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Multiple risk factors of resistant hypertension
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Abstracts
patients were divided into the following three groups: anti-dipper group (n = 59), non-dipper group (n = 73) and dipper group (n = 59). Exam central aortic pressure, augmentation index (AI), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and ankle-brachial index (ABI). To investigate the difference of indexes of central aortic pressure, baPWV and ABI and the relations among them in the antidipper group, non-dipper group and dipper group when the dipper group was taken as the control group. Results: Pulse pressure, AIx75 and baPWV of central artery, daytime diastolic blood pressure (dDBP), daytime mean arterial blood pressure (dMAP), nighttime systolic blood pressure (nSBP), nighttime diastolic blood pressure (nDBP) and nighttime mean arterial blood pressure (nMAP) of peripheral artery, age of patients with hypertension, and medical history are closely related with hypertension in anti-dipper group (P b 0.05). Conclusion: Pulse pressure (PP) of central artery is related with nighttime declining rate of blood pressure and associated with anti-dipper hypertension to some extent. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.521 0141 Study on the relationship between ambulatory blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy and renal function in hypertension DAN ZHAO, ZIXIN ZHANG The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China Objective: To study the relationship between 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and renal function to prevent the occurrence of LVH and renal damage of hypertension patients. Methods: 52 hypertension patients were studied through 24-h ABP, echocardiography and renal function and routine urine test. All patients were divided into normal blood pressure control group and uncontrolled blood pressure group, normal daytime blood pressure group and abnormal daytime blood pressure group, normal nighttime blood pressure group and abnormal nighttime blood pressure group, dipper group and non-dipper group and LVH group and non-LVH group. Echocardiography, renal function and ABP parameters were compared in these groups. Results: IVST, PWT and LVM were significantly higher in uncontrolled blood pressure group, abnormal daytime blood pressure group and abnormal nighttime blood pressure group than those in normal group. LVMI was higher in uncontrolled blood pressure group and abnormal nighttime blood pressure group than those in normal group and there was significant difference (P b 0.05). LVDd, LVM and LVMI was higher in dipper than in non-dipper group, but there was no significant difference in the two groups (PN0.05). 24 h SBP and nSBP were higher in LVH than in nonLVH group and there was significant difference in LVH and non-LVH group (P b 0.05). Although GFR was not significantly different in each blood pressure groups (P N 0.05), there was positive correlation with urinary protein and 24 h SBP (r = 0.443, P = 0.001, P b 0.05) through analysis of two variable correlation. Conclusions: Nocturnal blood pressure, especially systolic blood pressure level in hypertension patients, was closely related with target organ damage such as left ventricular hypertrophy and renal impairment. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.522 0143 An investigation of the specificity value of cTns in diagnosis and exclusion of AMI DONGYA HAO, NING ZHU Erdos City Center Hospital, Erdos, China
Objective: The specificity of cTns has not been so satisfactory. The objective of this study is to define a cut point of cTns and CK-MB in diagnosis of AMI. Methods: Measure the serum cTnI, cTnT, and CK-MB of the continuous patients who were admitted in our hospital in three months. 334 cases were collected. They were divided into 6 groups: 30 cases in AMI group, 90 in angina pectoris, 56 in heart failure, 41 in cardiac arrhythmia, 97 in hypertensive, and 20 in uremia. The sensitivity, specificity and the accuracy of cTnI, cTnT and CK-MB were analyzed. Results: The serum cTns and CK-MB concentration in AMI patients were significantly higher than other groups (P b 0.05) but the value of them in other groups had overlap with the AMI group. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of cTnI for diagnosing AMI were 100%, 81.3% and 82.9% by exceeding the cut off point of 0.14 ng/mL (95th percentile reference value). They were 96.7%, 89.1% and 89.8% by cTnI exceeding twice the cut off point (0.28 ng/mL). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of cTnT for diagnosing AMI were 96.7%, 99.6% and 87.4% by exceeding the cut off point; and 93.3%, 99.4% and 99.5% by cTnT exceeding twice the cut off point. The CK-MB were 50%, 85.5% and 82.3% by exceeding the cut off point; and 43.3%, 99.3% and 94.3% by CK-MB exceeding twice the cut off point. Conclusion: cTnI and cTnT both had high sensitivity in diagnosing AMI, but the specificity of cTnT was higher than cTnI. The sensitivity of CK-MB was not high, but the specificity of CK-MB was as high as cTnT. Our result suggests that cTns should have two critical values, one for diagnosis of AMI and another is for excluding non-ischemia damage of myocardium. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.523 0147 Multiple risk factors of resistant hypertension QIANG FENG, LIN ZHANG, JUFANG WANG, LIANGQING ZHANG Cardiovascular Institute of Shan Xi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China Objective: To study the relationship between average blood pulse pressure (ABPP), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD), ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) and resistant hypertension respectively, and investigate the predictive validity of the four indexes in resistant hypertension. Methods: 687 study participants were recruited from Cardiovascular Institute of Shan Xi Province, all of them were diagnosed with primary hypertension. There were 364 resistant hypertensive patients (Case group) and 323 controllable hypertensive patients (Control group). We compared the biochemical indexes between the two groups, and Logistic regression analysis and ROC curve analysis were analyzed with ABPP, LVMI, MDRD and AASI of them. Results: The course of the disease, BMI, FBG, postprandial 2 h blood sugar, triglyceride, cholesterol, ABPP, LVMI, AASI of the case group all higher than those of the control group (P b 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that ABPP (before adjusting OR = 1.110, after adjusting OR = 1.111, P b 0.001) and LVMI (before adjusting OR = 2.586, after adjusting OR = 2.685, P b 0.001) are both independent risk factors of resistant hypertension, while MDRD (before adjusting OR = 0.638, after adjusting OR = 0.642, P b 0.05) is a protective factor. Logistic regression analysis of AASI indicated that no statistical significance (before adjusting OR = 0.795, after adjusting OR = 0.757). ROC curves demonstrate: ABPP, LVMI and AASI do have the predictive validity of uncontrollable blood pressure, which are of statistical significance (P b 0.001), and among the three indexes, ABPP lists first (AUC = 0.75), then come LVMI (AUG = 0.42) and AASI (AUC = 0.34); and MDRD presents protective function to control blood pressure (P b 0.001, AUG = 0.20). Conclusion: ABPP and LVMI are risk predictors of uncontrollable blood pressure, the higher the two are, the worse blood pressure could be controlled; MDRD a is
Abstracts
protective factor, the lower it is, the worse blood pressure could be controlled. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.524 0179 Correlation between cerebral microbleeds and hypertension and other risk factors LI LIN, TIEMIN WEI Department of Cardiology, Lishui City Central Hospital, Zhejiang Province, China Objective: In order to investigate the influence of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) on hypertension, and study association between CMBs grading severity and classification of hypertension. Methods: We performed a hospital-based survey of patients with hypertension undergoing gradient-echo T2-weighted imaging. One hundred and twenty consecutive inpatients were recruited from March 2009 to February 2011 by our hospital. We detected the CMBs lesion number, location and clinical parameters. Multivariate logistic regression was used to find the independent risk factors for CMBs. Spearman's rank correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between the severity of CMBs and hypertension grade-level. Results: CMBs lesions were presented in 41 of the 120 patients (34.17%). The majority of patients with CMBs exhibited multiple lesions, which were noted simultaneously in various parts of the brain, the number of CMBs ranged from 1 to 31, The distribution of CMBs was 46.18% in cortex–subcortex, 33.09% basal ganglia regions,12% thalamic, 6.55% brainstem, and 2.18% in cerebellum. Age, smoking, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly associated with the presence of CMBs [P = 0.044, OR = 1.056, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.001–1.113; P = 0.020, OR = 3.121, 95%CI 1.195–8.152; P = 0.006, OR = 1.040, 95%CI 1.011–1.070; P = 0.034, OR= 1.055, 95%CI 1.004–1.108, respectively]. There were no significant relationships demonstrated between CMBs and blood lipids, diabetes mellitus, serum urate, hs-CRP, sex and drinking (P N 0.05). There was a statistically significant correlation between the severity of CMBs and hypertension grade-level (r= 0.551, P b 0.01). Conclusions: CMBs occur frequently in patients with hypertension. As can be seen, there is a regional distribution and there is also some tendency toward a higher frequency of CMBs in cortex–subcortex and basal ganglia region, but less commonly in brainstem and cerebellum in patients with hypertension. Age, hypertension, and smoking were significantly associated with the presence of CMBs. The severity of CMBs correlates with the severity of hypertension. