrate.

further yet

to

bond,

a flow with

V. Bonnelye,

the application

Dean

P. Aptel, C.

is characterized

of a voltage

which

of metal particles

from the surface

Patent number: WO 01143196

Membrane module with integrated heat-exchanger

Sulfonated

Patent number: WO 01139296 Inventor: A. Gozdz

Applicant:

Publication ahe: 3 1 May 200 1

Germany

preserving feature

the thermal

shut-

of the microporous

separator.

Membraflow

membrane

An improved

Fuel Cells Europe

design

membrane

fuel-cell

is provided

with

takes advantage over

material,

that

for a gas-fed

stack is described. a humidifying

of

of the ‘atomization’ a high

specific

and with a cooling

the heat generated on a peripheral

polymeric

According

The stack

module plurality

of a water-

elements

surface

metallic

by thermal

external

and

exchange suited

for

high-current-density

Patent number: WO 0 114 124 1 Fleba, A. Maggiore

an

arranged

parallel

Applicant:

Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft

individual

cell. An individual

following

components:

electrolyte

membrane

mounted

on

both

of

the

distributing

structure;

current

and

and gas-distributing

a

distributing

structures

adjacent

to the respective

inserting

a current

gas-

that

lid.

the

ceramic

conducting chamber surrounded located

the gap,

off permeate

from

also comprises

ceramic

over a substantial

gas-distributing

the gap.

gap,

proportion

and

the

consist of adding the

before

this reagent

less than that which

of the length

is

and to The

in that

a dose of a coagulation

effluent

matters

that

in suspension.

it

passes

destabilizes

reagent

The dose is 30-80 would

cancel

potential. Patent number: WO 01/41906

of

Inventor: C. Langlais Publication date: 14 June 2001

Patent number: WO 01139857

Microporous

membrane

filter

International

Inc, USA

Inventors: A. Heinzel,

Publication date: 7 June 2001

A membrane

Inventors:

Membrane

L. Matejcek

7 June 2001

filtration

Applicant: Degremont The invention filtration The liquids

concerns

that

suspended

described contain

of liquids a method

matters.

D.

Blase,

H.-I?

substances

containing

and at least an adsorbent,

structure

Corporation,

and Technology

A method

for forming

device.

fine metal

particles

covers

element

and

forming

of membrane

It is characterized

used to filter a mixture, be treated

Applicant: NEC Science

by the patent

dissolved

Olapinski,

Fine metal-particles

of liquids and its implementing

method

H.

filter, methods

filter and apparatus

SA, France

is the subject a

Japan,

an ordered

monolithic

and Japan

polymeric

Japan structure

of

of this patent.

in that it is

substrate;

depositing

metal particles

assembly

membrane:

coating

shaped’,

It involves

membrane

of

a

on the self-

the metal particles

and applying

a voltage

microscale polymeric

for use in a single electron

self-assembly

with thiol molecules;

disclosed.

Corporation,

the liquid to in powder

times

out the Zeta

Applicant: Baxter

Publication he:

the

the colloidal

Feuerpeil

structure.

they

over

Patent number: WO 01/41231

channel

(in

capacity.

are characterized

rod is extends

matter

of the membranes

filtration

sheath

that

or hyperfiltration

water). The aim of the improvements

membrane,

tube’

made to

microfiltration,

suspended

is to reduce the fouling

to

the intermediate

especially

nanofiltration

improvements

an

filtration

relates to improvements

containing

improve

a thermally-

by an ‘interrupted

in the annular

particular

The

for

Each

G. Frank

France

filtration,

of effluents

into the annular

to each individual

the housing.

or the like. The

The invention ultrafiltration,

through

pertaining and

membrane

rods

by a housing

for directing

material

Improved

Applicant: Degremont,

lid, ceramic

gap. The housing

and an outlet

for fuel-

is

The

for draining

used in the

for example

Inventors: W. Cui, T. Soczka-Guth,

of the

inlet,

of

process

cell applications.

membrane

an

at a

degree

can be preferably

of membranes,

gaps

of permeate

an

a period

desired

Publication date: 14 June 2001

tubes of each

lid.

for

homogeneous

to

rod

to the

the

The

The annular

connected

adding

and

Patent number: WO 01142336

and an annular surface

25”C,

obtain

obtained

is inert

that

out the ‘sulfonation’

below

production

of acid or

acid and a sulfonating

A

the system. end is provided

inner

to each.

and an outlet

the

solvent

conditions;

and carrying

tubes.

comprises

housing

tubing

which

pipes are surrounded

is securely

is

acid

consisting

acid, chlorosulfuric

of a carboxylic

to

aromatic

water-free

an organic

temperature

the following the

group

reaction

sufficient

A lid

to allow the media

Each

sheath

and casing

directly

with a microscopic

can enter

at the other

and

without

are also provided

are

modules

through

in order

rod

electrode,

and

the

the sheath

is arranged

collector,

current-distributing

Each of

agent;

located rods

and a lid covers

between

the annular

and

bores

ceramic

gap is situated

inlet

structure.

anhydride

tube,

surfaces, gas-

rods

by a sheath

and

cathode-side

current-distributing

two

structures

flat

current

is

ceramic

against

system.

introduction

an electrode

its

an anode-side

the

ion-conducting

(whereby

respectively);

the

cell comprises

These

an inlet,

are connected

an

the

The

to be treated

cell,

of at least one

adding

under

continuous

lid that is located

relates to an electrochemical

a fuel cell, consisting

oleum;

filter

It has a

for

in a gentle

comprises

the

Germany

method

dissolving

sulfuric

ceramic

to each other,

with

corresponding

especially

from

products

ceramic

and S. Hey, Germany

selected

a

a substantially

concentrated

membrane

on one of the membrane

zur

Germany

This invention

in

porous,

rods).

circumferences

EV,

der Angewandten

the

method

polymer

GmbH, to

polymers

involves

their

Forschung

Fiirderung

also

The It

‘sulfonation’.

exit

cell

steps.

are

relates aromatic

the end of the rods. The rods are also sealed at

surrounded

Electrochemical

manner.

of characteristics.

axis.

with an outlet,

Publication date: 7 June 2001

module

polymers

Ventures

invention

that

heat-exchanger.

invention,

with

to

medium G.l?

