- Email: [email protected]
Neuromuscular blockade by d-tubocurarine in children
320
INTERNATIONAL
PULMONARY SUAFACTANT: DETERMINATIONS FHOM LUNG EXTRACTS OF PATIENTS RECEIVING DIETHYL ETHEROR HALOTHANE. R. N. Miller and P. A. Thomas. Anesthesiology Z&1089-1093, Nov.-Dec. 1967. Lung extracts prepared from lung biopsies obtained from patients undergoing thoracotomy for anatomically limited pulmonary disease were studied for the effect of diethyl ether or halothane on surface activity of the alveolar lining material. Five of the patients received ether and five received halothane. Lung biopsies were taken before and after administration of the anesthesia. Maximal and minimal surface tension measurements and calculated stability indices from each study demonstrated that administration of these inhalation anesthetics had no significant effect on pulmonary surfactant. -1. .J. Dowries. ARTERIAL GAS TENSIONS UNDER ANESTHESIA IN TETRALOGY OF FALLOT. M. J. Strong, A. S. Keats und D. A. Coolehy. Brit. J. Anaesth. 39:472-479, June 1967. Arterial blood gases were studied during complete surgical correction of tetralogy in 35 patients. The authors conclude that unnecessarily high airway pressures resulting in high alveolar pressure can be detrimental to oxygenation of patients with severe tetralogy when the pleura is opened. --J. J. Downcs. NEURO~~USCULAR BLOCKADE BY D-TUBOCURARINE G. Long and L. Bachman, IN CHILDREN. Anesthesiology 28:723-729, July-Aug. 1997. The effect of the intravenous injection of 0.1 mg. per pound of d-tubocurarine on the compound muscle action potential of hypothenar muscles was determined in 45 infants and children. The neuromuscular block was inversely and significantly related to age and weight, that is, the younger and smaller children had a greater degree and duration of block, although variability was large. The average time for the muscle action potential to return to 90 per cent of control level after a single intravenous dose of d-tubocurarine was 85 minutes. The data also clearly indicates that intravenous neostigmine, preceeded by atropine, restores the muscle action potential to control levels. Intravenous d-tubocurarine presents no special hazards for infants and children provided that small initial doses (0.2-0.3 mg./kg.) are used, that body cooling is avoided, that the child is not deeply anesthetized with halothane, and that the neostigmine and atropine are routinely used for a reversal.J. 1. Dotc;nes.
ABSTRACTS
OF PEDUTRIC
SURGERY
BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS As A GUIDE FOR TRACHEOSTOMY IN LARYNGEAL OBSTRUCTION.M. L. Bhatiu, S. M. Vermu and S. Kumar. Indian J. Otolaryngology, 19:67-72, June 1967. Oxymetric studies were carried out on 30 patients requiring tracheostomy, 16 as emergency and 14 as elective procedure. Three arterial blood samples, 10 minutes before tracheostomy, 10 minutes after tracheostomy and 24 hours after tracheostomy were analysed by Van Slyke and Neill’s manometric technique. It was found that 55.96 per cent oxygen saturation was the threatening level at which cyanosis appeared. Improvement in oxygen saturation was 15 to 53.8 per cent in 10 minutes after tracheostomy, whereas 24 hours after tracheostomy the range was 19.3 to 35.4 per cent. Though there was improvement in oxygen saturation within 10 minutes after tracheostomy, the normal level was reached only after 24 hours.-R. K. Gandhi. HEAD
AND
NECK
SURGICALTREATXENT OF PIERRE ROBIN SYNDRO~~E. S. A. Rosasco, E. A. Feliu and 1. L. Massa: Ann. Chir. Inf. 8:225-227, 1967. A musculomucosal surface of the tip of a vestibular mucosal edge of the mandible. 6 months later. The results in 12 cases.-M.
flap is cut out of the inferior the tongue and sutured with flap of the low%r lip over the This glossopexy is cut down authors had very satisfactory Bettex.
TREATMENT OF RESPIRATORY DISTRESS IN PIERRE ROBIN SYNDROME. Th. Ehrenpreis, J. Gierup, B. Hallen and K. E. Nordin, Kinderchir. 2: No. 5, 1967. The authors report 9 cases of the Pierre Robin’s syndrome with respiratory difficulty and discuss the treatment-s. Hofmann and H. B. Eckstein. THE ISLAND FLAP OPERATION FOR CLEFT PALATE REPAIR. N. H. Antia and M. H. Keswani, Indian J. Surg., 29:236-240, 1967. Twenty-nine patients with cleft palate, 15 postalveolar clefts and I4 alveolar clefts were operated upon using a Millard island flap of hard palate mucoperiosteum for the elongation of the nasal layer. The tissue is transported on a greater palatine neurovascular bundle and a single unilateral pedicle was used in all cases. Satisfactory elongation of the soft palate was obtained in all except one case where perhaps there was damage to the arterial pedicle and loss of the island of tissue.2% K. Gandhi.
