- Email: [email protected]
New records for the genus Frisilia Walker (Lepidoptera, Lecithoceridae) in the Afrotropical region
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 12 (2019) 438e443
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/japb
Original Article
New records for the genus Frisilia Walker (Lepidoptera, Lecithoceridae) in the Afrotropical region Kyu-Tek Park a, David Agassiz b, Sora Kim c, * a
Bioresource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea Dept. of Life Sciences, Insects Division, Natural History Museum, London, SW1A 2BD, UK c Laboratory of Insect Biosystematics, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea b
a r t i c l e i n f o
a b s t r a c t
Article history: Received 27 March 2019 Accepted 21 May 2019 Available online 25 May 2019
Two species of the genus Frisilia Walker have been known in Africa: Frisilia compsostoma Meyrick, 1921 from Zimbabwe, 1921 and Frisilia triturata Meyrick, 1914 from Malawi. In the present study, F. compsostoma is reported for the first time from Malawi, and F. triturate from Kenya, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Images of adults and male genitalia of the species are illustrated. Ó 2019 National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA), Publishing Services by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Keywords: Africa Frisilia Lecithoceridae New record Taxonomy
Introduction
Material and methods
The vast majority of Microlepidoptera in the Afrotropical area has not been well explored, especially in case of the family Lecithoceridae (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea). In the online website (De Prins and De Prins 2018; http://www.afromoths.net, updated on Oct./2018), 114 species belonging to 21 genera of the family were reported. It seems far from its real existence, comparing with more than 1,260 species worldwide (Park 2018). The genus Frisilia Walker is an Oriental genus, comprising 33 known species mainly distributed in the Oriental region (Park and Shashank 2018). In Africa, while two species of the genus were described, Frisilia compsostoma Meyrick, 1921 from Zimbabwe and Frisilia triturata Meyrick, 1914 from Malawi (the type locality was wrongly noted from Afghanistan by Park et al 2008), no further report on the genus has been made. In the present article, F. compsostoma is reported for the first time from Malawi, and F. triturata is also newly reported from Kenya, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
The present study is based on loaned material from the following museums: the Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium, collected in 1949, and the Natural History Museum at the University of Oslo (Naturhistorisk Museum), Oslo, Norway, collected in 1992; and some additional specimens were collected from Kenya in 1999 and from Malawi in 2002, by the 2nd author, D.J.L.A. Localities of the species in this study are shown in Figure 1.
* Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: [email protected] (K.-T. Park), [email protected] (D. Agassiz), [email protected] (S. Kim). Peer review under responsibility of National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA).
Systematic accounts Genus Frisilia Walker 1864 Type species: Frisilia nesciatella Walker 1864. Type locality: Sri Lanka. Tipasa Walker 1864. Type Species: Tipasa basaliella Walker 1864: 805. Macrernis Meyrick 1887. Type Species: Macrernis heliapta Meyrick 1887. Frisilia Walker is defined by the following morphological characters: (i) the atypical labial palpus (Figure 1-B), with a long, strongly angled 2nd segment and a minute 3rd segment in the male, contrasting with a roughly scaled 2nd and normally slender 3rd segment in the female; (ii) venation much variable, with R5 present or absent in the forewing and M3 and CuA1 stalked or coincident in
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2019.05.001 pISSN2287-884X eISSN2287-9544/Ó 2019 National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA), Publishing Services by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
KT Park et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 12 (2019) 438e443
439
Figure 4. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: labial palpus, lateral view.
the hindwing; (iii) abdomen lacking spinous zones on tegites (Park & Shashank 2019).
Figure 1. Localities collected material in the Afrotropical region.
Frisilia triturata Meyrick, 1914 (Figures 2e9) Meyrick, 1914. Exot. Microlep. 1: 277; Clarke, 1965: 64; Park et al, 2008: 8. Type locality: Nyasaland, Mt. Mulanje, Malawi [BMNH]. Diagnosis. This species is superficially similar to F. compsostoma Meyrick which was described from Zimbabwe in the southeastern part of Africa, but it can be distinguished from the latter by the male genitalia with the slightly round cucullus, stouter and longer median process of juxta and uncus bearing exceeding apex. Wingspan, 15.0 mm.
Figure 2. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: adult.
Figure 3. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: labial palpus, dorsal view.
Figure 5. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: male genitalia, lateral view.
