FOCUS our water, soil and air — the same metals that may contribute to antibiotic resistance). Silver, in particular, has been linked with bacterial resistance. Antimicrobials can also lead to "cross-resistance,'' whereby bacteria become resistant to the antimicrobial itself, as well as to a range of antibiotics. Citing both the CDC's and environmental concerns, Kaiser Permanente — which it says operates 38 hospitals and more than 600 medical offices throughout the U.S. — began asking its architects and designers to stop using antimicrobial products in 2006. But it wasn't until recently that the company had a formal policy against using them. Kaiser Permanente has now banned paint and other interior building products treated with "germ-fighting'' antimicrobial agents from being used in its hospitals and other buildings. Instead, the organization recommends strict hand hygiene and environmental surface cleaning and disinfection. The antimicrobial ban is effective immediately, and applies to new construction projects and renovations not yet in the purchasing phase. Antimicrobial surface coating technologies take several forms, whether they be from liquid and powder coatings, or from small-scale instruments to large-scale healthcare facility surfaces and beyond to the community at large. The trends are strongly positive for continued global market growth over at least the next five years, and likely beyond. Whether this is driven by paranoia over the latest killer-microbe that may appear in the press, by consumer demand or by effective marketing, the trend is clearly upwards. Original Source: Durability and Design, August 2016 (Website: http://www.durabilityanddesign.com) Copyright Technology Publishing Co. 2016
Improving the performance of anticorrosive coatings with graphene Iranian researchers from Institute for Color Science and Technology improved the anticorrosive properties of polymeric coatings by using graphene and creating nanocomposite structures. Annually, countries spend a large amount of money on corrosion prevention and repairing the damages due to corrosion. Anticorrosive coatings are used to prevent and reduce the above mentioned costs. Organic coatings are widely used to protect metals against corrosion. Epoxy coatings have desirable protective properties in corrosive media due to its unique characteristics. However, the coating is not able to conserve its protective ability for a long time in contact with corrosive media. Therefore, graphene oxide nanoparticles have been used in this research to create nanocomposite structure and increase protective properties of epoxy-based anticorrosive coating. The use of synthetic nanocomposite coatings for the coating of onshore devices and equipment and in petrochemical units reduces expenses due to the corrosion, and increases the life of equipment, including pipelines. Graphene oxide-based nanoparticles have recently attracted the attention of researchers due to their unique properties. However, these
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materials are not compatible or stable in the majority of organic solvents. Therefore, surface modification process should be carried out on these materials by using amine compounds. The nanosheets are able to prevent the diffusion of corrosive agents into the coating or to postpone the diffusion for a while due to their very high specific area. Therefore, the life of the coating increases significantly. Original Source: Corrosion Science, vol. 103, 2016, pp. 283-304. Copyright Elsevier B.V. 2016
Accelerated weathering degradation behaviour of polyester thermosetting powder coatings The development of new products and their introduction in the market need rapid and reliable accelerated durability tests have the capacity to predict the service lifetimes of the materials. In this paper we report timeconsuming standardised procedures in order to study the durability and the stability of typical polyester powder coatings, used as surface and structure white decorative finish in external architecture. SUNTEST, UVA and UVB accelerated aging tests were done in order to compare the resistance to weathering degradation of different kinds of coatings, four of standard durable and seven of superdurable type. The stability of the single formulation was determined through the evaluation of some chemicals and physical changes on aged samples respect the unaffected one. ATR measurements showed as the degradation differ mainly on the specific type of reactive binder system meanwhile the DSC measurements showed if the accelerate aging processes involved hydrolysis or an increase of the degree of polymerization. A good resistance, in term of gloss and colour retention, were also determined. Original Source: Progress in Organic Coatings, Volume 101, Pages 90-99. December 2016, Copyright Elsevier B.V. 2016
New replication method to fabricate polymer surfaces with robust superhydrophobicity Chinese researchers reported a replication method to fabricate various kinds of chemically stable and mechanically durable superhydrophobic and highly oleophobic polymer surfaces by using hierarchical aluminum (H-Al) as template. The H-Al template that consisted of microsteps and nanoplatelets was obtained by acid etching and subsequent boiling water treatment. Five polymers including acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene (PS), and polyurethane (PU) were demonstrated to successfully replicate the hierarchical morphology of the H-Al. When coated with PDES, the final hierarchical polymer surfaces showed excellent superhydrophobicity and much improved oleophobicity to hexadecane. Most importantly, these polymer duplicates with coating displayed outstanding chemical stability and excellent mechanical durability.