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.525 0183 The reverse effect of l-amlodipine on microalbuminuria in patients with poorly controlled blood pressure YUANYUAN CHEN, ZHIYI MA Hypertension Research Division, Cardiac Center, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China Objective: This study was designed to observe the reverse effect on microalbuminuria by different combination treatments of calciumchannel blockers (CCBs) or diuretics in hypertensive patients with poorly controlled blood pressure. Methods: Randomized combination treatments of CCB l-amlodipine or diuretics HCTZ with existing regimens for 12 weeks were performed. The reverse effects of different regimens on microalbuminuria were studied. Results: 1. Two groups of mild-to-moderate hypertensive patients with uncontrolled blood pressure being treated with existing regimens were added with
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l-amlodipine or HCTZ, respectively. Results showed that the blood pressure dropped significantly while the control rates increased 2.18 times and 3.15 times, respectively. No significant difference between the two groups was found. 2. Microalbuminuria of 54.9% patients in l-amlodipine group turned negative while 19.0% in HCTZ group likewise on the basis of similar drops in blood pressure in both treatment groups. Significant difference between the two groups was found. 3. Microalbuminuria of 82.35% patients in l-amlodipine group decreased ≥30% while 59.26% in HCTZ group likewise when the patients achieve successful blood pressure control (b140/90 mm Hg) under the different regimens. Significant difference between the two groups was found. Conclusions: Combination treatments of CCB l-amlodipine or diuretics HCTZ with existing RAS-blocker based regimens could further lower blood pressure and increase blood pressure control rates. But l-amlodipine-based combination therapy was significantly superior to HCTZ-based combination therapy for the reverse effect of target-organ damage and microalbuminuria. Significant difference between the two groups was found. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.526 0192 Comparison of blood pressure variability and renin levels of Han, Uygur, and Kazakh males with essential hypertension in Xinjiang XINJUAN XU, MULATI ABILAILIETI, ZHULEPIYA SIMAYI, YULAN CHEN, JUNSHI ZHANG Department of Hypertension, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China Objective: To compare blood pressure variability and renin levels of Han, Uygur, and Kazakh males with essential hypertension in Xinjiang. Methods: 151 patients with essential hypertension were divided into three groups according to their ethnicity, and blood renin–angiotensin–aldosterone levels in orthostatic and lying position and cortisol rhythm were measured. The results were analyzed with statistical methods. Results: There was no statistical significance between the level of plasma rennin activity (PRA), angiotensin II (AT-II), aldosterone (ALD) of Han and Uygur patients (P N 0.05), There was a statistical significance between Kazakh patients and other two groups in the level of PRA, AT-II (P b 0.05). Daytime systolic blood pressure (dSBP), daytime diastolic blood pressure (dDBP), nighttime systolic blood pressure (nSBP) and nighttime diastolic blood pressure (nDBP) have no statistical significance between the dipper group of Kazakh patients and dipper group of other two ethnics (P N 0.05), dSBP, dDBP, nSBP and nDBP have statistical significance between the non-dipper group of Kazakh patients and non-dipper group of the other two ethnic groups. Conclusions: We contrasted the level of PRA, AT-II, and ALD of Han, Uygur, and Kazakh males with essential hypertension. We found that the level of PRA of Kazakh patients was significantly lower than other two groups and the level of AT-II was higher than other two groups. The blood pressure variability of daytime and night was higher in the non-dipper group of Kazakh patients than the non-dipper group of other two ethnic groups. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.527 0225 Analysis of cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome NANFANG LI, RUIMEI HAN, ZHITAO YAN Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China Hypertension Center of The People's Hospital Of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
