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New alumina membrane
Patents
Patents T h i s is a list of r e c e n t l y p u b l i s h e d patents covering designs and i n v e n t i o n s of r e l e v a n c e to synthetic membrane technology. W h e r e t h e s a m e device h a s b e e n patented in several countries, we n o r m a l l y give t h e B r i t i s h p a t e n t n u m b e r . If t h e r e i s n o UK p a t e n t , w e give t h e n u m b e r of a n English-language patent,ff one exists. The p a t e n t s list is c o m p i l e d from international sources by BHR G r o u p ' s i n f o r m a t i o n service. The facility c a n a l s o b e u s e d to carry out retrospective patent s e a r c h e s - - to t e s t t h e validity, n o v e l t y or i n f r i n g e m e n t of e x i s t i n g p a t e n t s or n e w i d e a s . B H R G r o u p , C r a n f l e l d , B e d f o r d MK43 OAJ, UK, will p r o v i d e free estimates on request. Countries can be identified by t h e c o d e in f r o n t of t h e n u m b e r a s follows:
US P a t e n t Office Scientific L i b r a r y 1 5 t h a n d E a s t S t r e e t s , NW W a s h i n g t o n , DC 2 0 2 3 I, USA T h e J a p a n e s e P a t e n t Office 4-3 Kaksumigaseki 3-chome C h i y o d a - k u , T o k y o 100, J a p a n
Composite metal-ceramic membrane
T h e s u g g e s t e d m e t a l is p o r o u s s t a i n l e s s s t e e l of p o r e size 0.2-10 micron, although other m e t a l s i n c l u d i n g c o p p e r , nickel, sliver a n d o t h e r i r o n a l l o y s a r e n a m e d in t h e p a t e n t a s l o n g a s they provide sufficient m e c h a n i c a l s u p p o r t for t h e v e r y t h i n c e r a m i c layer. The p o r e size of t h e m e t a l is l a r g e r t h a n t h a t of t h e c e r a m i c layer. The c e r a m i c layer, p o r e size 5 - 2 5 0 0 A ( b u t in o n e c i t e d e x a m p l e t h e m a j o r i t y of t h e p o r e s w e r e l e s s t h a n 5 0 / I in AT A u s t r i a AU A u s t r a l i a diameter) and typically BE B e l g i u m BR B r a z i l CH S w i t z e r l a n d DD E a s t G e r m a n y O. 1 - 1 0 m i c r o n s t h i c k , is p r e p a r e d DE W e s t G e r m a n y DK D e n m a r k b y a p p l y i n g a sol to t h e m e t a l EP E u r o p e a n P a t e n t s E S S p a i n s u r f a c e , c o n v e r t i n g it to a gel, FI F i n l a n d FR France t h e n c a l c i n i n g t h e gel. GB B r i t a i n HU H u n g a r y A l u m i n a is t h e p r e f e r r e d IL I s r a e l IR E i r e c e r a m i c m a t e r i a l , b u t o x i d e s of IT I t a l y JP Japan zirconium, t i t a n i u m , silicon o r KP N o r t h K o r e a LI L i e c h t e n s t e i n c e r i u m e i t h e r p u r e or m i x e d a r e LU L u x e m b o u r g NL N e t h e r l a n d s also acceptable. A barrier NO N o r w a y RO R o m a n i a m a t e r i a l is first a p p l i e d to t h e SE Sweden US U n i t e d S t a t e s porous metal which enters the SU Soviet U n i o n W O World P a t e n t metal pores and thereby limits (Patent Treaty t h e sol t h i c k n e s s . T h e b a r r i e r Cooperation m a t e r i a l , if it is a b a s e , a l s o publication) i n d u c e s c o n v e r s i o n of t h e sol to a gel. BHR G r o u p d o e s n o t o p e r a t e a In t h e e x a m p l e q u o t e d , t h e d o c u m e n t d e l i v e r y s e r v i c e for b a r r i e r m a t e r i a l is a s o l u t i o n o f p a t e n t s , b u t full c o p i e s o f t h e benzyltrimethyl ammonium original patent documents can be h y d r o x i d e in m e t h a n o l , a n d t h e o b t a i n e d f r o m t h e following addresses: s o u r c e of a l u m i n a is a b o e h m i t e sol c o n t a i n i n g 10% a l u m i n a . A The B r i t i s h L i b r a r y P a t e n t E x p r e s s s m a l l q u a n t i t y of a s u r f a c t a n t is 25 S o u t h a m p t o n B u i l d i n g s added which reduces the L o n d o n W C 2 A IAW, UK t e n d e n c y of t h e f i n i s h e d F a x : 071 3 2 3 7 2 3 0 m e m b r a n e to c r a c k a n d s o improves the membrane quality. (The B r i t i s h L i b r a r y will a l s o M e t h y l c e l l u l o s e is a l s o a d d e d to s u p p l y a list of UK l i b r a r i e s i n c r e a s e t h e v i s c o s i t y of t h e sol. i n c l u d e d in t h e P a t e n t I n f o r m a t i o n Network.)
