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New method to measure pore volume compressibility of sandstones
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Physico-chemical properties 826042 F H Y S I C ~ CHEW~STRY OF FROZEN COAL Glanville, J O; Haley, L H Min Engng, V34, N2, Feb 1982, P182-186 Literature relating to the process of applying s chemical additive to coal which allows it to be more easily broken when frozen is reviewed, together with literature relating to the chemical treatment of coal and particulate minerals. A laboratory evaluation of the effects of chemical additives on the mechanical strength of ice and frozen cosl is then made. 38 refs.
Permeability and capillarity 826043 RADIAL MOVI.34ENT OF PERMEABILITY FRONTS AND MULTIPLE REACTION ZONES IN POROUS MEDIA Hekim, Y; Fogler, H S; McCune, C C Soc Pet Engr J, V22, NI, Feb 1982, P99-107 The dissolution of clays, feldspars and other minerals in sandstone is achieved by the injection of mixtures of hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid. A model for radial flow to describe this sandstone acidising, taking into account the difference in dissolution of the various minerals, is developed. The model predicts acid concentration and changes in overall permeability for high temperatures and long .injection times. Core flow experiments are used to verify the model.
Compressibility, swelling and consolidation 826044 NEW METHOD TO MEASURE PORE VOLUME COMPRESSIBILITY OF SANDSTONES Sampath, K J Pet Technol, V34, N6, June 1982, P1360-1362 The method has been applied to some low-permeability sandstones, and the results are presented along with a description of the measurement technique.
Dynamic properties 826045 EXPLOSIVE ENERGY COUPLING GEOLOGIC MATERIALS Larson, D B Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, vIg, N4, Aug 1982,
P157-166 Small-scsie experiments using contained spherical charges of chemical explosives as energy sources were conducted on 15 geologic materials° The resulting data provides the means of testing the validity of constitutive theories used for grom~d motion calculations. Comparison of these data with linesr elastic theory shows that all these geologic materials behave very differently from a linear elastic material. Parameters to measure the relative coupling of the explosive energy are then derived indicating that the coupling varies greatly for the different materials. 826046 SIMULATION OF EARTHQUAKE MOTIONS IN THE CENTRIFUGE Arulanandan, K; Canclinl, J; Anandarajah, A J Geotech Engng Div ASCE, VI08, NGT5, May 1982, P730-742 The study is concerned with the design of an
earthquake simulator package for the generation of a sinusoidal motion during a centrifuge test. It was then used to excite the dynamic response of a clay embankment in the centrifuge. A comparison of measurements made during the tests with results calculated using a computer program with an equlvalent-linear material model (QUAD IV) for the test condition is presented. The results demonstrate the potential beneficial use of dymamac testing using the centrifuge. Auth. 826047 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY USED TO MEASURE LIQUEFACTION OF SAND. TECHNICAL NOTE Erchul, R A; Gulsrte, R C J Geoteeh Engng Div ASCE, VI08, NGT5, May 1982, P778-782 Reports lab tests showing that resistivity can be used to evaluate cohesionless soils with a high liquefaction potential and to monitor the liquefaction process until a stable condition is obtained° The technique could be adapted for field measurements. 826048 ACCELERATION WAVEs IN A GRANULAR MEDIUM WITH CRITICAL STATE Davis~ R O; Berrill, J B Proc 3rd Australia-Ne~ Zealand Conference on Gecmechar~Ics, Wellington, 12-16 May 1980, V2, P133-136. Publ Wellington: New Zealand Institution of Engineers, 1980 Propagation of acceleration waves in three different rate-type constitutive models for granular media is investigated. Each of the models possesses a critical state° All three models yield the same speed for transverse waves, both for loading and unloading processes~ Longitudinal wave speeds differ for the three models for loading processes, but are similar for unloading processes. Longitudinal wave speeds need not exceed transverse wave speeds but longitudinal waves exhibit material attenuation.
Classification and identification See also: 826141, 626193 826049 INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF COAL SEA~4$ AND MECHANICAL $TABILITY Jere~ic, M L CIM Bull, V75, N841, May 1982, P71-75 Presents a classification of 5 structural types of coal seams, based on the criteria of density of seam profile and density of cracks. These classification types may then be related to mechanics of deformation and failure of mine structures~ The types are as follows: Type I, massive structure with evenly distributed coal constituencies of integrated mechanical properties. Type II, broad-banded structure, with bright and dull coal bands of differential mechanical properties. Type III, heterogeneous structure, with sheared coal bands and partings of sectional mechanical properties. Type IV, contortional structure, with refolded coal layers and deteriorated mechanical properties. Type V, porous structure of orogenlcally crushed and pulverised coal, with disintegrated mechanical properties. The physical and mechanical characteristics of each type sre discussed.
