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Neuroimmune correlations in acute ischemic stroke
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Abstracts / Journal of the Neurological Sciences 333 (2013) e152–e214
Abstract — WCN 2013 No: 1440 Topic: 3 — Stroke Neuroimmune correlations in acute ischemic stroke I. Solodovnikova, A. Son. Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine Background: Neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis play important role during early brain injury in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the correlations between CD4+/8+, CD7+, CD25 +, CD95+, CD25+/95+, CD38 +, and CD54 + cell counts and clinical outcome in patients with AIS. Patients and methods: 56 males (63.2 ± 4.7 years) with AIS were examined. CD4+/8+, CD7+, CD25+, CD95+, CD25+/95+, CD38+, and CD54+ cell counts were measured using immunoenzymometric PAP method. The clinical outcomes were assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Results: Patients with CD4+/8+ 1.70–4.50 and CD7+ 151.00–591.00 cells/Mcl or CD4+/8+ 1.70–4.63 and CD38+ 122.00–726.00 cells/Mcl cell counts during first 24 h after AIS showed mild disability (mRS ≤1) (р b 0.01). Patients with CD25+/95+ 0.29–1.15 and CD7+ 238.00– 330.00 cells/Mcl cell counts by 8–10th day after AIS showed severe disability (mRS ≥4) (р b 0.01). Patients with CD4+/8+ 1.90–2.71 or CD25+ 382.00–652.00 cells/Mcl cell counts by 21st day after AIS showed mild disability (mRS ≤2) (р b 0.01). Patients with good outcome (mRS ≤1) three weeks after AIS had СD54+ cell counts 473.00–748.00 cells/Mcl during first 24 h after AIS (р b 0.01). Conclusion: Neurological deficit and clinical outcome in patients with AIS correlate with CD4+/8+, CD7+, CD25+, CD95+, CD25+/95+, CD38+, and CD54+ cell counts. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.800
Abstract — WCN 2013 No: 1445 Topic: 3 — Stroke Effects of afobazole on brain tissue under the conditions of new model of local ischemia K. Alikhanyana, M. Balasanyanb, A. Mkhitaryanc. aDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Muratsan Hospital of Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia; bDepartment of Pharmacology, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia; c Department of Clinical Pathology, Muratsan Hospital of Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia Investigations with neuroprotective drugs have shown great promise in preclinical testing but disappointment in clinical trials. So, the aim of our investigation was to develop new local ischemia model more precisely reflecting the clinical picture of stroke, when the acute ischemic disorders develop on the background of chronic ischemization of cerebral tissue and to study neuroprotective effects of afobazole in this model. White inbred rats were used. Chronic ischemization of brain tissue was caused by hypokinesia (rats were individually housed in narrow cages for 15 days). Local ischemia was caused by the ligation of middle cerebral artery (MCA). Data obtained have shown local ischemia caused in hypokinetic rats was conducted by big areas of laminar neuronal necrosis in cortex, accumulation of neutrophiles, massive glial scars, focal hemorrhages, which were more significant after 12 days of MCA occlusion compare with 6th day of MCA ligation. Histopathological analyses of brain of rats treated with afobazole (twice daily, 5 mg/kg, i.p.) during 6 and 12 days have shown diminished subarachnoidal edema, macrofagal reaction was manifested without infiltration of brain tissue, the short areas of laminar necrosis of brain cortex and single areas of pancortical necrosis
were mentioned. Afobazole has shown also ability to limit the size of ischemic zone after 6 and 12 days of MCA occlusion. Thus, afobazole evidently displays neuroprotective effect in the new more relevant to clinical stroke experimental model of local ischemia. It opens new possibilities for afobazole as a potent neuroprotective agent for the treatment of stroke. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.801
