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New species of Pseudocercospora, Phaeoisariopsis, Sarcinella and Stenella from Uttar Pradesh, India
[ 67 ] Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 89 (1), 67-72 (1987)
Printed in Great Britain
NEW SPECIES OF PSEUDOCERCOSPORA, PHAEOISARIOPSIS, SARCINELLA AND STENELLA FROM UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA By R. K. VERMA AND KAMAL Department of Botany, Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur-273009, U.P., India Pseudocercospora combretacearum sp.nov., Phaeoisariopsis clematidis sp.nov., Sarcinella quercina sp.nov. and Stenella rhododendri sp.nov., collected on living leaves of Terminalia chebula, Clematis gauriana, Quercus dilatata and Rhododendron campanulatum respectively from the Himalayan foothills of Northern Uttar Pradesh are described, illustrated and compared with allied species.
Northern Uttar Pradesh touches the Nepal border and constitutes a part of the Himalayan foothills. The climate of this region favours the growth of various types of phanerogamic vegetation and seasonal and annual crops and supports luxuriant growth and development of parasitic fungi. Foliicolous hyphomycetes have been found to be abundant throughout this region, and during the last decade an attempt has been made by the school of mycology, Department of Botany, Gorakhpur University to study such organisms. To this end thousands of foliicolous hyphomycetes have been collected and examined. This has resulted in the description and illlustration of over one hundred new species by Kamal and his co-workers and half a dozen new genera (Kamal et al., 1983a, b, 1984a, 1986; Morgan-Jones & Kamal, 1984). In continuation of previous studies a thorough survey has been made of the Nainital and Almora districts of Uttar Pradesh and many interesting foliicolous hyphomycetes have been collected by the authors. Four collections belonging to the dematiaceous genera Pseudocercospora, Phaeoisariopsis, Sarcinella and Stenella, collected on Terminalia chebula Retz., Clematis gauriana Roxb., Quercus dilatata Lindl. and Rhododendron campanulatum D .Don have been determined as undescribed.
Pseudocercospora combretacearum sp.nov. (Fig. 1) Laesiones flavido-brunneae, rotundatae, usque 5'020 mm diam vel sparsae. Caespituli epiphylli raro hypophylli, mycelium ex hyphis immersis, pallideolivaceis, ramosis, laevibus, 2-3!"m latis. Stroma substomatibus, sphaeroidea, usque 45-65 x 15-45!"m. Conidiophora fasciculata, micronematosa, pallideolivacea, laevia, recta vel flexuosa, non-ramosa, 1-3septata, 15-35x 4'0-5'5!"m, cicatrices conidiales 2'04'o!"m latae, indistinctes. Cellulae conidiogenae in conidiophoris incorporatae, terminales, polyblasticae,
non cicatrices. Conidia pallide-olivacea, sub-erecta vel curvata, laevia, irregulariter constricta, 6-16-septata, usque 35-78 x 4'0-5'5!"m. In foliis vivis Terminaliae chebulae, Kath Godam, Nainital, U.P" Oct. 1985,R. K. Verma, GPU, KK 160 holotypus, IMI 299718 isotypus, Lesions yellowish brown, orbicular, 5-20 mm diam, sometimes colaescing and overlapping, necrotic in severe infections, visible on both the leaf surfaces but more prominent on abaxial surface. Caespituli mostly epiphyllous, sometimes hypophyllous, evenly distributed over the spot. Mycelium of internal, pale olivaceous, branched, smooth-walled, intercellular hyphae 2-3 pm wide. Stroma sub-stomatal, sphaeroidal, dense, 45-65 x 15-45 pm, composed of pale olivaceous swollen hyphae. Conidiophores numerous, in a dense fascicle, micronematous, pale olivaceous, smooth, straight to flexuous, unbranched, 1-3-septate above the basal septum, 15-35 pm long and 4-5'5 pm wide; conidial scars 2-4 pm diam. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, polyblastic, noncicatrized. Conidia pale-olivaceous, sub-straight to curved, smooth, more frequently irregularly constricted, 6-16-septate, 35-78 x 4-5'5 pm, base 2-4 pm and apex 2'5-30 pm wide. Pseudocercospora terminaliae (Syd.) M. B. Ellis (Ellis, 1976) has reported on this host genus but it differs in symptoms, nature of stromata, size of conidiophores and conidia.
