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New method for assessing the global quality of energy systems
15 Environment (pollution, health protection, safety) 96/03267 Mitigation of greenhouse gases from gas turbine power plants Rao, A. D. and Day, W. H. Energy Converso Mgmr., Juri-Aug. 1996,37, (6), 909-914. Discusses the results of an analysis of the performance and cost impacts for reduction of the major greenhouse gas emission, cal from the humid air turbine cycle as compared to an advanced steam cooled combined cycle. 96/03268 Mitigation strategies for greenhouse gases In Austria Hackl, A. E. Energy Can vel's. Mgmt., Jun.-Aug. 1996, 37, (6), 961·966. On the basis of national emission inventories for carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, an overview is given on studies, results, and recommendations to the government, which have been elaborated within the frame of activities of the National Austrian CO2 Commission and the Austrian Energy Agency. Results and recommendations concern the three greenhouse gases, mentioned above. 96/03269 Model of tracking carbon dioxide emitting energy sources Lo, C. C. Nengyuan Jikan, 1995, 25, (3), 76-98. (In Chinese) Describes a model of tracking carbon dioxide emitting energy sources for predicting the effects of fossil energy demands, utility taxation, and gross domestic production on the CO2 emission reduction for the period 19932000 in Taiwan. 96/03270 Modeling mechanism of the nitrogenous oxides by the combustion of the fossil fuels Korousic, B. Kovine, Zlitine, Tehnol., 1995,29, (1), 37-39. (In Slovenian) Modem combustion processes of the fossil fuels meet the relevant requirements for cost-effective operation and avoidance of environmental pollution. The paper presents the first results of basic study into formation and reduction of NO in high temperature processes of the combustion. The results obtained demonstrate the use of sophisticated methods of thermodynamics as one of the most important tools by the study of the combustion processes to better understand the mechanism formation of the nitrogen oxides, as one of the most important pollutants in combustion of fossil fuels. 96/03271 Modeling of flue gas desulphurizatlon using dry additives Kakaras, E. and Giannakopoulos, D. Chemical Engineering & Processing, Oct. 1995, 34, (5), 421-432. The objective of this work is to investigate the behaviour of the two main mathematical models used for the estimation of sal reduction with the application of the dry additive method. The shrinking-core and pore-tree models for the conversion of the reactant CaO to CaSO, are tested for various parameters such a 50 2 concentration, temperature of the flue gas, porosity and diameter of the sorbent particles. Furthermore, a comparison between the accuracy of predictions of these two models, using experimental test cases, is presented. 96/03272 Modelling of S02 pollution changes with fuel shlttIng in Gebze, Turkey Tiris, M. et al., Energy, May 1996, 21, (5), 371-375. Presents the results of a dispersion-modelling study of Sal concentrations in Gebze, Turkey. Point and area sources were investigated and SOl emissions were compiled. Emissions, meteorological and topographical data were loaded on the USEPA-approved ISCLT model to predict winter average SOl contributions to the air quality over Gebze. The effects of fuelchange options on these contributions were investigated. 96/03273 Monitoring of the release of 238pU, 239, 240 p U, 24'Am, 242Cm, and 244Cm In the airborne effluents from Czech and Slovak nuclear power plants Holgye, Z. et al., Environmentallnt' 1995 21, (6), 833·838. The concentrations of 238pU, 239.2'OpU, 1l 'Am, l,zCm, and 244Cm in airborne effluents and the discharge of radionuclides was determined at the VI and V2 nuclear power plants at Jaslovske Bohunice in the Slovak Republic and the V3 and V4 nuclear power plants at Dukovany in the Czech Republic in 1991, 1992, and 1993. The concentrations of isotopes of transuranium elements and the discharged radionuclides at the VI nuclear power plant were significantly higher than those at V2 and especially at V3 and V4. Temporal variation of discharge data, ratios of transuranium radionuclides in airborne effluents, and related topics are discussed. 96/03274
The Moura lnqulry recommendations
Queensland Government Mining J., Feb. 1996, 97, (1), 10-11.
Describes the safety measures now required by the Chief Inspector of Coal Mines, Australia, as a condition of continued operation of mines.
96/03276 Mutagenicity of particles in exhaust gases from combustion of coal produced in China Takahashi, Y. et al., Kankyo Kagaku, 1995,5, (2), 492-493. (In Japanese) Tests were carried out on coal derived from three different locations in China. It was found that the mutagenicity of the particles in exhaust gases from coal combustion largely correlated with the content of pyran, benz(a)anthracene and benz(a)pyrene. 96/03277 10-MW demonstration of the AlrPol Gas Suspension Absorption flue gas desulfurlzatlon process Burnett, T. A. EPA-600/R-95-015b, US. Environ. Prot. Agency, Res. Dev., (Proc. 1993 S02 Control Symp.) Paper No. 35, 1995, 14 pp.
