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Modelling of heat and moisture transfer in buildings. II. Applications to indoor thermal and moisture control
16 Fuel science and technology (fundamental comparison of experimental and calculated results shows validation of these tools within about 115% for both shut-down dose rate and spectral gamma-ray flux calculations. 03/00947 Micellar catalysis for selective epoxidations of linear alkenes Heijnen, J. H. M. et al. Chemical Engineering and Processing, 2003, 42, (3), 223-230. The application of surfactant systems is an excitingly new concept to perform reactive separations. One of the applications is the incorporation of homogeneous catalysts in micelles to perform reactions: micellar catalysis. Non-polar reactants are converted into polar products, using the micelles as nano-reactors. The polar products are extracted towards the surrounding water phase, allowing for selectivity tuning. In this study, propene and 1-octene have been successfully epoxidized by hydrogen peroxide, catalysed by micelle-incorporated porphyrin catalysts. Preliminary experiments show that an ultrafiltration membrane can retain the micelles containing the homogeneous catalyst. This opens up the industrial application of homogeneous catalysis for the production of commodity chemicals. 03/00948 Modelling of heat and moisture transfer in buildings. I. Model program Lii, X. Energy and Buildings, 2002, 34, (lo), 1033-1043. The overall objective of this work is to develop an accurate model for predicting heat and moisture transfer in buildings including building envelopes and indoor air. The model is based on the fundamental thermodynamic relations. Darcy’s law, Fick’s law and Fourier’s law are used in describing the transfer equations. The resultant non-linear system of partial differential equations is discretized in space by the finite element method. The time marching scheme, Crank-Nicolson scheme, is used to advance the solution in time. The final numerical solution provides transient temperature and moisture distributions in building envelopes as well as temperature and moisture content for building’s indoor air subject to outdoor weather conditions described as temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation and wind speed. A series of measurements were conducted in order to investigate the model performance. The simulated values were compared against the actual measured values. A good agreement was obtained.
science, analysis, instrumentation)
border, not 45 degrees to the border. The temperature drops with the increase of furnace height, and the highest temperature appears the area of the burners; from bottom to top, the intensity of swirl firstly strengthens and then weakens in the furnace, but residual swirl still exists at exit of furnace; the distributions of CO, O2 and COz concentration are strongly related to the temperature field, i.e. the high temperature area corresponds to the high CO and low O2 and O2 concentration area. The distributions of the velocity, temperature and the particles trajectories in the furnace were alr,o obtained and analysed. 03/00952 Numerical study on direct-contact condensation of vapor in cold water Takase, K. et al. Fusion Engineering and Design, 2003. 63 64, 421-428. Numerical analyses were carried out to predict quantitatively the condensation characteristics between the water and vapour inside a suppression tank in the International Thermanuclcar Experimental Reactor (ITER). The suppression tank is one of the 1TER safety devices. The pressure rise in an ITER vacuum vessel during an ingressof-coolant event (ICE) is suppressed by the effect of condensation of vapour in the suppression tank. The water-vapour two-phase flow characteristics with condensation under the ITER pressure conditions were clarified numerically. Moreover, flow visualization experiments were carried out to understand the condensation behaviour under low pressure and cold water. The predicted flow configurations agreed well with the experimental results. 03/00953 TG characteristics of GAP fuel-rich propellant and its ingredients Wu, P. et al. Hanneng Cailiao, 2002. 10, ( I ). I8 20. (In Chmese) The thermogravimetry characteristics were investigated of composite propellants based on poly(glycidy1 azide) and other c:omponents, such as ammonium perchlorate (AP), potassium perchlorate (KP), and APKP mixtures. The effects of some transition metal oxide catalysts on the thermal decomposition of the propellant components were also investigated. The effects of the transition metal oxides on the thermal decomposition of GAP, AP, and KP were different.
03/00949 Modelling of heat and moisture transfer in buildings. II. Applications to indoor thermal and moisture control Lti, X. Energy and Buildings, 2002, 34, (IO), 1045-1054. The objective of this work is to evaluate the possibility of ensuring indoor temperature and relative humidity in an acceptable range by controlling heating and ventilation associated with minimizing the energy consumption or cost by the use of a numerical simulation program. An acceptable indoor range means that indoor temperature is 20°C with small fluctuation and relative humidity is in the range of 2070%. A simple heating and ventilation control regulation is proposed. Simulation examples are conducted for different types of buildings based on energy consumption or cost factor. Simulations demonstrate that the indoor condition is much more improved and significant energy consumption or cost can be reduced by using the control regulation developed in this paper. 03/00950 Neutronics and nuclear data for the IFMIF neutron source Fischer, U. et al. Fusion Engineering and Design, 2002, 63-64, 493-500. An overview is presented of the R&D work conducted at Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in co-operation with the Institute of Nuclear Power Engineering, Obninsk, and the University of Wisconsin (UW), Madison, on the development of neutronic computational tools and nuclear data for the International Fusion Material Irradiation Facility intense D-Li neutron source. The focus is on the progress achieved recently for the D-Li neutron source term modelling with an advanced Monte Carlo procedure making use of newly evaluated doubledifferential data for the 6,7Li(d, xn) reactions, and the creation of the Intermediate Energy Activation File IEAF-2001, an activation data library comprising 679 target nuclides from Z= 1 (hydrogen) to 84 (polonium) with neutron induced activation reactions up to 150 MeV. 03/00951 Numerical simulation of flow and combustion process in the tangentially fired furnace of a 200 MW pulverized coal boiler Fan, X. et al. Xi’an Jiaotong Da.rue Xuehao, 2002, 36, (3), 241.-245. (In Chinese) Using a CFD software FLUENT, an Eulerian/Lagrangian approach was employed to investigate numerically the flow field, heat transfer and combustion process in a tangentially fired furnace of 200 MW pulverized coal boiler. Three different cases were simulated. To reduce the influence of the numerical pseudo-diffusion on the computational results, a measure was taken to improve the grid system so that fluids enter the control unit in the direction of perpendicular to the unit’s