Phaeoisariopsis clematidis sp.nov. (Fig. 2) Contagiones maculae hypophyllae, floccosae, griseae, ad 1-1'5 mm. Mycelium ex hyphis immersis, ramosis, septatis, laevibus, hyalinis vel olivaceis compositum. Stroma sub-stomatibus, 10'5-13'5x 13'0-18'5!"m. Conidiophora macronematosa, synnematosa vel caespitosa, non ramosa, recta vel flexuosa, pallide vel olivaceobrunnea, laevia, 91-150 x 4'0-6'0 !"m, Cellulae conidiogenae polyblasticae, in conidiophoris incorporatae,
68
New species of foliicolous microfungi from Uttar Pradesh
Fig .
1.
Pseudocercospora combretacearum, stroma, mycelium, conidiophores and conidia.
terminales, sympodiales, cylindricae vel c1avatae, cicatrices . Conidia solitaria, sicca, acropleurogena, simplicia, obclavata vel cylindrica, pallide olivacea, laevia, 3-10septata, raro guttulata, S2'S-{26-78 ) x 4'0-7'0 Jim. In foliis vivis Clematidis gaurianae, Ranibagh, Nainital, U.P., Oct . 1985, R. K. Verma, GPU KK 114 holotypus, IMI 299168 isotypus.
Lesions hypophyllous . Colonies floccose, veinlimited, spreading along the veins, grey, 1-1 '5 mm
diam . Mycelium of immersed, branched, septate, smooth, intercellular, hyaline to light olivaceous hyphae . Stroma sub-epidermal, 10'5-13 '5 x 13"018'5 pm. Conidiophores macronematous, synnernatous or caespitose, with individual unbranched threads, straight or flexuous, pale to olivaceous brown, smooth, 91-156 Jim long and 4-6 pm thick near the base, swelling up to 6-8 pm near the apex. Conidiogenous cellspolyblastic, integrated, terminal,
R. K. Verma and Kamal
sympodial, cylindrical or clavate, cicatrized, scars thin but visible, flattened against the side of the conidiogenous cell. Conidia solitary, dry, aeropleurogenous, simple obclavate or cylindrical, pale olivaceous, smooth, 3-10-septate, sometimes guttulate, 52'5 (26-78) ,urn x 4-7 ,urn, 2-3,um wide at the base.
No Phaeoisariopsis species has been described on this host family. The present collection when compared with several described species of Phaeoisariopsis (Ellis, 1971, 1976; Rajak et al., 1978) is similar to Phaeoisariopsis menispermi (Ellis & Holway) Deighton (Ellis, 1976) in having guttulate conidia. The new species differs considerably from
7°
New species of foliicolous microfungi from Uttar Pradesh
20 J.lm
Fig. 3. Sarcinella quercina, repent mycelium, hyphopodia and conidia.
P. menispermi in colour of colonies and shape and size of conidia. The colonies of P. menispermi are dark brown, and conidia are obclavate, golden brown, guttulate, 2-4-septate, measuring 40-60 x 5-7 p,m compared with the grey, floccose vein-limited colonies with obclavate, cylindrical, pale olivaceous, smooth, 3-10-septate, sometimes guttulate conidia measuring 26-70 x 4-7 usix.
Sarcinella quercina sp.nov.
(Fig. 3)
Maculae epigenae, extendentes per totam folii. Coloniae extense effusae, pulveraceae, nigrae. Mycelium ex hyphis superficialibus, pallide brunneis vel olivaceis, repentibus, ramosis et reticulum laxum facientibus, septatis, laevibus, 3'0-5'5 pm latis compositum. Hyphopodia reniformia
interdum sub-globosa, pallide brunnea, pleraque alternata, 10'0-15'5 p.m longa, 7'5-10'5 p.m crassa, Conidiophora micronematosa, ex hyphis superficialibus, lateraliter oriunda, parva, simplicia, recta, laevia, pallide brunnea, apicem versus pallescentia. Cellulae conidiogenae monoblasticae, in conidiophoris incorporatae, terminales, cylindricae, determinatae. Conidia solitaria, sicca, simplicia, laevia, sub-globosa, vel irregulariter sarciniformia, muriformia, septa pleraque, decussato modo disposita, atrobrunnea vel atra, valde constricta at septa, velut, 4-14-lobata, 25-40 x 18-31 p.m. In foliis vivis Quercus dilatatae, Nainital, U.P., India, Oct. 1985, R. K. Verma, GPU KK 106, holotypus, IMI 299162, isotypus.