C OAT I N G S The resultant polymer surfaces showed stability even when immersed in HCl/NaOH solutions for as long as 144 h, exposed to organic solvent immersion for 168 h, irradiated with UV-light for 24 h, and placed under air condition for 8 months. The surfaces also impressively presented good mechanical durability after being severely scratched by sharp blade, multiply peeled by adhesive tape, and circularly rubbed under quantitative weight. This strategy can also be applied to any other dissolvable polymers. It is believed that this work provides a simple replicating method to create hierarchical polymer surfaces, and then further realize superhydrophobicity and oleophobicity. Specially, the excellent stability and durability of the resultant surfaces are believed to find promising outdoor applications. Original Source: Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, Volume 507, 20 October 2016, Pages 7–17, Copyright Elsevier B.V. 2016
New Green Building System Reaches U.S. Eyeing the 5.6 million existing buildings in the U.S. not currently covered by green building programs, the U.K.-based Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Methodology, or BREEAM, green building system has launched in America and is moving toward "full deployment.'' Building Research Establishment (BRE) America officials have recently released a free technical manual designed specifically for the U. S. market. Based on the international BREEAM In-Use system, the manual is reportedly tailored to the particulars of the U.S. green building sector, taking into account specific legal and governmental requirements in place. Officials first announced that the system would be migrating to the U.S. in June. Founded in 1990, the BREEAM method is described as an "independent, science-based and inclusive assessment.'' The program provides managers and owners with a "framework for improving the operational sustainability of their asset, reducing energy costs and consequently carbon footprints.'' Developments are awarded credits for achieving targets specified in nine categories, including energy and ecology. The final total of credits determines the rating and certification on a scale of Pass, Good, Very Good, Excellent and Outstanding. Globally, BREEAM has completed more than 548,664 certifications and has more than 2.2 million registered buildings spanning 77 countries, the website indicates. While the system is widely used throughout the U.K., the U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) standard is the biggest green building player in the U.S. and, some experts say, internationally. LEED has 80,000 certifications and another 1 million buildings in the process of certification throughout 150 countries, officials report. A BREEAM official told the media outlet that the two systems would not be in direct competition in the U.S., instead the systems will
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FOCUS be "working alongside'' one another. BREEAM USA will begin to offer assessor training in October and has launched an "early adopter'' program, according to Building Green. Original Source: Durability and Design, 11 August 2016, (Website: http://www.durabilityanddesign.com) Copyright Technology Publishing Co. 2016
LUMIFLON FEVE resins provide color retention, corrosion resistance to auto coatings AGC Chemicals Americas offers LUMIFLON fluoroethylene vinyl ether (FEVE) resins to help automotive and aftermarket producers develop ultradurable coatings for cars and their components in a wide range of colors and glosses. The product is suitable for exterior coating systems that can be utilized on automobile bodies, door handles, doors, wheel emblems, bumper fascia, tail light lenses, aluminium wheels and lettering and logos. LUMIFLON-based topcoats have yielded more than five times the lifespan of acrylic urethane coatings usually used in the automotive industry. LUMIFLON resins are sold in conventional solvent grades, as well as powder coating, water-based resins and solid resins for the production of low VOC and HAPS free ecofriendly coatings. Original Source: Coatings World, Jul 2016, 21 (7), 109 (Website: http://www.coatingsworld.com), Copyright Rodman Media 2016
MARKETS Powder Coatings Market to Reach USD 12,332 Million by 2022 The powder coatings market is expected to generate $12,332 million by 2022. Powder coatings in the appliances segment occupied the major share in 2015 and is expected to maintain its lead throughout the analysis period. Powder coating provides economical, long lasting, and durable quality finish for metal parts and products. It offers benefits such as superior durability, scratch resistance, gloss retention, and resistance to chalking. It is mainly used for applications on metal parts exposed to extreme weather conditions. It adheres to the AAMA specifications and is an ecofriendly process. Powder coating are costefficient, as they do not contain solvents and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In addition, over-sprayed powder coating can be retrieved and recycled for use, thereby reducing cost. The demand for powder coatings has increased owing to growing technological advancements and increasing demand from applications, namely, architectural; appliances; automotive; furniture; agriculture, construction, and earthmoving equipment (ACE); general industrial; and others. Strict environmental regulations also boost the growth of this market. The market has witnessed moderate growth during the past few years and is expected to