Abstract — WCN 2013 No: 633 Topic: 3 — Stroke The recent trends of the change of risk factors with stroke patients at the hospital in Central Tokyo T. Takemi, T. Kimura, A. Unaki, H. Okayasu. Neurology, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Background: In recent years, stroke patients with dyslipidemia as their risk factor have been increasing at our hospital. We assumed the changes in lifestyle and environment of modern times to explain this trend. Objective: Regarding the above clinical question, we consider it is important to examine the change of risk factors prevalence in the younger patients compared with the elder patients, for the prevention of stroke. Patients and methods: This study involved consecutive 1853 patients admitted to our hospital with the diagnosis of ischemic stroke from April 2001 to March 2013, and was conducted by comparative review on patients of two groups about the common risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and atrial fibrillation). Group A includes patients aged less than 60 years old. Group B includes patients aged 60 and over. Result: Group A has 415 patients and Group B has 1438. The percentage of patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and atrial fibrillation as their risk factor was 48.7%, 27.5%, 45.5%, and 9.4% in the Group A, and in the Group B, 63.9%, 29.8%, 34.4%, and 23.7%, respectively. Conclusion: In the Group A, the percentage of patients with dyslipidemia is higher than in the Group B. However, in recent several years, it has been increasing also in the elder patients. Our result indicates the importance of vigorous control of dyslipidemia for the prevention of stroke. To get national trends, it is requested to expand further study throughout all of Japan. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.802
Abstract — WCN 2013 No: 1494 Topic: 3 — Stroke Quality of life in aphasia after stroke in Cotonou, Benin D.D. Gnonlonfouna, C. Adjiena, P.M. Ossou-Nguietb, T. Adoukonouc, D. Houinatoa, D.G. Avodéa. aNeurology, CNHU-HKM, FSS/UAC, Cotonou, Benin; bNeurology, Faculté de Médecine de Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo; cNeurology, Université de Parakou, Parakou, Benin Background: Aphasia, a consequence of stroke is an inability to understand, formulate language or combination of both. Objective: The aim is to report the perceived quality of life among aphasic patients in Cotonou. Methods: It is transversal, prospective study of descriptive and analytic aim conducted in extern neurological department of CNHUHKM and orthophonic clinic in liberal consultation, from October to December 2012, including all patients with aphasia after stroke by dating six months at least. For each patient, the Sickness Impact Profile or SIP-65 was administered. The demographic characteristics
Abstracts / Journal of the Neurological Sciences 333 (2013) e152–e214
Abstract — WCN 2013 No: 1440 Topic: 3 — Stroke Neuroimmune correlations in acute ischemic stroke I. Solodovnikova, A. Son. Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine Background: Neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis play important role during early brain injury in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the correlations between CD4+/8+, CD7+, CD25 +, CD95+, CD25+/95+, CD38 +, and CD54 + cell counts and clinical outcome in patients with AIS. Patients and methods: 56 males (63.2 ± 4.7 years) with AIS were examined. CD4+/8+, CD7+, CD25+, CD95+, CD25+/95+, CD38+, and CD54+ cell counts were measured using immunoenzymometric PAP method. The clinical outcomes were assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Results: Patients with CD4+/8+ 1.70–4.50 and CD7+ 151.00–591.00 cells/Mcl or CD4+/8+ 1.70–4.63 and CD38+ 122.00–726.00 cells/Mcl cell counts during first 24 h after AIS showed mild disability (mRS ≤1) (р b 0.01). Patients with CD25+/95+ 0.29–1.15 and CD7+ 238.00– 330.00 cells/Mcl cell counts by 8–10th day after AIS showed severe disability (mRS ≥4) (р b 0.01). Patients with CD4+/8+ 1.90–2.71 or CD25+ 382.00–652.00 cells/Mcl cell counts by 21st day after AIS showed mild disability (mRS ≤2) (р b 0.01). Patients with good outcome (mRS ≤1) three weeks after AIS had СD54+ cell counts 473.00–748.00 cells/Mcl during first 24 h after AIS (р b 0.01). Conclusion: Neurological deficit and clinical outcome in patients with AIS correlate with CD4+/8+, CD7+, CD25+, CD95+, CD25+/95+, CD38+, and CD54+ cell counts. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.800