Lesions epigenous, covering almost the whole of the leaf surface. Colonies spreading extensively,
R. K. Verma and Kamal
71
Fig. 4. Stenella rhododendri, mycelium , conidiophores and conidia.
powdery, black. Mycelium of superficial, pale brown to olivaceous, repent hyphae, branched and forming a loose but well-developed network on the leaf surface, septate, smooth or roughened, 3-5'5 /lm wide, hyphopodiate, Hyphopodia abundant, reniform to tetrahedral or sub-globose, pale brown, alternate, 1o-15 '6/lm long, 7'5-1Q'5/lm wide. Conidiophores micronernatous, arising laterally from the superficial hyphae, short, simple, straight, smooth, pale brown. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, integrated, terminal, cylindrical, de-
terminate. Conidia solitary, dry, simple, smooth, sub-globose to irregularly sarciniform, muriform, with more or less cruciately arranged septa, dark brown to black strongly constricted at the septa, thick-walled, appearing 4-14-lobed, measuring 25-40 x 18-31 pm. A comparison of this fungus with known species of Sarcinella (Sydow et al., 1937; Sahni, 1964, 1966; Pavgi & Singh, 1970; Ellis, 1971; Kamal & Singh, 1980; Kamal et al., 1984b) suggests it is
72
New species of foliicolous microfungi from Uttar Pradesh
distinct. The 4-14-lobed conidia of this species are larger than in previously described species. Also no species of Sarcinella has yet been described on the Fagaceae.
Stenella rhododendri sp .nov. (F ig . 4 ) Contigionis maculae hypogenosae, fioccosae, rotundatae, usque 5-10 mm diam, rubro-brunneae vel griseae. Mycelium ex hyphis superficialibus ramosis, septatis, verruculosis, pallide olivaceis 3-5 pm latis compositum. Stromata nulle notata. Conidiophora recta vel fiexuosa rubro-brunnea, semi-micronematosa, mononematosa, verruculosa, ramosa vel simplicia, terminalibus vel intercalaribus, cicatricibus, usque ad 450 x 5'2 pm. Conidia pallide-olivacea vel rubro-brunnea, catenata vel simplicia, septata, recta vel curvata et helicoidea, verruculosa, usque 91'7-350 x 3-8 pm. In foliis vivis Rhododendri campanulatae, Chaubattia, Ranikhet, Almora, U.P. Oct . 1985, R. K. Verma, GPU KK 120 holotypus, IMI 299172 isotypus. Lesions hypogenous, floccose, showing cottony growth either on the whole of the leaf surface or localized in circular colonies 5-10 mm diam, pinkish-brown to grey. Mycelium external, intermingled with verruculose, branched, septate, pale olivaceous, non-stromatic, 3-5 pm wide hyphae, swollen at the bases of conidiophores (up to 8-10 pm). Conidiophores non-stromatic, straight or flexuous, reddish brown, serni-micronematous, mononematous, verruculose, thick-walled, branched or simple, with terminal or intercalary conspicuous scars, 450 x 5'0 pm (aoo-indeterminate x 5-8 pm), base swollen. Conidia pale olivaceous to pinkish brown, verrucu lose, catenate or simple, base swollen, septate, straight, curved or helicoid, 183 '5 x 5'0 (9 1' 5- 35° x 3-8 pm), sometimes indeterminate, tip obtuse, 3 pm wide, basal region swollen up to 10 pm. A number of Stenella species have been reported recently (Yen , 1967; Ellis, 1971, 1976; Deighton, 1979; Kamal et al ., 1980a, b; Rajak, 1981; Mulder, 1982) on different host families. The present collection is nearest to Stenella constricta (Mulder, 1982) but differs in producing very distinct symptoms, and in conidial morphology. The conidia of S. constricta are echinulate, o-e-septate, 13'5-45 x 4'5-7 pm, as against verruculose, manyseptate, straight, curved or helicoid, measuring 183 '5-35° x 3-8 pm. The authors are thankful to Dr P. M . Kirk and Miss S. A. Little ofCAB International Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey, England for providing the generic identity of these fungi, and C.S .I.R., New Delhi for financial assistance to the Senior author.