M e m b r a n e T e c h n o l o g y No. 4 3
After t h e gel is f o r m e d , a s l i g h t v a c u u m is a p p l i e d to t h e u n c o a t e d s i d e of t h e p o r o u s m e t a l s h e e t ; t h i s p u l l s t h e v i s c o u s gel further into the metal pore mouths, improving adhesion of t h e f i n a l c o a t i n g . T h e n t h e gel is a i r - d r i e d for m a n y h o u r s b e f o r e b e i n g h e a t e d i n a n oven. T h e r a t e of i n c r e a s e of t h e o v e n t e m p e r a t u r e is a b o u t 1 0 ° C / h r to a m a x i m u m t e m p e r a t u r e of 400°C.
Patent number: U S 5 1 8 6 8 3 3 Date: 16 F e b r u a r y 1993 Inventors:. J.A. M e h e n r y , H.W. D e c k m a n , W.-Y.F. Lai, M.G. M a t t u r o , A.J. J a c o b s o n , J.W. J o h n s o n Applicant: E x x o n R e s e a r c h a n d E n g i n e e r i n g Co
New alumina membrane T h i s is a n o t h e r v a r i a t i o n o n a n inorganic sol-gel membrane theme: here, an aluminium a l k o x l d e is p a r t l y h y d r o l y z e d b y s t e a m in t h e p r e s e n c e of a n a c i d p e p t i z i n g a g e n t s u c h a s nitric, o x a l i c or s u l p h u r i c a c i d a n d a n organic solvent such as isopropanol. T h e p r o d u c t of t h i s p r o c e s s is a n a l u m i n a sol w h i c h c o n t a i n s -Al-O- r e p e a t i n g u n i t s a n d retains some alkoxide groups. T h e sol is t h e n d e p o s i t e d o n a porous support and dried and g r a d u a l l y h e a t e d in a conventional calcination sequence. The membrane properties are s u i t a b l e for s e p a r a t i n g hydrogen/carbon dioxide mixtures at high temperatures a n d w i t h g o o d selectivity. The manufacturing process does not u s e w a t e r a s a c a r r i e r or r e a c t i o n medium, so effluent processing considerations are reduced c o m p a r e d to m a n y o t h e r s o l - g e l p r o c e s s e s , it i s c l a i m e d .
Patent number: US 5 1 8 3 4 8 2 Date: 2 F e b r u a r y 1993 Inventors: M.S. Najjar, M.D. H i l m a r Applicant: T e x a c o Inc
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Patents T h i s is a list of r e c e n t l y p u b l i s h e d patents covering designs and i n v e n t i o n s of r e l e v a n c e to synthetic membrane technology. W h e r e t h e s a m e device h a s b e e n patented in several countries, we n o r m a l l y give t h e B r i t i s h p a t e n t n u m b e r . If t h e r e i s n o UK p a t e n t , w e give t h e n u m b e r of a n English-language patent,ff one exists. The p a t e n t s list is c o m p i l e d from international sources by BHR G r o u p ' s i n f o r m a t i o n service. The facility c a n a l s o b e u s e d to carry out retrospective patent s e a r c h e s - - to t e s t t h e validity, n o v e l t y or i n f r i n g e m e n t of e x i s t i n g p a t e n t s or n e w i d e a s . B H R G r o u p , C r a n f l e l d , B e d f o r d MK43 OAJ, UK, will p r o v i d e free estimates on request. Countries can be identified by t h e c o d e in f r o n t of t h e n u m b e r a s follows:
US P a t e n t Office Scientific L i b r a r y 1 5 t h a n d E a s t S t r e e t s , NW W a s h i n g t o n , DC 2 0 2 3 I, USA T h e J a p a n e s e P a t e n t Office 4-3 Kaksumigaseki 3-chome C h i y o d a - k u , T o k y o 100, J a p a n
Composite metal-ceramic membrane
T h e s u g g e s t e d m e t a l is p o r o u s s t a i n l e s s s t e e l of p o r e size 0.2-10 micron, although other m e t a l s i n c l u d i n g c o p p e r , nickel, sliver a n d o t h e r i r o n a l l o y s a r e n a m e d in t h e p a t e n t a s l o n g a s they provide sufficient m e c h a n i c a l s u p p o r t for t h e v e r y t h i n c e r a m i c layer. The p o r e size of t h e m e t a l is l a r g e r t h a n t h a t of t h e c e r a m i c layer. The c e r a m i c layer, p o r e size 5 - 2 5 0 0 A ( b u t in o n e c i t e d e x a m p l e t h e m a j o r i t y of t h e p o r e s w e r e l e s s t h a n 5 0 / I in AT A u s t r i a AU A u s t r a l i a diameter) and typically BE B e l g i u m BR B r a z i l CH S w i t z e r l a n d DD E a s t G e r m a n y O. 1 - 1 0 m i c r o n s t h i c k , is p r e p a r e d DE W e s t G e r m a n y DK D e n m a r