Physico-chemical properties 826042 F H Y S I C ~ CHEW~STRY OF FROZEN COAL Glanville, J O; Haley, L H Min Engng, V34, N2, Feb 1982, P182-186 Literature relating to the process of applying s chemical additive to coal which allows it to be more easily broken when frozen is reviewed, together with literature relating to the chemical treatment of coal and particulate minerals. A laboratory evaluation of the effects of chemical additives on the mechanical strength of ice and frozen cosl is then made. 38 refs.
Permeability and capillarity 826043 RADIAL MOVI.34ENT OF PERMEABILITY FRONTS AND MULTIPLE REACTION ZONES IN POROUS MEDIA Hekim, Y; Fogler, H S; McCune, C C Soc Pet Engr J, V22, NI, Feb 1982, P99-107 The dissolution of clays, feldspars and other minerals in sandstone is achieved by the injection of mixtures of hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid. A model for radial flow to describe this sandstone acidising, taking into account the difference in dissolution of the various minerals, is developed. The model predicts acid concentration and changes in overall permeability for high temperatures and long .injection times. Core flow experiments are used to verify the model.
Compressibility, swelling and consolidation 826044 NEW METHOD TO MEASURE PORE VOLUME COMPRESSIBILITY OF SANDSTONES Sampath, K J Pet Technol, V34, N6, June 1982, P1360-1362 The method has been applied to some low-permeability sandstones, and the results are presented along with a description of the measurement technique.
Dynamic properties 826045 EXPLOSIVE ENERGY COUPLING GEOLOGIC MATERIALS Larson, D B Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, vIg, N4, Aug 1982,
P157-166 Small-scsie experiments using contained spherical charges of chemical explosives as energy sources were conducted on 15 geologic materials° The resulting data provides the means of testing the validity of constitutive theories used for grom~d motion calculations. Comparison of these data with linesr elastic theory shows that all these geologic materials behave very differently from a linear elastic material. Parameters to measure the relative coupling of the explosive energy are then derived indicating that the coupling varies greatly for the different materials. 826046 SIMULATION OF EARTHQUAKE MOTIONS IN THE CENTRIFUGE Arulanandan, K; Canclinl, J; Anandarajah, A J Geotech Engng Div ASCE, VI08, NGT5, May 1982, P730-742 The study is concerned with the design of an
earthquake simulator package for the generation of a sinusoidal motion during a centrifuge test. It was then used to excite the dynamic response of a clay embankment in the centrifuge. A comparison of measurements made during the tests with results calculated using a computer program with an equlvalent-linear material model (QUAD IV) for the test condition is presented. The results demonstrate the potential beneficial use of dymamac testing using the centrifuge. Auth. 826047 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY USED TO MEASURE LIQUEFACTION OF SAND. TECHNICAL NOTE Erchul, R A; Gulsrte, R C J Geoteeh Engng Div ASCE, VI08, NGT5, May 1982, P778-782 Reports lab tests showing that resistivity can be used to evaluate cohesionless soils with a high liquefaction potential and to monitor the liquefaction process until a stable condition is obtained° The technique could be adapted for field measurements. 826048 ACCELERATION WAVEs IN A GRANULAR MEDIUM WITH CRITICAL STATE Davis~ R O; Berrill, J B Proc 3rd Australia-Ne~ Zealand Conference on Gecmechar~Ics, Wellington, 12-16 May 1980, V2, P133-136. Publ Wellington: New Zealand Institution of Engineers, 1980 Propagation of acceleration waves in three different rate-type constitutive models for granular media is investigated. Each of the models possesses a critical state° All three models yield the same speed for transverse waves, both for loading and unloading processes~ Longitudinal wave speeds differ for the three models for loading processes, but are similar for unloading processes. Longitudinal wave speeds need not exceed transverse wave speeds but longitudinal waves exhibit material attenuation.
Classification and identification See also: 826141, 626193 826049 INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF COAL SEA~4$ AND MECHANICAL $TABILITY Jere~ic, M L CIM Bull, V75, N841, May 1982, P71-75 Presents a classification of 5 structural types of coal seams, based on the criteria of density of seam profile and density of cracks. These classification types may then be related to mechanics of deformation and failure of mine structures~ The types are as follows: Type I, massive structure with evenly distributed coal constituencies of integrated mechanical properties. Type II, broad-banded structure, with bright and dull coal bands of differential mechanical properties. Type III, heterogeneous structure, with sheared coal bands and partings of sectional mechanical properties. Type IV, contortional structure, with refolded coal layers and deteriorated mechanical properties. Type V, porous structure of orogenlcally crushed and pulverised coal, with disintegrated mechanical properties. The physical and mechanical characteristics of each type sre discussed.