AirPol Inc., in cooperation with the Tennessee Valley Authority and the U.S. Department of Energy, is demonstrating the Gas Suspension Absorption flue desulphurization technology at TVA's National Center for Emissions Research. This demonstration was selected during Round II of DOE's Clean Coal Technology Program. The process is a dry, lime-based FGD system that has previously been developed for waste incinerator applications in Europe. 96/03278 New guidelines for the design and operation of healthy office environments Grajewski, T. et al., Int. Call! on Healthy Buildings in Mild Climate, Healthy Buildings 95, Milan, Sep. 1995, 3, 1457-1462.
The paper discusses the findings of a study funded by the UK Science and Engineering Research Council and the Department of Trade and Industry to provide new guidelines for the design and operation of healthy, air conditioned office environment. 96/03279 New method for assessing the global quality of energy systems Mazzaracchio, P. et aI., Applied Energy, Apr. 1996, 53, (4), 315-324. Comparisons of various energy systems are often made from partial, limited standpoints that do not take into due consideration the numerous factors involved in such systems. A more complete assessment of the global quality of energy systems must consider a wider range of characteristics, such as: conversion and transportation yields, energy potential, added value, risk of accidents during conversion and transportation, coefficients of transportability and storability, and polluting emissions (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulphur and nitrogen oxides, unburnt hydrocarbons, dust, radionuclides and dispersed heat). The paper not only identifies and quantifies the parameters that allow the above qualities to be expressed, but also defines a tree-structured energy-quality index system which starts from the parameters identified and makes it possible to obtain a global index. 96/03280 A new methodology for evaluating carbon flux between a coral reef, the ocean and the atmosphere Kraines, S. et al., Energy Converso Mgmt., Jun-Sep, 1995, 36, (6), 733-736. A new methodology is proposed for the evaluation of metabolic parameters in coral reef ecosystems using a simple model which combines the metabolic activity with a simplified water flow system. The concentration time profile resulting from running the model for dissolved oxygen are cornpared with continuously observed data taken at a site in Miyake Island and the metabolic rates are obtained by fitting the model to the data using a four parameter optimization routine. It is concluded that the factors governing concentration changes of biologically mediated substrates are sufficiently simulated in the model and mass fluxes can be predicted with accuracy between the coral reef ecosystems and its interfaces with the ocean and the atmosphere. 96/03281 New process for coke oven gas desulfurization Currey, J. H. Iron Steel Eng., 1995,72, (10), 10-14. Describes the Vacasulf technology for desulphurization of coke-oven gas. The technology produces high-purity sulphur as a byproduct. 96/03282 New technology of wet scrubbing and desulfurlzation for middle and small coal-fired boiler flue gas and analysis of its process economy Pei, Q. et al., Huanjing Gongcheng, 1995, 13, (4), 21-24. (In Chinese) Describes a new cyclone type spray scrubber for flue gas desulphurization and dust removal which has <98% dust removal efficiency. The process has an economical initial investment and operational cost and is a new promising technology. 96/03283
A new way of doing business
Energy World, Mar. 1996, (237), p. 17.
96/03275 Moving forward at PATRAM '95 Price, M. Nuclear Engineering Int., Mar. 1996, 41, (500), 37-39. Reports that efforts to revise the 1985 edition of the lAEA Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material (Safety Series 6) are due to culminate in the publication of a new edition at the end of 1996. Consequently, issues addressed during revision - and the revision process itselfwere of particular interest at the PATRAM '95 conference held in December 1995.
Despite the apology from Greenpeace, following their misleading campaign in the summer of 1995, against deepwater disposal of Shell's Brent Spar installation, Shell have learnt a number of lessons from the incident. The overriding wisdom to emerge from the affair is that consultation, as wide-ranging as possible, is almost always a good thing. Shell told of their experiences at a conference organized by the Institute of Petroleum 'Minimising the Impact of Decommissioning' held in London in February 1996.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts May 1996 225
The Moura lnqulry recommendations
Queensland Government Mining J., Feb. 1996, 97, (1), 10-11.
Describes the safety measures now required by the Chief Inspector of Coal Mines, Australia, as a condition of continued operation of mines.