03/00956 Thermal and heat transfer characteristics in a latent heat storage system using lauric acid Sar, A. and Kaygusuz, K. Energy Conwrsion rrtrd Mwagement. 2002. 43, (18) 2493-2507. The thermal and heat transfer characteristics of laurlc acid during the melting and solidification processes were determined experirnentally in a vertical double pipe energy storage system. In this study, three important subjects were addressed. The first one is temperature distributions and temporal temperature variations rn the radial and Fuel and Energy Abstracts
May 2003
189
science, analysis, instrumentation)
border, not 45 degrees to the border. The temperature drops with the increase of furnace height, and the highest temperature appears the area of the burners; from bottom to top, the intensity of swirl firstly strengthens and then weakens in the furnace, but residual swirl still exists at exit of furnace; the distributions of CO, O2 and COz concentration are strongly related to the temperature field, i.e. the high temperature area corresponds to the high CO and low O2 and O2 concentration area. The distributions of the velocity, temperature and the particles trajectories in the furnace were alr,o obtained and analysed. 03/00952 Numerical study on direct-contact condensation of vapor in cold water Takase, K. et al. Fusion Engineering and Design, 2003. 63 64, 421-428. Numerical analyses were carried out to predict quantitatively the condensation characteristics between the water and vapour inside a suppression tank in the International Thermanuclcar Experimental Reactor (ITER). The suppression tank is one of the 1TER safety devices. The pressure rise in an ITER vacuum vessel during an ingressof-coolant event (ICE) is suppressed by the effect of condensation of vapour in the suppression tank. The water-vapour two-phase flow characteristics with condensation under the ITER pressure conditions were clarified numerically. Moreover, flow visualization experiments were carried out to understand the condensation behaviour under low pressure and cold water. The predicted flow configurations agreed well with the experimental results. 03/00953 TG characteristics of GAP fuel-rich propellant and its ingredients Wu, P. et al. Hanneng Cailiao, 2002. 10, ( I ). I8 20. (In Chmese) The thermogravimetry characteristics were investigated of composite propellants based on poly(glycidy1 azide) and other c:omponents, such as ammonium perchlorate (AP), potassium perchlorate (KP), and APKP mixtures. The effects of some transition metal oxide catalysts on the thermal decomposition of the propellant components were also investigated. The effects of the transition metal oxides on the thermal decomposition of GAP, AP, and KP were different.
03/00949 Modelling of heat and moisture transfer in buildings. II. Applications to indoor thermal and moisture control Lti, X. Energy and Buildings, 2002, 34, (IO), 1045-1054. The objective of this work is to evaluate the possibility of ensuring indoor temperature and relative humidity in an acceptable range by controlling heating and ventilation associated with minimizing the energy consumption or cost by the use of a numerical simulation program. An acceptable indoor range means that indoor temperature is 20°C with small fluctuation and relative humidity is in the range of 2070%. A simple heating and ventilation control regulation is proposed. Simulation examples are conducted for different types of buildings based on energy consumption or cost factor. Simulations demonstrate that the indoor condition is much more improved and significant energy consumption or cost can be reduced by using the control regulation developed in this paper. 03/00950 Neutronics and nuclear data for the IFMIF neutron source Fischer, U. et al. Fusion Engineering and Design, 2002, 63-64, 493-500. An overview is presented of the R&D work conducted at Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in co-operation with the Institute of Nuclear Power Engineering, Obninsk, and the University of Wisconsin (UW), Madison, on the development of neutronic computational tools and nuclear data for the International Fusion Material Irradiation Facility intense D-Li neutron source. The focus is on the progress achieved recently for the D-Li neutron source term modelling with an advanced Monte Carlo procedure making use of newly evaluated doubledifferential data for the 6,7Li(d, xn) reactions, and the creation of the Intermediate Energy Activation File IEAF-2001, an activation data library comprising 679 target nuclides from Z= 1 (hydrogen) to 84 (polonium) with neutron induced activation reactions up to 150 MeV. 03/00951 Numerical simulation of flow and combustion process in the tangentially fired furnace of a 200 MW pulverized coal boiler Fan, X. et al. Xi’an Jiaotong Da.rue Xuehao, 2002, 36, (3), 241.-245. (In Chinese) Using a CFD software FLUENT, an Eulerian/Lagrangian approach was employed to investigate numerically the flow field, heat transfer and combustion process in a tangentially fired furnace of 200 MW pulverized coal boiler. Three different cases were simulated. To reduce the influence of the numerical pseudo-diffusion on the computational results, a measure was taken to improve the grid system so that fluids enter the control unit in the direction of perpendicular to the unit’s
03/00956 Thermal and heat transfer characteristics in a latent heat storage system using lauric acid Sar, A. and Kaygusuz, K. Energy Conwrsion rrtrd Mwagement. 2002. 43, (18) 2493-2507. The thermal and heat transfer characteristics of laurlc acid during the melting and solidification processes were determined experirnentally in a vertical double pipe energy storage system. In this study, three important subjects were addressed. The first one is temperature distributions and temporal temperature variations rn the radial and Fuel and Energy Abstracts
May 2003
189