REFERENCES
DEIGHTON, F. C. (1979). Studies on Cercospora and allied genera . VIII. New Species and redispos itions . Mycological Paper s (CM!) 144, 1-56. ELLIS, M. B. (1971). Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute: Kew, England. ELLIS, M . B. (1976). More Dematiace ous Hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological In stitute : Kew, England. KAMAL, SINGH, R. P. & KUMAR, P. (1980). Fungi of Gorakhpur. XVIII. Srenella . Sydowia 33, 162-166. KAMAL, RAI,A. N . & MORGAN-JONES, G. (1983 a). Notes on Hyphomycetes. XLV . Neopericonia - a new Phaeodictyosporous genus from India. Mycotaxon 18, 15-18 . KAMAL, RAI,A. N . & MORGAN-JONES, G . (1983b). Notes on Hyphomycetes. XLVI. Parafuluia - a new foliicolous, Phaeophragmosporous genus with catenate conidia. Mycotaxon 18, 67-71. KAMAL, RAI, A. N. & MORGAN-JONES, G. (1984a). Pseudochuppia - a new foliicolous, dictyosporic hyphomycete genus from India. Mycologia 76, 163-165 . KAMAL, RAI,A. N . & MORGAN-JONES, G . (1984b). Notes on Hyphomycetes. XLVII. New species of Sarcinella and Sirosporium . Mycotaxon 20, 689-694. KAMAL, RAI , B. & KUMAR, P. (1980). A new species of Stenella from India . Current Science 49, 234-235 . KAMAL & SINGH, R. P. (1980). Fungi of Gorakhpur. XVII . Sarcinella. Sydowia 33, 152-156. KAMAL, VERMA, R. K. & MORGAN-JONES, G. (1986). Notes on Hyphomycetes. LI. Kameshwaromyces - a new foliicolous sooty-mould-like genus from Madhya Pradesh, India . Mycotaxon 25, 247-250. MORGAN-JONES, G . & KAMAL (1984). Notes on Hyphomycetes. XLVIII. Fuligomyces - a new foliicolous anamorphic sooty mould genus from Uttar Pradesh. My cotaxon 20, 595-598. MULDER, J. L. (1982). New species and combinations in Stenella. Transactions of the British My cological Society. 79, 469-478 . PAVGI, M . S. & SINGH, U. P. (1970). Parasitic fungi of North India. IX. Sydowia 24, 113-119. RAJAK, R. C. (1981). A new species of Stenella from India. Acta Botanica Indica 9, 132-133 . RAJAK, R. c., SONI, K. K. & PATHAK, G . P. (1978). Two new species of Hyphomycetes. Current Science 47, 397-399 · SAHNI, V. P. (1964). Some foliicolous ectoparasitic and associated fungi from jabalpur. I. Mycopathologia et Mycologia applicata 23, 331-338. SAHNI, V. P. (1966). Deuteromycetes from Iabalpur (M . P.). II. Mycopathologia et Mycologia applicata 29. 226-243 · SYDOW, H ., MITTER, J. H . & TANDON, R. N. (1937). Fungi Indici. III. Annales mycologici 35, 222-243 . YEN, J . M . (1967). Etude sur les champignons parasites du sud-est asiatique. VII . Quatrieme note sur quelques Cercospora et Stenella de Singapore (Malaisie). Revue de Mycologie 32, 178.
(R eceiv ed for publication
22
August 1986)
Printed in Great Britain
NEW SPECIES OF PSEUDOCERCOSPORA, PHAEOISARIOPSIS, SARCINELLA AND STENELLA FROM UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA By R. K. VERMA AND KAMAL Department of Botany, Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur-273009, U.P., India Pseudocercospora combretacearum sp.nov., Phaeoisariopsis clematidis sp.nov., Sarcinella quercina sp.nov. and Stenella rhododendri sp.nov., collected on living leaves of Terminalia chebula, Clematis gauriana, Quercus dilatata and Rhododendron campanulatum respectively from the Himalayan foothills of Northern Uttar Pradesh are described, illustrated and compared with allied species.