k b y a p p l y i n g a sol to t h e m e t a l EP E u r o p e a n P a t e n t s E S S p a i n s u r f a c e , c o n v e r t i n g it to a gel, FI F i n l a n d FR France t h e n c a l c i n i n g t h e gel. GB B r i t a i n HU H u n g a r y A l u m i n a is t h e p r e f e r r e d IL I s r a e l IR E i r e c e r a m i c m a t e r i a l , b u t o x i d e s of IT I t a l y JP Japan zirconium, t i t a n i u m , silicon o r KP N o r t h K o r e a LI L i e c h t e n s t e i n c e r i u m e i t h e r p u r e or m i x e d a r e LU L u x e m b o u r g NL N e t h e r l a n d s also acceptable. A barrier NO N o r w a y RO R o m a n i a m a t e r i a l is first a p p l i e d to t h e SE Sweden US U n i t e d S t a t e s porous metal which enters the SU Soviet U n i o n W O World P a t e n t metal pores and thereby limits (Patent Treaty t h e sol t h i c k n e s s . T h e b a r r i e r Cooperation m a t e r i a l , if it is a b a s e , a l s o publication) i n d u c e s c o n v e r s i o n of t h e sol to a gel. BHR G r o u p d o e s n o t o p e r a t e a In t h e e x a m p l e q u o t e d , t h e d o c u m e n t d e l i v e r y s e r v i c e for b a r r i e r m a t e r i a l is a s o l u t i o n o f p a t e n t s , b u t full c o p i e s o f t h e benzyltrimethyl ammonium original patent documents can be h y d r o x i d e in m e t h a n o l , a n d t h e o b t a i n e d f r o m t h e following addresses: s o u r c e of a l u m i n a is a b o e h m i t e sol c o n t a i n i n g 10% a l u m i n a . A The B r i t i s h L i b r a r y P a t e n t E x p r e s s s m a l l q u a n t i t y of a s u r f a c t a n t is 25 S o u t h a m p t o n B u i l d i n g s added which reduces the L o n d o n W C 2 A IAW, UK t e n d e n c y of t h e f i n i s h e d F a x : 071 3 2 3 7 2 3 0 m e m b r a n e to c r a c k a n d s o improves the membrane quality. (The B r i t i s h L i b r a r y will a l s o M e t h y l c e l l u l o s e is a l s o a d d e d to s u p p l y a list of UK l i b r a r i e s i n c r e a s e t h e v i s c o s i t y of t h e sol. i n c l u d e d in t h e P a t e n t I n f o r m a t i o n Network.)
M e m b r a n e T e c h n o l o g y No. 4 3
After t h e gel is f o r m e d , a s l i g h t v a c u u m is a p p l i e d to t h e u n c o a t e d s i d e of t h e p o r o u s m e t a l s h e e t ; t h i s p u l l s t h e v i s c o u s gel further into the metal pore mouths, improving adhesion of t h e f i n a l c o a t i n g . T h e n t h e gel is a i r - d r i e d for m a n y h o u r s b e f o r e b e i n g h e a t e d i n a n oven. T h e r a t e of i n c r e a s e of t h e o v e n t e m p e r a t u r e is a b o u t 1 0 ° C / h r to a m a x i m u m t e m p e r a t u r e of 400°C.
Patent number: U S 5 1 8 6 8 3 3 Date: 16 F e b r u a r y 1993 Inventors:. J.A. M e h e n r y , H.W. D e c k m a n , W.-Y.F. Lai, M.G. M a t t u r o , A.J. J a c o b s o n , J.W. J o h n s o n Applicant: E x x o n R e s e a r c h a n d E n g i n e e r i n g Co
New alumina membrane T h i s is a n o t h e r v a r i a t i o n o n a n inorganic sol-gel membrane theme: here, an aluminium a l k o x l d e is p a r t l y h y d r o l y z e d b y s t e a m in t h e p r e s e n c e of a n a c i d p e p t i z i n g a g e n t s u c h a s nitric, o x a l i c or s u l p h u r i c a c i d a n d a n organic solvent such as isopropanol. T h e p r o d u c t of t h i s p r o c e s s is a n a l u m i n a sol w h i c h c o n t a i n s -Al-O- r e p e a t i n g u n i t s a n d retains some alkoxide groups. T h e sol is t h e n d e p o s i t e d o n a porous support and dried and g r a d u a l l y h e a t e d in a conventional calcination sequence. The membrane properties are s u i t a b l e for s e p a r a t i n g hydrogen/carbon dioxide mixtures at high temperatures a n d w i t h g o o d selectivity. The manufacturing process does not u s e w a t e r a s a c a r r i e r or r e a c t i o n medium, so effluent processing considerations are reduced c o m p a r e d to m a n y o t h e r s o l - g e l p r o c e s s e s , it i s c l a i m e d .
Patent number: US 5 1 8 3 4 8 2 Date: 2 F e b r u a r y 1993 Inventors: M.S. Najjar, M.D. H i l m a r Applicant: T e x a c o Inc
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