INTERNATIONAL
PULMONARY SUAFACTANT: DETERMINATIONS FHOM LUNG EXTRACTS OF PATIENTS RECEIVING DIETHYL ETHEROR HALOTHANE. R. N. Miller and P. A. Thomas. Anesthesiology Z&1089-1093, Nov.-Dec. 1967. Lung extracts prepared from lung biopsies obtained from patients undergoing thoracotomy for anatomically limited pulmonary disease were studied for the effect of diethyl ether or halothane on surface activity of the alveolar lining material. Five of the patients received ether and five received halothane. Lung biopsies were taken before and after administration of the anesthesia. Maximal and minimal surface tension measurements and calculated stability indices from each study demonstrated that administration of these inhalation anesthetics had no significant effect on pulmonary surfactant. -1. .J. Dowries. ARTERIAL GAS TENSIONS UNDER ANESTHESIA IN TETRALOGY OF FALLOT. M. J. Strong, A. S. Keats und D. A. Coolehy. Brit. J. Anaesth. 39:472-479, June 1967. Arterial blood gases were studied during complete surgical correction of tetralogy in 35 patients. The authors conclude that unnecessarily high airway pressures resulting in high alveolar pressure can be detrimental to oxygenation of patients with severe tetralogy when the pleura is opened. --J. J. Downcs. NEURO~~USCULAR BLOCKADE BY D-TUBOCURARINE G. Long and L. Bachman, IN CHILDREN. Anesthesiology 28:723-729, July-Aug. 1997. The effect of the intravenous injection of 0.1 mg. per pound of d-tubocurarine on the compound muscle action potential of hypothenar muscles was determined in 45 infants and children. The neuromuscular block was inversely and significantly related to age and weight, that is, the younger and smaller children had a greater degree and duration of block, although variability was large. The average time for the muscle action potential to return to 90 per cent of control level after a single intravenous dose of d-tubocurarine was 85 minutes. The data also clearly indicates that intravenous neostigmine, preceeded by atropine, restores the muscle action potential to control levels. Intravenous d-tubocurarine presents no special hazards for infants and children provided that small initial doses (0.2-0.3 mg./kg.) are used, that body cooling is avoided, that the child is not deeply anesthetized with halothane, and that the neostigmine and atropine are routinely used for a reversal.J. 1. Dotc;nes.
ABSTRACTS
OF PEDUTRIC
SURGERY
BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS As A GUIDE FOR TRACHEOSTOMY IN LARYNGEAL OBSTRUCTION.M. L. Bhatiu, S. M. Vermu and S. Kumar. Indian J. Otolaryngology, 19:67-72, June 1967. Oxymetric studies were carried out on 30 patients requiring tracheostomy, 16 as emergency and 14 as elective procedure. Three arterial blood samples, 10 minutes before tracheostomy, 10 minutes after tracheostomy and 24 hours after tracheostomy were analysed by Van Slyke and Neill’s manometric technique. It was found that 55.96 per cent oxygen saturation was the threatening level at which cyanosis appeared. Improvement in oxygen saturation was 15 to 53.8 per cent in 10 minutes after tracheostomy, whereas 24 hours after tracheostomy the range was 19.3 to 35.4 per cent. Though there was improvement in oxygen saturation within 10 minutes after tracheostomy, the normal level was reached only after 24 hours.-R. K. Gandhi. HEAD
AND
NECK
SURGICALTREATXENT OF PIERRE ROBIN SYNDRO~~E. S. A. Rosasco, E. A. Feliu and 1. L. Massa: Ann. Chir. Inf. 8:225-227, 1967. A musculomucosal surface of the tip of a vestibular mucosal edge of the mandible. 6 months later. The results in 12 cases.-M.
flap is cut out of the inferior the tongue and sutured with flap of the low%r lip over the This glossopexy is cut down authors had very satisfactory Bettex.
TREATMENT OF RESPIRATORY DISTRESS IN PIERRE ROBIN SYNDROME. Th. Ehrenpreis, J. Gierup, B. Hallen and K. E. Nordin, Kinderchir. 2: No. 5, 1967. The authors report 9 cases of the Pierre Robin’s syndrome with respiratory difficulty and discuss the treatment-s. Hofmann and H. B. Eckstein. THE ISLAND FLAP OPERATION FOR CLEFT PALATE REPAIR. N. H. Antia and M. H. Keswani, Indian J. Surg., 29:236-240, 1967. Twenty-nine patients with cleft palate, 15 postalveolar clefts and I4 alveolar clefts were operated upon using a Millard island flap of hard palate mucoperiosteum for the elongation of the nasal layer. The tissue is transported on a greater palatine neurovascular bundle and a single unilateral pedicle was used in all cases. Satisfactory elongation of the soft palate was obtained in all except one case where perhaps there was damage to the arterial pedicle and loss of the island of tissue.2% K. Gandhi.