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Monitoring Drug Therapy in the Long-Term Care Patient
Seminarfor Continuing Education Personnel Life-long self-directed education was the topic for the Seminar for Continuing Education Personnel which was conducted on Tuesday morning, April 22, at the San Francisco Hilton. Alan B. Knox of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, who is nationally recognized for his work in adult and continuing education, led the seminar. Knox's remarks centered on the role of the pharmacist in assuming more responsibility for his own CE and the responsibilities of CE personnel in facilitating self-directed education. In the latter regard, Knox used the term "linkage-agent" to describe the role of CE personnel as they provide the link between appropriate educational resources which meet identified needs to improve pharmacy practice and the pharmacist. With respect to identification of educational needs, a part of the seminar was devoted to a discussion (conducted in small "workshop" groups) of methods which might be introduced to enable the pharmacist to more accurately determine individual educational needs. One methodology discussed involved a selfassessment technique which makes use of a professional diary kept by the pharmacist for a specified period of time. This approach, which was described
Alan B. Knox, professor, continuing education, University . of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, leads a discussion for CE personnel in pharmacy. The theme of the half-day seminar was "Life-long Selfdirected Education."
in an exercise distributed to the participants at the seminar, requires that the pharmacist know the types of events to record and suggested ways of handling them. Then, upon later scrutiny, the pharmacist (with assistance, if necessary, by CE personnel) would be able to evaluate his performance as to its strengths and weaknesses. The outcome of the group discussions was very productive. Several persons indicated an interest to "experiment" with some approach to identify pharmacists' educational needs as they relate to their everyday practice. Hopefully,
information derived from such "investigations" will be reported at next year's seminar. Some "self-directed" approaches in current use were described during the open discussion. In addition to Knox, the faculty who assisted in conducting the discussion groups included William L. Blockstein, Bill D. Jobe, Kenneth W. Kirk, Kenneth Lem, Werner Lowenthal, William C. McCormick and Robert G. Mrtek. The seminar was arranged by the Division of Professional Affairs, APhA, Samuel H. Kalman, director of education . •
Monitoring Drug Therapy in the Long-Term Care Patient One hundred twenty-five pharmacists reviewed the drug therapy of Nettie Briggs, a stereotype long-term care patient, during a workshop presented Wednesday morning, April 23, by the Academy of General Practice in conjunction with the Professional Affairs Division of APhA. The case study of Mrs. Briggs, which included a typical medical record for the patient, was developed by David L. Heeren of Pharmacare Services, Inc., Sacramen~o, California, for the home-study course of monitoring drug therapy in the longterm care facility being prepared by APhA under contract to HEW. (It is anticipated that the home-study course will be ready for distribution this summer. Notification of its availability will be published in the APhA Weekly.) 288
Prior to the participants' assembling in small groups to review the case, Donald H. Williams, long-term care education coordinator, Region X, HEW, Seattle, presented an overview of ,the federal regulations pertaining to drug regimen review in skilled nursing facilities. Each workshop group was assisted by a pharmacist knowledgeable in the monitoring of drug therapy. The group leaders were-Larry Alkire, Kansas City General Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri; Kenneth J. Bender, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Joel Covinsky, Kansas City General Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri; David L. Heeren, Pharmacare Services, Inc., Sacramento, California; William John-
Journal of the AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
son, Sunland Clinic, Gainesville, Florida; Steven Kayser, University of California, San Francisco, California; Kim Kelly, Kansas City General Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri; Robert Leonard, University of Texas, San Antonio, Texas; Louis C. Littlefield, University of Texas, San Antonio, Texas; Michael A. Riddiough, University of California, San Francisco, California; Carl Trinca, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, and Michael Winter, University of California, San Francisco, California. Comments from the workshop participants and faculty indicated that the workshop provided an opportunity for the participants to increase their clinical knowledge and improve their drug monitoring techniq ues. •
Alan B. Knox, professor, continuing education, University . of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, leads a discussion for CE personnel in pharmacy. The theme of the half-day seminar was "Life-long Selfdirected Education."
in an exercise distributed to the participants at the seminar, requires that the pharmacist know the types of events to record and suggested ways of handling them. Then, upon later scrutiny, the pharmacist (with assistance, if necessary, by CE personnel) would be able to evaluate his performance as to its strengths and weaknesses. The outcome of the group discussions was very productive. Several persons indicated an interest to "experiment" with some approach to identify pharmacists' educational needs as they relate to their everyday practice. Hopefully,
information derived from such "investigations" will be reported at next year's seminar. Some "self-directed" approaches in current use were described during the open discussion. In addition to Knox, the faculty who assisted in conducting the discussion groups included William L. Blockstein, Bill D. Jobe, Kenneth W. Kirk, Kenneth Lem, Werner Lowenthal, William C. McCormick and Robert G. Mrtek. The seminar was arranged by the Division of Professional Affairs, APhA, Samuel H. Kalman, director of education . •
Monitoring Drug Therapy in the Long-Term Care Patient One hundred twenty-five pharmacists reviewed the drug therapy of Nettie Briggs, a stereotype long-term care patient, during a workshop presented Wednesday morning, April 23, by the Academy of General Practice in conjunction with the Professional Affairs Division of APhA. The case study of Mrs. Briggs, which included a typical medical record for the patient, was developed by David L. Heeren of Pharmacare Services, Inc., Sacramen~o, California, for the home-study course of monitoring drug therapy in the longterm care facility being prepared by APhA under contract to HEW. (It is anticipated that the home-study course will be ready for distribution this summer. Notification of its availability will be published in the APhA Weekly.) 288
Prior to the participants' assembling in small groups to review the case, Donald H. Williams, long-term care education coordinator, Region X, HEW, Seattle, presented an overview of ,the federal regulations pertaining to drug regimen review in skilled nursing facilities. Each workshop group was assisted by a pharmacist knowledgeable in the monitoring of drug therapy. The group leaders were-Larry Alkire, Kansas City General Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri; Kenneth J. Bender, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Joel Covinsky, Kansas City General Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri; David L. Heeren, Pharmacare Services, Inc., Sacramento, California; William John-
Journal of the AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
son, Sunland Clinic, Gainesville, Florida; Steven Kayser, University of California, San Francisco, California; Kim Kelly, Kansas City General Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri; Robert Leonard, University of Texas, San Antonio, Texas; Louis C. Littlefield, University of Texas, San Antonio, Texas; Michael A. Riddiough, University of California, San Francisco, California; Carl Trinca, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, and Michael Winter, University of California, San Francisco, California. Comments from the workshop participants and faculty indicated that the workshop provided an opportunity for the participants to increase their clinical knowledge and improve their drug monitoring techniq ues. •