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grow at a CAGR of 6.3%, in terms of volume, during the forecast period. Appliances segment dominated the world powder coating market with more than 20% share in terms of volume, generating 454 kilo tons in the year 2015. This application for powder coating is expected to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period. The Asia-Pacific market for powder coatings is expected to grow at the highest CAGR in terms of both volume and value, due to its stable economy, increasing disposable income, and improving standards of living in countries such as China, Japan, Singapore, Malaysia, and Vietnam. The market is expected to witness rapid growth during the forecast period due to proactive government measures to promote the use of eco-friendly coating systems such as powder coatings. The Chinese metal furniture industry is expected to witness rapid growth during the forecast period, owing to availability of inexpensive raw materials. In Asia-Pacific region, the automotive industry is expected to grow, owing to growth in transportation infrastructure, changing lifestyle, and rising disposable income. China is the largest producer of refrigeration appliances. In China, the demand for electric home appliances has considerably increased due to rising disposable income and strong growth in the real estate sector. Original Source: Allied Market Research, 09 August 2016. Found on SpecialChem Coatings and Inks Formulation, (Website: http://www. specialchem4coatings.com) Copyright Allied Market Reserach 2016
Eastern European paint market posts uneven performance as recovery beds in Poland is the biggest paint and coatings market in Eastern Europe (excluding Ukraine and Russia). According to Euromonitor International, the Polish paint market expanded by 2% in 2015 and is expected to grow by 2.2% to €289 M in 2016. Growth is driven by the decorative paints segment, which increased by 2.1% to €251 M in 2015 and is predicted to expand by 2.3% to €256 M in 2016. AkzoNobel, Tikkurila Oyj, Sniezka and PPG Industries dominate Poland's paint market. In 2015, Sniezka posted an 8% year-on-year growth in revenues to €128.5 M and an 18% growth in profits to €11.4 M. The increase was nearly entirely attributed to domestic sales as export revenues fell in Russia (-24.6%), Belarus (-28.6%) and Ukraine (-14.2%). Poland's exports of varnishes, paints, lacquers and other pigments declined by 0.4% (Euro terms) in 2015 and 6.9% to 362,452 tonnes in volume terms. Exports to other European Union (EU) nations increased by 10%, while exports to all other non-EU eastern and central European countries dropped by 20%. In the Czech Republic, the paint and coatings market was valued at approximately CEK 11 bn ($459 M) in 2014, a year-on-year increase of around CEK 800 M ($33 M). Imports represented over CEK 9 bn ($376 M) of sales, with the members of Association of Paint Manufactures of the Czech Republic (AVNH CR) supplying around 30% of total domestic demand. Major market players include PPG, HET, Colorlak and Barvy a Laky Teluria.
C OAT I N G S In Baltic States Estonia and Latvia, positive performances have also been reported. Latvia has seen an over threefold rise in its active paint and varnish makers from 14 in 2012 to 48 in 2016. In Estonia, dominant market players are AS Tikkurila, Eskaro Group and AkzoNobel Baltics AS (ES Sadolin AS). In Serbia, paint and coatings output slumped by 13.3% in 2014 before rebounding in 2015 with a 2.3% growth. The Serbian paint and coatings market has an average turnover of €117 M/y, with 142 active companies and a workforce of 1487 people. Serbia's paint and coatings exports were €78 M in 2015, while imports were €117.5 M in 2015. Top players present in the country include Flint Group, Helios Group, Nevena Color and Maxima. In Croatia, paint and coatings production were 47,133 tonnes in 2015 (2014: 44,622 tonnes). The country's export rose year-on-year from €33.3 M to €36 M in 2015. Similarly, imports increased year-on-year from €118.6 M to €147.7 M in 2015. Meanwhile, Croatia's Chromos Svjetlost has invested €2.3 M for capacity expansion. Original Source: PPCJ, Polymers, Paint, Colour Journal, Jul 2016, 206 (4622), 33-34 (Website: http://www.polymerspaintcolourjournal.com/), Copyright dmg events (MEA) Ltd 2016
Top 25 paint manufactures in Europe 2016 The top 25 paint and coatings manufacturers in the Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) region for the year ended Dec 2015 are enumerated. By sales and in consecutive order, the leading companies are AkzoNobel (€14,859 M), PPG ($15,330 M), BASF (€70,449 M), Axalta ($6200 M), Jotun (NKR 16,282 M), DAW (€1300 M), Hempel (€1563 M), RPM ($4595 M), Valspar ($4439 M), Sto (€1217 M), Sherwin-Williams ($11,339 M), Tikkurila (€584 M), National ($502 M), Brillux (€519 M), Kansai (Yen 328,118 M), Cromology (€752 M), Ring (€500 M), Beckers (SKR 5300 M), Yasar ($1350 M), Altana (€2059 M), Teknos (€291 M), IVM (€324 M), Meffert (€209 M), Ostendorf (€244 M) and CIN (€200 M). Coatings sales in the EMEA region, by company, are as follows: AkzoNobel (€4274 M), PPG ($3987 M), BASF (€1488 M), Axalta ($1292 M), Jotun (NKR 1146 M), DAW (€1068 M), Hempel (€891 M), RPM ($718 M), Valspar ($709 M), Sto (€686 M), SherwinWilliams ($635 M), Tikkurila (€584 M), National ($498 M), Brillux (€472 M), Kansai (Yen 439 M), Cromology (€415 M), Ring (€390 M), Beckers (SKR 368 M), Yasar ($333 M), Altana (€300 M), Teknos (€276 M), IVM (€226 M), Meffert (€201 M), Ostendorf (€195 M) and CIN (€192 M). Meanwhile, in Mar 2016, SherwinWilliams entered to a definitive deal to purchase Valspar for around $11.3 bn, with the transaction set to conclude in 1Q 2017. The combined entities will have $15.6 bn of revenues and a labour force of around 58,000 people. A table shows the top 25 coatings producers in EMEA for the year ended Dec 2015. Original Source: PPCJ, Polymers, Paint, Colour Journal, Jul 2016, 206 (4622), 35-40, 42 (Website: http://www.polymerspaintcolourjournal.com/), Copyright dmg events (MEA) Ltd 2016
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