Abstracts
patients were divided into the following three groups: anti-dipper group (n = 59), non-dipper group (n = 73) and dipper group (n = 59). Exam central aortic pressure, augmentation index (AI), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and ankle-brachial index (ABI). To investigate the difference of indexes of central aortic pressure, baPWV and ABI and the relations among them in the antidipper group, non-dipper group and dipper group when the dipper group was taken as the control group. Results: Pulse pressure, AIx75 and baPWV of central artery, daytime diastolic blood pressure (dDBP), daytime mean arterial blood pressure (dMAP), nighttime systolic blood pressure (nSBP), nighttime diastolic blood pressure (nDBP) and nighttime mean arterial blood pressure (nMAP) of peripheral artery, age of patients with hypertension, and medical history are closely related with hypertension in anti-dipper group (P b 0.05). Conclusion: Pulse pressure (PP) of central artery is related with nighttime declining rate of blood pressure and associated with anti-dipper hypertension to some extent. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.521 0141 Study on the relationship between ambulatory blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy and renal function in hypertension DAN ZHAO, ZIXIN ZHANG The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China Objective: To study the relationship between 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and renal function to prevent the occurrence of LVH and renal damage of hypertension patients. Methods: 52 hypertension patients were studied through 24-h ABP, echocardiography and renal function and routine urine test. All patients were divided into normal blood pressure control group and uncontrolled blood pressure group, normal daytime blood pressure group and abnormal daytime blood pressure group, normal nighttime blood pressure group and abnormal nighttime blood pressure group, dipper group and non-dipper group and LVH group and non-LVH group. Echocardiography, renal function and ABP parameters were compared in these groups. Results: IVST, PWT and LVM were significantly higher in uncontrolled blood pressure group, abnormal daytime blood pressure group and abnormal nighttime blood pressure group than those in normal group. LVMI was higher in uncontrolled blood pressure group and abnormal nighttime blood pressure group than those in normal group and there was significant difference (P b 0.05). LVDd, LVM and LVMI was higher in dipper than in non-dipper group, but there was no significant difference in the two groups (PN0.05). 24 h SBP and nSBP were higher in LVH than in nonLVH group and there was significant difference in LVH and non-LVH group (P b 0.05). Although GFR was not significantly different in each blood pressure groups (P N 0.05), there was positive correlation with urinary protein and 24 h SBP (r = 0.443, P = 0.001, P b 0.05) through analysis of two variable correlation. Conclusions: Nocturnal blood pressure, especially systolic blood pressure level in hypertension patients, was closely related with target organ damage such as left ventricular hypertrophy and renal impairment. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.522 0143 An investigation of the specificity value of cTns in diagnosis and exclusion of AMI DONGYA HAO, NING ZHU Erdos City Center Hospital, Erdos, China
Objective: The specificity of cTns has not been so satisfactory. The objective of this study is to define a cut point of cTns and CK-MB in diagnosis of AMI. Methods: Measure the serum cTnI, cTnT, and CK-MB of the continuous patients who were admitted in our hospital in three months. 334 cases were collected. They were divided into 6 groups: 30 cases in AMI group, 90 in angina pectoris, 56 in heart failure, 41 in cardiac arrhythmia, 97 in hypertensive, and 20 in uremia. The sensitivity, specificity and the accuracy of cTnI, cTnT and CK-MB were analyzed. Results: The serum cTns and CK-MB concentration in AMI patients were significantly higher than other groups (P b 0.05) but the value of them in other groups had overlap with the AMI group. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of cTnI for diagnosing AMI were 100%, 81.3% and 82.9% by exceeding the cut off point of 0.14 ng/mL (95th percentile reference value). They were 96.7%, 89.1% and 89.8% by cTnI exceeding twice the cut off point (0.28 ng/mL). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of cTnT for diagnosing AMI were 96.7%, 99.6% and 87.4% by exceeding the cut off point; and 93.3%, 99.4% and 99.5% by cTnT exceeding twice the cut off point. The CK-MB were 50%, 85.5% and 82.3% by exceeding the cut off point; and 43.3%, 99.3% and 94.3% by CK-MB exceeding twice the cut off point. Conclusion: cTnI and cTnT both had high sensitivity in diagnosing AMI, but the specificity of cTnT was higher than cTnI. The sensitivity of CK-MB was not high, but the specificity of CK-MB was as high as cTnT. Our result suggests that cTns should have two critical values, one for diagnosis of AMI and another is for excluding non-ischemia damage of myocardium. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.523 0147 Multiple risk factors of resistant hypertension QIANG FENG, LIN ZHANG, JUFANG WANG, LIANGQING ZHANG Cardiovascular Institute of Shan Xi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China Objective: To study the relationship between average blood pulse pressure (ABPP), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD), ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) and resistant hypertension respectively, and investigate the predictive validity of the four indexes in resistant hypertension. Methods: 687 study participants were recruited from Cardiovascular Institute of Shan Xi Province, all of them were diagnosed with primary hypertension. There were 364 resistant hypertensive patients (Case group) and 323 controllable hypertensive patients (Control group). We compared the biochemical indexes between the two groups, and Logistic regression analysis and ROC curve analysis were analyzed with ABPP, LVMI, MDRD and AASI of them. Results: The course of the disease, BMI, FBG, postprandial 2 h blood sugar, triglyceride, cholesterol, ABPP, LVMI, AASI of the case group all higher than those of the control group (P b 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that ABPP (before adjusting OR = 1.110, after adjusting OR = 1.111, P b 0.001) and LVMI (before adjusting OR = 2.586, after adjusting OR = 2.685, P b 0.001) are both independent risk factors of resistant hypertension, while MDRD (before adjusting OR = 0.638, after adjusting OR = 0.642, P b 0.05) is a protective factor. Logistic regression analysis of AASI indicated that no statistical significance (before adjusting OR = 0.795, after adjusting OR = 0.757). ROC curves demonstrate: ABPP, LVMI and AASI do have the predictive validity of uncontrollable blood pressure, which are of statistical significance (P b 0.001), and among the three indexes, ABPP lists first (AUC = 0.75), then come LVMI (AUG = 0.42) and AASI (AUC = 0.34); and MDRD presents protective function to control blood pressure (P b 0.001, AUG = 0.20). Conclusion: ABPP and LVMI are risk predictors of uncontrollable blood pressure, the higher the two are, the worse blood pressure could be controlled; MDRD a is
Abstracts
protective factor, the lower it is, the worse blood pressure could be controlled. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.524 0179 Correlation between cerebral microbleeds and hypertension and other risk factors LI LIN, TIEMIN WEI Department of Cardiology, Lishui City Central Hospital, Zhejiang Province, China Objective: In order to investigate the influence of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) on hypertension, and study association between CMBs grading severity and classification of hypertension. Methods: We performed a hospital-based survey of patients with hypertension undergoing gradient-echo T2-weighted imaging. One hundred and twenty consecutive inpatients were recruited from March 2009 to February 2011 by our hospital. We detected the CMBs lesion number, location and clinical parameters. Multivariate logistic regression was used to find the independent risk factors for CMBs. Spearman's rank correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between the severity of CMBs and hypertension grade-level. Results: CMBs lesions were presented in 41 of the 120 patients (34.17%). The majority of patients with CMBs exhibited multiple lesions, which were noted simultaneously in various parts of the brain, the number of CMBs ranged from 1 to 31, The distribution of CMBs was 46.18% in cortex–subcortex, 33.09% basal ganglia regions,12% thalamic, 6.55% brainstem, and 2.18% in cerebellum. Age, smoking, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly associated with the presence of CMBs [P = 0.044, OR = 1.056, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.001–1.113; P = 0.020, OR = 3.121, 95%CI 1.195–8.152; P = 0.006, OR = 1.040, 95%CI 1.011–1.070; P = 0.034, OR= 1.055, 95%CI 1.004–1.108, respectively]. There were no significant relationships demonstrated between CMBs and blood lipids, diabetes mellitus, serum urate, hs-CRP, sex and drinking (P N 0.05). There was a statistically significant correlation between the severity of CMBs and hypertension grade-level (r= 0.551, P b 0.01). Conclusions: CMBs occur frequently in patients with hypertension. As can be seen, there is a regional distribution and there is also some tendency toward a higher frequency of CMBs in cortex–subcortex and basal ganglia region, but less commonly in brainstem and cerebellum in patients with hypertension. Age, hypertension, and smoking were significantly associated with the presence of CMBs. The severity of CMBs correlates with the severity of hypertension. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.525 0183 The reverse effect of l-amlodipine on microalbuminuria in patients with poorly controlled blood pressure YUANYUAN CHEN, ZHIYI MA Hypertension Research Division, Cardiac Center, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China Objective: This study was designed to observe the reverse effect on microalbuminuria by different combination treatments of calciumchannel blockers (CCBs) or diuretics in hypertensive patients with poorly controlled blood pressure. Methods: Randomized combination treatments of CCB l-amlodipine or diuretics HCTZ with existing regimens for 12 weeks were performed. The reverse effects of different regimens on microalbuminuria were studied. Results: 1. Two groups of mild-to-moderate hypertensive patients with uncontrolled blood pressure being treated with existing regimens were added with
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l-amlodipine or HCTZ, respectively. Results showed that the blood pressure dropped significantly while the control rates increased 2.18 times and 3.15 times, respectively. No significant difference between the two groups was found. 2. Microalbuminuria of 54.9% patients in l-amlodipine group turned negative while 19.0% in HCTZ group likewise on the basis of similar drops in blood pressure in both treatment groups. Significant difference between the two groups was found. 3. Microalbuminuria of 82.35% patients in l-amlodipine group decreased ≥30% while 59.26% in HCTZ group likewise when the patients achieve successful blood pressure control (b140/90 mm Hg) under the different regimens. Significant difference between the two groups was found. Conclusions: Combination treatments of CCB l-amlodipine or diuretics HCTZ with existing RAS-blocker based regimens could further lower blood pressure and increase blood pressure control rates. But l-amlodipine-based combination therapy was significantly superior to HCTZ-based combination therapy for the reverse effect of target-organ damage and microalbuminuria. Significant difference between the two groups was found. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.526 0192 Comparison of blood pressure variability and renin levels of Han, Uygur, and Kazakh males with essential hypertension in Xinjiang XINJUAN XU, MULATI ABILAILIETI, ZHULEPIYA SIMAYI, YULAN CHEN, JUNSHI ZHANG Department of Hypertension, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China Objective: To compare blood pressure variability and renin levels of Han, Uygur, and Kazakh males with essential hypertension in Xinjiang. Methods: 151 patients with essential hypertension were divided into three groups according to their ethnicity, and blood renin–angiotensin–aldosterone levels in orthostatic and lying position and cortisol rhythm were measured. The results were analyzed with statistical methods. Results: There was no statistical significance between the level of plasma rennin activity (PRA), angiotensin II (AT-II), aldosterone (ALD) of Han and Uygur patients (P N 0.05), There was a statistical significance between Kazakh patients and other two groups in the level of PRA, AT-II (P b 0.05). Daytime systolic blood pressure (dSBP), daytime diastolic blood pressure (dDBP), nighttime systolic blood pressure (nSBP) and nighttime diastolic blood pressure (nDBP) have no statistical significance between the dipper group of Kazakh patients and dipper group of other two ethnics (P N 0.05), dSBP, dDBP, nSBP and nDBP have statistical significance between the non-dipper group of Kazakh patients and non-dipper group of the other two ethnic groups. Conclusions: We contrasted the level of PRA, AT-II, and ALD of Han, Uygur, and Kazakh males with essential hypertension. We found that the level of PRA of Kazakh patients was significantly lower than other two groups and the level of AT-II was higher than other two groups. The blood pressure variability of daytime and night was higher in the non-dipper group of Kazakh patients than the non-dipper group of other two ethnic groups. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.527 0225 Analysis of cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome NANFANG LI, RUIMEI HAN, ZHITAO YAN Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China Hypertension Center of The People's Hospital Of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China