Northern Uttar Pradesh touches the Nepal border and constitutes a part of the Himalayan foothills. The climate of this region favours the growth of various types of phanerogamic vegetation and seasonal and annual crops and supports luxuriant growth and development of parasitic fungi. Foliicolous hyphomycetes have been found to be abundant throughout this region, and during the last decade an attempt has been made by the school of mycology, Department of Botany, Gorakhpur University to study such organisms. To this end thousands of foliicolous hyphomycetes have been collected and examined. This has resulted in the description and illlustration of over one hundred new species by Kamal and his co-workers and half a dozen new genera (Kamal et al., 1983a, b, 1984a, 1986; Morgan-Jones & Kamal, 1984). In continuation of previous studies a thorough survey has been made of the Nainital and Almora districts of Uttar Pradesh and many interesting foliicolous hyphomycetes have been collected by the authors. Four collections belonging to the dematiaceous genera Pseudocercospora, Phaeoisariopsis, Sarcinella and Stenella, collected on Terminalia chebula Retz., Clematis gauriana Roxb., Quercus dilatata Lindl. and Rhododendron campanulatum D .Don have been determined as undescribed.
Pseudocercospora combretacearum sp.nov. (Fig. 1) Laesiones flavido-brunneae, rotundatae, usque 5'020 mm diam vel sparsae. Caespituli epiphylli raro hypophylli, mycelium ex hyphis immersis, pallideolivaceis, ramosis, laevibus, 2-3!"m latis. Stroma substomatibus, sphaeroidea, usque 45-65 x 15-45!"m. Conidiophora fasciculata, micronematosa, pallideolivacea, laevia, recta vel flexuosa, non-ramosa, 1-3septata, 15-35x 4'0-5'5!"m, cicatrices conidiales 2'04'o!"m latae, indistinctes. Cellulae conidiogenae in conidiophoris incorporatae, terminales, polyblasticae,
non cicatrices. Conidia pallide-olivacea, sub-erecta vel curvata, laevia, irregulariter constricta, 6-16-septata, usque 35-78 x 4'0-5'5!"m. In foliis vivis Terminaliae chebulae, Kath Godam, Nainital, U.P" Oct. 1985,R. K. Verma, GPU, KK 160 holotypus, IMI 299718 isotypus, Lesions yellowish brown, orbicular, 5-20 mm diam, sometimes colaescing and overlapping, necrotic in severe infections, visible on both the leaf surfaces but more prominent on abaxial surface. Caespituli mostly epiphyllous, sometimes hypophyllous, evenly distributed over the spot. Mycelium of internal, pale olivaceous, branched, smooth-walled, intercellular hyphae 2-3 pm wide. Stroma sub-stomatal, sphaeroidal, dense, 45-65 x 15-45 pm, composed of pale olivaceous swollen hyphae. Conidiophores numerous, in a dense fascicle, micronematous, pale olivaceous, smooth, straight to flexuous, unbranched, 1-3-septate above the basal septum, 15-35 pm long and 4-5'5 pm wide; conidial scars 2-4 pm diam. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, polyblastic, noncicatrized. Conidia pale-olivaceous, sub-straight to curved, smooth, more frequently irregularly constricted, 6-16-septate, 35-78 x 4-5'5 pm, base 2-4 pm and apex 2'5-30 pm wide. Pseudocercospora terminaliae (Syd.) M. B. Ellis (Ellis, 1976) has reported on this host genus but it differs in symptoms, nature of stromata, size of conidiophores and conidia.