440
KT Park et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 12 (2019) 438e443
Figure 6. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: male genitalia, ventral view.
Figure 8. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: close-up apical part of the aedeagus.
Figure 7. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: male genitalia, the aedeagus.
Male genitalia (Figures 5e8). See Clarke (1965: Pl. 32, Figure 2ae b); Park et al (2008: Figure 46). Uncus short, with triangular lateral processes caudally. Median process of gnathos gently curved, downward, sharply pointed apically. Tegumen deeply incised into converted V-shape on anterior margin. Costal bar connecting tegumen and valva not angled medially. Valva broad at base; cucullus rice paddle shaped, with round apex, as long as basal part of valva, densely setose, with numerous pegs along ventral margin; sacculus broad, narrowly terminated. Juxta with heavily sclerotized, narrow, long, caudal process, sharply pointed apically. Phallus stout, as long as valva; cornuti consisting of a long, horn-shaped bar, as long as three-fourth the length of phallus and the shorter one, about two-fifth the length of the longer one apically. Abdominal sternite VIII deeply emarginated on caudal margin medially (Figure 9). Material examined. 5_, Coll. Mus. Congo, Elisabethville, x. 1949, Ch. Seydel, gen. slide no. CIS-7125/Park, in the Royal Museum for Central Africa; 1_, Kenya, Central, Thika 6000ft, 18 iv 1999, DJL Agassiz, gen. slide no. CIS-7123/Park, in NHMUK; 1_, same locality, 3 xii 1999, DJL Agassiz; 1_, Tanzania, Morogoro Dist., Kimboza For.
KT Park et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 12 (2019) 438e443
441
Figure 12. Frisilia compostoma Meyrick: labial palpus, lateral view.
Figure 9. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: close-up apical part of the aedeagus, abdominal segment VIIeVIII.
Figure 13. Frisilia compostoma Meyrick: male genitalia.
Figure 10. Frisilia compostoma Meyrick: adult.
Res. 300 m, 30 x 1992, leg. Leif Aarvik, in the Natural History Museum at the University of Oslo. Remarks. The species was described from Malawi, based on a single male, but no further faunistic data for this species have been represented. The species is reported for the first time from Kenya, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Distribution. Malawi, Kenya (new record), Tanzania (new record), and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (new record). Frisilia compsostoma Meyrick, 1921 (Figures 10e16) Meyrick, 1921. Annls. Trans. Mus. 8: 87; Janse, 1954: 363; Park et al, 2008: 10. Type locality: Salisbury, Zimbabwe [TMSA]
Figure 11. Frisilia compostoma Meyrick: dorsal view of the head and labial palpus.
Diagnosis. F. compsostoma Meyrick is similar to F. triturata Meyrick, but it can be distinguished from the latter by the distinctly fuscous spot at end of discal cell, and often covered with more orangish-white scales on the forewing. The male genitalia are also differentiated as noted in the preceding species. Wingspan 18 mm. Material examined. 1_, Malawi, Dzalanyama 1250m, 1415S 33 27E, 13 xii 2002, D.J.L. Agassiz, gen. slide no. CIS-7124/Park; 1_, Malawi, Ntchisi 1500m, 1322ʹS 3400ʹE, 12 xii 2002, D.J.L. Agassiz, in NHMUK. Male genitalia (Figures 13e15). See Janse (1954, Pl. CLXI, Figure 6; Pl. CLXXII, Figure 4); Park et al (2008: Figure 50, cited from Janse 1954, Pl. 172, Figure 4; Pl. 161, Figure 6).
442
KT Park et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 12 (2019) 438e443
Figure 15. Frisilia compostoma Meyrick: close-up apical part of the aedeagus.
Figure 14. Frisilia compostoma Meyrick: male genitalia, the aedeagus.
Uncus convex medially, with small triangular processes laterally on caudal margin. Median process of gnathos gently curved, downward, sharply pointed apically. Tegumen deeply incised into converted V-shape on the anterior margin. Costal bar broad, slightly angled medially. Cucullus dilated distally, with round apex, densely setose; sacculus narrowly terminated. Juxta with a narrow, slender caudal process, sharply pointed apically. Phallus stout, as long as valva; cornuti consisting of a long, horn-shaped bar, as long as threefourth the length of phallus and the shorter one, shorter than one-third the length of the longer one apically. Abdominal sternite VIII deeply emarginated on caudal margin medially (Figure 16). Remarks. Because the species was described based on a single male from Zimbabwe, no further material has been found so far. It is reported for the first time from Malawi. Distribution. Zimbabwe and Malawi (new record)
Figure 16. Frisilia compostoma Meyrick: close-up apical part of the aedeagus, abdominal segment VIIeVIII.