96/03276 Mutagenicity of particles in exhaust gases from combustion of coal produced in China Takahashi, Y. et al., Kankyo Kagaku, 1995,5, (2), 492-493. (In Japanese) Tests were carried out on coal derived from three different locations in China. It was found that the mutagenicity of the particles in exhaust gases from coal combustion largely correlated with the content of pyran, benz(a)anthracene and benz(a)pyrene. 96/03277 10-MW demonstration of the AlrPol Gas Suspension Absorption flue gas desulfurlzatlon process Burnett, T. A. EPA-600/R-95-015b, US. Environ. Prot. Agency, Res. Dev., (Proc. 1993 S02 Control Symp.) Paper No. 35, 1995, 14 pp.
AirPol Inc., in cooperation with the Tennessee Valley Authority and the U.S. Department of Energy, is demonstrating the Gas Suspension Absorption flue desulphurization technology at TVA's National Center for Emissions Research. This demonstration was selected during Round II of DOE's Clean Coal Technology Program. The process is a dry, lime-based FGD system that has previously been developed for waste incinerator applications in Europe. 96/03278 New guidelines for the design and operation of healthy office environments Grajewski, T. et al., Int. Call! on Healthy Buildings in Mild Climate, Healthy Buildings 95, Milan, Sep. 1995, 3, 1457-1462.
The paper discusses the findings of a study funded by the UK Science and Engineering Research Council and the Department of Trade and Industry to provide new guidelines for the design and operation of healthy, air conditioned office environment. 96/03279 New method for assessing the global quality of energy systems Mazzaracchio, P. et aI., Applied Energy, Apr. 1996, 53, (4), 315-324. Comparisons of various energy systems are often made from partial, limited standpoints that do not take into due consideration the numerous factors involved in such systems. A more complete assessment of the global quality of energy systems must consider a wider range of characteristics, such as: conversion and transportation yields, energy potential, added value, risk of accidents during conversion and transportation, coefficients of transportability and storability, and polluting emissions (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulphur and nitrogen oxides, unburnt hydrocarbons, dust, radionuclides and dispersed heat). The paper not only identifies and quantifies the parameters that allow the above qualities to be expressed, but also defines a tree-structured energy-quality index system which starts from the parameters identified and makes it possible to obtain a global index. 96/03280 A new methodology for evaluating carbon flux between a coral reef, the ocean and the atmosphere Kraines, S. et al., Energy Converso Mgmt., Jun-Sep, 1995, 36, (6), 733-736. A new methodology is proposed for the evaluation of metabolic parameters in coral reef ecosystems using a simple model which combines the metabolic activity with a simplified water flow system. The concentration time profile resulting from running the model for dissolved oxygen are cornpared with continuously observed data taken at a site in Miyake Island and the metabolic rates are obtained by fitting the model to the data using a four parameter optimization routine. It is concluded that the factors governing concentration changes of biologically mediated substrates are sufficiently simulated in the model and mass fluxes can be predicted with accuracy between the coral reef ecosystems and its interfaces with the ocean and the atmosphere. 96/03281 New process for coke oven gas desulfurization Currey, J. H. Iron Steel Eng., 1995,72, (10), 10-14. Describes the Vacasulf technology for desulphurization of coke-oven gas. The technology produces high-purity sulphur as a byproduct. 96/03282 New technology of wet scrubbing and desulfurlzation for middle and small coal-fired boiler flue gas and analysis of its process economy Pei, Q. et al., Huanjing Gongcheng, 1995, 13, (4), 21-24. (In Chinese) Describes a new cyclone type spray scrubber for flue gas desulphurization and dust removal which has <98% dust removal efficiency. The process has an economical initial investment and operational cost and is a new promising technology. 96/03283
A new way of doing business
Energy World, Mar. 1996, (237), p. 17.
96/03275 Moving forward at PATRAM '95 Price, M. Nuclear Engineering Int., Mar. 1996, 41, (500), 37-39. Reports that efforts to revise the 1985 edition of the lAEA Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material (Safety Series 6) are due to culminate in the publication of a new edition at the end of 1996. Consequently, issues addressed during revision - and the revision process itselfwere of particular interest at the PATRAM '95 conference held in December 1995.
Despite the apology from Greenpeace, following their misleading campaign in the summer of 1995, against deepwater disposal of Shell's Brent Spar installation, Shell have learnt a number of lessons from the incident. The overriding wisdom to emerge from the affair is that consultation, as wide-ranging as possible, is almost always a good thing. Shell told of their experiences at a conference organized by the Institute of Petroleum 'Minimising the Impact of Decommissioning' held in London in February 1996.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts May 1996 225