Phaeoisariopsis clematidis sp.nov. (Fig. 2) Contagiones maculae hypophyllae, floccosae, griseae, ad 1-1'5 mm. Mycelium ex hyphis immersis, ramosis, septatis, laevibus, hyalinis vel olivaceis compositum. Stroma sub-stomatibus, 10'5-13'5x 13'0-18'5!"m. Conidiophora macronematosa, synnematosa vel caespitosa, non ramosa, recta vel flexuosa, pallide vel olivaceobrunnea, laevia, 91-150 x 4'0-6'0 !"m, Cellulae conidiogenae polyblasticae, in conidiophoris incorporatae,
68
New species of foliicolous microfungi from Uttar Pradesh
Fig .
1.
Pseudocercospora combretacearum, stroma, mycelium, conidiophores and conidia.
terminales, sympodiales, cylindricae vel c1avatae, cicatrices . Conidia solitaria, sicca, acropleurogena, simplicia, obclavata vel cylindrica, pallide olivacea, laevia, 3-10septata, raro guttulata, S2'S-{26-78 ) x 4'0-7'0 Jim. In foliis vivis Clematidis gaurianae, Ranibagh, Nainital, U.P., Oct . 1985, R. K. Verma, GPU KK 114 holotypus, IMI 299168 isotypus.
Lesions hypophyllous . Colonies floccose, veinlimited, spreading along the veins, grey, 1-1 '5 mm
diam . Mycelium of immersed, branched, septate, smooth, intercellular, hyaline to light olivaceous hyphae . Stroma sub-epidermal, 10'5-13 '5 x 13"018'5 pm. Conidiophores macronematous, synnernatous or caespitose, with individual unbranched threads, straight or flexuous, pale to olivaceous brown, smooth, 91-156 Jim long and 4-6 pm thick near the base, swelling up to 6-8 pm near the apex. Conidiogenous cellspolyblastic, integrated, terminal,
R. K. Verma and Kamal
sympodial, cylindrical or clavate, cicatrized, scars thin but visible, flattened against the side of the conidiogenous cell. Conidia solitary, dry, aeropleurogenous, simple obclavate or cylindrical, pale olivaceous, smooth, 3-10-septate, sometimes guttulate, 52'5 (26-78) ,urn x 4-7 ,urn, 2-3,um wide at the base.
No Phaeoisariopsis species has been described on this host family. The present collection when compared with several described species of Phaeoisariopsis (Ellis, 1971, 1976; Rajak et al., 1978) is similar to Phaeoisariopsis menispermi (Ellis & Holway) Deighton (Ellis, 1976) in having guttulate conidia. The new species differs considerably from
7°
New species of foliicolous microfungi from Uttar Pradesh
20 J.lm
Fig. 3. Sarcinella quercina, repent mycelium, hyphopodia and conidia.
P. menispermi in colour of colonies and shape and size of conidia. The colonies of P. menispermi are dark brown, and conidia are obclavate, golden brown, guttulate, 2-4-septate, measuring 40-60 x 5-7 p,m compared with the grey, floccose vein-limited colonies with obclavate, cylindrical, pale olivaceous, smooth, 3-10-septate, sometimes guttulate conidia measuring 26-70 x 4-7 usix.
Sarcinella quercina sp.nov.
(Fig. 3)
Maculae epigenae, extendentes per totam folii. Coloniae extense effusae, pulveraceae, nigrae. Mycelium ex hyphis superficialibus, pallide brunneis vel olivaceis, repentibus, ramosis et reticulum laxum facientibus, septatis, laevibus, 3'0-5'5 pm latis compositum. Hyphopodia reniformia
interdum sub-globosa, pallide brunnea, pleraque alternata, 10'0-15'5 p.m longa, 7'5-10'5 p.m crassa, Conidiophora micronematosa, ex hyphis superficialibus, lateraliter oriunda, parva, simplicia, recta, laevia, pallide brunnea, apicem versus pallescentia. Cellulae conidiogenae monoblasticae, in conidiophoris incorporatae, terminales, cylindricae, determinatae. Conidia solitaria, sicca, simplicia, laevia, sub-globosa, vel irregulariter sarciniformia, muriformia, septa pleraque, decussato modo disposita, atrobrunnea vel atra, valde constricta at septa, velut, 4-14-lobata, 25-40 x 18-31 p.m. In foliis vivis Quercus dilatatae, Nainital, U.P., India, Oct. 1985, R. K. Verma, GPU KK 106, holotypus, IMI 299162, isotypus.