Conflict of interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments The authors thank L. Aarvik, Curator of Lepidoptera, Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; W. De Prins and S. Kerkhof, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; and D. Van den Spiegel, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium, for arranging the loan of specimens preserved in the aforementioned museums. This research was supported by the
KT Park et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 12 (2019) 438e443
Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2018042503) and (2017R1D1A1B03030640); and the Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences (RIALS), Republic of Korea.
References Clarke EFG. 1965. Catalogue of the type specimens of Microlepidoptera in the British Museum (Natural History) described by Edward Meyrickvol. 5. London: British Museum (Natural History). p. 255. De Prins J, De Prins W. 2018. Afromoths, online database of Afrotropical moth species (Lepidoptera). http://www.afromoths.net. (Accessed October 2018). Janse AJT. 1954. Gelechiidae. In: The moths of Republic of South Africa; Pretoria. 5 (4) & 6, 332e349, 362e363, 366e370, 377e384.
443
Meyrick E. 1887. XIII. Descriptions of some exotic Micro-Lepiopdtera. In: Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London. p. 275. Meyrick E. 1914. Exotic Microlepidoptera. Marlborough: Wilts. p. 277. Meyrick E. 1921. Description of Republic of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 8:87. Park KT. 2018. Species Diversity of the family Lecithoceridae (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in the world. Biodiversity International Journal 2:37e38. Park KT, Shashank PR. 2019. A catalogue of Indian species of the genus Frisilia Walker(Lepidoptera: Lecithoceridae), with descriptions of two new species from India and South East Asia. Oriental Insects 53:42e150. Park KT, Wu C, Kun A, et al. 2008. A taxonomic review of the genus Frisilia Walker (Lepidoptera, Lecithoceridae), with description of two new species. Zootaxa 1696:1e24. Walker F. 1864. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part XXIX. Tineitesiv. London: The Trustees of the British Museum (N.H.). p. 273.
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/japb
Original Article
New records for the genus Frisilia Walker (Lepidoptera, Lecithoceridae) in the Afrotropical region Kyu-Tek Park a, David Agassiz b, Sora Kim c, * a
Bioresource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea Dept. of Life Sciences, Insects Division, Natural History Museum, London, SW1A 2BD, UK c Laboratory of Insect Biosystematics, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea b
a r t i c l e i n f o
a b s t r a c t
Article history: Received 27 March 2019 Accepted 21 May 2019 Available online 25 May 2019
Two species of the genus Frisilia Walker have been known in Africa: Frisilia compsostoma Meyrick, 1921 from Zimbabwe, 1921 and Frisilia triturata Meyrick, 1914 from Malawi. In the present study, F. compsostoma is reported for the first time from Malawi, and F. triturate from Kenya, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Images of adults and male genitalia of the species are illustrated. Ó 2019 National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA), Publishing Services by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Keywords: Africa Frisilia Lecithoceridae New record Taxonomy
Introduction
Material and methods
The vast majority of Microlepidoptera in the Afrotropical area has not been well explored, especially in case of the family Lecithoceridae (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea). In the online website (De Prins and De Prins 2018; http://www.afromoths.net, updated on Oct./2018), 114 species belonging to 21 genera of the family were reported. It seems far from its real existence, comparing with more than 1,260 species worldwide (Park 2018). The genus Frisilia Walker is an Oriental genus, comprising 33 known species mainly distributed in the Oriental region (Park and Shashank 2018). In Africa, while two species of the genus were described, Frisilia compsostoma Meyrick, 1921 from Zimbabwe and Frisilia triturata Meyrick, 1914 from Malawi (the type locality was wrongly noted from Afghanistan by Park et al 2008), no further report on the genus has been made. In the present article, F. compsostoma is reported for the first time from Malawi, and F. triturata is also newly reported from Kenya, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
The present study is based on loaned material from the following museums: the Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium, collected in 1949, and the Natural History Museum at the University of Oslo (Naturhistorisk Museum), Oslo, Norway, collected in 1992; and some additional specimens were collected from Kenya in 1999 and from Malawi in 2002, by the 2nd author, D.J.L.A. Localities of the species in this study are shown in Figure 1.
* Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: [email protected] (K.-T. Park), [email protected] (D. Agassiz), [email protected] (S. Kim). Peer review under responsibility of National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA).
Systematic accounts Genus Frisilia Walker 1864 Type species: Frisilia nesciatella Walker 1864. Type locality: Sri Lanka. Tipasa Walker 1864. Type Species: Tipasa basaliella Walker 1864: 805. Macrernis Meyrick 1887. Type Species: Macrernis heliapta Meyrick 1887. Frisilia Walker is defined by the following morphological characters: (i) the atypical labial palpus (Figure 1-B), with a long, strongly angled 2nd segment and a minute 3rd segment in the male, contrasting with a roughly scaled 2nd and normally slender 3rd segment in the female; (ii) venation much variable, with R5 present or absent in the forewing and M3 and CuA1 stalked or coincident in
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2019.05.001 pISSN2287-884X eISSN2287-9544/Ó 2019 National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA), Publishing Services by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
KT Park et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 12 (2019) 438e443
439
Figure 4. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: labial palpus, lateral view.
the hindwing; (iii) abdomen lacking spinous zones on tegites (Park & Shashank 2019).
Figure 1. Localities collected material in the Afrotropical region.
Frisilia triturata Meyrick, 1914 (Figures 2e9) Meyrick, 1914. Exot. Microlep. 1: 277; Clarke, 1965: 64; Park et al, 2008: 8. Type locality: Nyasaland, Mt. Mulanje, Malawi [BMNH]. Diagnosis. This species is superficially similar to F. compsostoma Meyrick which was described from Zimbabwe in the southeastern part of Africa, but it can be distinguished from the latter by the male genitalia with the slightly round cucullus, stouter and longer median process of juxta and uncus bearing exceeding apex. Wingspan, 15.0 mm.
Figure 2. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: adult.
Figure 3. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: labial palpus, dorsal view.
Figure 5. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: male genitalia, lateral view.
440
KT Park et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 12 (2019) 438e443
Figure 6. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: male genitalia, ventral view.
Figure 8. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: close-up apical part of the aedeagus.
Figure 7. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: male genitalia, the aedeagus.
Male genitalia (Figures 5e8). See Clarke (1965: Pl. 32, Figure 2ae b); Park et al (2008: Figure 46). Uncus short, with triangular lateral processes caudally. Median process of gnathos gently curved, downward, sharply pointed apically. Tegumen deeply incised into converted V-shape on anterior margin. Costal bar connecting tegumen and valva not angled medially. Valva broad at base; cucullus rice paddle shaped, with round apex, as long as basal part of valva, densely setose, with numerous pegs along ventral margin; sacculus broad, narrowly terminated. Juxta with heavily sclerotized, narrow, long, caudal process, sharply pointed apically. Phallus stout, as long as valva; cornuti consisting of a long, horn-shaped bar, as long as three-fourth the length of phallus and the shorter one, about two-fifth the length of the longer one apically. Abdominal sternite VIII deeply emarginated on caudal margin medially (Figure 9). Material examined. 5_, Coll. Mus. Congo, Elisabethville, x. 1949, Ch. Seydel, gen. slide no. CIS-7125/Park, in the Royal Museum for Central Africa; 1_, Kenya, Central, Thika 6000ft, 18 iv 1999, DJL Agassiz, gen. slide no. CIS-7123/Park, in NHMUK; 1_, same locality, 3 xii 1999, DJL Agassiz; 1_, Tanzania, Morogoro Dist., Kimboza For.
KT Park et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 12 (2019) 438e443
441
Figure 12. Frisilia compostoma Meyrick: labial palpus, lateral view.
Figure 9. Frisilia triturata Meyrick: close-up apical part of the aedeagus, abdominal segment VIIeVIII.
Figure 13. Frisilia compostoma Meyrick: male genitalia.
Figure 10. Frisilia compostoma Meyrick: adult.
