Motorcycle-rider system dynamics by multibody dynamics analysis — Effects of the rear load on wobble motions and the control assembly

Abstracts / JSAE Review 18 (1997) 185-209 sources which cause the vertical vibration. A calculation model, incorporating the beaming, is introduced to investigate the vibration theoretically. The truck model indicates that the beaming has a considerable influence on the vertical vibration. The accuracy in the range up to 20 [Hz] is achieved by the model including the beaming up to 2nd mode. Frequency responses of the model agree well with experimental data after identification of parameters with optimal calculation methods. 9638211 Development of Motorcycle Training Simulator Goro Yamasaki, Katsuhito Aoki, Yukio Miyamaru, Koichiro Ohnuma (Honda R & D Co., Ltd.) From September 1996, motorcycle training schools will be obligated to give training on the forecast and prediction of danger by using simulators. In order to obtain a high educational effect, it is necessary to reproduce the sense of riding (banking sense and pitching sense). Sensory evaluation has been made on the said two senses by using a simulator which has four degree of freedom, roll, yaw, pitch and vertical, and the movement of steering. The evaluation has disclosed that the rotation centers of roll and pitch have the greatest influence. The behavior of the developed simulator is controlled by two degrees of freedom, roll and pitch, and the movement of steering. 9638220 Motorcycle-Rider System Dynamics by Multibody Dynamics Analysis - Effects of the Rear Load on Wobble Motions and the Control Assembly Hirohide Imaizumi, Takehiko Fujioka (The University of Tokyo) With the rear load, motorcycle wobble mode oscillation can often be induced in the hands-off condition, and a steering torque disturbance can be induced under the decelerating maneuver in the medium or low speed range. In this paper, a simulation model using multibody dynamics analysis (MDA) is constructed and the influence of the rear load on wobble mode oscillation is analyzed. A mechanism of the rear suspension load which controls the oscillation is suggested. This suspension mechanism is assembled on the rear body of an example motorcycle and the effects on wobble motions are confirmed by straight impulse running tests. 9638239 Driver Model by Fuzzy Logic Control for Obstacle Avoidance Bo Cheng, Takehiko Fujioka (The University of Tokyo) Recently, research on the driver model including the control strategy system has been undertaken. A human driver determines maneuvers according to preview vision information, bodily sensation, etc. This paper observes the relationship between handling maneuver and preview information during obstacle avoidance, and constructs a driver model by fuzzy logic, in which the fuzzy roles are obtained from a human driver's experience based on experimental data from a driving simulator. A comparison between simualtion and experiment indicates the driver model is capable of representing the human driving behavior. The influence of driver's preview actions on driver's avoidance maneuver is also investigated. 9638248 Sensitivity Analysis of a Driver's Model using a Neural Network Model Takashi Yokoyama (Hokkaido Univ. Graduate School), Hisashi Nomiyama (CTI Eng. Co., Ltd.), M. Hadji Hosseinlou (Hokkaido Univ. Graduate School), Takashi Nakatsuji (Hokkaido Univ.) To observe the factors that effect driver's behavior during a curve, a driver's model was constructed using a neural network model and the influential coefficient was def'med. A neural network model consisting of four layers was constructed. It inputs nine signals related to vehicular movements and road configuration, such as vehicle speed, lateral displacement and curve radius. It also outputs three signals related to driver's operations, such as braking force, accelerator displacement and steering angle. After the adjustment of synaptic weights using the training data, the influential coefficient was evaluated for each set of the input and output signals.

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9638257 Driving Characteristics of Novice and Experienced Drivers Part 2: Speed and Directional Controls on Severe Curves Yukio Kojima (National Research Institute of Police Science), Masao Nagai (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology) Characteristics of speed and directional controls of novice drivers were examined by comparison with those of experienced drivers. Experiments were conducted on two sharply curved sections (one is up grade and left-curve, another is down grade and right-curve) of a mountain road. The subjects are 8 novice and 8 experienced drivers. Measured items were driver behaviour (accelerator pedal, brake pedal and steering wheel operations) and vehicle movements (forward speed, longitudinal and lateral accelerations). The results show, (1) novice drivers tend to reduce speed at 13 meters (0.95 see.) later than experienced drivers on the down grade and right-curve, so the approaching speed to the curve is 4% higher, (2) steering wheel operation of novice drivers is faster than that of experienced drivers, and (3) the lateral acceleration is 0.07 g (32%) higher than that of experienced drivers while approaching to the down grade and right-curve. 9638266 E G R System in a Turbocharged Diesel Engine - - Enlarged E G R Area with Variable Geometry T u r b o c h a r g e r Susumu Kohketsu, Kazutoshi Moil, Kenji Sakai, Takazoh Hakozaki (Mitsubishi Motors Corp.) In this study two EGR systems were applied to a 12 liter turbocharged and intercooled Di diesel engine in order to enlarge the EGR area under high load. One was a system of increasing turbine back pressure, and the other used a variable geometry (VG) turbocharger. In the case of the former, although the EGR area could be enlarged, smoke and fuel consumption increased due to decrease in excess air ratio. In the case of the latter, the EGR area could be enlarged and NOx reduced by 22% without increase in smoke and fuel consumption, maintaining adequate excess air ratio with the VG turbocharger. 9638275 Influence of Unconventional Fuel Injection Nozzles on Performance and Exhaust Emissions in a Direct-Injection Diesel Engine Tao Chen, Yasuhiro Daisho, Manabu Miura, Ryoji Kihara, Takeshi Saito (Waseda University) Improving exhaust emissions in diesel engines is limited as long as conventional multi-hole fuel injection nozzles are used. Thus, three unconventional nozzles, including an ultra multi-hole nozzle, a single hole nozzle having an impingement cone and a slit nozzle, were devised in order to improve the atomization and distribution of the diesel spray and the resulting exhaust emissions. These nozzles, combined with different combustion chambers and swirl levels, were compared in terms of combustion, performance and exhaust emissions. The results show that the ultra-multi hole nozzle can considerably improve smoke emission.

9638284 Worldwide Exhaust Emission Legislation and Meeting Technologies for Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines Kazutoshi Moil (Mitsubishi Motors Corp.) This paper reviews the trend of worldwide exhaust emission legislation for Heavy-Duty diesel engines (HDDEs) and the common key technologies to meet them. The common key technologies are turbocharger and intercooler, electronic control high pressure fuel injection system, EGR and exhaust gas after-treatment, qhis paper also introduces the test results using common key technologies and the concept for low emission HDDEs, and the possibility for meeting future exhaust emission legislations is described. 9638293 Improvement of SOF Emission in a Small Direct Injection Diesel Engine Tatsuhito Kaimai (Kitami Inst. of Tech. MS), Hideyuki Tsunemoto, Hiromi Ishitani (Kitami Inst. of Tech.) In a small D1 diesel engine, with a swept volume of about 500cc, the fuel adherence on the combustion chamber wall increases due to the short distance between the chamber wall and the injection nozzle. As a result, the unburned HC and SOF emission also increase. To improve these