Lesions epigenous, covering almost the whole of the leaf surface. Colonies spreading extensively,
R. K. Verma and Kamal
71
Fig. 4. Stenella rhododendri, mycelium , conidiophores and conidia.
powdery, black. Mycelium of superficial, pale brown to olivaceous, repent hyphae, branched and forming a loose but well-developed network on the leaf surface, septate, smooth or roughened, 3-5'5 /lm wide, hyphopodiate, Hyphopodia abundant, reniform to tetrahedral or sub-globose, pale brown, alternate, 1o-15 '6/lm long, 7'5-1Q'5/lm wide. Conidiophores micronernatous, arising laterally from the superficial hyphae, short, simple, straight, smooth, pale brown. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, integrated, terminal, cylindrical, de-
terminate. Conidia solitary, dry, simple, smooth, sub-globose to irregularly sarciniform, muriform, with more or less cruciately arranged septa, dark brown to black strongly constricted at the septa, thick-walled, appearing 4-14-lobed, measuring 25-40 x 18-31 pm. A comparison of this fungus with known species of Sarcinella (Sydow et al., 1937; Sahni, 1964, 1966; Pavgi & Singh, 1970; Ellis, 1971; Kamal & Singh, 1980; Kamal et al., 1984b) suggests it is
72
New species of foliicolous microfungi from Uttar Pradesh
distinct. The 4-14-lobed conidia of this species are larger than in previously described species. Also no species of Sarcinella has yet been described on the Fagaceae.
Stenella rhododendri sp .nov. (F ig . 4 ) Contigionis maculae hypogenosae, fioccosae, rotundatae, usque 5-10 mm diam, rubro-brunneae vel griseae. Mycelium ex hyphis superficialibus ramosis, septatis, verruculosis, pallide olivaceis 3-5 pm latis compositum. Stromata nulle notata. Conidiophora recta vel fiexuosa rubro-brunnea, semi-micronematosa, mononematosa, verruculosa, ramosa vel simplicia, terminalibus vel intercalaribus, cicatricibus, usque ad 450 x 5'2 pm. Conidia pallide-olivacea vel rubro-brunnea, catenata vel simplicia, septata, recta vel curvata et helicoidea, verruculosa, usque 91'7-350 x 3-8 pm. In foliis vivis Rhododendri campanulatae, Chaubattia, Ranikhet, Almora, U.P. Oct . 1985, R. K. Verma, GPU KK 120 holotypus, IMI 299172 isotypus. Lesions hypogenous, floccose, showing cottony growth either on the whole of the leaf surface or localized in circular colonies 5-10 mm diam, pinkish-brown to grey. Mycelium external, intermingled with verruculose, branched, septate, pale olivaceous, non-stromatic, 3-5 pm wide hyphae, swollen at the bases of conidiophores (up to 8-10 pm). Conidiophores non-stromatic, straight or flexuous, reddish brown, serni-micronematous, mononematous, verruculose, thick-walled, branched or simple, with terminal or intercalary conspicuous scars, 450 x 5'0 pm (aoo-indeterminate x 5-8 pm), base swollen. Conidia pale olivaceous to pinkish brown, verrucu lose, catenate or simple, base swollen, septate, straight, curved or helicoid, 183 '5 x 5'0 (9 1' 5- 35° x 3-8 pm), sometimes indeterminate, tip obtuse, 3 pm wide, basal region swollen up to 10 pm. A number of Stenella species have been reported recently (Yen , 1967; Ellis, 1971, 1976; Deighton, 1979; Kamal et al ., 1980a, b; Rajak, 1981; Mulder, 1982) on different host families. The present collection is nearest to Stenella constricta (Mulder, 1982) but differs in producing very distinct symptoms, and in conidial morphology. The conidia of S. constricta are echinulate, o-e-septate, 13'5-45 x 4'5-7 pm, as against verruculose, manyseptate, straight, curved or helicoid, measuring 183 '5-35° x 3-8 pm. The authors are thankful to Dr P. M . Kirk and Miss S. A. Little ofCAB International Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey, England for providing the generic identity of these fungi, and C.S .I.R., New Delhi for financial assistance to the Senior author.
REFERENCES
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