Abstract — WCN 2013 No: 1445 Topic: 3 — Stroke Effects of afobazole on brain tissue under the conditions of new model of local ischemia K. Alikhanyana, M. Balasanyanb, A. Mkhitaryanc. aDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Muratsan Hospital of Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia; bDepartment of Pharmacology, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia; c Department of Clinical Pathology, Muratsan Hospital of Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia Investigations with neuroprotective drugs have shown great promise in preclinical testing but disappointment in clinical trials. So, the aim of our investigation was to develop new local ischemia model more precisely reflecting the clinical picture of stroke, when the acute ischemic disorders develop on the background of chronic ischemization of cerebral tissue and to study neuroprotective effects of afobazole in this model. White inbred rats were used. Chronic ischemization of brain tissue was caused by hypokinesia (rats were individually housed in narrow cages for 15 days). Local ischemia was caused by the ligation of middle cerebral artery (MCA). Data obtained have shown local ischemia caused in hypokinetic rats was conducted by big areas of laminar neuronal necrosis in cortex, accumulation of neutrophiles, massive glial scars, focal hemorrhages, which were more significant after 12 days of MCA occlusion compare with 6th day of MCA ligation. Histopathological analyses of brain of rats treated with afobazole (twice daily, 5 mg/kg, i.p.) during 6 and 12 days have shown diminished subarachnoidal edema, macrofagal reaction was manifested without infiltration of brain tissue, the short areas of laminar necrosis of brain cortex and single areas of pancortical necrosis
were mentioned. Afobazole has shown also ability to limit the size of ischemic zone after 6 and 12 days of MCA occlusion. Thus, afobazole evidently displays neuroprotective effect in the new more relevant to clinical stroke experimental model of local ischemia. It opens new possibilities for afobazole as a potent neuroprotective agent for the treatment of stroke. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.801
Abstract — WCN 2013 No: 633 Topic: 3 — Stroke The recent trends of the change of risk factors with stroke patients at the hospital in Central Tokyo T. Takemi, T. Kimura, A. Unaki, H. Okayasu. Neurology, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Background: In recent years, stroke patients with dyslipidemia as their risk factor have been increasing at our hospital. We assumed the changes in lifestyle and environment of modern times to explain this trend. Objective: Regarding the above clinical question, we consider it is important to examine the change of risk factors prevalence in the younger patients compared with the elder patients, for the prevention of stroke. Patients and methods: This study involved consecutive 1853 patients admitted to our hospital with the diagnosis of ischemic stroke from April 2001 to March 2013, and was conducted by comparative review on patients of two groups about the common risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and atrial fibrillation). Group A includes patients aged less than 60 years old. Group B includes patients aged 60 and over. Result: Group A has 415 patients and Group B has 1438. The percentage of patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and atrial fibrillation as their risk factor was 48.7%, 27.5%, 45.5%, and 9.4% in the Group A, and in the Group B, 63.9%, 29.8%, 34.4%, and 23.7%, respectively. Conclusion: In the Group A, the percentage of patients with dyslipidemia is higher than in the Group B. However, in recent several years, it has been increasing also in the elder patients. Our result indicates the importance of vigorous control of dyslipidemia for the prevention of stroke. To get national trends, it is requested to expand further study throughout all of Japan. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.802
Abstract — WCN 2013 No: 1494 Topic: 3 — Stroke Quality of life in aphasia after stroke in Cotonou, Benin D.D. Gnonlonfouna, C. Adjiena, P.M. Ossou-Nguietb, T. Adoukonouc, D. Houinatoa, D.G. Avodéa. aNeurology, CNHU-HKM, FSS/UAC, Cotonou, Benin; bNeurology, Faculté de Médecine de Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo; cNeurology, Université de Parakou, Parakou, Benin Background: Aphasia, a consequence of stroke is an inability to understand, formulate language or combination of both. Objective: The aim is to report the perceived quality of life among aphasic patients in Cotonou. Methods: It is transversal, prospective study of descriptive and analytic aim conducted in extern neurological department of CNHUHKM and orthophonic clinic in liberal consultation, from October to December 2012, including all patients with aphasia after stroke by dating six months at least. For each patient, the Sickness Impact Profile or SIP-65 was administered. The demographic characteristics