The

KG,

module

integrated

(ceramic

parallel

media’

The

of rod-shaped,

provided G. Mazzucchelli,

an to the

located

operation. Inventors: M. Brambilla,

flowing.

are provided

to the single-cell

& Co

to a membrane to ‘filter

has a number

which

active area. The device is particularly high-temperature

incorporates

circuit withdrawing

therein

region,

Sri, Italy

device

relates

can be applied

capable

Applicant: Nuvera

stream

fuel-cell

GmbH

aromatic

Applicant: Celanese ‘sulfonating’

The invention

Polymeric stack

of

Inventor: M. Baba

Rouch

Publication date: 14 June 2001

thereby

protection

the

membrane.

Publication date: 7 June 2001

membrane, down

by

prevents

to

of making

employing

The filter membrane polymeric filter

This

‘precision-shaped’ support porous

Several methods

support

using

a

lithography,

laser

ablation

techniques

that

use

a

includes and

a

has a ‘precision-

for the

membrane

of a

that includes also pores

layer that

are disclosed

are

is composed

membrane

layer.

such a

such a filter

filter

for making

layer. such a

‘micro-machining’,

X-rays.

and

treatment

Several

filter

A Membrane Technology No. 138

apparatuses

employing

such

a membrane

are

membrane

a permeate

that

also disclosed.

concentration

of soluble

Patent number: WO 01141905

and inorganic

contaminants.

Inventor: J.D. Jacobson

Patent number: WO 01144123

Publication date: 14 June 2001

Inventor: CA

has

a reduced

and insoluble

organic

low-gravity cell

Dyke

Publication dute: 21 June 2001

Acid functional membranes

Applicant: Texaco

Applicant: 3M Innovative Properties Company,

Corporation,

organic

and

refinery

wastewater

this

fluoropolymer

USA for removing inorganic

patent.

reverse

It

streams

a number

wastewater

stream

insoluble

divalent

and trivalent osmosis

contaminants. feedwater

The is then

side of a reverse

passed osmosis

side

to

metal cations

and

The pH

is adjusted reverse

to

the

Membrane Technology No. 138

reverse

which the

osmosis

function chosen

using

this

having

pendent

S or NR,

substituted,

from

oxygen

-X-Ar-An. where

alkyl

or aryl

disposed

is optionally

groups

are

also

according

X is selected

substituted,

or salt, and

with,

from

from H and

are optionally aromatic

group,

A is an acidic

n can be independently

to be I, 2 or 3.

Patent number: WO 01144314

the

adjacent

and

to and

in intimate

to and

with

disposed

between

the oxygen

the is

contact

A water flow-field

in ‘fluid communication’ and

oxygen

flow-field

in intimate

flow-field,

is

is disposed

contact

electrode.

cell. contact

and

flow-field

oxygen water

The

is in ‘fluid

membrane

while a hydrogen

with the hydrogen is disposed

tank

in intimate

adjacent

section

divider.

electrode

oxygen

electrode,

disposed

storage

the electrochemical

hydrogen An

fluid

electrolyte

between,

electrode. oxygen

with

storage

has a first fluid storage

storage an

an

disposed

and the oxygen

movable

a

communication’

the

added

tank

by

Furthermore,

electrode

a second

compartmentalized

acid-functional

Ar is a C6-C30

and

an

agent to

method

which

section

electrode;

membrane

a compartmentalized

The storage

separated

membranes

R is selected

tank.

a

the hydrogen and

is an electrochemical

a hydrogen

electrode;

an

Acid-functional

an

to the formula:

osmosis to remove

It includes

unsaturated

acidifying

including

fluoropolymer

Cl-C30

the

and ion-conducting

made

provided,

with

form

adding

function.

fluoropolymers are

of

and

‘acidifiable’ that

to

functionalizing

bond

fluoropolymer;

0,

of this patent

cell system.

electrode; de-

fluoropolymer

agent)

nucleophilic

double

organic

to the high-pressure membrane

and to recover of

a

is passed

feedwater.

‘adjusted’

the low-

system

of the soluble

contaminants

low-pressure

this

feedwater

the solubility

to

membrane

softening

a reverse osmosis

of the reverse

soluble

From

(a starting

involves

fluoropolymer;

‘acid&able’ a

approach

dehydrofluorinating

unsaturated

high-

to make acid-functional

The

hydrofluorinating a

refinery the

membrane

and

a sequential

to provide stabilize

The

contaminants.

is recovered

through

of

process

to

side of the ultrafiltration

permeate remove

of steps. is passed

are provided

fluoropolymers

and

The

electrochemical

The subject

between

Methods

from

is the subject

side of an ultrafiltration

pressure

insoluble

ultrafiltration

techniques.

comprises

remove

and

contaminants

employs

osmosis

pressure

soluble

S.S. Mao,

Applicant: Proton Energy Systems Inc, USA

USA A process

N. Jing,

Hardy

Publication date: 2 1 June 200 1

Removing organic and inorganic contaminants from refinery wastewater Development

Inventors: S.J. Hamrock, CL.

a media

with

the

divider

is

flow-field

and the

flow-field.

Patent number: WO

0 1I45 192

Inventors: J.K. Shiepe, T.M. Molter Publication dute: 21 June 2001

0