Res. 300 m, 30 x 1992, leg. Leif Aarvik, in the Natural History Museum at the University of Oslo. Remarks. The species was described from Malawi, based on a single male, but no further faunistic data for this species have been represented. The species is reported for the first time from Kenya, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Distribution. Malawi, Kenya (new record), Tanzania (new record), and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (new record). Frisilia compsostoma Meyrick, 1921 (Figures 10e16) Meyrick, 1921. Annls. Trans. Mus. 8: 87; Janse, 1954: 363; Park et al, 2008: 10. Type locality: Salisbury, Zimbabwe [TMSA]
Figure 11. Frisilia compostoma Meyrick: dorsal view of the head and labial palpus.
Diagnosis. F. compsostoma Meyrick is similar to F. triturata Meyrick, but it can be distinguished from the latter by the distinctly fuscous spot at end of discal cell, and often covered with more orangish-white scales on the forewing. The male genitalia are also differentiated as noted in the preceding species. Wingspan 18 mm. Material examined. 1_, Malawi, Dzalanyama 1250m, 1415S 33 27E, 13 xii 2002, D.J.L. Agassiz, gen. slide no. CIS-7124/Park; 1_, Malawi, Ntchisi 1500m, 1322ʹS 3400ʹE, 12 xii 2002, D.J.L. Agassiz, in NHMUK. Male genitalia (Figures 13e15). See Janse (1954, Pl. CLXI, Figure 6; Pl. CLXXII, Figure 4); Park et al (2008: Figure 50, cited from Janse 1954, Pl. 172, Figure 4; Pl. 161, Figure 6).
442
KT Park et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 12 (2019) 438e443
Figure 15. Frisilia compostoma Meyrick: close-up apical part of the aedeagus.
Figure 14. Frisilia compostoma Meyrick: male genitalia, the aedeagus.
Uncus convex medially, with small triangular processes laterally on caudal margin. Median process of gnathos gently curved, downward, sharply pointed apically. Tegumen deeply incised into converted V-shape on the anterior margin. Costal bar broad, slightly angled medially. Cucullus dilated distally, with round apex, densely setose; sacculus narrowly terminated. Juxta with a narrow, slender caudal process, sharply pointed apically. Phallus stout, as long as valva; cornuti consisting of a long, horn-shaped bar, as long as threefourth the length of phallus and the shorter one, shorter than one-third the length of the longer one apically. Abdominal sternite VIII deeply emarginated on caudal margin medially (Figure 16). Remarks. Because the species was described based on a single male from Zimbabwe, no further material has been found so far. It is reported for the first time from Malawi. Distribution. Zimbabwe and Malawi (new record)
Figure 16. Frisilia compostoma Meyrick: close-up apical part of the aedeagus, abdominal segment VIIeVIII.
Conflict of interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments The authors thank L. Aarvik, Curator of Lepidoptera, Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; W. De Prins and S. Kerkhof, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; and D. Van den Spiegel, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium, for arranging the loan of specimens preserved in the aforementioned museums. This research was supported by the
KT Park et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 12 (2019) 438e443
Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2018042503) and (2017R1D1A1B03030640); and the Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences (RIALS), Republic of Korea.
References Clarke EFG. 1965. Catalogue of the type specimens of Microlepidoptera in the British Museum (Natural History) described by Edward Meyrickvol. 5. London: British Museum (Natural History). p. 255. De Prins J, De Prins W. 2018. Afromoths, online database of Afrotropical moth species (Lepidoptera). http://www.afromoths.net. (Accessed October 2018). Janse AJT. 1954. Gelechiidae. In: The moths of Republic of South Africa; Pretoria. 5 (4) & 6, 332e349, 362e363, 366e370, 377e384.
443
Meyrick E. 1887. XIII. Descriptions of some exotic Micro-Lepiopdtera. In: Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London. p. 275. Meyrick E. 1914. Exotic Microlepidoptera. Marlborough: Wilts. p. 277. Meyrick E. 1921. Description of Republic of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 8:87. Park KT. 2018. Species Diversity of the family Lecithoceridae (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in the world. Biodiversity International Journal 2:37e38. Park KT, Shashank PR. 2019. A catalogue of Indian species of the genus Frisilia Walker(Lepidoptera: Lecithoceridae), with descriptions of two new species from India and South East Asia. Oriental Insects 53:42e150. Park KT, Wu C, Kun A, et al. 2008. A taxonomic review of the genus Frisilia Walker (Lepidoptera, Lecithoceridae), with description of two new species. Zootaxa 1696:1e24. Walker F. 1864. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part XXIX. Tineitesiv. London: The Trustees of the British Museum (N.H.). p. 273.